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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div><div><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://usrtk.org/bill-gates/radical-menu/">https://usrtk.org/bill-gates/radical-menu/</a></font></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">no lnx many</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;"><b>Bill Gates’ radical menu for food systems: ultra-processed foods, patents, monocrops</b></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Posted: May 26, 2021 by Stacy Malkan</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">If Bill Gates has his way, the food in our future will little resemble what’s on our plates today. Gates and his agribusiness industry partners are proposing to transform our food and how it is produced.</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">To the techno-food industrialists, hunger and climate change are problems to be solved with data and engineering. The core ingredients of their revolutionary plan: genetic engineering — and patenting — of everything from seeds and food animals, to microbes in the soil, to the processes we use to make food. Local food cultures and traditional diets could fade away as food production moves indoors to labs that cultivate fake meat and ultra-processed foods.</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><b>Gates says rich countries should shift entirely to synthetic beef.&nbsp;</b>And he has the intellectual property rights to sell them. As a food that can help fix the climate, Gates touts the Impossible Burger, a plant-based patty made from genetically engineered soy and textured with engineered yeast. Its manufacturer, the Gates-funded Impossible Foods, has two dozen patents and more than 100 patents pending to artificially replicate cheese, beef and chicken and permeate these products with manufactured flavors, scents and textures.</span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Ginkgo Bioworks, a Gates-backed start-up that makes “custom organisms,” just went public in a $17.5 billion deal. The company uses its “cell programming” technology to genetically engineer flavors and scents into commercial strains of engineered yeast and bacteria to create “natural” ingredients, including vitamins, amino acids, enzymes and flavors for ultra-processed foods.</span>&nbsp;According to its investor presentation, Ginkgo plans to create up to 20,000 engineered “cell programs” (it now has five) for food products and many other uses. Axios reports that the company plans to charge customers to use its “biological platform” like Amazon charges for its data center, and will take royalties like apps in the Apple Store. Ginkgo’s customers, the investor pitch makes clear, are not consumers or farmers, but rather the world’s largest chemical, food and pharmaceutical companies.</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">If techno-food products are not high on most consumers’ shopping lists, this is a menu investors can get behind. The market for genetically engineered products has the potential to reach&nbsp;<b>$2-4 trillion in the next 20 years</b>. And Bill and Melinda Gates are positioned to reap the rewards. The Gates back “a multitude of agrifood tech startups,” reports AgFunder News, either through private investment vehicles or through the Gates Foundation Trust, which funds the foundation’s charitable activities.</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Gates and the tech start-ups pitch their products as solutions for our most challenging environmental and social issues. But are they really?</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Doubling down on monocultures</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Gates’ “winning strategy for food and farming,” according to a Fortune magazine article by Shawn Tully, “is finding ways for farmers to produce more corn and soybeans on every acre … while substantially lowering carbon emissions.” Gates believes that “genetically modified seeds and chemical herbicides, in the right doses – and not land-intensive organic farming – are crucial to curbing carbon emissions.”</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Since 2006, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation has spent over $5 billion on efforts totransform African agriculture; its flagship program, the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa, works totransition farmers to high-input industrial agriculture and scale up markets for commercial seeds and agrichemicals. Gates says these methods can boost production and lift farmers out of poverty.</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Many critics, including African faith leaders and hundreds of civil society groups around the world, say the foundation’s agricultural development strategies are failing to deliver on promises and benefitting multinational corporations over small farmers and communities in Africa. The foundation did not respond to our requests for comment.</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">“Gates has influenced the direction of agriculture to benefit the corporates,” said Million Belay, coordinator of Alliance for Food Sovereignty in Africa (AFSA), a coalition of 50 Africa-based groups. “His foundation has contributed hugely in weakening our seed, biosafety and agrochemical related regulations … it will take years to undo what they have done.”</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Gates also influences how governments and academic institutions think about the future of agriculture in Africa, Belay said. “The narrative now is you need to use agrichemicals, high-yield varieties, GMOs and a host of other farm management techniques to feed yourself,” he said. “It will also take years to convince our elites the future is agroecology. As one of the most rich and powerful people on the planet, the doors of our governments are open (to Gates) while it is ajar for African citizens. He has to be called out and has to change direction.”</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Leading experts in food security and nutrition are calling for a paradigm shift away from green revolution-style industrial agriculture and toward agroecology, which promotes biodiversity instead of monocultures, integrates animals to rebuild soils, and advocates for political and economic reforms to address inequities and social divisions. Diversified agroecological systems are more resilient, they say, and have a greater capacity to recover from disturbances including extreme weather events, pests and disease.</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><b>Recent science suggests that chemical-intensive industrial agriculture is a key driver of climate change, soil erosion and the worldwide decline of insects.&nbsp;</b>Corn and soy monocultures are especially problematic; they deplete the soil and rely on synthetic fertilizers that emit nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas 300 times more powerful than carbon dioxide at warming the atmosphere. These are problems Bill Gates is hoping technology can fix.</span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">A climate solution?</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Fortune describes Gates’ plans to intensify corn and soy production as a “pivotal campaign in the war against global warming.” How so?&nbsp;<b>Syngenta, the world’s second largest agrichemical company, is “deploying big data, gene editing, DNA analysis, and other groundbreaking technologies in pursuit of growing bumper harvests while lowering CO2<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">.”</span></b><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Bayer, the leading chemical and seed firm, is making a similar pitch,</span>&nbsp;and claims its new sustainability technologies will “empower 100 million smallholder farmers around the world.”</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;"><b>For 30 years, agrichemical companies promised GMOs could feed the poor and help small farmers, but it hasn’t yet worked out that way.</b>Most GMO crops in the ground today areengineered to survive weed-killing chemicals or kill insects. While these crops provided short-term benefits to farmers, they provided no benefits to consumers, nor did they deliver on promises to boost yields, but they did increase herbicide use. Evidence now indicates the crops are failing as weeds and bugs evolve around the technology.</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">As a solution to meet the climate crisis, and enable “sustainable intensification” of industrial agriculture, Gates and Bayer point to experimental projects to genetically engineer microbes to fix nitrogen to plants. “If these approaches work,” Gates writes in his climate book, “they’ll dramatically reduce the need for fertilizer and all the emissions it’s responsible for.” In 2017, Ginkgo Bioworks teamed up with Bayer to launch JoynBio, a microbe company that is working to create self-fertilizing plants.</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">
</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">This, too, is a promise Bayer has made before.As far back as 1897, Bayer promoted a product that could reportedly assimilate atmospheric nitrogen, according to Mark Finlay, a history professor at Armstrong Atlantic State University. Bayer said its product could “conceivably make all agricultural lands permanently fertile,” Finlay wrote in a 2015 book about the history of agriculture. “Although early results were disappointing, many popular press writers hailed the potential of this discovery.”</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">
</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">GMO 2.0: genome-editing</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Gates is an evangelist for genetically engineered foods. He predicts that “GMOs will end starvation in Africa” and GMOs can “end world hunger by 2030.” If the first generation of GMO crops failed to deliver on these hopes, Gates believes new genetic engineering methods will get us there.</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">
</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">With CRISPR-Cas9 and other “genome-editing” techniques, scientists can nowadd or delete strands of DNA, or turn genes on or off, to produce specific traits in plants or animals — as if writing computer code. Examples include mushrooms that are “edited” to resist browning, “terminator cattle” bred to father only male offspring, or harmless strains of E Coli converted to antioxidant factories.</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Gene-editing techniques, and especially CRISPR, are efficient but unpredictable. Studies show the CRISPR process can create unexpected mutations including DNA damage and other off-target effects.In 2019, a plan to release CRISPR-edited “hornless cows” to Brazil was scrapped after a U.S. government researcher discovered the cattle had two antibiotic-resistance genes that weren’t supposed to be there. The Recombinetics, Inc. cows were the “poster animals of the gene-editing revolution,” according to MIT Technology Review, until the “major screw-up in their DNA” came to light.The company’s researchers missed the extra DNA in their own studies; they reported, incorrectly, that the animals were “free of off-target effects.”</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Genetic engineering, including genome-editing, “has unpredictable outcomes,” says Michael Antoniou, a molecular geneticist at King’s College in London. “You don’t know in advance what the consequences are of the GM transformation process … and because you don’t know, the only way to evaluate safety is generically,” Antoiniou said. “You basically need to conduct a long term feeding trial in animals and see what happens … and that’s just not going on anywhere in the world for regulatory purposes, at all.”</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Nevertheless, experiments continue on important crops and food animals. Gates Foundation has spent over $40 million on projects to genetically engineer dairy cows, with hopes of creating the “perfect” cow. Acceligen (a division of Recombinetics) is working with a Gates Foundation grant to engineer multiple traits into dairy cows to maximize productivity and durability in hot climates.</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">The foundation is also a leading funder of gene drive experiments that can force an engineered trait through a species. This month in the Florida Keys, the Gates Foundation-backed company Oxitec released 144,000 mosquitos engineered to eliminate females in a disease-carrying species (while not technically a gene drive this is seen as a precursor experiment). Proposed agricultural uses for gene drives include reversing herbicide tolerance in plants, suppressing weeds and eradicating agricultural pests.What could possibly go wrong?</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">
</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Systemic risk</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">One of the world’s foremost experts on probability and uncertainty, Nassim Taleb, considered that question — What could go wrong with GMOs? — for a 2014 paper he wrote with colleagues at the New York University School of Engineering. The authors analyzed GMOs in the context of what they called a “non-naive” view of the Precautionary Principle. They concluded: “GMOs represent a public risk of global harm” and should be subject to “severe limits.”</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">The Precautionary Principle states that if an action has a suspected risk of causing severe harm to the public domain, the action should not be taken in the absence of scientific near-certainty about its safety. The authors believe it “should be evoked only in extreme situations” when the potential harm is systemic and the consequences widespread and irreversible; they said GMOs “fall squarely” within this criteria.</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;"><b>Among the systemic risks they cited:&nbsp;</b>GMOs have the propensity to spread uncontrollably, with irreversible system-wide effects and unknown downsides. The ecological impacts are not tested empirically — and therefore not understood — before the technologies are released. The researchers noted two factors that contribute to systemic risk: the engineered genetic modifications and the monocultures in which they grow.</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">“Instead of a long history of evolutionary selection, these modifications rely not just on naive engineering strategies that do not appropriately consider risk in complex environments, but also explicitly reductionist approaches that ignore unintended consequences,” the researchers said.”Labeling the GMO approach “scientific” betrays a verypoor—indeed warped—understanding of probabilisticpayoffs and risk management.”</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Taleb summed up their conclusions in a 2015 New York Times op-ed: “The GMO experiment, carried out in real time and with our entire food and ecological system as its laboratory, is perhaps the greatest case of human hubris ever. It creates yet another systemic, ‘too big too fail’ enterprise — but one for which no bailouts will be possible when it fails.”</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">
</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Ginkgo Bioworks investor pitch</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Monopoly Bill</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">If Gates’ plans for the food system make little sense from an equity or ecological perspective, they are logical from the point of view of an economic monopolist.</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">“As the former CEO and largest shareholder of Microsoft, you might think that Bill Gates is a capitalist, but that’s not exactly the case,” Megan Tompkins-Stange, a scholar of philanthropy at University of Michigan, told The Ink. “Gates’ version of capitalism would better be called monopolistic. He has consistently sought to distort free markets in order to advance his own corporation’s accumulation of wealth, power, and preeminence.”</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">These ideologies led to the recent controversy over Covid-19 vaccines, in which Gates’ insistence on patents may have impeded vaccine access for the world’s poor. The incident raised concerns about the powerful influence Gates wields over vital issues involving public health. As Timothy Schwab wrote in The Nation, “It is increasingly urgent to ask if Gates’s multiple roles in the pandemic — as a charity, a business, an investor, and a lobbyist — are about philanthropy and giving away money, or about taking control and exercising power — monopoly power.”</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Gates is playing all the same roles in our food system. “Gates has placed his investment bets in many of the key places in this emerging corporate narrative about what the food system needs: gene drives, geoengineering, fake meat, digital agriculture, carbon sequestration,” says Jim Thomas from the ETC Group, which investigates corporate concentration in the food industry. “Clearly he is set to benefit from these changes, plus his Foundation funding supports all this.”</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Agribusiness companies are deploying digital apps on farms around the world to gather data on all aspects of farming: soil health, product inputs, weather, cropping patterns and more, including genetic information on the world’s most important seeds and livestock and knowledge indigenous farmers have developed over thousands of years. All this data tobe owned and controlled by corporations, run through AI algorithms, and sold back to farmers with “prescriptions” for how to farm and which corporate products to buy, with little transparency or explanation.</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Thehyper-consolidated food and agriculture system has already brought numerous negative consequences to farmers and consumers. A 2019 report by the International Panel of Experts on Sustainable Food Systems documents how corporate concentration has squeezed farmer incomes, eroded their choices, narrowed the scope of innovation and escalated public health and environmental risks. The corporate drive to control Big Data, IPES said, “stands to exacerbate existing power imbalances, dependencies, and barriers to entry across the agri-food sector.”</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">
</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Gates Ag One</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Impatient with the creeping progress of the techno-food revolution, the Gates Foundation last year launched a new tax-exempt nonprofit that “seeks to accelerate the development of innovations supported by the foundation’s Agricultural Development team” in two of the fastest-growing regions in the world: sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">The new “ag tech startup” will “work with partners from the public and private sector to commercialize resilient, yield-enhancing seeds and traits.” It is located in St. Louis, Missouri, former home of Monsanto and current hub of leading chemical and seed firms, and headed up by Joe Cornelius, the former managing director of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition at Bayer CropSciences.As if to underscore that uniformity and centralized control are core goals of the effort, the new nonprofit is called “Gates Ag One.”</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">
</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Farm of the future?</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;"><b><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">In 2019, Cargill (a partner of Ginkgo Bioworks)</span> opened a $50 million factory in Lincoln, Nebraska</b>. The plant manufactures EverSweet, a substance that tastes like the sweetener stevia. To produce it, Cargill combines genetically engineered yeast with sugar molecules to mimic the taste of stevia.</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Consumers would not know this by reading the website or looking at the package; the company artfully describes the process as a “centuries-old technique” involving “fermentation.” It markets EverSweet as “non-artificial.”</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Cargill also pitches the product as “sustainably produced,” presumably because it moves stevia production off the land, in places like Paraguay where small farmers have been cultivating stevia for generations. But the feedstock for engineered foods made in Cargill’s new plant has to come from somewhere. Cargill would not tell us what it uses for feedstock, but the factory’s’ location in Nebraska offers a clue: it is surrounded by monocrops of GMO corn and soy.</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Read more at USRTK:</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">What’s the controversy over the 2021 UN Food Systems Summit?</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">The Gates Foundation’s “failing” green revolution in Africa</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Is Cargill’s new GMO stevia plant the “farm” of the future?</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Why is the Gates Foundation funding propaganda campaign at Cornell?</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">More info:</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">The Long Food Movement: Transforming Food Systems by 2045, report by International Panel of Experts on Sustainable Food Systems and ETC Group (3.30.21)</p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;">Tagged Bayer Bill Gates Bill Gates menu climate Gates Foundation gene drives genome editing Ginkgo Bioworks GMO JoynBio monopoly systemic risk</p><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=&nbsp;</font></div></div><div><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"></font></p><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">human rights</font></p><p><a href="https://www.scotusblog.com/case-files/cases/nestle-u-s-a-inc-v-doe/"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">https://www.scotusblog.com/case-files/cases/nestle-u-s-a-inc-v-doe/</font></a></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></p><h1 times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" serif="serif" vertical-align="vertical-align" baseline="baseline" margin="margin" px="px" padding="padding" clear="clear" both="both" color="color" rgb="rgb" display="display" inline="inline" style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; border: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.5em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Nestlé U.S.A., Inc. v. Doe</font></h1><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span helvetica="Helvetica" neue="Neue" arial="Arial" sans-serif="sans-serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb">&nbsp;</span><span class="case-status" helvetica="Helvetica" neue="Neue" arial="Arial" sans-serif="sans-serif" vertical-align="vertical-align" baseline="baseline" margin="margin" px="px" padding="padding" display="display" inline="inline" color="color" rgb="rgb" style="border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;">Petition for certiorari denied on January 11, 2016</span><span helvetica="Helvetica" neue="Neue" arial="Arial" sans-serif="sans-serif" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb" /></font></p><div class="hr" helvetica="Helvetica" neue="Neue" arial="Arial" sans-serif="sans-serif" vertical-align="vertical-align" baseline="baseline" margin="margin" em="em" px="px" padding="padding" clear="clear" both="both" color="color" rgb="rgb" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><table id="date-docket" helvetica="Helvetica" neue="Neue" arial="Arial" sans-serif="sans-serif" vertical-align="vertical-align" baseline="baseline" margin="margin" px="px" padding="padding" border-collapse="border-collapse" collapse="collapse" border-spacing="border-spacing" color="color" rgb="rgb" style="border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5em;"><colgroup><col width="85px;" /><col width="85px;" /><col width="85px;" /><col width="85px;" /><col width="70px;" /><col width="85px;" /><col width="85px;" /></colgroup><thead style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><tr style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><th align="left" style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Docket No.</font></th><th align="left" style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Op. 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font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Term</font></th></tr></thead><tbody style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><tr style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.supremecourt.gov/docketfiles/15-349.htm" style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">15-349</font></a></td><td style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="https://casetext.com/case/doe-v-nestle-usa?ref=Sb!7elzRe" target="blank" rel="nofollow" style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">9th Cir.</font></a></td><td style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">N/A</font></td><td style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">N/A</font></td><td style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">N/A</font></td><td style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">N/A</font></td><td style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="https://www.scotusblog.com/case-files/terms/ot2015" style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">OT 2015</font></a></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="hr" helvetica="Helvetica" neue="Neue" arial="Arial" sans-serif="sans-serif" vertical-align="vertical-align" baseline="baseline" margin="margin" em="em" px="px" padding="padding" clear="clear" both="both" color="color" rgb="rgb" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><p helvetica="Helvetica" neue="Neue" arial="Arial" sans-serif="sans-serif" vertical-align="vertical-align" baseline="baseline" margin="margin" px="px" em="em" padding="padding" color="color" rgb="rgb" style="border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Issue</span>: (1) Whether a defendant is subject to suit under the Alien Tort Statute for aiding and abetting another person's alleged violation of the law of nations based on allegations that the defendant intended to pursue a legitimate business objective while knowing (but not intending) that the objective could be advanced by the other person's violation of international law; (2) whether the “focus” test of&nbsp;<i style="border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/09pdf/08-1191.pdf" style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Morrison v. National Australian Bank, Ltd.</a></i>&nbsp;governs whether a proposed application of the Alien Tort Statute would be impermissibly extraterritorial under&nbsp;<i style="border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/12pdf/10-1491_l6gn.pdf" style="border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Kiobel v. Royal Dutch Petroleum Co.</a></i>; and (3) whether there is a well-defined international-law consensus that corporations are subject to liability for violations of the law of nations.</font></p><p helvetica="Helvetica" neue="Neue" arial="Arial" sans-serif="sans-serif" vertical-align="vertical-align" baseline="baseline" margin="margin" px="px" em="em" padding="padding" color="color" rgb="rgb" style="border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">---</font></p><p helvetica="Helvetica" neue="Neue" arial="Arial" sans-serif="sans-serif" vertical-align="vertical-align" baseline="baseline" margin="margin" px="px" em="em" padding="padding" color="color" rgb="rgb" style="border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">same case?</font></p><p helvetica="Helvetica" neue="Neue" arial="Arial" sans-serif="sans-serif" vertical-align="vertical-align" baseline="baseline" margin="margin" px="px" em="em" padding="padding" color="color" rgb="rgb" style="border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5em;"><a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Nestle_USA_v.Doe_I"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">https://ballotpedia.org/Nestle_USA_v.Doe_I</font></a></p><p helvetica="Helvetica" neue="Neue" arial="Arial" sans-serif="sans-serif" vertical-align="vertical-align" baseline="baseline" margin="margin" px="px" em="em" padding="padding" color="color" rgb="rgb" style="border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.5em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">N<i style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">estlé USA v. Doe I</span></i><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&nbsp;</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">is a case scheduled for argument before the</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&nbsp;</span><a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none;">Supreme Court of the United States</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&nbsp;</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">during the court's</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&nbsp;</span><a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Supreme_Court_cases,October_term_2020-2021" title="Supreme Court cases, October term 2020-2021" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none;">October 2020-2021 term</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">. The case came on a</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&nbsp;</span><a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v.Doe_I#" class="customToolTip" customtooltipsource="#CustomToolTip1" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none;">writ</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&nbsp;</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">of</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&nbsp;</span><a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v.Doe_I#" class="customToolTip" customtooltipsource="#CustomToolTip2" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none;">certiorari</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&nbsp;</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">to the</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&nbsp;</span><a href="https://ballotpedia.org/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_9th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none;">United States Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">. It was consolidated with</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&nbsp;</span><i style="box-sizing: border-box;">Cargill v. Doe I</i><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span id="cite_ref-2" class="reference" style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v.Doe_I#cite_note-2" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none;">[2]</a></span></font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The case concerns the&nbsp;<a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v.Doe_I#Alien_Tort_Statute" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none;">Alien Tort Statute</a>.</font></p><div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 5px 10.9688px; border-width: 0px 0px 0px 10px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(229, 229, 229); background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><div style="background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0.5em 1em 0.3em; width: 1065.06px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">HIGHLIGHTS</font></span></div><div style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0em 1.1em 0.3em; width: 1065.06px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251); box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">The case:</span><span style="background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);"><b>&nbsp;A group of Malian citizens ("claimants") filed a lawsuit under the Alien Tort Statute (ATS) against corporations including Nestlé USA and Cargill,</b>&nbsp;Inc. In the lawsuit, the&nbsp;</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">claimants alleged they were subjected to child slavery on cocoa farms in Côte d’Ivoire.</span><span style="background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251);">&nbsp;The U.S. District Court for the Central District of California dismissed the case on the grounds that corporations could not be held liable under the ATS. On appeal, the 9th Circuit vacated the lower court's ruling.</span></font></li></div><div style="background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0em 1.1em 0.3em; width: 1065.06px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The issue:</font></span><dl style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px;"><dd style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.42857; margin-left: 1.6em; margin-right: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"1. Whether an aiding and abetting claim against a domestic corporation brought under the Alien Tort Statute, 28 U.S.C. § 1350, may overcome the extraterritoriality bar where the claim is based on allegations of general corporate activity in the United States and where plaintiffs cannot trace the alleged harms, which occurred abroad at the hands of unidentified foreign actors, to that activity.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></font></dd><dd style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.42857; margin-left: 1.6em; margin-right: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">2. Whether the Judiciary has the authority under the Alien Tort Statute to impose liability on domestic corporations."<span id="cite_ref-questions_3-0" class="reference" style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v.Doe_I#cite_note-questions-3" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none;">[3]</a></span></font></dd></dl></li></div><div style="background-color: rgb(251, 251, 251); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0em 1.1em 0.3em; width: 1065.06px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">The outcome:</span>&nbsp;The appeal is pending adjudication before the U.S. Supreme Court.</font></li></div></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />You can review the lower court's opinion&nbsp;<a target="blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2019/07/05/17-55435.pdf" https="https" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" thumb="thumb" icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif="Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif" px-icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif="px-Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" text-decoration-line="text-decoration-line" none="none" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="box-sizing: border-box; background: url(">here</a>.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></font></p><h2 style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.1; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; border-left: 5px solid rgb(50, 56, 61); padding: 10px; background-color: rgb(244, 244, 244);"><span class="mw-headline" id="Timeline" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Timeline</font></span></h2><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The following timeline details key events in this case:</font></p><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.3em 0px 0.6em 1.6em; padding: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">July 2, 2020: The U.S. Supreme Court agreed to hear the consolidated cases.</font></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">October 2, 2019: Cargill, Inc., the&nbsp;<a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v.Doe_I#" class="customToolTip" customtooltipsource="#CustomToolTip3" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none;">petitioner</a>, appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court.</font></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">September 25, 2019: Nestlé USA, the&nbsp;<a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v.Doe_I#" class="customToolTip" customtooltipsource="#CustomToolTip3" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none;">petitioner</a>, appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court.</font></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">July 5, 2019: The&nbsp;<a href="https://ballotpedia.org/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_9th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none;">9th Circuit</a>&nbsp;<a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v.Doe_I#" class="customToolTip" customtooltipsource="#CustomToolTip4" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none;">reversed</a>&nbsp;the district court's ruling in an amended opinion and denied the petition for rehearing.</font></li></ul><h2 style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.1; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; border-left: 5px solid rgb(50, 56, 61); padding: 10px; background-color: rgb(244, 244, 244);"><span class="mw-headline" id="Background" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Background</font></span></h2><h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.1; margin-top: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 5px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span class="mw-headline" id="Initial_complaint_and_appeal" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Initial complaint and appeal</font></span></h3><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">A group of anonymous Malian citizens ("claimants") filed a class-action lawsuit under the&nbsp;<a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v.Doe_I#Alien_Tort_Statute" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none;">Alien Tort Statute</a>&nbsp;(ATS) against multinational cocoa suppliers, including Cargill, Inc., and food and beverage companies, including Nestlé USA. The claimants alleged that as children they were forced to work on cocoa farms in Côte d’Ivoire.<span id="cite_ref-Cargill_4-0" class="reference" style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v.Doe_I#cite_note-Cargill-4" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none;">[4]</a></span><span id="cite_ref-petition_5-0" class="reference" style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v.Doe_I#cite_note-petition-5" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none;">[5]</a></span></font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 2010, the&nbsp;<a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Central_District_of_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Central District of California" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none;">U.S. District Court for the Central District of California</a>&nbsp;dismissed the lawsuit, holding the claimants (1) did not and could not allege the defendants "acted with the purpose and intent that their conduct would perpetuate child slavery in Ivorian farms" and (2) failed to show anything more than "ordinary commercial transactions." The district court also held that international law prevented ATS claims against corporate defendants.<span id="cite_ref-petition_5-1" class="reference" style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v.Doe_I#cite_note-petition-5" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none;">[5]</a></span></font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">On appeal, the&nbsp;<a href="https://ballotpedia.org/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_9th_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none;">United States Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit</a>&nbsp;<a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v.Doe_I#" class="customToolTip" customtooltipsource="#CustomToolTip5" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none;">vacated</a>&nbsp;the district court's ruling in an amended opinion and&nbsp;<a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v.Doe_I#" class="customToolTip" customtooltipsource="#CustomToolTip6" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none;">remanded</a>&nbsp;the case. The 9th Circuit held ATS claims could be brought against corporate defendants.<span id="cite_ref-petition_5-2" class="reference" style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v.Doe_I#cite_note-petition-5" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none;">[5]</a></span></font></p><h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.1; margin-top: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 5px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span class="mw-headline" id="Second_appeal" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Second appeal</font></span></h3><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 2016, the Malian citizens filed an amended complaint. The Central District of California dismissed the complaint, holding the claimants' focus was outside the United States, or&nbsp;<i style="box-sizing: border-box;">extraterritorial</i>. On appeal, the 9th Circuit&nbsp;<a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v.Doe_I#" class="customToolTip" customtooltipsource="#CustomToolTip4" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none;">reversed</a>&nbsp;the district court's judgment, holding that (1) corporations can be sued under the ATS and (2) the claimants' complaints had a sufficient U.S. focus. The 9th Circuit also issued an amended order holding the claimants had&nbsp;<a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v.Doe_I#" class="customToolTip" customtooltipsource="#CustomToolTip7" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none;">standing</a>.<span id="cite_ref-petition_5-3" class="reference" style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v.Doe_I#cite_note-petition-5" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none;">[5]</a></span></font></p><h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.1; margin-top: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 5px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span class="mw-headline" id="Alien_Tort_Statute" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Alien Tort Statute</font></span></h3><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The Alien Tort Statute (<a target="blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/28/1350" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaavkleqvr4xn3pgqkamqhduxfqtu7kttkpd5ra8ainfartq2irxfwt2qedafttj2fspioe1ecoleuowwjgzyab="AAAAVklEQVR4Xn3PgQkAMQhDUXfqTu7kTtkpd5RA8AInfArtQ2iRXFWT2QedAfttj2FsPIOE1eCOlEuoWWjgzYaB" ikegorxxhqb="IkeGOrxXhqB" ua9bfcm0lazuh="uA9Bfcm0lAZuh" yiead="YIeAD" caqsz4kcmuaaaaasuvork5cyii=") right center no-repeat !important; padding-right: 13px !important;" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" xmlns:data="data">28 U.S. Code § 1350</a>) provides:</font></p><div class="scrollable-table-container" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow-x: auto; width: 1097px; max-width: 100%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><table data-nosnippet="" style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: transparent; max-width: 100%; border: none; float: none !important;"><tbody style="box-sizing: border-box;"><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;"><td width="20" valign="top" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: none; font-weight: bold; padding: 10px 3px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“</font></td><td valign="top" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: none; padding: 4px 10px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of any civil action by an alien for a tort only, committed in violation of the law of nations or a treaty of the United States.<span id="cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_6-0" class="reference" style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Nestl%C3%A9_USA_v._Doe_I#cite_note-quotedisclaimer-6" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none;">[6]</a></span></font></td><td width="20" valign="bottom" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: none; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; padding: 10px 1px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">”</font></td></tr></tbody></table></div><h2 style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.1; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 10px; border-left: 5px solid rgb(50, 56, 61); padding: 10px; background-color: rgb(244, 244, 244);"><span class="mw-headline" id="Questions_presented" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Questions presented</font></span></h2><div><span class="mw-headline" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">...</font></span></div><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"></font></p></div></div></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div><div><a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L</font></a></div><div>
</div><div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>
</b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Brazilian tribes fined for GMO soy crops on reservations</b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Anthony Boadle</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">8 MIN READ</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">CONQUISTA DO OESTE, Brazil (Reuters) - The savannah scrubland where Chief João Ponce once hunted deer and wild boar in Brazil has given way to neat rows of soy and corn that a tractor sprays with herbicide. In the next field, silver grain silos shimmer in the hot sun.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Chief Joao Ponce, head of the Uirapuru indigenous community, stands in a corn field near the town of Conquista do Oeste, Brazil, <b>April 24, 2018</b>. "We're surrounded by farmers. We can't live off hunting anymore. The animals are gone," he said. REUTERS/Ueslei Marcelino]</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Ponce is head of the Uirapuru indigenous community which has allowed local farmers to produce crops on one-third of its 44,500-acre (18,000-hectare) reservation in southwestern Mato Grosso state.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The one-tenth or less share of the harvests has helped the Pareci natives to buy cars and smartphones, replace hammocks with beds and equip their thatched huts with widescreen TVs, freezers and broadband Internet antennas.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">“We’re surrounded by farmers. We can’t live off hunting anymore. The animals are gone,” he said, sitting in a hammock in his thatched hut.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>But the partnership with non-native farmers, fueled by an insatiable demand for Brazilian soy in China and other markets, is illegal and has alarmed environmentalists.</b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Brazil’s environmental regulator Ibama this week fined six native communities and a dozen farmers on reservation land for using genetically modified crops (GMO) and engaging in large-scale mechanized agriculture. Both are banned on reservation land.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>The unprecedented fines totaling 129 million reais ($33 million)</b> mark an unexpected escalation in a dispute between rival federal agencies, environmentalists, farmers and native advocacy groups over Indian tribes getting into commercial agriculture in Brazil’s rapidly expanding farm belt.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“We are not targeting the Indian. He has been besieged, co-opted. He’s a victim, and the environment of the reservations is being hurt by this pressure for land,” said René de Oliveira, the agency’s main enforcer.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">He said the use of GMO soy was the worst crime because nobody knows the environmental impact such crops can have on the biodiversity of protected areas like reservations.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The crackdown could mean trouble for major grain trading firms such as ADM, Cargill and Bunge if they are caught buying soy grown on native land.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“The companies can be fined, because the Indians are not allowed to grow GMO crops and traders are not allowed to buy from reservations,” Oliveira said.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><b>Cargill </b>said in an emailed statement that it only bought products originating from properties in compliance with Brazilian law and verified their status before any commercial transaction.<b> ADM did not immediately respond</b> to a request for comment<b>. Bunge</b> directed a request to soy processor association Abiove.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Five grain trading houses, including Cargill and Bunge, were recently fined 24.6 million reais for buying crops grown on illegally deforested land in the Amazon.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Local farmers said it was very hard to trace the origin of grains because traders only need to ask for the seller’s tax ID and not the location or size of the plantation.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">That has made it easier for tribes looking to cash in on an agribusiness boom, turning their coveted savannah into fertile farmland with the know-how of white farmers.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Ibama fined communities of the Pareci, Nambikwara and Manoki tribes and embargoed 40,000 acres of their land that were being used for large-scale GMO plantations in the municipalities of Campo Novo do Parecis and Conquista do Oeste, or “Conquest of the West,</span>” near the border with Bolivia.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The tribes are pressing to change environmental and Indian laws so that they can keep their plantations and sell their harvests legally. The issue has put Ibama at odds with the Indian affairs agency Funai, which wants to allow the tribes to become farmers.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“We want to be able to sell to Bunge, Amaggi, Cargill, Dreyfus, so we can buy our own machinery. But without licensing that shows the origin, our soy has to go out clandestinely,” said Arnaldo Zunizakae, who manages farming on the vast Pareci reservation of 3 million acres (1.2 million hectares).</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">DEMAND FOR LAND</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">China’s appetite for Brazilian soybeans has driven up land values in Mato Grosso, the country’s biggest soy state. Eager for more access to reservation lands, farm and mining lobbies in Brasilia are exploiting divisions between Ibama and Funai.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Fault lines have also opened within the tribes between traditionalists and opportunists at odds over how to manage ancestral lands and preserve native customs and culture.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Brazilian law prohibits the arrangement under which the tribes have allowed farmers to develop industrial-scale production of commodity crops in return for a share of the harvest. The farmers cover the costs and hire crop dusters to spray fields with herbicide for GMO crops.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Slideshow (32 Images)]</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Funai said in an email that it was seeking a formula that allowed native peoples to choose their own development path. But federal prosecutors dealing with native issues said GMO crops or partnerships with non-natives would not be permitted.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“We won’t be able to sow this year’s crop. Conventional crops are more costly to store and harder to sell. We’d be pushed back into primitive 20th century agriculture,” said Zunizakae, climbing combine harvester bought by his tribe.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">UNEXPECTED ALLIES</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The neighboring Nambikwara tribe has taken to blocking the road through its reservation to press for the right to engage in commercial agriculture. With their faces painted, Nambikwaras have demanded a toll from truck drivers moving soy for export. The grains are trucked to barges on the Madeira river and loaded onto ships in the Amazon for China and other countries.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Brazil’s powerful farm lobby, a traditional foe of native communities in disputes over their ancestral lands, seized on the cause of the Indians involved in commercial agriculture.</b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“I totally support the Indian’s right to employ his free initiative to overcome poverty and not depend on handouts from the government,” said Nilson Leitão, a congressman from Mato Grosso and leaders of the farm states caucus.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The prospect of allowing commercial farming on reservations galls environmentalists and anthropologists who warn it will destroy native cultures and lead to exploitation of the Indians.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Not so, say Pareci elders, who point to advances made by their 1,800-strong tribe due to agricultural income, including better schools, health care and university grants for Parecis.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">“If it were not for this, we would be dying,” said Chief Narciso Kazoizax, wearing a jaguar skin over his shoulders and a headdress of red and blue macaw feathers. Eighty percent of his tribe speak their native Aruak language, a sure sign of a strong culture, he said.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Infant mortality among the Parecis has fallen dramatically from 24 deaths in 2015 to only one last year and the community has been able to afford expensive surgeries that Funai’s medical service can no longer provide.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">“We do have a better life thanks to the plantations,” said Zeferino, a shaman who sat weaving a basket as he watched Liverpool defeat Roma in the European soccer Champions League.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">“We don’t want to become rich like white men. We just want to survive better,” he said with a smile, revealing perfect dentures.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Please click on reut.rs/2sSqkR4 to see related photo essay.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div><div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="CAEQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFSgAMAB6BAgBEAA"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.54;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /><h3 class="LC20lb" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.33;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://psmag.com/environment/brazilian-companies-continue-to-degrade-amazon-with-impunity" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://psmag.com/environment/brazilian-companies-continue-to-degrade-amazon-with-impunity&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAAegQIARAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Brazilian Companies Illegally Degrading the Amazon Continue to ...</a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></h3>
<div class="TbwUpd" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.54; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px;"><cite class="iUh30" style="font-style: normal; padding-top: 1px; line-height: 1.43;">https://psmag.com/.../brazilian-companies-continue-to-degrade-amazon-with-impunity</cite></div><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 1px 3px 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="GHDvEf ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+bolsonaro+brazil&oq=cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+bolsonaro+brazil&aqs=chrome..69i57.38498j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#" id="am-b0" aria-label="Result Options" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08Q7B0wAHoECAEQAg" style="border-radius: 0px; cursor: default; font-weight: bold; height: 12px; line-height: 27px; margin: 1px 0px 2px; 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cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.54; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="f" style="line-height: 1.54;">May 6, 2019 -&nbsp;</span><span style="font-weight: bold;">In</span>&nbsp;an emailed statement,&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Cargill</span>&nbsp;said "these allegations are without merit" and ... Abiove cited&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Brazil's</span>&nbsp;"<span style="font-weight: bold;">soy</span>&nbsp;moratorium" which uses data&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">from</span>&nbsp;the&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Brazil</span>-based ... Research to monitor&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">soybean</span>planting&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">in</span>&nbsp;deforested areas occurring after July of ... Experts fear&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">deforestation</span>&nbsp;will be fueled under the&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Bolsonaro</span>&nbsp;...</font></span></a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="CAIQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFSgAMAF6BAgCEAA"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.54;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjABegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /></font></font></font><h3 class="LC20lb" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.33;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjABegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjABegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjABegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjABegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjABegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjABegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjABegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjABegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Cargill rejects Cerrado soy moratorium, pledges $30 million search for ...</a></font></font></font></font></h3><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font><div class="TbwUpd" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.54; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><cite class="iUh30" style="font-style: normal; padding-top: 1px; line-height: 1.43;">https://news.mongabay.com/.../cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-mil...</cite></font></div><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 1px 3px 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="GHDvEf ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+bolsonaro+brazil&oq=cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+bolsonaro+brazil&aqs=chrome..69i57.38498j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#" id="am-b1" aria-label="Result Options" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08Q7B0wAXoECAIQAg" style="border-radius: 0px; cursor: default; font-weight: bold; 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line-height: 1.54;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:snBkR0q9Sp4J:https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/+&cd=2&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:snBkR0q9Sp4J:https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/%2B%26cd%3D2%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QIDABegQIAhAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" /></font></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:snBkR0q9Sp4J:https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/+&cd=2&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:snBkR0q9Sp4J:https://news.mongabay.com/2019/07/cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-million-search-for-ideas/%2B%26cd%3D2%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QIDABegQIAhAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.54; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="f" style="line-height: 1.54;">Jul 10, 2019 -&nbsp;</span>The 2006&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Amazon Soy</span>&nbsp;Moratorium — a voluntary agreement ... of that&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">native</span>&nbsp;vegetation loss occurring&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">in</span>&nbsp;the&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Brazilian</span>&nbsp;Cerrado biome, bordering on the&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Amazon</span>. ...&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">in</span>&nbsp;Jair&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Bolsonaro's</span>&nbsp;political base — the current&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Brazilian</span>&nbsp;president ran ... The pact got&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">soybean</span>&nbsp;traders like&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Cargill</span>&nbsp;to agree to voluntarily stop&nbsp;...</font></span></a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="CAQQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFSgAMAJ6BAgEEAA"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.54;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjACegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer; 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text-decoration-line: none;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4" /></a><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjACegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjACegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjACegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjACegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjACegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjACegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Brazilian tribes fined for GMO soy crops on reservations - Reuters</a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></h3><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font><div class="TbwUpd" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.54; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><cite class="iUh30" style="font-style: normal; padding-top: 1px; line-height: 1.43;">https://www.reuters.com/...brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-c...</cite></font></div><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 1px 3px 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="GHDvEf ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+bolsonaro+brazil&oq=cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+bolsonaro+brazil&aqs=chrome..69i57.38498j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#" id="am-b2" aria-label="Result Options" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08Q7B0wAnoECAQQAg" style="border-radius: 0px; cursor: default; font-weight: bold; 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padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 1.54;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:EBENkz_LwcAJ:https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L+&cd=3&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:EBENkz_LwcAJ:https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L%2B%26cd%3D3%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QIDACegQIBBAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:EBENkz_LwcAJ:https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L+&cd=3&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:EBENkz_LwcAJ:https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L%2B%26cd%3D3%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QIDACegQIBBAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:EBENkz_LwcAJ:https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L+&cd=3&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:EBENkz_LwcAJ:https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L%2B%26cd%3D3%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QIDACegQIBBAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" /></font></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:EBENkz_LwcAJ:https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L+&cd=3&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:EBENkz_LwcAJ:https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L%2B%26cd%3D3%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QIDACegQIBBAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.54; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="f" style="line-height: 1.54;">Jun 8, 2018 -&nbsp;</span>Chief Joao Ponce, head of the Uirapuru&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">indigenous</span>&nbsp;community, stands&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">in</span>&nbsp;... as ADM,&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Cargill</span>&nbsp;and Bunge if they are caught buying&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">soy</span>&nbsp;grown on&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">native</span>&nbsp;land. ... reais for buying crops grown on illegally deforested land&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">in</span>&nbsp;the&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Amazon</span>. ... China's appetite for&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Brazilian soybeans</span>&nbsp;has driven up land values&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">in</span>&nbsp;Mato&nbsp;...</font></span></a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font><div class="TXwUJf"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:EBENkz_LwcAJ:https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L+&cd=3&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:EBENkz_LwcAJ:https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-crops-on-reservations-idUSKCN1J432L%2B%26cd%3D3%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QIDACegQIBBAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Missing:&nbsp;<s>bolsonaro</s>&nbsp;‎| Must include:&nbsp;</font></a><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+%22bolsonaro%22+brazil&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08Q5t4CMAJ6BAgEEAg" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">bolsonaro</font></a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></div></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="CAUQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFSgAMAN6BAgFEAA"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.54;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjADegQIBRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /></font></font></font></font><h3 class="LC20lb" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.33;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjADegQIBRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjADegQIBRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4" /></a><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjADegQIBRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjADegQIBRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjADegQIBRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjADegQIBRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjADegQIBRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjADegQIBRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Cargill says food industry will miss zero deforestation goal - Reuters</a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></h3><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font><div class="TbwUpd" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.54; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><cite class="iUh30" style="font-style: normal; padding-top: 1px; line-height: 1.43;">https://www.reuters.com/...brazil.../cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestat...</cite></font></div><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 1px 3px 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="GHDvEf ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+bolsonaro+brazil&oq=cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+bolsonaro+brazil&aqs=chrome..69i57.38498j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#" id="am-b3" aria-label="Result Options" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08Q7B0wA3oECAUQAg" style="border-radius: 0px; cursor: default; font-weight: bold; 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cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:5HqPFYVYgxQJ:https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345+&cd=4&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:5HqPFYVYgxQJ:https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345%2B%26cd%3D4%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QIDADegQIBRAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" /></font></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:5HqPFYVYgxQJ:https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345+&cd=4&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:5HqPFYVYgxQJ:https://www.reuters.com/article/us-carg-brazil-environment/cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestation-goal-idUSKCN1TE345%2B%26cd%3D4%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QIDADegQIBRAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.54; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="f" style="line-height: 1.54;">Jun 13, 2019 -&nbsp;</span>Grains trader&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Cargill</span>&nbsp;Inc said on Thursday it and the broader food industry will ... and pledged to do more to protect forests and&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">native</span>&nbsp;vegetation in&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Brazil</span>. ... the&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Amazon rainforest</span>&nbsp;in&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Brazil</span>, a top supplier of&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">soybeans</span>&nbsp;to&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Cargill</span>, sped ... under&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Brazilian</span>&nbsp;President Jair&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Bolsonaro's</span>&nbsp;five-month-old government as&nbsp;...</font></span></a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; 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cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="sFZIhb b w xsm" style="font-weight: bold; cursor: auto; margin: 0px 3px 0px 0px; float: left;">[PDF]</span></a><a href="https://amazonwatch.org/assets/files/2019-complicity-in-destruction-2.pdf" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://amazonwatch.org/assets/files/2019-complicity-in-destruction-2.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAEegQIAxAC" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /></font></font></font></font><h3 class="LC20lb" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.33;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><a href="https://amazonwatch.org/assets/files/2019-complicity-in-destruction-2.pdf" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://amazonwatch.org/assets/files/2019-complicity-in-destruction-2.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAEegQIAxAC" style="cursor: pointer; 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text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://amazonwatch.org/assets/files/2019-complicity-in-destruction-2.pdf" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://amazonwatch.org/assets/files/2019-complicity-in-destruction-2.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAEegQIAxAC" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://amazonwatch.org/assets/files/2019-complicity-in-destruction-2.pdf" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://amazonwatch.org/assets/files/2019-complicity-in-destruction-2.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAEegQIAxAC" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://amazonwatch.org/assets/files/2019-complicity-in-destruction-2.pdf" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://amazonwatch.org/assets/files/2019-complicity-in-destruction-2.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAEegQIAxAC" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://amazonwatch.org/assets/files/2019-complicity-in-destruction-2.pdf" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://amazonwatch.org/assets/files/2019-complicity-in-destruction-2.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAEegQIAxAC" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Complicity in Destruction II - Amazon Watch</a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></h3><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" /></font></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:eVPTgxiKP04J:https://amazonwatch.org/assets/files/2019-complicity-in-destruction-2.pdf+&cd=5&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:eVPTgxiKP04J:https://amazonwatch.org/assets/files/2019-complicity-in-destruction-2.pdf%2B%26cd%3D5%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QIDAEegQIAxAF" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.54; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="f" style="line-height: 1.54;">Apr 8, 2019 -&nbsp;</span>ENABLE&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">BOLSONARO'S</span>&nbsp;ASSAULT ON THE&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">BRAZILIAN AMAZON</span>&nbsp;...&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">indigenous</span>&nbsp;peoples and traditional communities who call it home, and are proven ..... many of&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Brazil's</span>&nbsp;main exports are&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">forest</span>-risk commodities, such as&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">soybeans</span>, ..... Like&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Cargill</span>, Netherlands-based Louis Dreyfus is a private company.</font></span></a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="CAYQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFSgAMAV6BAgGEAA"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.54;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAFegQIBhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /></font></font></font></font><h3 class="LC20lb" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.33;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><a href="https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAFegQIBhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAFegQIBhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4" /></a><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAFegQIBhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAFegQIBhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAFegQIBhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAFegQIBhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAFegQIBhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAFegQIBhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Sustainable Soy in Brazil | Cargill</a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></h3><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; user-select: none; cursor: pointer;"><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil+cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+bolsonaro+brazil&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QHzAFegQIBhAF" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 1.54;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil+cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+bolsonaro+brazil&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QHzAFegQIBhAF" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil+cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+bolsonaro+brazil&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QHzAFegQIBhAF" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil+cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+bolsonaro+brazil&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QHzAFegQIBhAF" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" /></font></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil+cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+bolsonaro+brazil&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QHzAFegQIBhAF" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.54; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Cargill</span>&nbsp;is building on more than 15 years of progress to protect the&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Amazon</span>&nbsp;and advance ...&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">soy</span>production&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">in Brazil</span>, the world's second largest producer of&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">soybeans</span>. ...&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Cargill</span>&nbsp;respect and uphold the rights of workers,&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">indigenous</span>&nbsp;peoples and ... Through free and fair trade, we connect societies facing shortages&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">in soy</span>&nbsp;and its&nbsp;...</font></span></a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font><div class="TXwUJf"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil+cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+bolsonaro+brazil&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QHzAFegQIBhAF" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Missing:&nbsp;<s>bolsonaro</s>&nbsp;‎| Must include:&nbsp;</font></a><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+%22bolsonaro%22+brazil&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08Q5t4CMAV6BAgGEAg" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">bolsonaro</font></a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></div></div><div data-base-uri="/search" id="ed_1" data-ved="2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08Q2Z0BMAV6BAgGEAk"><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px;"><div data-hveid="CAAQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFSgAMAZ6BAgAEAA"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.54;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAGegQIABAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /></font></font></font></font><h3 class="LC20lb" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.33;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><a href="https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAGegQIABAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAGegQIABAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4" /></a><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAGegQIABAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAGegQIABAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAGegQIABAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAGegQIABAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAGegQIABAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAGegQIABAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Fighting Deforestation & Poverty with Sustainable Soy | Cargill</a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></h3><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font><div class="TbwUpd" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.54; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><cite class="iUh30" style="font-style: normal; padding-top: 1px; line-height: 1.43;">https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp</cite></font></div><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 1px 3px 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="GHDvEf ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+bolsonaro+brazil&oq=cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+bolsonaro+brazil&aqs=chrome..69i57.38498j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#" id="am-b6" aria-label="Result Options" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08Q7B0wBnoECAAQAg" style="border-radius: 0px; cursor: default; font-weight: bold; height: 12px; 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cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:5cU9r3zWjQ8J:https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp+&cd=7&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:5cU9r3zWjQ8J:https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp%2B%26cd%3D7%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QIDAGegQIABAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:5cU9r3zWjQ8J:https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp+&cd=7&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:5cU9r3zWjQ8J:https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp%2B%26cd%3D7%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QIDAGegQIABAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" /></font></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:5cU9r3zWjQ8J:https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp+&cd=7&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:5cU9r3zWjQ8J:https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp%2B%26cd%3D7%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QIDAGegQIABAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.54; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">After opening a&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">soy</span>&nbsp;processing site&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">in Brazil</span>,&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Cargill</span>&nbsp;partners with a ... of TNC inspects a&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">native Amazon</span>ype tree as part of the More Sustainable&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Soy</span>&nbsp;Program's<wbr />&nbsp;...</font></span></a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font><div class="TXwUJf"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:5cU9r3zWjQ8J:https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp+&cd=7&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:5cU9r3zWjQ8J:https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp%2B%26cd%3D7%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QIDAGegQIABAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Missing:&nbsp;<s>bolsonaro</s>&nbsp;‎| Must include:&nbsp;</font></a><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+%22bolsonaro%22+brazil&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08Q5t4CMAZ6BAgAEAc" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">bolsonaro</font></a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></div></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px;"><div data-hveid="CAgQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFSgAMAd6BAgIEAA"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.54;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="http://theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAHegQICBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /></font></font></font></font><h3 class="LC20lb" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.33;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><a href="http://theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAHegQICBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="http://theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAHegQICBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4" /></a><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="http://theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAHegQICBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="http://theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAHegQICBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="http://theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAHegQICBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="http://theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAHegQICBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="http://theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAHegQICBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="http://theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAHegQICBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Strict Amazon protections made Brazilian farmers more productive ...</a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></h3><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font><div class="TbwUpd" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.54; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><cite class="iUh30" style="font-style: normal; padding-top: 1px; line-height: 1.43;">theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-producti...</cite></font></div><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 1px 3px 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="GHDvEf ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+bolsonaro+brazil&oq=cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+bolsonaro+brazil&aqs=chrome..69i57.38498j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#" id="am-b7" aria-label="Result Options" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08Q7B0wB3oECAgQAg" style="border-radius: 0px; cursor: default; font-weight: bold; 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top: 12px; white-space: nowrap; z-index: 3; transition: opacity 0.218s ease 0s; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 4px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;"><ol style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><li class="action-menu-item ab_dropdownitem" role="menuitem" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; user-select: none; cursor: pointer;"><a class="fl" href="http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:u1M4PeMSlY8J:theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789+&cd=8&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:u1M4PeMSlY8J:theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789%2B%26cd%3D8%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QIDAHegQICBAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 1.54;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><a class="fl" href="http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:u1M4PeMSlY8J:theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789+&cd=8&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:u1M4PeMSlY8J:theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789%2B%26cd%3D8%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QIDAHegQICBAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:u1M4PeMSlY8J:theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789+&cd=8&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:u1M4PeMSlY8J:theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789%2B%26cd%3D8%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QIDAHegQICBAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:u1M4PeMSlY8J:theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789+&cd=8&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:u1M4PeMSlY8J:theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789%2B%26cd%3D8%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QIDAHegQICBAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" /></font></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:u1M4PeMSlY8J:theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789+&cd=8&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:u1M4PeMSlY8J:theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive-new-research-shows-105789%2B%26cd%3D8%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QIDAHegQICBAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.54; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="f" style="line-height: 1.54;">Nov 5, 2018 -&nbsp;</span>But preventing&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Amazonian deforestation</span>&nbsp;has actually made farmland more productive. ... Jair&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Bolsonaro</span>,&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Brazil's</span>&nbsp;new president, will make many decisions ... used for agriculture, primarily cattle ranching but also&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">soybean</span>&nbsp;production. ...&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">indigenous</span>&nbsp;territories that safeguard forests from private developers and&nbsp;...</font></span></a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px;"><div data-hveid="CAcQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFSgAMAh6BAgHEAA"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.54;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.ft.com/content/c54abafe-ad30-11e8-8253-48106866cd8a" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.ft.com/content/c54abafe-ad30-11e8-8253-48106866cd8a&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAIegQIBxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /></font></font></font></font><h3 class="LC20lb" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.33;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><a href="https://www.ft.com/content/c54abafe-ad30-11e8-8253-48106866cd8a" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.ft.com/content/c54abafe-ad30-11e8-8253-48106866cd8a&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAIegQIBxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.ft.com/content/c54abafe-ad30-11e8-8253-48106866cd8a" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.ft.com/content/c54abafe-ad30-11e8-8253-48106866cd8a&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAIegQIBxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></font></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.ft.com/content/c54abafe-ad30-11e8-8253-48106866cd8a" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.ft.com/content/c54abafe-ad30-11e8-8253-48106866cd8a&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAIegQIBxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.ft.com/content/c54abafe-ad30-11e8-8253-48106866cd8a" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.ft.com/content/c54abafe-ad30-11e8-8253-48106866cd8a&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAIegQIBxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.ft.com/content/c54abafe-ad30-11e8-8253-48106866cd8a" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.ft.com/content/c54abafe-ad30-11e8-8253-48106866cd8a&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAIegQIBxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.ft.com/content/c54abafe-ad30-11e8-8253-48106866cd8a" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.ft.com/content/c54abafe-ad30-11e8-8253-48106866cd8a&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAIegQIBxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.ft.com/content/c54abafe-ad30-11e8-8253-48106866cd8a" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.ft.com/content/c54abafe-ad30-11e8-8253-48106866cd8a&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAIegQIBxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Brazil's soya farms an environmental flashpoint | Financial Times</a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></h3><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font><div class="TbwUpd" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.54; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><cite class="iUh30" style="font-style: normal; padding-top: 1px; line-height: 1.43;">https://www.ft.com/content/c54abafe-ad30-11e8-8253-48106866cd8a</cite></font></div></div><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 1.54;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.54; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span class="f" style="line-height: 1.54;">Oct 15, 2018 -&nbsp;</span><span style="font-weight: bold;">In</span>&nbsp;the&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Amazon</span>, by contrast, farmers are required by law to preserve 80 per cent of the&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">native</span>&nbsp;plants on their land.&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">In</span>&nbsp;the cerrado, there is no moratorium to stop the sale of&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">soya</span>&nbsp;harvested ...&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">In</span>the last decade, the biome lost 236,000 sq km of&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">native</span>&nbsp;... The probable election of far-right candidate Jair&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Bolsonaro</span>,&nbsp;...</span></font></font></font></font></div><div data-base-uri="/search" id="ed_2" data-ved="2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08Q2Z0BMAh6BAgHEAM"><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span id="fld" /></font></font></font></p><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 28px;"><div data-hveid="CAkQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFSgAMAl6BAgJEAA"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.54;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-26/farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course-with-buyers" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-26/farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course-with-buyers&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAJegQICRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /></font></font></font><h3 class="LC20lb" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.33;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-26/farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course-with-buyers" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-26/farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course-with-buyers&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAJegQICRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-26/farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course-with-buyers" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-26/farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course-with-buyers&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAJegQICRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-26/farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course-with-buyers" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-26/farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course-with-buyers&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAJegQICRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-26/farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course-with-buyers" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-26/farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course-with-buyers&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAJegQICRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-26/farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course-with-buyers" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-26/farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course-with-buyers&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAJegQICRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-26/farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course-with-buyers" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-26/farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course-with-buyers&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAJegQICRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-26/farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course-with-buyers" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-26/farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course-with-buyers&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAJegQICRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-26/farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course-with-buyers" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-26/farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course-with-buyers&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QFjAJegQICRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Farm Deregulation Puts Bolsonaro on Collision Course With Buyers ...</a></font></font></font></font></h3><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font><div class="TbwUpd" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.54; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><cite class="iUh30" style="font-style: normal; padding-top: 1px; line-height: 1.43;">https://www.bloomberg.com/.../farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course...</cite></font></div><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 1px 3px 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="GHDvEf ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+bolsonaro+brazil&oq=cargill+amazon+rainforest+soy+soybean+indigenous+bolsonaro+brazil&aqs=chrome..69i57.38498j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#" id="am-b9" aria-label="Result Options" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08Q7B0wCXoECAkQAg" style="border-radius: 0px; cursor: default; font-weight: bold; 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cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.54; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="f" style="line-height: 1.54;">Oct 26, 2018 -&nbsp;</span>Pledges by&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Brazilian</span>&nbsp;presidential front-runner Jair&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Bolsonaro</span>&nbsp;to ease ... agribusiness giants including&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Cargill</span>&nbsp;Inc. and Bunge Ltd.&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">In</span>&nbsp;a statement, Abiove cited ... on purchases of&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">soybeans from</span>&nbsp;newly deforested land&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">in</span>&nbsp;the&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Amazon</span>&nbsp;region. ... open up&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">indigenous</span>&nbsp;reserves to farming and mining and merge the&nbsp;...</font></span></a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></div></div></div></div><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:0o0ODtOiIXcJ:https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-26/farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course-with-buyers+&cd=10&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:0o0ODtOiIXcJ:https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-26/farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course-with-buyers%2B%26cd%3D10%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwjoopSvjtjjAhUElawKHV9JB08QIDAJegQICRAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"></font></a></font></font></font></font></font></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">https://grist.org/article/how-cargill-went-from-corporate-climate-hero-to-the-worst/</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Back in January, the environmental group Mighty Earth was ready to launch a massive campaign attacking Cargill, the world’s largest agribusiness, for failing to do enough to protect forests. They had composed a report labeling it “the worst company in the world.” They had sent out press releases to media organizations (including Grist, naturally) about the planned blitz. They had paid for several scathing bus ads which would proclaim Cargill’s guilt throughout its hometown of Minneapolis. Now, that detente has broken down in conflict.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">On Thursday, Mighty Earth protesters dressed in cow costumes were ready to parade in front of Cargill’s headquarters. The organization released its report, describing Cargill as “the worst company in the world.”</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“We recognize this is an audacious claim,” wrote Henry Waxman, the chairman of Mighty Earth and a former member of Congress for some 40 years. “But this report provides extensive and compelling evidence to back it up.”</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>The report doesn’t actually weigh Cargill against other corporations. Instead, it reads like a lawyer’s brief listing the black marks on the company’s record: sickening people with infected beef, killing fish with water pollution, buying from farmers that forced children to labor in the fields, and allegedly cheating customers with financial shenanigans.</b></font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>
</b></font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>It seemed like enviros and executives were actually making progress together for once. So why did everything go to crap?</b> The primary reason Mighty Earth launched this attack is that Cargill failed to deliver on a sweeping promise to end deforestation by 2020, according to Glenn Hurowitz, CEO of Mighty Earth. Cargill made this commitment back in 2014 in the lead up to the United Nations climate agreement in Paris. The company’s CEO, David MacLennan, went to the United Nations to declare that Cargill would use its influence to stop forests from falling anywhere in every corner of the globe where it conducts business.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Environmental groups applauded but also promised to hold the company to its pledge. Then Cargill began to grapple with the enormity of the challenge, and executives realized that there was no way that, before 2020, they would be able to ensure that it never bought a single grain of wheat or soybean from land that was previously forest.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Meanwhile, farmers and ranchers worldwide were tearing down forests at a faster pace. Environmental groups grew increasingly frustrated with Cargill and the other corporations that had made similar pledges to curb deforestation. Last month, during a meeting of the Consumer Goods Forum, a group of some 400 companies working to end deforestation (along with many other goals), Greenpeace activists rappelled down from the rafters holding a banner that read, “still destroying forests.”</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“When [Cargill] CEO MacLennan made the announcement in 2014 it was clear to me that there hadn’t been a lot of planning that when into that,” said Rolf Skar, assistant campaign director at Greenpeace USA. “I don’t mind when CEOs are ambitious and push a bold agenda, but something has definitely not worked in the years since.”</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Or as Mighty Earth put it, “Cargill dropped the ball. And then they stomped on it.”</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>The breakdown in talks between Mighty Earth and Cargill was specifically related to soy markets in Brazil.</b> <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">According to Hurowitz, MacLennan agreed to support a moratorium on deforestation in the Cerrado — a region about the size of Mexico in central Brazil — and meet with other CEOs to get them to do the same. But, as the months passed, Hurowitz was frustrated by Cargill’s refusal to get tough with soy growers. The final straw came when the company told farmers it would not support the moratorium (we wrote about that here). Instead, Cargill said it would spend $30 million looking for other ways to prevent deforestation in Brazil</span>.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">[Aerial view taken on May 29, 2019 showing a farm next to a native Cerrado in Formosa do Rio Preto, western Bahia state. Photo by NELSON ALMEIDA / AFP / Getty Images]</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Cargill did not respond to Grist’s requests for comment. But Scott Poynton, founder of the Earthworm Foundation, thinks he has a pretty good idea of what’s going on. His organization (back then it was called The Forest Trust) was working closely with Cargill when the corporation decided to make its 2014 pledge. Though Poynton wasn’t part of those talks, he’s seen similar fights play out over deforestation commitments in Southeast Asia. In 2016, Poynton saw companies scurry when the Indonesian government threatened the palm oil corporations that were making their own rules to govern land use to stop deforestation.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">“The government said, ‘Let’s be bloody clear, this is our country and we make the rules around here, so if you guys aren’t going to play by our game, you can all bugger off,’” Poynton paraphrased. (Yes, he’s Australian.) “I absolutely guarantee that such discussions have been had, in probably quite unsavory terms, between Cargill Brazil and the government of Brazil.”</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">It’s risky for foreign companies like Cargill to try and control land use policy in Brazil when the country’s new president, Jair Bolsonaro, supports more development of forest land. Tellingly, soy farmers in Brazil didn’t exactly react with gratitude when Cargill told them it opposed a moratorium on soy expansion in the Cerrado, on June 24. Several farmers’ associations responded by writing to the company that they had already done a great deal to protect their natural areas without Cargill’s help, and they intended to plow the land to which they were “entitled.”</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>“The tone has changed since Bolsonaro was elected, raising farmers expectations that they can still clear,”</b> said Rachael Garrett, an assistant professor of Environmental Policy at ETH Zurich who has studied the conversion of land to soy fields in Brazil. Cargill understands how power has shifted, and that’s probably a major reason it decided not to support the Cerrado moratorium, she said.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>In other words, the farmers know the government has their back.</b> So Cargill has to weigh keeping its pledge against maintaining good relationships with its Brazilian producers and regulators.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“What would we expect Cargill to do?” Poynton asked. “They are walking an absolute tightrope. Does that make Cargill the most evil company in the world? No, I think it makes Cargill a company operating in a bullseye of a desperately wicked problem.”</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Mighty Earth counters that one of Cargill’s corporate peers in the Brazilian soy market, the Louis Dreyfus Company, based in the Netherlands, has shown that a big company can stick to its word. Louis Dreyfus said it would stop buying soy from any farmer that destroyed native ecosystems or took land from indigenous people. “Meanwhile, Cargill has kept the bulldozers running,” Mighty Earth wrote in their report.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Statements from Cargill executives suggest that they don’t think drawing a hard line would do any good right now, because the other big grain traders, ADM and Bunge, have also refused to stop buying from farmers that plow up the Cerrado. If one of them gets tough with farmers, the soy might simply flow to another company (it’s a classic case of the prisoner’s dilemma). But environmentalists think the other companies might join the moratorium if Cargill — the biggest of them all — took the leap.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">bryan keogh</font></font></font></font></div><div><div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="content-header-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 4px 0px 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 0px 24px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-left-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); border-image: initial; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); display: inline-block; left: -12px; line-height: normal; position: relative;"><h1 class="entry-title instapaper_title " itemprop="name" style="margin: 0px; padding: 4px 0px 6px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; line-height: normal; display: inline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); left: -12px; position: relative;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Strict Amazon protections made Brazilian farmers more productive, new research&nbsp;shows</font></span></font></font></font></h1></div></div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><time datetime="2018-11-05T11:43:58Z" itemprop="datePublished" content="2018-11-05T11:43:58Z" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px -12px; padding: 6px 12px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; display: inline-block;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">November 5, 2018&nbsp;</font></time></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">https://theconversation.com/<b>strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-productive</b>-new-research-shows-105789</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jair Bolsonaro, Brazil’s new president, will make many decisions during his four-year term, from combating violence to stimulating a stagnant economy.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Those decisions will have large impacts on Brazilians, who remain deeply divided over the controversial election of this far-right populist.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">But some of Bolsonaro’s decisions will affect the entire world, namely his promises to cut environmental protections in the Brazilian Amazon.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The Amazon’s uncertain fate</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>The Amazon is the world’s largest tropical rainforest and a major global food exporter.</b></font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The Amazon Basin also provides the rains that nourish Brazil’s productive croplands to the south, a breadbasket for the world. The rainforest’s destruction could cause large-scale droughts in Brazil, leading to nationwide crop losses.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">An estimated 9 percent of Amazonian forests disappeared between 1985 and 2017, reducing the rainforest’s ability to&nbsp; ...partic cattle ranching ...<b>strict environmental protections passed by President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva in 2004. His Workers Party cracked down on illegal land clearing in the Amazon, making Brazil a world leader in rainforest protection.</b></font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">But deforestation in the Amazon has begun to climb again recently.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Brazilian President Michel Temer, a conservative who entered office in 2016 during a deep recession, has loosened enforcement of federal anti-deforestation laws, slashed the environmental ministry’s budget and opened the Amazon to mining.</b></font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Satellite data reveal that between August 2017 to 2018, 1.1 million acres of Brazilian Amazonian forest were cleared – the highest deforestation rate since 2007.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Brazil’s next president.]</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">President-elect Bolsonaro has promised to further slash environmental protections in Brazil, saying that federal conservation zones and hefty fines for cutting down trees hinder economic growth.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Specific plans include eliminating protections for <b>indigenous</b> territories that safeguard forests from private developers and reducing fines for illegally clearing land.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Bolsonaro also wants to dismantle Brazil’s Ministry of the Environment, which enforces environmental laws.</b></font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Brazil’s agricultural innovations</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The president-elect’s deregulatory agenda is supported by the Bancada Ruralista, a powerful congressional caucus that defends Brazilian agribusiness interests.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Despite the lobby’s stance that regulation hurts business, Brazil’s strict environmental laws have actually helped Amazonian farmers, my recent research shows.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">From 2004 to 2014, Brazil’s federal government employed a host of tactics to reduce Amazonian farmers’ incentives to clear land. It increased penalties for deforestation, making it far more expensive to create new grazing land. Simultaneously, it offered state-subsidized, low-interest financing for farmers who adopted more sustainable practices.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Those policies encouraged innovations that have made Amazon farmland much more productive. In a co-authored study published in October in the journal Global Environmental Change, my colleagues and I found that food production in the Amazon has substantially increased since 2004.</b></font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Amazonian farmers are now planting and <b>harvesting two crops – mostly soybean and corn – each year, rather than just one. This is called “double cropping.”</b></font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Our study found that land in double cropping in Brazil’s most important agricultural state, Mato Grosso, increased from 840,000? acres in 2001 to more than 10.6 million acres in 2013, boosted by improved environmental laws.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Farmers are getting richer</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Environmental regulation of the Brazilian Amazon has helped farmers improve business in other ways too, our research found.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Improved pasture management in Mato Grosso state led the number of cattle slaughtered annually per acre to double, meaning farmers are producing more meat – and therefore earning more money – with their land.</b></font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Ranchers who add crops into pasture areas can more than quadruple the amount of beef produced because cattle raised in integrated crop and livestock systems gain weight more quickly. That spares remaining Amazonian forests from deforestation.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>These sustainable ranching practices also reduce the greenhouse gases associated with beef and leather production. Better nourished cows are slaughtered sooner, meaning fewer burps per cow per lifetime, leading to lower methane emissions.</b></font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Brazil’s progressive environmental protections have even pushed corporations that operate in the Amazon to adopt more sustainable practices.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Since 2006, hundreds of multinational food and timber companies, including <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Cargill and Nestle</span>, have adopted “zero-deforestation commitments” – pledges that they will never again source products from farmers who continue to deforest their land.</b></font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The commitments started in the Brazilian Amazon and have since extended to all forests on the planet, including the Indonesian and Malaysian rainforests.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Brazilian law, which restricts Amazonian farmers from clearing more than 20 percent of their land and requires them to <b>federally register their property for monitoring</b>, has made it easier for zero-deforestation companies to drop producers who cut down trees.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Saving the Amazon</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Strong environmental protections are necessary to save the Amazon, protecting Brazil and the world from the loss of this critical, fragile habitat.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">If Brazil’s next president dismantles its environmental laws, corporations could abandon their zero-deforestation standards in the Amazon. That could have ripple effects in other threatened habitats worldwide.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Far from being bad for business, Brazil’s Amazonian protections help sustain the country as a global breadbasket.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">If Bolsonaro scraps them, he won’t just imperil a legendary rainforest. He’ll hurt Brazilian farmers, too – and the consumers worldwide who depend on them.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Agriculture</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Climate change</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Forests</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Deforestation</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Rainforests</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Brazil</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">South America</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Latin America</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Meat production</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Amazon forest</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Environmental policy</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Climate and agriculture</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">cattle farming</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jair Bolsonaro</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Brazil election 2018</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Brazilian Companies Illegally Degrading the Amazon Continue to ...</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">https://psmag.com/.../brazilian-companies-continue-to-degrade-amazon-with-impunity</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">May 6, 2019 - In an emailed statement, Cargill said "these allegations are without merit" and ... Abiove cited Brazil's "soy moratorium" which uses data from the Brazil-based ... Research to monitor soybeanplanting in deforested areas occurring after July of ... Experts fear deforestation will be fueled under the Bolsonaro ...</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cargill rejects Cerrado soy moratorium, pledges $30 million search for ...</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">https://news.mongabay.com/.../cargill-rejects-cerrado-soy-moratorium-pledges-30-mil...</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jul 10, 2019 - The 2006 Amazon Soy Moratorium — a voluntary agreement ... of that native vegetation loss occurring in the Brazilian Cerrado biome, bordering on the Amazon. ... in Jair Bolsonaro's political base — the current Brazilian president ran ... The pact got soybean traders like Cargill to agree to voluntarily stop ...</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Brazilian tribes fined for GMO soy crops on reservations - Reuters</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">https://www.reuters.com/...brazil-indigenous-soy/brazilian-tribes-fined-for-gmo-soy-c...</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jun 8, 2018 - Chief Joao Ponce, head of the Uirapuru indigenous community, stands in ... as ADM, Cargill and Bunge if they are caught buying soy grown on native land. ... reais for buying crops grown on illegally deforested land in the Amazon. ... China's appetite for Brazilian soybeans has driven up land values in Mato ...</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Missing: bolsonaro ?| Must include:&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">bolsonaro</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cargill says food industry will miss zero deforestation goal - Reuters</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">https://www.reuters.com/...brazil.../cargill-says-food-industry-will-miss-zero-deforestat...</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jun 13, 2019 - Grains trader Cargill Inc said on Thursday it and the broader food industry will ... and pledged to do more to protect forests and native vegetation in Brazil. ... the Amazon rainforest in Brazil, a top supplier of soybeans to Cargill, sped ... under Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro's five-month-old government as ...</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">[PDF]</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Complicity in Destruction II - Amazon Watch</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">https://amazonwatch.org/assets/files/2019-complicity-in-destruction-2.pdf</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Apr 8, 2019 - ENABLE BOLSONARO'S ASSAULT ON THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON ... indigenous peoples and traditional communities who call it home, and are proven ..... many of Brazil's main exports are forest-risk commodities, such as soybeans, ..... Like Cargill, Netherlands-based Louis Dreyfus is a private company.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Sustainable Soy in Brazil | Cargill</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">https://www.cargill.com/sustainability/soy/sustainable-soy-in-brazil</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cargill is building on more than 15 years of progress to protect the Amazon and advance ... soyproduction in Brazil, the world's second largest producer of soybeans. ... Cargill respect and uphold the rights of workers, indigenous peoples and ... Through free and fair trade, we connect societies facing shortages in soy and its ...</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Missing: bolsonaro ?| Must include:&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">bolsonaro</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Fighting Deforestation & Poverty with Sustainable Soy | Cargill</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">https://www.cargill.com/history-story/en/SUPPORTING-BRAZILIAN-FOREST.jsp</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">After opening a soy processing site in Brazil, Cargill partners with a ... of TNC inspects a native Amazonype tree as part of the More Sustainable Soy Program's ...</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Missing: bolsonaro ?| Must include:&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">bolsonaro</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Strict Amazon protections made Brazilian farmers more productive ...</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">theconversation.com/strict-amazon-protections-made-brazilian-farmers-more-producti...</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Nov 5, 2018 - But preventing Amazonian deforestation has actually made farmland more productive. ... Jair Bolsonaro, Brazil's new president, will make many decisions ... used for agriculture, primarily cattle ranching but also soybean production. ... indigenous territories that safeguard forests from private developers and ...</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Brazil's soya farms an environmental flashpoint | Financial Times</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">https://www.ft.com/content/c54abafe-ad30-11e8-8253-48106866cd8a</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Oct 15, 2018 - In the Amazon, by contrast, farmers are required by law to preserve 80 per cent of the native plants on their land. In the cerrado, there is no moratorium to stop the sale of soya harvested ... Inthe last decade, the biome lost 236,000 sq km of native ... The probable election of far-right candidate Jair Bolsonaro, ...</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Farm Deregulation Puts Bolsonaro on Collision Course With Buyers ...</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">https://www.bloomberg.com/.../farm-deregulation-puts-bolsonaro-on-collision-course...</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Oct 26, 2018 - Pledges by Brazilian presidential front-runner Jair Bolsonaro to ease ... agribusiness giants including Cargill Inc. and Bunge Ltd. In a statement, Abiove cited ... on purchases of soybeans from newly deforested land in the Amazon region. ... open up indigenous reserves to farming and mining and merge the ...</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Amazon Deforestation Linked to McDonald's, Other Retail Food Giants: Large-scale agribusiness operations clear large swathes of native forest to make way for soy plantations. See Food.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The HSUS has worked with dozens of the nation’s leading food retailers – from Costco to Kroger to Burger King – to phase out their purchase of pork from operations who confine the sows in gestation crates. This list now includes the biggest names in pig production – Smithfield, Cargill, and even Tyson – all of which have made pledges on this front. Berman’s calling card for years was his cachet with the food and restaurant industry, yet he’s been an abject failure in his attempt to preserve the status quo. His cynical attempt to rename gestation crates as “maternity pens” has gone nowhere. Our campaigns have also led the entirety of the veal industry to convert to crate-free by 2017. And we are seeing major movement in the egg industry away from extreme confinement, especially since we crushed Berman and others in the fight over Prop 2 in California in 2008.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"Ten Least Wanted" list</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 2002, Cargill, Smithfield Foods and Tyson Foods made the Sierra Club's "Ten Least Wanted" list.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">6. Cargill Promises to Stop Contributing to Deforestation</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Probably the most concrete progress to come out of the September UN Climate Summit was the New York Declaration on Forests, a pledge by multinational companies such as Asia Pulp and Paper and Unilever to cut worldwide deforestation in half by 2020 and to eliminate it completely by 2030. One of the signatories was Cargill, the privately held agri-business giant. As CEO Dave MacLennan said at the UN: “We understand that this sort of commitment cannot be limited to just select commodities or supply chains. That’s why Cargill will take practical measures to protect forests across our agricultural supply chains around the world.”</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In a word, this is HUGE. From the pantanal of Brazil—where forests are razed for soy plantations and cattle ranches—to the ancient peat forests of Borneo—where trees are cut down to make plant massive palm monocrops—agriculture is the biggest driver of deforestation worldwide. We are humans are, quite literally, eating up wild nature.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Of course, it’s one thing to make a pledge; it’s another thing to keep it. Environmental groups and other public interest watchdogs will have to stay on top of national governments and mega-corporations to ensure they keep their promises. Here’s hoping they do.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">green plastic?&nbsp; http://www.onearth.org/blog/green-plastic-sustainable-disposable</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Not according to eco-plastic companies. When I spoke with Claudia Capitini of Eco-Products, a Boulder-based company that makes “green” disposables, she cited a double rationale for her company’s sustainability claims: their products are made from plants, not petroleum, and because of that, they can biodegrade instead of breaking down over centuries in landfills.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">So let’s look at each of those in turn. It’s true that most plastic “cold” cups (think the classic red Solo) are typically made from virgin petroleum, while paper “hot” cups (think your morning coffee) tend to be made from precious virgin hardwoods (see “Starbucks’s Quest for a Better Cup”). Both fossil fuels and forests are non-renewable resources (or at least, they’re resources that can be renewed only over centuries and millennia). So instead, Eco-Products uses plant-based plastics made from corn biopolymers for its cold cups, while its hot cups are made from sugar cane and bamboo. They’re still plastic, but the company’s argument is that it’s a lot easier to grow new crops than new forests.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">But plastic made from crops introduces a new set of environmental problems. Food service suppliers don’t make their own plastic -- they buy it, wholesale, from a company called Natureworks. Natureworks is owned by multinational agribusiness giant Cargill; its plant-based plastic, branded Ingeo, is the only game in town for eco-plastic goods. That means the corn inside each “eco-friendly” plastic cup was grown with stiff pesticides and gas-guzzling combines. Still, according to Natureworks, “Ingeo results in 60% less greenhouse gases than the oil-based … plastic it replaces.”</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The second argument for “green” plastic is that it has a&nbsp; better “end-of-life” footprint. Traditional plastics can be recycled, but they frequently end up in landfills, where they do not biodegrade, or tossed on the side of a road somewhere, where decomposition takes centuries. Worse, some plastics leach toxic chemicals as they break down.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Corn-based plastic is, in theory, biodegradable and, instead of being thrown away, can be composted for future use in farming, gardening, and topsoil. And though more testing should be done, Natureworks claims that improperly disposed plant plastic releases no harmful chemicals into the environment.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">redwood city real estate?</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">---</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">A new report reveals that the nation's largest private agribusiness company -- Minneapolis-based Cargill -- is a major culprit behind rainforest destruction. It turns out that Cargill, who both owns their own palm oil plantations and buys and trades palm oil from others, is directly destroying rainforests in Indonesia to produce palm oil, endangering orangutans, among other species. 5/10</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">---</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cargill, Inc. is based in Wayzata, MN and is the second largest private corporation in the United States, after Koch Industries. The companies diversified operations include grain, cotton, sugar, petroleum and financial trading; processed food; futures brokering; health and pharmaceutical products; animal feed and agrochemicals. Industrial products include biofuels, oils and lubricants, starches and salt. Cargill is one of the top U.S. grain producers. Its Excel unit is one of the top U.S. meatpackers. Brand names include Diamond Crystal salt, Gerkens cocoa, Honeysuckle White poultry, Sterling Silver meats and Nutrena dog and cat food.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In the fiscal year ending in May of 2009, the company reported sales of 116.579 billion dollars and had 159,000 employees. [1]</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Contents</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">[hide]</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">1 Overview & history</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">1.1 Obsessively private</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">2 Health issues</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">2.1 Lawsuit: Minnesota E.-coli outbreak traced to Cargill</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">2.2 Cargill's response</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">2.3 Food borne illnesses & high risk meat products</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">2.4 "Animal Nutrition Young Scientist Award"</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">3 Sierra Club's "Ten Least Wanted" list</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">4 Political contributions</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">5 Public relations & lobbying</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">5.1 Center for Consumer Freedom</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">6 Finances</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">6.1 Spreading the wealth</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">7 Personnel</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">7.1 Key executives</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">7.2 Former executives</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">8 Contact</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">9 Articles & sources</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">9.1 SourceWatch articles</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">9.2 References</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">9.3 External articles</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Overview & history</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cargill is the largest supplier of grains in the world. It is the world's second largest supplier of animal feed and the second largest supplier for food and industrial starches. The company is also the second largest meat packer in the U.S., after Tyson Foods. Excel was bought by Cargill in 1979 and has divisions in Australia and Canada. The company also owns Caprock, a large beef feed lot operation. Cargill is the second largest turkey processor in the U.S. It also owns Sunny Fresh egg products and Empack Foods, a meat processing company. Cargill owns Wisepack Transport, a refrigerated trucking company which transports Empack Foods and Wisconsin products across the U.S. [2]</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Obsessively private</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cargill has been described as the "most dominating and obsessively private". Cargill is twice the size of its closest rival, Archer Daniels Midland. In sales Cargill, is the 19th-largest company in America. The company runs over a thousand production sites and in 59 countries. Cargill or farmers working for the company, raise 17% of the world's turkeys. In the U.S., it controls 22% of beef production and 25% of grain and oilseed exports. Its vast financial trading branch is a leading commodity broker and a heavyweight in sovereign debt. Cargill reportedly controlled one quarter of Russia's bond market.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Is this behemoth too big or its own good or the good of the country? Suspicions run deep as Cargill goes to such lengths to keep a low profile. Some foreign facilities do not even bear the company's name and its annual report contains no financial tables. Even former employees are reticent about their previous employer. The company has been incomparably adept at growing without having to go public and having to make the compromises that entails. According to lawyer C. Daniel Clemente, a Cargill family trustee:</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"Cargill should be the Harvard Business School model for how to stay private."</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cargill was founded in 1865 by William and Samuel Cargill, sons of a Scottish sea captain. It started as a lone grain storage flat house in a frontier town in Iowa. The company grew like bamboo, snaking its roots below ground and shooting up in unexpected places. From the grain trade, Cargill diversified into farming, milling, flavoring, energy trading and a global mixture of seemingly unrelated ventures such as steel, finances and ownership of a Las Vegas casino. The businesses operated autonomously, unaware or unconcerned with each other. [3] William's son-in-law, John MacMillan took control of the company in 1909. The Cargill family owns 88% of company and the remainder is employee owned. In 2008, the company's net profits were almost 4 billion dollars, up 69% from previous year. The company also owns the majority of the publicly traded Mosaic Company, which makes fertilizer. [4]</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Health issues</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Lawsuit: Minnesota E.-coli outbreak traced to Cargill</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In December of 2009, a Minnesota woman sued Cargill for $100 million after becoming severely ill from an E. coli infection. Stephanie Smith, 22, became ill in September of 2007 after eating a tainted hamburger traced to Cargill. Her infection led to hemolytic uremic syndrome, causing kidney failure. She suffered from seizures and spent three months in a medically induced coma. The former children's dance instructor spent two years in rehabilitation and remains in a wheelchair. She was featured in a New York Times story that traced hamburger to four plants in two countries, revealing how the modern meat packing industry operates. The story generated worldwide attention and spurred Congress to consider tougher food safety laws. The lawsuit was filed in federal court in Minneapolis and names the Wichita based Cargill Meat Solutions. According to Bill Marler, her Seattle-based food-illness attorney:</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"What it comes down to is Cargill really believes it's not their fault. They believe that it's one of their supplier's faults, but there's no evidence to suggest which one of their suppliers is at fault."</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Ms. Smith's medical bills have already totaled over two million dollars. It is estimated that they will add up to tens of millions. Her attorney predicted she would need multiple kidney transplants and likely remain in a wheelchair. Cargill has paid for some of her medical bills. According to her attorney, Ms. Smith's case is exceptional due to the severity of her injuries:</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"She is far and away the most severely injured person who's ever survived this that I've ever seen."[5], [6]</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Ms. Smith developed a rare, but potentially fatal complication from her E. coli infection which shut down her kidneys and ultimately left her paralyzed. Ten other Minnesotans became ill after eating the hamburger. Three of the ten developed the same complications, suggesting a particularly nasty strain. Were it not for Minnesota's Department of Health, more people would have become ill. State health officials quickly linked the outbreak to the hamburger and issued a recall for approximately 850,000 pounds of beef.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cargill's response</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">According to a company statement responding to the New York Times story, Cargill "issued a voluntary recall in October" after they "learned there might be a problem". However, assuming the health department's well publicized recall was already underway, Cargills' recall could hardly be considered "voluntary". They go on to assure that they "conduct nearly 400,000 tests for pathogens each year using a testing methodology that exceeds U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) standards." However, no amount of testing can ensure that meat or dairy is pathogen free. Missing a contaminated particle the size of a pinhead, may potentially result in an infection. According to Dr. Kirk Smith, an epidemiologist from Minnesota's Department of Health, "It's just not physically possible to test your way out of the problem."</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">It is common meat industry practice to use a number of suppliers, both in and outside of the U.S. This practice has led to problems in other industries, such as pet foods and pharmaceuticals. This increases an already high risk of contamination. However, according to Cargill:</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"We are committed to continuous improvement in the area of food safety."[7]</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Food borne illnesses & high risk meat products</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Due to factory farm and slaughterhouse methods; there are risks of food borne illness in virtually all U.S. meats, dairy products and eggs. There are currently no requirements for testing for food borne illnesses due to lobbying by the meat and dairy industries. Cows are raised in huge feed lots the size of cities and become smeared with fecal matter and other filth. Slaughterhouse workers are under pressure to work at an ever increasing pace, sometimes being forced to kill and gut as many as 330 animals an hour. [8]</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">E. Coli bacteria can be found in up to 50% of U.S. cattle carcasses. [9] It has been estimated that 70% of of store brought chickens contain harmful bacteria. [10] and 90% of turkeys. [11] Campylobacter is the leading cause of food-borne illness in the U.S. with the primary source being contaminated chicken flesh. Chicken warehouses may contain 50,000 birds. Antibiotics also make them vulnerable to disease as strains of bacteria become resistant. Approximately 5,000 people a day contract Campylobacter food poisoning every day in the U.S. Chickens in the U.S. are frequently infected with salmonella, unlike European countries where livestock are treated more humanely and given more space, resulting in better health and fewer pathogens. According to Mitchell Cohen, M.D. of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP), there are outbreaks of Salmonella related to almost every animal product, including poultry, beef, pork, eggs and dairy products. Instead of addressing and correcting factory farm conditions which encourage disease, the U.S. meat industry uses irradiation or nuclear radiation to kill pathogens. [12] See also meat & dairy industry, sections 4 & 5.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"Animal Nutrition Young Scientist Award"</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Lance Baumgard, PhD received the 2007 Cargill "Animal Nutrition Young Scientist Award". Dr. Baumgard "writes and speaks on the weak connection between dietary fat and human disease." [13]</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Sierra Club's "Ten Least Wanted" list</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 2002, Cargill made the Sierra Club's "Ten Least Wanted" list.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Just weeks after the second-largest beef recall in history, the Sierra Club released a report on hundreds of criminal and civil violations of America's largest corporate factory farms. The Rap sheet documented convictions for animal cruelty, bribery, records destruction, fraud, worker endangerment and pollution.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"Despite repeated violations of environmental and public health laws, many of the companies highlighted in the Rap Sheets continue to receive millions of dollars every year from the School Lunch Program and other federal food assistance programs." [14]</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Political contributions</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Warren R. Staley, Chairman of Cargill, is a Bush Ranger having raised at least $200,000 for Bush in the 2004 presidential election. [15]</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cargill gave $161,252 to federal candidates in the 2008 election through its political action committee, 33% to Democrats, 67% to Republicans. [16]</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Public relations & lobbying</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cargill spent $240,000 in the first part of 2004 to lobby on issues such as the Clean Air Act, the energy bill and corporate tax modifications." [17]</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The Cargill parent company and its subsidiries; Mosaic Company, Cargill Safelane and Cargill Salt, spent a total of $1,318,066 on lobbying for 2010. Firms used were Cornerstone Government Affairs, Russell & Barron, Charles V. Cunningham, Federal Advocates, Judith Lemons, Alcalde & Fay, Blank Rome LLP, Dawson & Associates and SC Partners. [18]</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Center for Consumer Freedom</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cargill uses deep pockets to finance front groups like the Center for Consumer Freedom (CCF), while staying out of the lime light and protecting their corporate image. CCF runs attack campaigns against health, food safety, animal rights and animal welfare advocates. [19]</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cargill, Pilgrim's Pride, Tyson Foods and two other "fresh meat" companies with major Arkansas operations donate at least $100,000 a year to CCF, according to documents obtained by PR Watch in 2003. Cargill officials confirmed donations up to $100,000. See also CCF selected campaigns.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cargill is also member of the American Meat Institute and the Meat Promotion Coalition.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Finances</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Spreading the wealth</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">No less than eight members of the Cargill-MacMillan family are represented on Forbes The 400 Richest Americans 2009, including company owners James R. Cargill, Mary Janet Morse Cargill, Marianne Cargill Liebmann and Austen S. Cargill.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cargill MacMillan, Jr. - age 82 - net worth - 4.3 billion.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Whitney MacMillan - age 80 - net worth 4.3 billion</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Marion MacMillan Pictet - age 76 - net worth - 4.3 billion</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Pauline MacMillan Keinath - age - 75 - net worth - 4.3 billion</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">James R. Cargill, II - age 60, net worth 1.6 billion</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Mary Janet Morse Cargill - age 85 - net worth - $1.6 billion</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Marianne Cargill Liebmann - age 56 - net worth - $1.6 billion</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Austen S. Cargill, II - age 58 - net worth 1.3 billion [20]</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Personnel</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Key executives</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Gregory Page - Chairman & CEO</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">David MacLennan - SVP & CFO</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Rita Heise - Corporate VP & CIO[21]</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Former executives</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Whitney MacMillan - chairman emeritus</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Kerry Hawkins - former president</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Contact</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cargill, Inc.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">15407 McGinty Rd. West</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Wayzata, MN 55391</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Phone: 952-742-7575</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Fax: 952-742-7393</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Web address: http://www.cargill.com</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Articles & sources</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">SourceWatch articles</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">American Meat Institute</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cargill Eddyville Power Plant</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Center for Consumer Freedom</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">CCF funding</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">CCF selected campaigns</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Devry Boughner</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Meat & Dairy industry</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Meat Promotion Coalition</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Pharmaceutical industry</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Processed food industry</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">U.S. Government's War on Animals</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">War on Animals</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">References</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? Cargill Profile, Hoovers, accessed February 2010</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? Steve Hannaford Oligopoly Brief: Cargill, Oligopoly Watch, updated September 2007</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? Neil Weinberg, Brandon Copple Largest Private Companies: Going Against The Grain, Forbes, November 25, 2002</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? James R. Cargill II: The Forbes 400 Richest Americans 2009, Forbes, September 30, 2009</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? Minn. woman sues Cargill for tainted hamburger, Associated Press, December 2009</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? Micheal Moss E. Coli Path Shows Flaws in Beef Inspection, New York Times, October 3, 2009</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? More reason to fix food safety system: Cold Spring woman's illness points to need for safety measures., Minneapolis-St. Paul Star-Tribune, October 7, 2009</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? Lynn Truong The Cost of Meat—The Public Health Argument, Wisebread, May 2007</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? 991147 Deadly E. Coli Bug May Affect Half of Cattle, Meat Industry Internet News, November 1999</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? Consumer Reports Finds 71 Percent of Store-Bought Chicken Contains Harmful Bacteria, Consumer Reports, February 1998</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? Hazardous Is Your Turkey, Center for Science in the Public Interest, November 1998</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? Lynn Truong The Cost of Meat—The Public Health Argument, Wisebread, May 2007</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? NAIA Officers & Board Members, National Animal Interest Alliance, accessed September 2009</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? Report and Online Database Document Animal Cruelty, Pollution Spills, Indiana Sierra, Fall 2002</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? Pioneers and Rangers, Texans for Public Justice, accessed August 2007.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? 2008 PAC Summary Data, Open Secrets, accessed February 2010</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? Business & Lobbying", The Hill, December 8, 2004.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? Cargill 2010 lobbying expenses, Open Secrets, accessed January 2011</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? Adam Voiland Ten Things the Food Industry Doesn't Want You to Know, U.S. News and World Report, pg. 2, October 17, 2008</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? Special Report: The 400 Richest Americans 2009, Forbes, September 30, 2009</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? Cargill Key Executives, Hoovers, accessed February 2010</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">External articles</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">John Lippert, "Cargill Defines Food Chain While Assailing Government Hoarding," Bloomberg, July 26, 2011.</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Bill Marler Will Cargill, a Multi-Billion Dollar Privately Held Company, Face Punitive Damages in the Case of the Paralyzed Dancer? You Decide, Marler Blog, February 19, 2010</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Bill Marler E. coli Lawsuit to be filed against food giant Cargill on behalf of Stephanie Smith, Marler Blog, December 3, 2009</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Richard Piersol Beef industry under fire after N.Y. Times article, Lincoln Journal-Star, October 17, 2009</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">David E. Gumpert & William Pentland, USDA Bets the Farm on Animal ID Program, The Nation, December 2007</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Categories: Global corporations | Agriculture | Corporations | Corporations Targeted by BEN Campaigns | Food industry | Animal commerce | Pharmaceutical industry | International trade | Miscellaneous coal plant operators in the United States | Finance | Diseases</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">===</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">[http://www.grist.org/article/whats-in-your-food-thats-destroying-orangutans/ A new report] reveals that the nation's largest private agribusiness company -- Minneapolis-based Cargill -- is a major culprit behind rainforest destruction. It turns out that Cargill, who both owns their own palm oil plantations and buys and trades palm oil from others, is directly destroying rainforests in Indonesia to produce palm oil, endangering orangutans, among other species. 5/10&nbsp; Cargill also has a [http://www.grist.org/article/the-fight-over-salt/ stealth campaign] to undermine [http://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/30/health/30salt.html?pagewanted=all efforts to lower salt].</font></font></font></font></div>