Grape seed oil
<p><b>Grape seed oil</b> (also called <b>grapeseed oil</b> or <b>grape oil</b>) is pressed from the seeds of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitis_vinifera" title="Vitis vinifera">grapes</a>, and is thus an abundant <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/By-product" title="By-product">by-product</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winemaking" title="Winemaking">winemaking</a>.</p>
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The properties of grape seed oil provide health benefits when consumed. A 1993 study supports the claim that grape seed oil increases <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-density_lipoprotein" title="High-density lipoprotein">high-density lipoprotein</a> (HDL-C or "good cholesterol") levels and reduces <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-density_lipoprotein" title="Low-density lipoprotein">LDL</a> levels.<sup id="cite_ref-Nash_2-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grape_seed_oil#cite_note-Nash-2">[2]</a></sup>
Although grape seeds contain <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antioxidant" title="Antioxidant">antioxidants</a> and other biologically active compounds,<sup id="cite_ref-Joshi2001_3-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grape_seed_oil#cite_note-Joshi2001-3">[3]</a></sup> the cold-pressed grape seed oil contains negligible amounts due to their insolubility in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid">lipids</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Nakamura2003_4-0" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grape_seed_oil#cite_note-Nakamura2003-4">[4]</a></sup> For instance, sufficiently high amounts of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resveratrol" title="Resveratrol">resveratrol</a> occur in grape seed for it to be extracted commercially,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grape_seed_oil#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup> yet it is almost entirely absent in the grape seed oil. Consumption of chardonnay grape seed <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procyanidin" title="Procyanidin">procyanidin</a> extract has also been found to prevent high-fat diet-induced <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity" title="Obesity">obesity</a> in hamsters by improving <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adipokine" title="Adipokine">adipokine</a> imbalance and oxidative stress markers.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grape_seed_oil#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup></p>