Thomas J. Dodd

<h1 class="firstHeading" id="firstHeading">Thomas J. Dodd</h1>

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<div class="imagemap-inline">Thomas J. Dodd</div>

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<div ><a title="United States Senate" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate">United States Senator</a>

from <a title="Connecticut" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connecticut">Connecticut</a></div>

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<td colspan="2" >In office

<a title="January 3" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_3">January 3</a>, <a title="1959" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1959">1959</a> – <a title="January 2" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_2">January 2</a>, <a title="1971" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1971">1971</a></td>

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<th>Preceded by</th>

<td><a title="William A. Purtell" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_A._Purtell">William A. Purtell</a></td>

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<th>Succeeded by</th>

<td><a title="Lowell P. Weicker, Jr." href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lowell_P.Weicker,Jr.">Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.</a></td>

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<div >Member of the <a title="United States House of Representatives" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a>

from Connecticut's <a title="Connecticut's 1st congressional district" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connecticut%27s_1st_congressional_district">1st</a> district</div>

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<td colspan="2" >In office

<a title="January 3" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_3">January 3</a>, <a title="1953" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953">1953</a> – <a title="January 3" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_3">January 3</a>, <a title="1957" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1957">1957</a></td>

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<th>Preceded by</th>

<td><a title="Abraham A. Ribicoff" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_A._Ribicoff">Abraham A. Ribicoff</a></td>

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<th>Succeeded by</th>

<td><a title="Edwin H. May, Jr." href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwin_H.May,Jr.">Edwin H. May, Jr.</a></td>

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<td>May 15, 1907(1907-05-15)

<a title="Willimantic, Connecticut" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willimantic,_Connecticut" class="mw-redirect">Willimantic, Connecticut</a></td>

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<td>May 24, 1971 (aged 64)

<a title="Old Lyme, Connecticut" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Lyme,_Connecticut">Old Lyme, Connecticut</a></td>

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<th>Political party</th>

<td><a title="Democratic Party (United States)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_%28United_States%29">Democratic</a></td>

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<th>Spouse</th>

<td>Grace Murphy Dodd</td>

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<th><a title="Alma mater" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alma_mater">Alma mater</a></th>

<td><a title="Providence College" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Providence_College">Providence College</a>

<a title="Yale University" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_University">Yale University</a></td>

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<th>Religion</th>

<td><a title="Roman Catholic" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect">Roman Catholic</a></td>

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Thomas Joseph Dodd (<a title="May 15" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_15">May 15</a>, <a title="1907" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1907">1907</a> – <a title="May 24" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_24">May 24</a>, <a title="1971" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1971">1971</a>) was a <a title="United States" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States">United States</a> <a title="United States Senate" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate">Senator</a> and <a title="United States House of Representatives" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives">Representative</a> from <a title="Connecticut" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connecticut">Connecticut</a>, and the father of U.S. Senator <a title="Christopher Dodd" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Dodd">Christopher Dodd</a>.

<h2>[<a title="Edit section: Early life" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_J._Dodd&action=edit&section=1">edit</a>] Early life</h2>

Dodd was born in <a title="Norwich, Connecticut" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwich,Connecticut">Norwich</a>, <a title="New London County, Connecticut" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_London_County,Connecticut">New London County</a> to Abigail Margaret O'Sullivan and Thomas Joseph Dodd, a building contractor; all four of his grandparents were immigrants from <a title="Ireland" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ireland">Ireland</a>.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-0">[1]</a> He graduated from <a title="Providence College" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Providence_College">Providence College</a> in 1930 with a degree in philosophy, and from <a title="Yale University" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_University">Yale University</a> Law School in 1933. In 1934, Dodd married Grace Murphy of Westerly, Rhode Island. They had six children.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-DoddCtrBio-1">[2]</a>

He served as a special agent for the <a title="Federal Bureau of Investigation" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation">Federal Bureau of Investigation</a> in 1933 and 1934, the highlight of his career there being his participation in an unsuccessful trap set for famed gangster <a title="John Dillinger" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Dillinger">John Dillinger</a>.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-2">[3]</a> He was then Connecticut director of the <a title="National Youth Administration" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Youth_Administration">National Youth Administration</a> from 1935 to 1938. He was assistant to five successive <a title="United States Attorney General" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General">United States Attorneys General</a> (Homer Cummings, Frank Murphy, Robert Jackson, Francis Biddle, and Tom Clark) from 1938 to 1945.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-Barrett-3">[4]</a>

As a special agent for the Attorney General, Dodd was basically a trial-level federal prosecutor. He worked primarily on criminal and civil liberties cases, including the prosecution of the <a title="Ku Klux Klan" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan">Ku Klux Klan</a> in the 1930s.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-Barrett-3">[4]</a> In 1942 he was sent to Hartford to prosecute a major spy ring case in which five defendants were accused of violating the <a title="Espionage Act of 1917" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espionage_Act_of_1917">Espionage Act of 1917</a> by conspiring to gather and deliver U.S. Army, Navy and defense information to Germany or Japan. Four of the five pleaded guilty, but Dodd tried and won the conviction of the fifth, Reverend Kurt Emil Bruno Molzahn.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-4">[5]</a>

Dodd became vice chairman of the Board of Review and later executive trial counsel for the Office of the United States Chief of Counsel for the Prosecution of Axis Criminality at <a title="Nuremberg, Germany" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg,Germany" class="mw-redirect">Nuremberg, Germany</a>, in 1945 and 1946. He practiced law privately in <a title="Hartford, Connecticut" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartford,Connecticut">Hartford, Connecticut</a>, from 1947 to 1953.

<h2>[<a title="Edit section: Nuremberg Trials" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_J._Dodd&action=edit&section=2">edit</a>] Nuremberg Trials</h2>

Both Supreme Court Justice <a title="Robert H. Jackson" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_H.Jackson">Robert H. Jackson</a>, chief prosecutor for the U.S., and Dodd insisted upon a fair and legal trial to prosecute the Nazi war criminals. Dodd accepted Justice Jackson's offer to join him in Germany. Dodd expected the position to last only several months, but he wound up spending 15 months there. Dodd suggested <a title="Heidelberg" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heidelberg">Heidelberg</a> as the location for the <a title="International Military Tribunal" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Military_Tribunal" class="mw-redirect">International Military Tribunal</a>, since it had survived the war almost completely unscathed, but Nuremberg ended up being appropriate considering the Nazi leadership had signed its code into law in Nuremberg<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-5">[6]</a>. Nuremberg was in ruins. In October, 1945, Justice Jackson named Dodd to his senior Trial Board for the Nuremberg Trials, and later in 1946, named him Executive Trial Counsel, putting him in the number-two position at the trials. In the summer of 1946, Justice Jackson appointed Dodd as the acting Chief of Counsel while he returned to DC. Dodd finally returned to the U.S. in October 1946.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-Barrett-3">[4]</a> He described the delegation as "an autopsy on history's most horrible catalogue of human crime."<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-6">[7]</a>

Dodd was very involved with the trials and had a reputation for his tough cross examinations. Dodd cross-examined defendants Wilhelm Keitel, <a title="Alfred Rosenberg" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Rosenberg">Alfred Rosenberg</a>, <a title="Hans Frank" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Frank">Hans Frank</a>, <a title="Walther Funk" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walther_Funk">Walther Funk</a>, <a title="Baldur von Schirach" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baldur_von_Schirach">Baldur von Schirach</a>, Ernst Sauckel, and <a title="Arthur Seyss-Inquart" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Seyss-Inquart">Arthur Seyss-Inquart</a>. In addition to cross examining, Dodd drafted indictments against the defendants, showed films of concentration camps, provided evidence of slave labor programs, and presented evidence of economic preparations by the Nazis for an aggressive war.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_note-Barrett-3">[4]</a>

Dodd showed through his evidence that Ukrainian Overlord Eric Koch and defendant Polish Overlord Hans Frank were responsible for the plans to deport one million Poles for slave labor.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-7">[8]</a> Dodd also showed evidence that defendant Walther Funk turned the <a title="Reichsbank" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reichsbank">Reichsbank</a> into a depository for gold teeth and other valuables seized from the concentration camp victims. Dodd showed a motion picture of the vaults in Frankfurt where allied troops found cases of these valuables, containing dentures, earrings, silverware and candelabra.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-8">[9]</a> Dodd had a flair for drama and showed many gruesome items of evidence, such as a shrunken, stuffed and preserved human head of one of the concentration camp victims that had been used as a paperweight by the commandant of <a title="Buchenwald" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buchenwald" class="mw-redirect">Buchenwald</a> Concentration Camp.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_note-9">[10]</a>

Final pleas were made on <a title="August 31" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_31">August 31</a>, <a title="1946" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1946">1946</a>, and the Tribunal announced its judgment in September 1946. Dodd assisted the Allied prosecuting team of convicting all but 3 of the defendants.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-Barrett-3">[4]</a> Twenty of the 21 Nazis had claimed innocence, including <a title="Hermann Göring" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_G%C3%B6ring">Hermann Göring</a>, whom Dodd had charged with ordering Reinhardt Heydrich to kill the Jews.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-10">[11]</a> In addition to prosecuting the individual defendants, Dodd demanded in his summation to the Tribunal that all 6 of the indicted Nazi organizations be convicted of crimes against humanity, on the same grounds of the crimes against humanity ascribed to the individual defendants. These six organizations are the Leadership Corps, the Reich cabinet, the <a title="Gestapo" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gestapo">Gestapo</a>, The Storm Troops (SA), the Armed Forces, and the Elite Guard (SS). Dodd felt that these organizations should not escape liability on the grounds that they were too large, part of a political party, etc.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_note-11">[12]</a>

Dodd was given several awards in recognition of his work at the Nuremberg trials. Justice Jackson awarded him the Medal of Freedom in July 1946 and President Truman awarded him the Certificate of Merit, which Justice Jackson personally delivered to him in Hartford in the fall of 1946.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-Barrett-3">[4]</a> Dodd also received the Czechoslovak <a title="Order of the White Lion" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_the_White_Lion">Order of the White Lion</a>.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-DoddCtrBio-1">[2]</a> In 1949, the Polish government had intended to award Dodd with a badge of honor called the Officer's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta, but Dodd rejected the medal due to his commitment to human rights and views that the Polish government was imposing a tyranny similar to that imposed by the Nazis, and accepting an honor from the President of Poland would be like accepting one from the Nazis.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-12">[13]</a><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-13">[</a><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_note-13">14]</a>

<h2>[<a title="Edit section: Congress" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_J._Dodd&action=edit&section=3">edit</a>] Congress</h2>

Dodd was elected as a <a title="United States Democratic Party" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Democratic_Party" class="mw-redirect">Democrat</a> to the House of Representatives in 1952, and served two terms. He lost a Senate election in <a title="U.S. Senate election, 1956" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.Senate_election,1956" class="mw-redirect">1956</a> to <a title="Prescott S. Bush" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prescott_S.Bush" class="mw-redirect">Prescott S. Bush</a>, but was elected in <a title="U.S. Senate election, 1958" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.Senate_election,1958" class="mw-redirect">1958</a> to Connecticut's other Senate seat and then re-elected in <a title="U.S. Senate election, 1964" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.Senate_election,_1964" class="mw-redirect">1964</a>.

Before becoming a U.S. senator, Dodd was hired to lobby for Guatemala in the United States for $50,000 a year by Guatemalan dictator <a title="Carlos Castillo Armas" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Castillo_Armas">Carlos Castillo Armas</a>.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-14">[15]</a> According to the North American Congress on Latin America, Dodd "had perhaps the coziest relationship with the Castillo Armas government."<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-15">[16]</a> After a short trip to Guatemala in 1955, Dodd urged the House of Representatives to increase aid to the Central American country. Dodd's amendment passed and Guatemala received 15 million dollars of US aid in 1956.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_note-16">[17]</a>

As chairman of the <a title="Senate Subcommittee on Juvenile Delinquency" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senate_Subcommittee_on_Juvenile_Delinquency" class="mw-redirect">Senate Subcommittee on Juvenile Delinquency</a>, Dodd worked to restrict the purchase of <a title="Mail order" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mail_order">mail order</a> handguns, and later shotguns and rifles. These efforts culminated in the <a title="Gun Control Act of 1968" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gun_Control_Act_of_1968">Gun Control Act of 1968</a>, which Dodd introduced.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_note-17">[18]</a>

Recently, with the discovery and publication of a letter from the Library of Congress to Senator Dodd from July 1968 confirming his request to have a series of Nazi laws translated from documents provided by Senator Dodd<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-18">[19]</a>, controversy has arisen as to how much of the Gun Control Act of 1968 was taken directly from gun registration laws enacted and enforced by the Nazis in Germany and areas under Nazi control.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-19">[20]</a> It is believed that Senator Dodd obtained copies of the Nazi laws while serving as a prosecutor at Nuremberg.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_note-20">[21]</a>

In 1967 he was <a title="Censure in the United States" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Censure_in_the_United_States#Senatorial_censures">censured</a> by the Senate for using campaign funds for personal purposes.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-21">[22]</a> <a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-22">[23]</a>Beyond the Senate Ethics Committee's formal disciplinary action, other sources (such as investigative journalist Drew Pearson and Jack Anderson's Congress in Crisis) suggest Dodd's corruption was far broader in scope.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-23">[24]</a> In <a title="U.S. Senate election, 1970" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.Senate_election,1970" class="mw-redirect">1970</a>, after suffering a heart attack, he chose not to run for re-election for the Senate, and the Democrats nominated <a title="Joseph Duffey" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Duffey">Joseph Duffey</a> to replace him. However, Dodd entered the race after the primary as an Independent. Taking just under a quarter of the vote, both he and Duffey lost to <a title="Lowell P. Weicker, Jr." href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lowell_P.Weicker,_Jr.">Lowell Weicker</a>.

<h2>[<a title="Edit section: Death" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_J._Dodd&action=edit&section=4">edit</a>] Death</h2>

Months after his defeat, Dodd died from a <a title="Myocardial infarction" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myocardial_infarction">heart attack</a> at his home. His son <a title="Christopher Dodd" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Dodd">Christopher Dodd</a> was elected to the Senate as a Connecticut Democrat in <a title="U.S. Senate election, 1980" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.Senate_election,1980" class="mw-redirect">1980</a>.

<a title="Thomas J. Dodd Memorial Stadium" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd_Memorial_Stadium" class="mw-redirect">Thomas J. Dodd Memorial Stadium</a> in <a title="Norwich, Connecticut" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwich,Connecticut">Norwich</a> was named in his honor.

In 1995, The Thomas J. Dodd Research Center was established at the <a title="University of Connecticut" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Connecticut">University of Connecticut</a>. The Thomas J. Dodd Research Center or Dodd Research Center houses the Human Rights Institute, Archives & Special Collections for the University of Connecticut Libraries, and the Center for Judaic Studies at the <a title="University of Connecticut" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Connecticut">University of Connecticut</a>.<a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_note-24">[25]</a>

In 2003, the <a title="University of Connecticut" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Connecticut">University of Connecticut</a> established the <a title="Thomas J. Dodd Prize in International Justice and Human Rights" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd_Prize_in_International_Justice_and_Human_Rights">Thomas J. Dodd Prize in International Justice and Human Rights</a><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-25">[26]</a>

<h2>[<a title="Edit section: Portrayal in popular culture" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_J._Dodd&action=edit&section=5">edit</a>] Portrayal in popular culture</h2>

Thomas J. Dodd has been portrayed by the following actors in film, television and theater productions;

<ul>

<li><a title="Hrothgar Mathews (page does not exist)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hrothgar_Mathews&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new">Hrothgar Mathews</a> in the 2000 Canadian/U.S. T.V. production <a title="Nuremberg (2000 film)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg%282000_film%29">Nuremberg</a><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-imdb1-26">[27]</a></li>

<li><a title="Rupert Vansittart" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rupert_Vansittart">Rupert Vansittart</a> in the 2006 British television docudrama <a title="Nuremberg: Nazis on Trial" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg:Nazis_on_Trial">Nuremberg: Nazis on Trial</a><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_note-imdb2-27">[28]</a></li>

</ul>

<a title="Protest song" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protest_song">Protest singer</a> <a title="Phil Ochs" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phil_Ochs">Phil Ochs</a> references Dodd in his song "Draft Dodger Rag": "I believe in God and Senator Dodd and keeping old <a title="Fidel Castro" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fidel_Castro">Castro</a> down."

<h2>[<a title="Edit section: External links" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_J._Dodd&action=edit&section=6">edit</a>] External links</h2>

<ul>

<li><a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=20742" href="http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=20742" class="external text">Thomas J. Dodd</a> at <a title="Find A Grave" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Find_A_Grave">Find A Grave</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" title="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=D000390" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=D000390" class="external text">Thomas J. Dodd</a> at the <a title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></li>

</ul>

<h2>[<a title="Edit section: Footnotes" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_J._Dodd&action=edit&section=7">edit</a>] Footnotes</h2>

<li id="cite_note-0"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFBattle" class="web" >Battle, Robert. <a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.wargs.com/political/dodd.html" href="http://www.wargs.com/political/dodd.html" class="external text">"The Ancestors of Chris Dodd"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.wargs.com/political/dodd.html" href="http://www.wargs.com/political/dodd.html" class="external free">http://www.wargs.com/political/dodd.html</a>. Retrieved on 2007-09-04.</cite> </li>

<li id="cite_note-DoddCtrBio-1">^ <a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_ref-DoddCtrBio_1-0">a</a> <a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_ref-DoddCtrBio_1-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.lib.uconn.edu/online/research/speclib/ASC/exhibits/humanspirit/partone.html" href="http://www.lib.uconn.edu/online/research/speclib/ASC/exhibits/humanspirit/partone.html" class="external text"><cite class="web" >"Thomas J. Dodd, 1907-1971"</cite></a><cite class="web" >. Thomas J. Dodd Research Center. <a title="University of Connecticut" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Connecticut">University of Connecticut</a>. <a title="2006" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006">2006</a>-<a title="December 23" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_23">12-23</a>. <a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.lib.uconn.edu/online/research/speclib/ASC/exhibits/humanspirit/partone.html" href="http://www.lib.uconn.edu/online/research/speclib/ASC/exhibits/humanspirit/partone.html" class="external free">http://www.lib.uconn.edu/online/research/speclib/ASC/exhibits/humanspirit/partone.html</a>. Retrieved on 2007-09-04.</cite> </li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-2">^</a> Dodd, Thomas in American National Biography, American Council of Learned Societies, 2000.</li>

<li id="cite_note-Barrett-3">^ <a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_ref-Barrett_3-0">a</a> <a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_ref-Barrett_3-1">b</a> <a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_ref-Barrett_3-2">c</a> <a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_ref-Barrett_3-3">d</a> <a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_ref-Barrett_3-4">e</a> <a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_ref-Barrett_3-5">f</a> <cite id="CITEREFBarrett2005" class="web" >Barrett, John Q. (March 2005). <a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.roberthjackson.org/documents/RHJDoddtexttoSCHS.pdf" href="http://www.roberthjackson.org/documents/RHJDoddtexttoSCHS.pdf" class="external text">"From Justice Jackson to Thomas J. Dodd to Nuremberg"</a> (pdf). <a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.roberthjackson.org/documents/RHJDoddtexttoSCHS.pdf" href="http://www.roberthjackson.org/documents/RHJDoddtexttoSCHS.pdf" class="external free">http://www.roberthjackson.org/documents/RHJDoddtexttoSCHS.pdf</a>. Retrieved on 2007-09-04.</cite> </li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-4">^</a> <a title="Associated Press" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associated_Press"><cite id="CITEREF.5B.5BAssociated_Press.5D.5D" class="news" >Associated Press</cite></a><cite id="CITEREF.5B.5BAssociated_Press.5D.5D" class="news" > (<a title="1942" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1942">1942</a>-<a title="August 15" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_15">08-15</a>). "Prosecutor Calls Kunze Liar and Nazi at Molzahn Trial". p. 4.</cite> </li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J.Dodd#cite_ref-5">^</a> <a title="Chris Dodd" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Dodd" class="mw-redirect"><cite >Dodd, Chris</cite></a><cite >. <a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.senate.gov/_{dodd/press/Speeches/109_05/0215.htm}" href="http://www.senate.gov/%7Edodd/press/Speeches/109_05/0215.htm" class="external text">"Prosecuting The Peace Of The World: The Experiences Of Thomas J. Dodd At The International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg, Germany, 1945-46"</a> <a title="United States Supreme Court" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect">United States Supreme Court</a>, <a title="Washington, D.C." href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> (<a title="2005" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005">2005</a>-<a title="February 15" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_15">02-15</a>). Retrieved on 2007-09-04.</cite></li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-6">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFBoyd1968" class="book" >Boyd, James (1968). Above the Law. The Rise and Fall of Senator Thomas J. Dodd. New York: The New American Library. p. 12. <a title="Online Computer Library Center" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" title="http://worldcat.org/oclc/233961" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/233961" class="external text">233961</a>.</cite> </li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-7">^</a> <cite class="news" >"Ukraine Murder Chief Still Hunted by Allies". <a title="Los Angeles Times" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times">Los Angeles Times</a>: p. 4. <a title="1945" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1945">1945</a>-<a title="December 12" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_12">12-12</a>.</cite> </li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-8">^</a> <cite class="news" >"Funk Claims Aides Handled ‘Stained’ Gold". <a title="The Washington Post" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post">The Washington Post</a>: p. 2. <a title="1946" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1946">1946</a>-<a title="May 8" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_8">05-08</a>.</cite> </li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-9">^</a> <cite class="episode" >"[<a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/nuremberg/index.html/|The" href="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/nuremberg/index.html/%7CThe" class="external text">Nuremberg Trials</a>]". <a title="American Experience" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Experience">American Experience</a>. <a title="Public Broadcasting System" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_System" class="mw-redirect">PBS</a>. 2006-01-30. No. 6, season 18. <a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/nuremberg/filmmore/pt.html" href="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/nuremberg/filmmore/pt.html" class="external text">Transcript</a>.</cite></li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-10">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFMcLaughlin" class="news" >McLaughlin, Kathleen (<a title="1946" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1946">1946</a>-<a title="September 1" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_1">09-01</a>). "20 of 21 Nazis Claim Innocence As Nuremberg Trial Is Concluded". <a title="The New York Times" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times">The New York Times</a>: p. 1.</cite> </li>

<li id="cite_note-11"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-11">^</a> <cite class="news" >"Convictions Asked for 6 Nazi Groups". <a title="The New York Times" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times">The New York Times</a>: p. 5. <a title="1946" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1946">1946</a>-<a title="August 30" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_30">08-30</a>.</cite> </li>

<li id="cite_note-12"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-12">^</a> <cite class="news" >"Rejects Polish Badge of Honor as a Dishonor". <a title="Chicago Tribune" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Tribune">Chicago Daily Tribune</a>: p. 8. <a title="1949" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1949">1949</a>-<a title="April 26" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_26">04-26</a>.</cite> </li>

<li id="cite_note-13"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-13">^</a> <cite class="news" >"Nazi Trial Prosecutor Rejects Polish Medal". <a title="The Washington Post" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post">The Washington Post</a>: p. 13. <a title="1949" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1949">1949</a>-<a title="April 26" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_26">04-26</a>.</cite> </li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-14">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFGerassi1966" class="book" >Gerassi, John (1966) [1965]. The Great Fear in Latin America. New York: Collier Books. p. 183. <a title="Online Computer Library Center" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" title="http://worldcat.org/oclc/17447442" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/17447442" class="external text">17447442</a>.</cite> </li>

<li id="cite_note-15"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-15">^</a> North American Congress on Latin America. "Guatemala", North American Congress on Latin America, Berkeley, 1974, p. 84-85.</li>

<li id="cite_note-17"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-17">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFZimring1975" class="" >Zimring, Franklin E. (1975). "<a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.saf.org/LawReviews/Zimring68.htm" href="http://www.saf.org/LawReviews/Zimring68.htm" class="external text">Firearms and Federal Law: The Gun Control Act of 1968</a>". <a title="The Journal of Legal Studies" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Journal_of_Legal_Studies">The Journal of Legal Studies</a> 4: 133. <a title="Digital object identifier" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" title="http://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F467528" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F467528" class="external text">10.1086/467528</a>. <a title="Online Computer Library Center" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1754648" href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1754648" class="external text">1754648</a>. <a title="International Standard Serial Number" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" title="http://worldcat.org/issn/0047-2530" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0047-2530" class="external text">0047-2530</a>. <a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.saf.org/LawReviews/Zimring68.htm" href="http://www.saf.org/LawReviews/Zimring68.htm" class="external free">http://www.saf.org/LawReviews/Zimring68.htm</a>. Retrieved on 2007-03-13.</cite> </li>

<li id="cite_note-18"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-18">^</a> Letter from Lewis C. Coffin (Law Librarian, Library of Congress) to the Honorable Thomas J. Dodd, July 18, 1968, <a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.jpfo.org/images02/handbill-thomasdodd.jpg" href="http://www.jpfo.org/images02/handbill-thomasdodd.jpg" class="external free">http://www.jpfo.org/images02/handbill-thomasdodd.jpg</a></li>

<li id="cite_note-19"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-19">^</a> Zelman, Aaron, "GCA '68: What Your Politician Never Told You," Jews for the Preservation of Firearms Ownership (<a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.jpfo.org/common-sense/cs34.htm" href="http://www.jpfo.org/common-sense/cs34.htm" class="external free">http://www.jpfo.org/common-sense/cs34.htm</a>)</li>

<li id="cite_note-20"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-20">^</a> Knox, Neal, "JPFO Proves Me Wrong: The 1968 Gun Control Act mirrors the Nazi gun laws of 1938," Neal Knox Report (<a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.hackcanada.com/blackcrawl/patriot/gun_laws_and_nazis_1.txt" href="http://www.hackcanada.com/blackcrawl/patriot/gun_laws_and_nazis_1.txt" class="external free">http://www.hackcanada.com/blackcrawl/patriot/gun_laws_and_nazis_1.txt</a>)</li>

<li id="cite_note-22"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-22">^</a> [<a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.upi.com/Audio/Year_in_Review/Events-of-1967/Elections/12303074818188-11/" href="http://www.upi.com/Audio/Year_in_Review/Events-of-1967/Elections/12303074818188-11/" class="external free">http://www.upi.com/Audio/Year_in_Review/Events-of-1967/Elections/12303074818188-11/</a> "1967 Year In Review, UPI.com"</li>

<li id="cite_note-23"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-23">^</a> The Case against Congress: A Compelling Indictment of Corruption on Capitol Hill, by Drew Pearson and Jack Anderson, New York: Simon and Schuster, 1968</li>

<li id="cite_note-24"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-24">^</a> Dodd Center Website, <a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.lib.uconn.edu/online/research/speclib/ASC/about/about.htm" href="http://www.lib.uconn.edu/online/research/speclib/ASC/about/about.htm" class="external free">http://www.lib.uconn.edu/online/research/speclib/ASC/about/about.htm</a></li>

<li id="cite_note-25"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-25">^</a> Dodd Prize website, <a rel="nofollow" title="http://doddprize.uconn.edu/about.htm" href="http://doddprize.uconn.edu/about.htm" class="external free">http://doddprize.uconn.edu/about.htm</a></li>

<li id="cite_note-imdb1-26"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-imdb1_26-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0208629/" href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0208629/" class="external text"><cite class="web" >"Nuremberg (2000) (TV)"</cite></a><cite class="web" >. <a title="IMDb.com" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMDb.com" class="mw-redirect">IMDb.com</a>. <a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0208629/" href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0208629/" class="external free">http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0208629/</a>. Retrieved on May 20.</cite> </li>

<li id="cite_note-imdb2-27"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Dodd#cite_ref-imdb2_27-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0814234/" href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0814234/" class="external text"><cite class="web" >"Nuremberg: Nazis on Trial (2006) (TV)"</cite></a><cite class="web" >. <a title="IMDb.com" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMDb.com" class="mw-redirect">IMDb.com</a>. <a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0814234/" href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0814234/" class="external free">http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0814234/</a>. Retrieved on May 20, 2008.</cite></li>

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</div>

Thomas J. Dodd

Attachments