Table
Here's the requested table comparing Complex Adaptive System (CAS) characteristics with Second Generation CPTED principles. Each cell highlights how environmental design can influence behavior and contribute to safer communities:
| CAS Characteristics | Social Cohesion | Threshold Capacity | Connectivity | Community Culture |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No Central Control | - Encourage informal social gatherings | - Facilitate resident-led groups to maintain wellness in neighbourhoods | - Provide spaces for spontaneous interactions | - Foster ‘No car’ day |
| Non-Linearity | - Support physical space activities that foster interpersonal connections | - Detect weak signals of density and land usage “going viral” | - Be flexible to handle connections that grow exponentially | - Cultivate positive tipping points through art, sensual exhibits |
| Feedback Loops | - Promote easy access feedback tools like forums or kiosks | - Monitor changes in pathways, transit to adapt constraints | - Use distributed ethnography to collect experiences online and anecdote circles | - Amplify cultural pride via local festivals, art work |
| Patterns | - Incorporate natural patterns like walkability, ‘15 minute circle’ | - Design mixed-use spaces to support self-organization and organic movement | - Use SenseMaker® to discover hidden behaviour patterns | - Visualize identity with aesthetics, semiotics |
| Emergence | - Resolve conflict by enabling ‘3rd Alternative’ to emerge | - Conduct safe-to-fail experiments to manage emerging consequences | - Offer ‘coffee house’ space to enable new ideas to emerge (abductive thinking) | - Hold mixed culture events to enable fusion to emerge |
| Holism | - Integrate physical and social spaces like ‘No car’ zone or day | - Respect diverse, entangled perspectives as part of the community fabric | - Link system conditions to external networks & other CAS in a Human Sensor Network | - Compile history through generational storytelling |