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</font></div><div><a href="https://cen.acs.org/articles/95/web/2017/03/FMC-buy-DuPonts-pesticide-business.html"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">https://cen.acs.org/articles/95/web/2017/03/FMC-buy-DuPonts-pesticide-business.html</font></a></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><div class="rtetext parbase section" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 20px; line-height: 1.5;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Taking another step toward completing its merger with Dow Chemical, DuPont has agreed to sell a large portion of its crop protection business to FMC.</b></font></p></div><div class="rtetext parbase section" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 20px; line-height: 1.5;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The sale will satisfy DuPont’s commitment to the anti-trust regulators of the European Union, which gave a conditional green light to the Dow deal on Monday. In return, DuPont will receive $1.6 billion and FMC’s health and nutrition business.</font></p></div><div class="rtetext parbase section" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 20px; line-height: 1.5;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The&nbsp;<a href="http://www.dupont.com/corporate-functions/media-center/press-releases/dupont-announces-agreement-with-fmc.html" title="DuPont Announces Agreement with FMC" target="_blank" style="text-decoration-line: none;">asset swap</a>&nbsp;will make FMC the fifth-largest crop protection chemical company in the world with estimated annual revenue of $3.8 billion. In the deal, FMC will get DuPont’s insecticides that control chewing and sucking insects on fruit and vegetable crops, including Rynaxypyr and Cyazypyr, which together are expected to generate <b>$1 billion in sales in this year. </b>FMC will also get DuPont’s broadleaf herbicide portfolio for cereal crops.</font></p></div><div class="rtetext parbase section" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 20px; line-height: 1.5;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Of longer-term importance, the deal transfers to FMC most of DuPont’s agriculture R&D footprint. The research organization is made up of a crop protection headquarters in Delaware, 14 regional labs, a research workforce, and regulatory staff. FMC also gets DuPont’s development pipeline of 14 active ingredients.</font></p></div><div class="rtetext parbase section" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 20px; line-height: 1.5;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Overall, the DuPont crop protection businesses being sold represented roughly $1.4 billion in sales and $450 million in earnings in 2016</b>. FMC says the products complement its broad spectrum insecticide and pre- and post-emergent herbicide portfolios.</font></p></div><div class="rtetext parbase section" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 20px; line-height: 1.5;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“By combining these high-value products and R&D capabilities with our own product portfolio, pipeline, and formulation expertise, FMC will be able to serve our customers better and accelerate the pace at which we bring new solutions to the market,” says FMC CEO Pierre Brondeau.</font></p></div><div class="rtetext parbase section" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 20px; line-height: 1.5;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>The swap will help cement FMC’s competitive position in agriculture, </b>says Laurence Alexander, chemical analyst at the investment bank Jefferies. He points out that FMC easily could have lost out to BASF.</font></p></div><div class="rtetext parbase section" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 20px; line-height: 1.5;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">“Had the assets gone to BASF, FMC would have been viewed as a stranded, lower-quality agrichemical portfolio due to investor concerns over the strength of the R&D pipeline after the current family of candidates are commercialized</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,” Alexander wrote in a note to investors.</span></font></p></div><div class="rtetext parbase section" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 20px; line-height: 1.5;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Although DuPont was expected to sell the agriculture portfolio, an unexpected part of the deal is FMC’s agreement to sell its $700 million-per-year food and pharmaceutical ingredients business to DuPont. FMC produces texturing agents, such as the biopolymers carrageenan and alginates, as well as excipients used in drugs. DuPont has its own nutrition and health business that sells products such as probiotics and the food texturant pectin.</font></p></div><div class="rtetext parbase section" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 20px; line-height: 1.5;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">According to DuPont, the deal with FMC will happen after it completes its merger with Dow, which is now expected to occur between Aug, 1 and Sept. 1 of this year.</font></p></div><div class="rtetext parbase section" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 20px; line-height: 1.5;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Dow and DuPont say they remain committed to then splitting the combined firm into three independent companies—materials science, agriculture, and specialty products—within 18 months. The two firms say the materials science business will emerge first.</font></p></div></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;Endangered species at heart of environmental groups’ challenge Three California-based conservation advocates sued the EPA for endangering wildlife and public health as a result of exposure to a carcinogenic insecticide.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The lawsuit—filed by the Center for Biological Diversity, Center for Environmental Health, and Californians for Pesticide Reform—alleges that the Environmental Protection Agency and the Fish and Wildlife Service failed to properly weigh impacts on rare species from a chemical they call both a carcinogen and a neurotoxin</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">FMC to buy DuPont's pesticide business - C&EN - American ...cen.acs.org › articles › web › 2017/03 › FMC-buy-DuPonts-pesticide-...</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Mar 31, 2017 - Taking another step toward completing its merger with Dow Chemical, DuPont has agreed to sell a large portion of its crop protection business ...</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">A tea plantation worker sprays pesticides at Tata's Periakanal estate in Kerala, India. Photo: Vivek M. / Greenpeace</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Revealed: The pesticide giants making billions on toxic and bee-harming chemicals</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Groundbreaking joint investigation reveals enormous sales of ‘highly hazardous pesticides’ by leading members of the CropLife International lobby group</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The world’s five biggest pesticide manufacturers are making more than a third of their income from leading products selling chemicals that pose serious hazards to human health and the environment, a joint investigation by Unearthed and Public Eye has found.&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Analysis of a huge database of 2018’s top-selling “crop protection products” has revealed the world’s leading agrochemical companies made more than 35% of their sales from pesticides classed as “highly hazardous” to people, animals or ecosystems.&nbsp;</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The investigation identified billions of dollars of income for agrochemical giants BASF, Bayer, Corteva, FMC and Syngenta from chemicals found by regulatory authorities to pose health hazards like cancer or reproductive failure.&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">It also found more than a billion dollars of their sales came from chemicals – some now banned in European markets – that are highly toxic to bees. Over two thirds of these sales were made in low- and middle-income countries like Brazil and India.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">By far the most valuable markets for the highly hazardous pesticides sold by these companies were the commodity crops soya and corn, grown in large part to provide animal feed for the meat industry.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Visualisations by Nadieh Bremer]</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The database, obtained from leading agribusiness intelligence firm Phillips McDougall, covers $23.3bn in pesticide sales across 43 different countries. These sales represent the leading products in the world’s highest-spending pesticide markets, and amount to around 40% of the global agrochemical market.&nbsp;</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Unearthed and Public Eye, an NGO that investigates human rights abuses by Swiss companies, combed this dataset for sales of chemicals on the Pesticide Action Network (PAN) International list of highly hazardous pesticides (HHPs).</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The investigation found that close to half (41%) of the leading products of the agrochemical giants BASF, Bayer, Corteva, FMC and Syngenta contained at least one HHP.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">There is a huge disconnect between what those companies are saying and what they are actually doing</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Between them these companies control close to two thirds of the global agrochemicals market, and comprise five out of six members of the influential lobby group CropLife International.&nbsp;</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Of the $13.4bn of sales by the CropLife companies in the dataset, $4.8bn went on chemicals found by regulatory agencies to pose hazards like acute poisoning or chronic illness in people, or high toxicity to bees and other wildlife.&nbsp;</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The group’s full annual income from these chemicals will be billions of dollars greater, because the data analysed covered less than half of total global sales.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The investigation’s key findings include that:</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The CropLife members made 10% of their leading products income ($1.3bn) from chemicals classed by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as highly toxic to bees. These include neonicotinoids produced by Germany’s Bayer and Switzerland-based Syngenta, which were permanently banned from outdoor use in the European Union in 2018. Brazil was their main market for these chemicals.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">CropLife members made almost $3bn (22% of sales) from chemicals found by regulators to pose chronic health hazards. Among their top sellers were BASF’s weedkiller glufosinate and Corteva’s fungicide cyproconazole, both classed by EU regulators as damaging to fertility, sexual function or the unborn child. But by far CropLife’s biggest seller was glyphosate, classed by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a “probable human carcinogen”. Glyphosate manufacturer Bayer and various regulators have rejected this classification.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">CropLife members made $596m (4%) of sales from pesticides classed as highly toxic by the World Health Organisation (WHO) or as fatal if inhaled. Syngenta accounted for a large majority of these sales, with its top sellers including paraquat, a herbicide so toxic that a single sip can kill, which has long been banned in Europe and Switzerland.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The CropLife group made the majority of its highly hazardous pesticide sales in low- and middle-income countries like Brazil and India, where experts say the risks posed by using these chemicals are greatest.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">These companies’ biggest markets for highly hazardous pesticides were the commodity crops soya and corn. These two crops alone accounted for around half of CropLife HHP sales.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">These five companies alone accounted for almost half (48%) of all HHPs identified in the Phillips McDougall database.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Meriel Watts, a senior science and policy advisor to PAN, told Unearthed: “This investigation shows that there is a huge disconnect between what those companies are saying in the international policy arena and what they are actually doing.”</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">What is CropLife International?</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">CropLife International is an influential trade association and lobby group for the world’s major agrochemical and agricultural biotech companies. Its members Syngenta, Bayer Crop Science, BASF, Corteva Agriscience, and FMC are the five biggest pesticide companies in the world by agrochemical turnover. CropLife’s sixth member is the Japanese company Sumitomo Chemical, the world’s 8th biggest pesticide company. Sumitomo is not included in this investigation.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In international negotiations on pesticide regulation, the CropLife International lobby group is a well-funded and influential voice. Its members include the five leading agrochemical companies by turnover, plus the Japanese company Sumitomo.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">CropLife argues that HHPs are an “important tool to fight against crop losses” and should be used as a last resort to help farmers “produce enough food for a growing population”.&nbsp;</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">But the group says the majority of HHPs sold in developing countries are not manufactured by its members, and that its own members have “led by example” with measures like training millions of people in risk reduction techniques, such as wearing protective equipment.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Soya, corn and cotton make Brazil world leader for hazardous pesticides</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">However, Baskut Tuncak, the United Nations’ special rapporteur on toxic substances and human rights, rejected the idea that the risks posed by HHPs could be managed safely.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The impacts are unquestionable, but the system is rigged so that they are also unprovable</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“There is nothing sustainable about the widespread use of highly hazardous pesticides for agriculture,” Tuncak told Unearthed. “Whether they poison workers, extinguish biodiversity, persist in the environment, or accumulate in a mother’s breast milk, these are unsustainable, cannot be used safely, and should have been phased out of use long ago.”</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Unearthed and Public Eye’s investigation found that the CropLife companies made on average 27% of sales income from HHPs in high-income countries; but for low- and middle-income countries the proportion rose to 45%. In their most important LMIC markets, Brazil and India, HHPs made up 49% and 59% of sales respectively.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Tuncak commented: “We are in the midst of an invisible explosion of pesticide use in low-and middle-income countries that are ill-equipped to manage such hazards.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“Governments do not have enough capacity to monitor conditions on countless farms and plantations, analyse food and environmental samples, track the health of seasonal and migrant workers, investigate allegations of gross misconduct on farms and plantations, or verify the integrity of the information being provided by industry-funded scientists.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“From the testimonies of workers to the collapse of biodiversity, the impacts are unquestionable, but the system is rigged so that they are also unprovable.”</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">CropLife itself says that its members reviewed their entire portfolios between 2015 and 2016 and concluded that only 15% of their products were HHPs.&nbsp;</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Further, they found that 10% were HHPs “that can be used safely and responsibly” and only 2.5% “required risk mitigation measures or were withdrawn from the market”.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">What are highly hazardous pesticides (HHPs)?</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The World Health Organisation (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the UN (FAO) define HHPs as “pesticides that are acknowledged to present particularly high levels of acute or chronic hazards to health or the environment according to internationally accepted classification systems”. Environmental hazards include problems like water source contamination, or “disruption of ecosystem functions” like pollination. However, they have never produced a list of HHPs. To fill this gap Pesticide Action Network International produces the only consolidated list, which is based on classifications made by the WHO, the European Chemicals Agency, the International Agency for Research on Cancer, and the US EPA.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">CropLife International declined to tell Unearthed which of its members’ products it classed as HHPs. However, its director of international regulatory affairs Christoph Neumann said their analysis had probably differed because they used different criteria to the Pesticide Action Network for defining HHPS.&nbsp;</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In particular the group objects to the use of what it calls “environmental” criteria by PAN.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“The criteria cited by PAN are often environmental criteria that are not agreed or yet endorsed” by the FAO and the WHO, he explained.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Driven toward extinction</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The only detailed classifications the UN agencies have so far agreed for HHPs concern effects on human health, like acute poisoning or cancer.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">This has led pesticide companies to argue that there are in effect no globally agreed standards for classing a pesticide as highly hazardous on environmental grounds.&nbsp;</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">This argument may not last. A 2019 publication by the FAO and the WHO suggests there are strong grounds for classing neonicotinoid insecticides as highly hazardous.&nbsp;</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">We are losing wildlife, particularly insects. The crisis is driven by a combination of factors but there is no doubt that pesticides are harming pollinators</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">There is, it states, a “rapidly growing body of evidence” that “existing levels of environmental contamination” by neonicotinoids “are causing large-scale adverse effects on bees and other beneficial insects”.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“The need to severely restrict their use and prevent future registration is gaining a large consensus,” it continues. “The European Union has already issued a complete and permanent ban on all outdoor uses of the three most commonly used neonicotinoid pesticides: clothianidin, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam.”</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Three quarters of the world’s food crops depend at least in part on pollinators, and a growing number of pollinator species worldwide are being “driven towards extinction”, according to a global 2016 study.&nbsp;</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">UN special rapporteur Baskut Tuncak told Unearthed that the threat neonicotinoid pesticides “present to our food security and our biodiversity is a human rights concern, in and of itself”.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">A dead bee. There is growing evidence that the use of neonicotinoids is adversely affecting bees on a large scale. Photo: Greenpeace</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The neonicotinoid thiamethoxam was Syngenta’s biggest selling HHP in 2018, our investigation found, accounting for 7% of the company’s sales ($242.5m). Similarly, imidacloprid was in Bayer’s top ten biggest selling HHPs, with sales of $101m. In both cases, the main market was Brazil – a country that hosts up to 20% of the world’s remaining biodiversity.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In addition to these neonicotinoids, Unearthed and Public Eye identified a further 37 chemicals sold by the CropLife companies that are classed as highly toxic to bees.&nbsp;</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Among them were chlorfenapyr and fipronil – another chemical linked to mass bee deaths – manufactured by the German chemicals giant BASF.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Syngenta and BASF both declined to comment directly for this story. Syngenta – which was responsible for close to half (42%) of CropLife’s $1.3bn of bee-toxic pesticide sales – has recently argued that journalists are “overstating the science that clearly exists” on insect declines.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">However, University of Sussex biology professor Dave Goulson told Unearthed: “There is overwhelming evidence that we are in the middle of a biodiversity crisis, with extinction roughly 1,000 times the natural rate.&nbsp;</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“We are losing wildlife, particularly insects. The crisis is driven by a combination of factors but there is no doubt that pesticides are harming pollinators.”</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The nuclear industry has been a defining client for the Whitman Strategy Group, but the firm's first ongoing client was FMC Corporation. FMC is a chemical and pesticide manufacturer "responsible for 136 Superfund sites around the country" that's been "subject to 47 EPA enforcement actions," according to the Star-Ledger. The New Jersey paper reported that FMC is "negotiating with EPA over the cleanup of arsenic-contaminated soil at a factory near Buffalo, N.Y." In response, Whitman told the Star-Ledger that "she will never represent any company looking to dodge environmental responsibilities." FMC has paid the Whitman Strategy Group at least $70,000, according to federal lobbying reports.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">http://www.commondreams.org/views/2007/08/28/other-half-nuclear-industrys-power-couple-christine-todd-whitman</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">fmc foundation $ to CEI</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/09/18/industry-toxic-chemicals-funding-conflicts-of-interest_n_5837968.html</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">uc b epidemiologist paid off?</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">James Pearce is the environmental general manager for FMC Corp., which had to</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">pay the largest civil penalty ever obtained under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act for repeatedly violating the hazardous waste law at its phosphorus production facility in Pocatello, Idaho.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=FMC_Corporation</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"FMC Corporation is a diversified chemical company serving agricultural, industrial and consumer markets globally for more than a century with innovative solutions, applications and quality products. In 2010, FMC had annual sales of approximately $3.1 billion. " [1]</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">[hide]</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">1 Board</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">2 Resources and articles</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">2.1 Related Sourcewatch</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">2.2 References</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Board</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Accessed December 2011: [2]</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Pierre Brondeau</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Eduardo E. Cordeiro</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">G. Peter D’Aloia</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">C. Scott Greer</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Dirk A. Kempthorne</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Edward J. Mooney</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Paul J. Norris</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Robert C. Pallash</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">William H. Powell</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Enrique J. Sosa</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Vincent R. Volpe, Jr.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Resources and articles</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Related Sourcewatch</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Christine Todd Whitman</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">James R. Thompson</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Robert J. McManus</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Whitman Strategy Group</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Cheryl Francis</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Western Business Roundtable</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Mid America CropLife Association</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">National Center for Food and Agriculture Policy</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Stephen F. Gates</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Mark Kastel</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Herbicides</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Oceans Caucus Foundation</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">References</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? Profile, FMC, accessed December 15, 2011.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">? Board, FMC, accessed December 15, 2011.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp; =</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">wiki</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">FMC Corporation is an American chemical manufacturing company headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. FMC employs some 5,500 people world wide, and had gross revenues of US$ 3.4 billion in 2011.[4]</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">1 History</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">1.1 The Bean Spray Pump Company</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">1.2 FMC</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">1.3 Spinoffs</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">1.4 Issues</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">1.5 Recently</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">2 References</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">3 Further reading</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">4 External links</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">5 Gallery</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">History[edit]</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The Bean Spray Pump Company[edit]</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Founded in 1883 as the Bean Spray Pump Company in Los Gatos, California[5] by John Bean. The company's first product was a piston pump. Bean invented the pump to spray insecticide on the many fruit orchards in the area. A Bean sprayer is on display at the Forbes Mill museum there.[6] Bean Avenue in downtown Los Gatos is named after John Bean.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">FMC[edit]</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">FMC received a contract to design and build amphibious landing vehicles tracked vehicles for the United States War Department in 1941. FMC ranked 64th among United States corporations in the value of World War II military production contracts.[8] FMC later built the M113 (APC) Armored Personnel Carrier and the Bradley Fighting Vehicle as well as the XR311 at its former facility in Santa Clara, California. The troubled development of the Bradley was satirized in the 1998 HBO movie The Pentagon Wars. In the movie FMC was fictionalized as A.O.C corporation. Bean also manufactured fire fighting equipment in the 1960s through the 1980s under the FMC and the Bean names.In 1928, Bean Spray Pump purchased two companies: the Anderson-Barngrover Co. and Sprague-Sells Co. The Anderson-Barngrover Co. manufactured a sealed can rotary pressure sterilizer[7] and the Sprague-Sells Co. manufactured canning machinery. At this time the company changed its name to Food Machinery Corporation, and began using the initials FMC.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">FMC also produced fire truck fire pumps and pumper bodies, and had an OEM arrangement with LTI (Ladder Towers Inc.) to market aerial ladders. In the early 1980s the Fire apparatus division of FMC tried to expand its role in aerial ladders on fire trucks, leveraging the Link-Belt crane division. FMC was ultimately unsuccessful in its expansion into production of aerial ladders. The FMC Fire Apparatus division was also ultimately shut down in 1990.[9]</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">FMC sells chemical products used by beef and poultry processors to reduce pathogens, such a E. coli and salmonella, on uncooked beef and poultry.[10] FMC obtained a patent on a method for sanitizing fowl that have been killed, plucked and eviscerated by contacting the fowl with an aqueous acid solution and maintaining that contact for a time sufficient to sanitize the fowl.[10]</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Spinoffs[edit]</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 1946, FMC bought out Bolens Lawn And Garden Equipment. FMC changed names again in 1948, becoming Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation. In 1961 the name was changed to FMC Corporation.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 1967, the FMC Corporation merged with the Link-Belt Company. The company produced FMC Link-Belt branded cranes and excavators. In 1986, the Link-Belt Construction Equipment Company was formed as a joint venture between FMC Corporation and Sumitomo Heavy Industries.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Between 1965 and 1985 FMC was the owner of the Gunderson metal works in Oregon USA, during that period it was known as the 'Marine and Rail Equipment Division of FMC' (MRED), it was sold in 1985 to The Greenbrier Companies.[11]</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In the 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s (decade), FMC Corporation began spinning several of its divisions into separate companies, including United Defense and FMC Technologies, and selling its divisions, including the John Bean Company, now a subsidiary of Snap-on Equipment, a division of Snap-on. Bolens was sold to Troy-Bilt in 1991.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Issues[edit]</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 2009, CBS television news magazine 60 Minutes ran an exposé discussing the use of an FMC Corporation–produced pesticide, Furadan, as a poison used by Kenyan farmers to kill African lions. The piece suggested that Furadan was a serious threat to the future of the lion population in Africa.[12] FMC has commented extensively on this issue through the media and their websites including furadanfacts.com. They actively engaged with government officials, NGOs and others to try and resolve the illegal use of pesticides to kill wildlife. The company took action to stop the sale of this product and instituted a buy-back program in East Africa when it was determined that the illegal and intentional misuse of chemicals against wildlife could not be controlled by education or stewardship programs alone. [13] [14]</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Recently[edit]</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 2001, FMC spun off its energy, airport, and food equipment businesses into a separate company named FMC Technologies, Inc.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 2006 FMC Corporation celebrated 75 years being listed on the New York Stock Exchange.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Pierre Brondeau has been named President and Chief Executive Officer succeeding William G. Walter, effective January 1, 2010. Mr. Brondeau was formerly with Dow Chemical and prior to that Rohm & Haas.[15]</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">A former FMC site in San Jose, California is the location for New Earthquakes Stadium, a new soccer-specific stadium for the San Jose Earthquakes that is currently under construction.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">References[edit]</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Further reading[edit]^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h "FMC CORP 2013 Annual Report Form (10-K)" (XBRL). United States Securities and Exchange Commission. February 18, 2014.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">^ Jump up to:a b "FMC CORP 2014 Q1 Quarterly Report Form (10-Q)" (XBRL). United States Securities and Exchange Commission. May 7, 2014.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jump up^ "FMC Corporation Announces New CFO, Appointment of New Business Group Presidents". Retrieved 18 September 2012.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jump up^ "FMC Corporation Announces New CFO, Appointment of New Business Group Presidents". Retrieved 18 September 2012.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jump up^ http://www.losgatosca.gov/documents/Community%20Development/Planning/Historic%20Preservation/almondgrove.PDF Los Gatos city ordinance honoring the history of the Almond Grove neighborhood</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jump up^ http://www.museumsoflosgatos.org/History.html Forbes Mill museum (see photo of Bean sprayer)</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jump up^ "Anderson-Barngrover Cont. Rotary Pressure Sterilizer". the American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASME.org. Retrieved 4 May 2014.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jump up^ Peck, Merton J. & Scherer, Frederic M. The Weapons Acquisition Process: An Economic Analysis (1962) Harvard Business School p.619</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jump up^ Aerial Fire Trucks, By Larry Shapiro, page 61.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">^ Jump up to:a b http://www.cafc.uscourts.gov/opinions/08-1228.pdf</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jump up^ E.M. Lundquist, Bruce Harmon, and Kathy Hinson (February 2000). "Gunderson : A history of an Oregon company". www.gbrx.com. Gunderson, The Greenbrier Companies.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jump up^ "Poison Takes Toll On Africa's Lions". CBS News. 2009-03-26.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jump up^ "Pa. pesticide maker vows steps to protect lions". USA Today. 2009-03-29.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jump up^ http://www.furadanfacts.com/</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Jump up^ http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=117919&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1352343&highlight=</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"Gunderson, Inc.". 9 April 2006. Retrieved 21 August 2010.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Kathy Hinson (ed.), Gunderson; A history of an Oregon Company (Portland, OR: Gunderson, 2000).</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">External links[edit]</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"FMC Corp"; Yahoo! Finance; retrieved January 28, 2006</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"www.FMC.com"; FMC Corporation; retrieved January 28, 2006</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Official site of John Bean</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">American Natural Soda Ash Company</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"International Directory of Company Histories, Vol. 11. St. James Press, 1995"; retrieved November 16, 2007</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"EPA report on cleanup at Middleport, NY site"</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></div></div>