S - Additionality of Offsets

S - Evaluating the CDM

2012 Sandel_What Money Can't Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets

200X Lohmann_Performative Equations and Neoliberal Commodification -- The Case of Climate

1994 Goodin_Selling Environmental Indulgences

2000 Chomitz_Evaluating Carbon Offsets from Forestry and Energy Projects

2000 Lohmann_Shopping for Carbon A New Plantation Economy

2004 Bachram_Climate fraud and carbon colonialism The new trade in GHGs $$

2004 Becken_How Tourists and Tourism Experts Perceive Climate Change and Carbon Offsetting Schemes

2006 Kosloff_Fictional Credits or Progressive Action Seattles Utility GHG Offsets Program Goes to Court

2007 Smith_The Carbon Neutral Myth: Offsets Indulgences for your Climate Sins

2007 Victor_Making Carbon Markets Work

2008 Broekhoff_Outside the Cap: Opportunities and Limitations of GHG Offsets

2008 Carbon Offset Watch_2008 Assessment Report

2008 Corner House_Governance as Corruption Carbon Trading and Financial Derivatives PPT

2008 Hunt_The hidden social costs of forestry offsets

2008 International Rivers_Bad Deal for the Planet - Why Carbon Offsets Aren't Working

2008 Ramseur_The role of offsets in a GHG emissions cap and trade program

2008 Roland-Holst_Carbon emission Offsets and Criteria Pollutants A California Assessment

2008 Stuart_Why Bother with CDM and Project Mechanisms

2009 Boehm_Upsetting the Offset The Political Economy of Carbon Markets

2009 Lohman_Regulation as Corruption in the Carbon Offset Markets

2009 SEI_Evaluating and Improving Carbon Offsetting Programs - Policy Brief

2009 Wittmann_Carbon Offsets and Inequality in Guatemala and Sri Lanka

2010 Borenstein_Markets for Anthropogenic Carbon Within the Larger Carbon Cycle

2010 Bumpus_The Matter of Carbon: Understanding Materiality of tCO2e in Carbon Offsets

2010 Bushnell_The Economics of Carbon Offsets

2010 Hari_The Wrong Kind of Green

2010 He_Making Carbon Offsets Work in the Developing World Lessons from the Chinese Wind Controversy

2010 Lewis_Carbon Emissions Hard to Credit ETS Offset Use Again in the Spotlight

2010 Lovell_Governing the Carbon Offset Market

2010 Schapiro_Conning the Climate

2010 Sovacool_Building Umbrellas or Arks - Three Alternatives to Carbon Credits and Offsets

2011 Boehm_Fault lines in climate policy: What role for carbon markets

2011 Bushnell_Adverse Selection and Emissions Offsets

2011 Carlson_The biggest green scam in America

2011 Dhanda_The Ethics of Carbon Neutrality: A Critical Examination of Voluntary Carbon Offset Providers

2011 Hultman_Carbon markets and low-carbon investment in emerging economies

2011 Jaccard_BC's Carbon Neutral Public Sector: Too Good to be True?

2011 Lohmann_Endless Algebra of Carbon Markets

2011 Munden Project_REDD-and Forest Carbon Market-Based Critique and Recommendations

2011 Poudyal_Quality of urban forest carbon credits

2011 Reinhardt_The Political Economy of Carbon Trading $$

2012 Anderson_Interview on Carbon Offsets

2012 Anderson_Offsetting under pressure

2012 Anderson_The Inconvenient Truth of Carbon Offsets Pre-Edit Version

2012 Boehm_Greening Capitalism - A Marxist Critique of Carbon Markets

2012 Boehm_The Atmosphere Business

2012 CDMWatch Newsletter_scrutinizing carbon offsets

2012 Ephemera_The Atmosphere Business - Special Issue

2012 Latta_Evaluating the Response of Land Use and Forest Management in Western Oregon to a Carbon Offset Sales Policy PPT

2012 Lohmann_Critiquing carbon markets: A Conversation

2012 Millard-Ball_The trouble with voluntary emissions trading

2012 van Kooten_Rent Seeking and Smoke and Mirrors Game in the Creation of Carbon Credits: An Example from British Columbia

2013 CAR_Offsets and CEQA: Mitigating Impacts via Offsite Credits

2013 Carbon Market Watch_International Offsets in EU 2020 Climate Legislation

2013 Carbon Market Watch_Rethinking the role of international carbon markets in the EU’s 2030 climate framework

2013 Erickson_Implications of international GHG offsets on global climate change mitigation $$

2013 Hyams_The ethics of carbon offsetting

2013 Killian_The rhetoric of personal carbon offset accounting $$

2013 Lyman_Better Get it right the first time - CARBs offset invalidation provisions

2013 McNish_Carbon offsets are a bridge too far in the tradable property rights revolution

2013 Oliver_Do Carbon Offsets Work? The Role of Forest Manageemtn in GHG Mitigation

2013 Trexler_If Offsets for Keystone Are the Answer - What Was the Question - paper

2013 Turner_World offsetting markets can the patient be cured

2013 van Bethem_Scale and transfers in international emissions offset programs

2014 Brekke_Buying the right to do wrong: An experimental test of moral objections to trading emission permits

2014 Cavanagh_Virtual nature, violent accumulation: The ‘spectacular failure’ of carbon offsetting at a Ugandan National Park

2014 Pearse_Ten reasons why carbon markets will not bring about radical emissions reduction

2014 Schuster_Bird Community Conservation and Carbon Offsets in Western North America $$

2015 Boehm_EDF Energys Green CSR Claims Examined The follies of global carbon commodity chains

2015 Bryant_Fixing the climate crisis Capital States and Carbon Offsetting in India

2015 Haya_Carbon Offsets in California: Science in the Policy Development Process

2015 Kill_REDD A Collection of Conflicts, Contradictions and Lies

2015 Kollmuss_Has Joint Implementation Reduced GHG Emissions Lessons Learned

2015 Maron_Stop misuse of biodiversity offsets

2015 Schneider_Perverse effects of carbon markets on HFC23 and SF6 abatement projects in Russia

2015 Swartz_Carbon Offsets: Is it Time to Invest

2015 Wolters_Analysis of German Voluntary Offset Markets - in German

2015 Wolters_Revised Analysis of the German Offset Market for GHG Emissions

2016 Morello-Frosch_A Preliminary Environmental Equity Assessment of California’s Cap and Trade Program

2016 Olsson_The elephant in the room - A comparative study of uncertainties in carbon offsets $$

2016 Zelljadt_Offsetting in the aviation sector: Evaluating voluntary offset programs of major airlines

2017 Aguilar-Stoen_Better Safe than Sorry? Indigenous Peoples, Carbon Cowboys and the Governance of REDD in the Amazon $$

2017 Duggan_Ranking Carbon Offsets - A Primer for Organizational Buyers

2017 Green_Don't link carbon markets

2018 Apostolopoulou_Biodiversity Offsetting and the Production of Equivalent Natures A Marxist Critique

2018 Riksrevisjonen_The Office of the Auditor General of Norways Investigation of Norways International Climate and Forest Initiative

2018 Schneider_Crediting Forest-Related Mitigation Under International Carbon Market Mechanisms: A synthesis of environmental integrity risks

2019 Chagas_Should forest carbon credits be included in offsetting schemes such as CORSIA

2019 Haya_Managing uncertainty in carbon offsets: insights from California’s standardized approach

2020 Lee_The Future of Carbon Offset Markets

2020 Trexler_Should You Buy Carbon Offsets

2021 Badgley_Systematic over-crediting of forest offsets

2021 Beechener_Achieving net zero A review of the evidence behind potential carbon offsetting approaches

2021 Benson_All That Glitters is Not Green

2021 Carvalho_Offset approaches in existing compliance mechanisms

2021 Carvalho_Potentials for Offset Approaches in Selected Sectors post 2020

S - UNFCCC Article 6 Market Mechanisms

2020 Allen_The Oxford Principles for Net Zero Aligned Carbon Offsetting

2020 Gold Standard_Operationalizing and Scaling Post-2020 Voluntary Carbon Market

2020 TSVCM_Consultation Document

2021 Beechener_Achieving net zero A review of the evidence behind potential carbon offsetting approaches

2021 Katusa_Carbonomics How Carbon Credits Will mint the Next Generation of Millionaires

2007 Gillenwater_Policing the Voluntary Market

2007 Gossling_Voluntary Carbon Offsetting Schemes for Aviation

2008 Bumpus_Accumulation by Decarbonization and the Governance of Carbon Offsets

2008 Coulter_The Global Carbon Project - Carbon Reductions and Offsets

2008 ENDS Guide to Carbon Offsets

2008 Estrada_How do regulated and voluntary carbon-offset schemes compare?

2008 Kollmuss_Making Sense of the Voluntary Carbon Market A Comparison of Carbon Offset Standards

2008 SEI_Carbon Offsetting and Air Travel part 1

2008 Trexler Snapshot of the Voluntary Market

2009 CBO_The Use of Offsets to Reduce GHGs

2009 Corbera_How do regulated and voluntary carbon offset schemes compare $$

2009 Ecosystem Marketplace_State of Forest Carbon Markets: Taking Root and Branching Out

2009 Markit_Beginners Guide to the Voluntary Carbon Market

2009 Trexler_Voluntary Carbon Markets: Mission Critical Climate Strategy, or Destructive Distraction?

2010 Climakind_Voluntary Carbon Offsetting Branding your business as environmentally concerned PPT

2010 Conte_Explaining the Price of Voluntary Carbon Offsets

2010 EPRI_Elements of the Voluntary Carbon Standard PPT

2010 Guigon_Voluntary Carbon Markets How Can They Service Climate Change Policies

2010 Hamilton_Building Bridges: State of the Voluntary Carbon Markets

2010 Jacobsen_the Al Gore effect - An Inconvenient Truth and voluntary carbon offsets

2010 Olander_Policy Options for Transitioning from Voluntary to Federal Offsets Markets

2011 Dhanda_The Ethics of Carbon Neutrality: A Critical Examination of Voluntary Carbon Offset Providers

2011 Ecosystem Marketplace_Back to the Future: State of Voluntary Carbon Markets

2011 Eijgelaar_Voluntary Carbon Offsets a Solution for Reducing Tourism Emissions

2011 Jacobsen_The Al Gore effect: An Inconvenient Truth and voluntary carbon offsets

2011 Latta_Simulated effects of mandatory versus voluntary participation in private forest carbon offset markets

2012 Benessaiah_Carbon and livelihoods in Post-Kyoto - Assessing voluntary carbon markets

2012 Ecosystem Marketplace_Developing Dimension: State of Voluntary Carbon Markets 2012

2012 Millard-Ball_The trouble with voluntary emissions trading

2012 Peters-Stanley_Taking Stock of Government Engagement with voluntary carbon market

2012 UNEPFI Biodiversity Offsets Voluntary and Compliance Regimes

2013 Ecosystem Marketplace_Covering new ground: state of forest carbon markets

2013 Ecosystem Marketplace_Innovative Markets for Ecosystem Services

2013 Lindman_Voluntary citizen participation in carbon allowance markets the role of norm based motivation $$

2013 van Bethem_Scale and transfers in international emissions offset programs

2014 Ecosystem Marketplace_Sharing the Stage – State of Voluntary Markets 2014

2014 Kountouris_Quantification and Evaluation of the Voluntary Markets Cobenefits

2014 McLennan_Voluntary carbon offsetting: Who does it?

2015 CCC_Climate change and carbon markets

2015 Ecosystem Marketplace_Ahead of the Curve State of the Voluntary Offset Market

2015 Ecosystem Marketplace_The Bottom Line Taking Stock of Offsets in Corporate Carbon Strategies

2015 Evans_Painting REDD with too broad a brush - evidence from voluntary carbon market

2015 Sargoni_Solar Radiation Management and the voluntary carbon market

2016 Blasch_Environmental art prior knowledge about climate change and carbon offsets $$

2016 Hamrick_Raising Ambition: State of the Voluntary Carbon Markets 2016

2016 Second Nature_Carbon Markets and Offsets Guidance

2016 Segerstedt_Increasing adoption of voluntary carbon offsets among tourists

2016 Segerstedt_Increasing adoption of voluntary carbon offsets among tourists $$

2016 Wells_Ethical carbon offsetting - Guidelines and lessons from smallholder and community carbon projects

2017 Forest Trends_Unlocking Potential State of the Voluntary Carbon Markets 2017

2017 Liu_Baseline manipulation in voluntary carbon offset programs

2018 Birchall_An investigation into the early stages of New Zealand s voluntary carbon market $$

2018 Ecosystem Marketplace_Voluntary Carbon Markets Insights 2018 Outlook and First Quarter Trends

2018 Lee_Characteristics of forest carbon credit transactions in the voluntary carbon market $$

2018 Nori_Reversing Climate Change Pitch Deck PPT

2018 Tyers_Nudging the jetset to offset Voluntary carbon offsetting and the limits to nudging $$

2020 Allen_The Oxford Principles for Net Zero Aligned Carbon Offsetting

2020 Carbon Market Watch_Above and Beyond Carbon Offsetting - Alternatives to Compensation for Climate Action and Sustainable Development

2020 Donofrio_The Only Constant is Change - State of the Voluntary Carbon Market - Installment #2

2020 Gold Standard_Operationalizing and Scaling Post-2020 Voluntary Carbon Market

2020 Gurung_How the scaling of voluntary carbon markets can amplify gender equality impacts

2020 NCI_Future Role for voluntary carbon markets in the Paris era

2020 TSVCM_Consultation Document

2020 UK Climate Change Committee_Corporate Procurement of Renewable Energy - Implications and Considerations

2020 West_Overstated carbon emission reductions from voluntary REDD+ projects in the Brazilian Amazon

2021 Broekhoff_Assessing crediting scheme standards and practices for ensuring unit quality under the Paris Agreement

2021 Carbon Direct_Comments on the Initial Recommendations of the Taskforce on Scaling Voluntary Carbon Markets

2021 Carbon Direct_Release of Voluntary Registry Offsets Database

2021 Carbon Market Watch_Reply to the TSVCM's Second Public Consultation

2021 Climatographers_Carbon Offset Scoring White Paper

2021 Doda_Voluntary Offsetting: Credits and Allowances

2021 Donofrio_Markets in Motion - State of the Voluntary Carbon Markets 2021 - Installment 1

2021 ICROA_Article 6 of the Paris Agreement and Implications for the Voluntary Carbon Market

2021 Kreibich_Suitability and Success Factors of Offsets post-2020

2021 Mittenberger_The Good is Never Perfect Why the Current Flaws of Voluntary Carbon Markets Are Services, Not Barriers

2021 Rights and Resources Initiative_Status of Legal Recognition of Indigenous Peoples Righs to Carbon Stored in Tropical Lands and Forests

2021 Trove_Future Demand Supply and Prices for Voluntary Carbon Credits: Keeping the Balance

2021 TSVCM_Phase 2 Report

2021 VCM_The Voluntary Carbon Market as a Catalyst of Climate Ambition in Developing Countries

2021 VCMI_Aligning Voluntary Carbon Markets with the 1.5oC Paris Agreement Ambition

2021 VCMI_Roadmap: Ensuring High-Integirity Voluntary Carbon Markets

2021/11 COP26 - 2021 Glasgow - Progress or disappointment?

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