kim kardashian

<div>webodec:</div><div>
</div><a href="https://webbrain.com/brainpage/brain/E212D5AA-EEF5-535C-9D0D-27920B094E45#-10307">https://webbrain.com/brainpage/brain/E212D5AA-EEF5-535C-9D0D-27920B094E45#-10307</a><div>
</div><div>=</div><div>uber1</div><div>
</div><div>=</div><div>
</div><div><a href="https://www.alternet.org/2020/02/trump-faces-backlash-over-super-bowl-ad-on-alice-marie-johnson-that-completely-ignored-the-long-road-ahead-for-criminal-justice-reform/">https://www.alternet.org/2020/02/trump-faces-backlash-over-super-bowl-ad-on-alice-marie-johnson-that-completely-ignored-the-long-road-ahead-for-criminal-justice-reform/</a></div><div>
</div><div><div class="mag-header" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; margin: 0px 0px 19px; padding: 0px; position: relative; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><h3 class="magcat-titlte entry-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" open="Open" sans="Sans" sans-serif="sans-serif" letter-spacing="letter-spacing" px="px"><a href="https://www.alternet.org/2020/02/trump-faces-backlash-over-super-bowl-ad-on-alice-marie-johnson-that-completely-ignored-the-long-road-ahead-for-criminal-justice-reform/" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; cursor: pointer; display: block; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.4;">trump faces backlash over Super Bowl ad on Alice Marie Johnson that completely ignored the long road ahead for criminal justice reform</a></h3><div class="grid-post-box-meta mag-meta" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; margin: 7px 0px 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="https://www.alternet.org/author/alex-henderson/" title="Posts by Alex Henderson" class="author url fn" rel="author" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.3s ease 0s; cursor: pointer;">Alex Henderson</a></div></div><div class="mag-excerpt entry-content" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Alice Marie Johnson has become a symbol of everything that’s terrible about the War on Drugs and mass incarceration in the United States: before President Donald Trump granted her a…
no lnx
Trump faces backlash over Super Bowl ad on Alice Marie Johnson that completely ignored the long road ahead for criminal justice reformEnglish: A tearful Alice Johnson, who was serving a mandatory life sentence without parole in a nonviolent drug case and was granted clemency by President Donald J. Trump in June of 2018, gestures toward President Trump from the special guests gallery Tuesday, Feb. 5, 2018, during the State of the Union Address at the U.S. Capitol in Washington, D.C. Johnson is accompanied (to her left) by Jared Kushner, advisor to the President, and his wife, Ivanka Trump, the President's eldest daughter. (Official White House Photo by Andrea Hanks)
Written by Alex Henderson February 3, 2020
Alice Marie Johnson has become a symbol of everything that’s terrible about the War on Drugs and mass incarceration in the United States: before President Donald Trump granted her a pardon, she was serving a life sentence in federal prison for a nonviolent drug offense. In a commercial broadcast during the Super Bowl on Sunday, Trump bragged about his role in Johnson’s release. But articles published in Law & Crime and the Daily Beast point out that Trump still has a long way to go when it comes to criminal justice form in the U.S.
Trump’s ad asserted, “Politicians talk about criminal justice reform; President Trump got it done. Thousands of families are being reunited.”
Johnson’s case was brought to Trump’s attention by Kim Kardashian, who is married to hip-hop star and outspoken Trump supporter Kanye West. Kardashian lobbied for Johnson’s release, and because she was in the federal prison system rather than a state prison, Trump had the power to grant her a pardon.
I promised to restore hope in America. That includes the least among us. Together, let’s KEEP AMERICA GREAT!
Text TRUMP to 88022 if you liked our Super Bowl ad! pic.twitter.com/Lgjt53B7QX
— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) February 2, 2020
Two Super Bowls ago I was sitting in a prison cell.
Today I am a free woman and my story was featured in a Super Bowl Ad.
I will spend the rest of my life fighting for the wrongly and unjustly convicted!
God Bless America! pic.twitter.com/CGSyk54O37
— Alice Marie Johnson (@AliceMarieFree) February 3, 2020
Legal writer Alberto Luperon, in an article for Law & Crime, notes that in the ad, Trump “brought up a case that had nothing to do with ‘criminal justice form’ in any meaningful sense of the word…. To date, Johnson is one of 24 people to get clemency during the Trump Administration. Was it ‘criminal justice reform?’ No, it was a use of the regular ol’ pardon power. She is out of prison because her sentence was commuted, not as a result of changes to the criminal justice system.”
Luperon points out that law professor Joyce White Vance (a former federal prosecutor) has stressed that Johnson’s case is merely the tip of the iceberg. On Sunday, Vance tweeted, “Alice Johnson is one person who won early release because celebrities brought her to Trump’s attention. She deserved it. But there are thousands more like her in prison. We need a real pardon process that works fairly. We need real criminal justice reform. Don’t be fooled.”
Nonetheless, Luperon does give Trump some credit, asserting that he “absolutely does have a comprehensive institutional victory under his belt when it comes to criminal justice reform.… It’s called the First Step Act. Trump signed it into law in December 2018, months after Johnson’s sentence was commuted. It was a rare bipartisan victory for an administration characterized by controversy. Among other things, the law increased the amount of good time credit for many kinds of federal inmates, prohibited the use of restraints on pregnant women, and eased criminal punishments on certain kinds of drug offenders.”
Alice Johnson is one person who won early release because celebrities brought her to Trump’s attention. She deserved it. But there are thousands more like her in prison. We need a real pardon process that works fairly. We need real criminal justice reform. Don’t be fooled. https://t.co/rx9TVXRqeI
— Joyce Alene (@JoyceWhiteVance) February 3, 2020
Journalist Emma Tucker, in a Daily Beast article, notes that Trump’s ad has received some negative reactions on Twitter. For example, Rep. Bakari Sellers of South Carolina tweeted, “That ad was offensive AF….. The ‘I freed a Negro’ ad.” And journalist Judd Legum tweeted that pardoning Johnson was only one act — not full-fledged criminal justice reform. Legum posted, “Interesting that this ad makes it seem like Johnson was released because of criminal justice reform but it had nothing to do with that. Trump granted her clemency after being lobbied by Kim Kardashian.”
That ad was offensive AF.
— Bakari Sellers (@Bakari_Sellers) February 3, 2020
I completely agree with you, but I’m afraid it’s convincing to the uninformed masses out there. Not to people in communities of color, most likely. But to uneducated, undecided whites who are afraid of progressive Dems, this ad could assuage their worry that he’s racist.
— Juana B. Real (@juanab) February 3, 2020
Interesting that this ad makes it seem like Johnson was released because of criminal justice reform but it had nothing to do with that. Trump granted her clemency after being lobbied by Kim Kardashian. https://t.co/KaaBqBoeNl
— Judd Legum (@JuddLegum) February 3, 2020
</div></div><div></div><div><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian</a></div><div>
</div><div>Kimberly Kardashian West<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[1]</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none !important;">/kɑːrˈdæʃiən/</a>; born October 21, 1980) is an American media personality, entrepreneur, socialite, model and actress. Kardashian first gained media attention as a friend and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_stylist" title="Personal stylist" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">stylist</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Hilton" title="Paris Hilton" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">Paris Hilton</a>, but received wider notice after a 2003 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celebrity_sex_tape" title="Celebrity sex tape" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">sex tape</a> with her former boyfriend <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_J" title="Ray J" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">Ray J</a> was leaked in 2007. Later that year, she and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kardashian" title="Kardashian" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">her family</a> began to appear in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E!" title="E!" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">E!</a> reality television series <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keeping_Up_with_the_Kardashians" title="Keeping Up with the Kardashians" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">Keeping Up with the Kardashians</a>. Its success soon led to the creation of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin-off(media)" title="Spin-off (media)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">spin-offs</a> including <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kourtney_and_Kim_Take_New_York" title="Kourtney and Kim Take New York" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">Kourtney and Kim Take New York</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kourtney_and_Khlo%C3%A9_Take_Miami" class="mw-redirect" title="Kourtney and Khloé Take Miami" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">Kourtney and Khloé Take Miami</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-guardian-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[2]</a></div>In recent years, Kardashian has grown an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online" class="mw-redirect" title="Online" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">online</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_media" title="Social media" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">social media</a> presence, including tens of millions of followers on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Twitter</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instagram" title="Instagram" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Instagram</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-guard-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-et-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-5" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[5]</a> She has released a variety of products tied to her name, including the 2014 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_game" title="Mobile game" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">mobile game</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian:Hollywood" title="Kim Kardashian: Hollywood" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Kim Kardashian: Hollywood</a>, a variety of clothing and products, and the 2015 photo book <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selfish(book)" title="Selfish (book)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">Selfish</a>. Her relationship with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapper" class="mw-redirect" title="Rapper" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">rapper</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanye_West" title="Kanye West" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Kanye West</a> has also received significant media coverage; the couple married in 2014 and they have three children together.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-auto-6" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[6]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Time</a> magazine included Kardashian on their list of 2015's <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_100" title="Time 100" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">100 most influential people</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-7" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[7]</a> while <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vogue_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Vogue Magazine" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Vogue</a> described her in 2016 as a "<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_culture" title="Popular culture" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">pop culture</a> phenomenon."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-vogueau-8" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">[8]</a> Critics and admirers have described her as exemplifying the notion of being <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Famous_for_being_famous" title="Famous for being famous" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">famous for being famous</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-9" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[9]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-10" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[10]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-11" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[11]</a> She was reported to be the highest-paid reality television personality of 2015, with her total earnings exceeding US$53 million.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-12" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[12]</a>
<div id="toc" class="toc" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); padding: 7px; display: table; zoom: 1;"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="direction: ltr; position: absolute; opacity: 0; display: none;" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr" style="direction: ltr; text-align: center;">
</div><ul style="list-style-type: none; margin: 0.3em 0px; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none;"><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#Early_life" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">1Early life</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#Career" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2Career</a><ul style="list-style-type: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#Breakthrough_with_reality_television(2007%E2%80%932009)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.1Breakthrough with reality television (2007–2009)</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#Early_endorsements(2010%E2%80%932013)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.2Early endorsements (2010–2013)</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#Focus_on_social_media(2014%E2%80%93present)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.3Focus on social media (2014–present)</a></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#Personal_life" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">3Personal life</a><ul style="list-style-type: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#Marriages" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">3.1Marriages</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#Religion" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">3.2Religion</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#Health_and_pregnancies" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">3.3Health and pregnancies</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#Wealth" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">3.4Wealth</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#Advocacy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">3.5Advocacy</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#Paris_robbery" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">3.6Paris robbery</a></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#Filmography" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">4Filmography</a><ul style="list-style-type: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#As_herself" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">4.1As herself</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#As_actress" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">4.2As actress</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#Music_videos" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">4.3Music videos</a></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#Discography" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">5Discography</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#Awards_and_nominations" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">6Awards and nominations</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#Books" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">7Books</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#See_also" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">8See also</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#Footnotes" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">9Footnotes</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#References" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">10References</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#External_links" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">11External links</a></li></ul></div><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;">Early life</h2>Kardashian was born on October 21, 1980 in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles,California" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles, California" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Los Angeles, California</a>, the daughter of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Kardashian" title="Robert Kardashian" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Robert</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kris_Jenner" title="Kris Jenner" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Kris</a> (née Houghton).<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-13" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[13]</a> She has an older sister, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kourtney_Kardashian" title="Kourtney Kardashian" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Kourtney</a>, a younger sister, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khlo%C3%A9_Kardashian" title="Khloé Kardashian" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Khloé</a>, and a younger brother, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rob_Kardashian" title="Rob Kardashian" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Rob</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-14" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[14]</a> Their mother is of Dutch, English, Irish, and Scottish ancestry,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-15" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[15]</a> while their father was a third-generation <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian-American" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenian-American" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Armenian-American</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-BBC1-16" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[16]</a> After their parents divorced in 1991, her mother married again that year, to Bruce Jenner (now <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caitlyn_Jenner" title="Caitlyn Jenner" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Caitlyn Jenner</a>),<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#endnote_note_a1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[A]</a> the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1976_Summer_Olympics" title="1976 Summer Olympics" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">1976 Summer Olympics</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decathlon" title="Decathlon" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">decathlon</a> winner.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-17" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[17]</a> Through their marriage, Kardashian gained step-brothers Burton "Burt", <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brandon%26_Leah#Brandon_Jenner" title="Brandon & Leah" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Brandon</a>, and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brody_Jenner" title="Brody Jenner" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Brody</a>; step-sister Casey; and half-sisters <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kendall_Jenner" title="Kendall Jenner" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Kendall</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kylie_Jenner" title="Kylie Jenner" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Kylie Jenner</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-18" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[18]</a>She attended <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marymount_High_School" title="Marymount High School" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Marymount High School</a>, a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Roman Catholic</a> all-girls school in Los Angeles.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-19" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[19]</a> In 1994, her father represented football player <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O.J.Simpson" title="O. J. Simpson" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">O. J. Simpson</a> during <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O.J.Simpson_murder_case" title="O. J. Simpson murder case" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">his murder trial</a>. Simpson is Kardashian's <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godparents" class="mw-redirect" title="Godparents" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">godfather</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-20" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[20]</a>Kardashian's father died in 2003 of cancer.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-21" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[21]</a> In her 20s, Kardashian was the close friend and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_stylist" title="Personal stylist" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">stylist</a> of socialite <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Hilton" title="Paris Hilton" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Paris Hilton</a>, through whom she first garnered media attention.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-guard-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-22" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[22]</a><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;">Career</h2><h3 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Breakthrough with reality television (2007–2009)</h3>In 2006, Kardashian entered the business world with her two sisters and opened the boutique shop <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dash(boutique)" title="Dash (boutique)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">D-A-S-H</a> in Calabasas, California.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-Kim_Kardashian_Biography-23" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[23]</a> In February 2007, a sex tape made by Kardashian and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_J" title="Ray J" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Ray J</a> in 2003 was <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_leak" title="Internet leak" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">leaked</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-24" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[24]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-25" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[25]</a> Kardashian filed a lawsuit against <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vivid_Entertainment" title="Vivid Entertainment" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Vivid Entertainment</a>, who distributed the film as Kim K Superstar. She later dropped the suit and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Settlement(litigation)" title="Settlement (litigation)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">settled</a> for a reported US$5 million.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-upi268-26" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[26]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-nypost1-27" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[27]</a> In October 2007 Kardashian, in addition to her mother Kris Jenner, her step-parent Caitlyn Jenner (Bruce), her siblings Kourtney, Khloé, and Rob Kardashian, and half-sisters Kendall and Kylie Jenner, began to appear in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reality_television" title="Reality television" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">reality television</a> series Keeping Up with the Kardashians.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-28" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[28]</a> The series proved successful for E!, and has led to the creations of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin-off(media)" title="Spin-off (media)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">spin-offs</a> including Kourtney and Kim Take New York and Kourtney and Kim Take Miami.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-29" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[29]</a> In one of the episodes, Kim discussed an offer from Playboy to appear nude in the magazine.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-30" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[30]</a> That December, Kardashian posed in a nude pictorial for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Playboy</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-31" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[31]</a>In 2008, she made her feature film debut in the disaster film spoof <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disaster_Movie" title="Disaster Movie" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Disaster Movie</a>, in which she appeared as a character named Lisa.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-32" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[32]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-33" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[33]</a> That same year, she was a participant on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dancing_with_the_Stars(U.S.season_7)" title="Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 7)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">season seven</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dancing_with_the_Stars" title="Dancing with the Stars" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Dancing with the Stars</a>, where she was partnered with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Ballas" title="Mark Ballas" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Mark Ballas</a>. Kardashian was the third contestant to be eliminated.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-usa30-34" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[34]</a> In January 2009, Kardashian made a cameo appearance during an episode of the sitcom <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_I_Met_Your_Mother" title="How I Met Your Mother" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">How I Met Your Mother</a>, in the episode "<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benefits(How_I_Met_Your_Mother)" title="Benefits (How I Met Your Mother)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Benefits</a>". In April, she released a workout DVD series through her television production company Kimsaprincess Productions, LLC which has seen the release of three successful workout videos, Fit in Your Jeans by Friday, with trainers Jennifer Galardi and Patrick Goudeau.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-Kim_Kardashian_Biography-23" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[23]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-forbes-35" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[35]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-36" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[36]</a> Kardashian played Elle in four episodes of the television series <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyond_the_Break" title="Beyond the Break" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Beyond the Break</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-Beyond-37" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[37]</a>Kardashian became a guest host of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WrestleMania_XXIV" title="WrestleMania XXIV" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">WrestleMania XXIV</a> and guest judge on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/America%27s_Next_Top_Model" title="America's Next Top Model" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">America's Next Top Model</a> in August of that year.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-38" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[38]</a> In September, Fusion Beauty and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_Bar_Foundation" title="Seven Bar Foundation" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Seven Bar Foundation</a> launched "Kiss Away Poverty", with Kardashian as the face of the campaign. For every LipFusion lipgloss sold, US$1 went to the Foundation to fund women entrepreneurs in the US.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-39" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[39]</a> The following month, she released her first fragrance self-titled "Kim Kardashian".<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-Fragrances-40" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[40]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-41" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[41]</a> In December 2009, Kardashian made a guest star appearance on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CBS" title="CBS" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">CBS</a>'s <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSI:NY" title="CSI: NY" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">CSI: NY</a> with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanessa_Minnillo" class="mw-redirect" title="Vanessa Minnillo" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Vanessa Minnillo</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-megafon-42" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[42]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-43" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[43]</a><h3 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Early endorsements (2010–2013)</h3>In 2010, Kardashian ventured into several new endorsement deals, including endorsing various food products for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl%27s_Jr." title="Carl's Jr." style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Carl's Jr.</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-kimkardashianproducts-44" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[44]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-45" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[45]</a> In January 2010, she starred as Summa Eve in the film <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_in_the_Valley" title="Deep in the Valley" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Deep in the Valley</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-megafon-42" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[42]</a> In April, Kardashian sparked controversy over the way she held a kitten for a photograph, holding it by the scruff of its neck.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-46" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[46]</a> With sisters <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kourtney_Kardashian" title="Kourtney Kardashian" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Kourtney</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khlo%C3%A9_Kardashian" title="Khloé Kardashian" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Khloé</a>, Kardashian is involved in the retail and fashion industries. They have launched several clothing collections and fragrances. Animal rights organization <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PETA" class="mw-redirect" title="PETA" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">PETA</a> criticized Kardashian for repeatedly wearing fur coats, and named her as one of the five worst people or organizations of 2010 when it came to animal welfare.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-PETA-47" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[47]</a> June saw Kardashian guest star with Khloé and Kourtney as themselves on the season three premiere episode of the series <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/90210(season_3)" title="90210 (season 3)" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">90210</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-48" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[48]</a>
In December 2010, Kardashian filmed a music video for a song titled "<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jam(Turn_It_Up)" title="Jam (Turn It Up)" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Jam (Turn It Up)</a>". The video was directed by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hype_Williams" title="Hype Williams" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Hype Williams</a>; <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanye_West" title="Kanye West" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Kanye West</a> makes a cameo in the video.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-53" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[53]</a>Kardashian premiered the song during a New Year's Eve party at TAO Las Vegas on December 31, 2010.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-54" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[54]</a> The song was produced by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The-Dream" title="The-Dream" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">The-Dream</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Stewart(music_producer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Christopher Stewart (music producer)" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Tricky Stewart</a>. When asked if an album was in the works, Kardashian replied, "There's no album in the works or anything—just one song we did for Kourtney and Kim Take New York, and a video Hype Williams directed, half of the proceeds we're giving away to a cancer foundation, because The-Dream's and one of my parents passed away from cancer. It's just all having fun—with a good cause".<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-55" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[55]</a> Jim Farber, writing for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daily_News(New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily News (New York)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Daily News</a>, called the song a "dead-brained piece of generic dance music, without a single distinguishing feature," and suggested that the single made Kardashian the "worst singer in the reality TV universe."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-56" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[56]</a>On July 1, 2010, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">New York City</a> branch of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madame_Tussauds" title="Madame Tussauds" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Madame Tussauds</a> revealed a wax figure of Kardashian.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-49" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[49]</a> In November, Kardashian served as producer for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Spin_Crowd" title="The Spin Crowd" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The Spin Crowd</a>, a reality television show about Command PR, a New York City <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_relations" title="Public relations" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">public relations</a> firm, run by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Cheban" title="Jonathan Cheban" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Jonathan Cheban</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Huck" title="Simon Huck" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Simon Huck</a>. The show followed them as they settle into their new offices in Los Angeles. That month, she also appeared on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Apprentice(U.S.season_10)#Episode_9:Fragrant_Disregard" title="The Apprentice (U.S. season 10)" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">season ten</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Apprentice(U.S.TV_series)" title="The Apprentice (U.S. TV series)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The Apprentice</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-50" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[50]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-51" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[51]</a> Kim, Kourtney, and Khloé wrote an autobiography titled Kardashian Konfidential, which was released in stores on November 23, and appeared on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">New York Times</a>'s <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Times_Best_Seller_List" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times Best Seller List" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Best Seller List</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-52" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[52]</a>That month, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Business_Times" title="International Business Times" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">International Business Times</a> reported that Kardashian's 2010 earnings were the highest among Hollywood-based reality stars, estimating them at $6 million.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-57" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[57]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-58" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[58]</a>In April 2011, Kardashian released her third fragrance "Gold".<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-Fragrances-40" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[40]</a> In March 2012, Kardashian debuted her fourth fragrance, titled "True Reflection", which she worked with the company Dress for Success to promote.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-59" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[59]</a> In April, E! renewed Keeping Up with the Kardashians for two additional seasons, in a deal reported to be worth $50 million.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-60" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[60]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-61" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[61]</a> In October 2012, Kardashian released her fifth fragrance, "Glam", which "draws on the glamour of her Hollywood lifestyle", and was made available through <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debenhams" title="Debenhams" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Debenhams</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-62" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[62]</a> In summer of 2012, Kardashian and her family filmed a music video in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Dominican Republic</a> to Notorious B.I.G's song "Hypnotize".<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-63" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[63]</a>In the romantic drama <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temptation:Confessions_of_a_Marriage_Counselor" title="Temptation: Confessions of a Marriage Counselor" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Temptation: Confessions of a Marriage Counselor</a> (2013), produced, written, and directed by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyler_Perry" title="Tyler Perry" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Tyler Perry</a>, Kardashian obtained the role of the co-worker of an ambitious therapist. While the film was a moderate box office success, with a worldwide gross of US$53.1 million,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-64" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[64]</a> critical response was negative and Kardashian won the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razzie_Award_for_Worst_Supporting_Actress" class="mw-redirect" title="Razzie Award for Worst Supporting Actress" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Razzie Award for Worst Supporting Actress</a>.<h3 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Focus on social media (2014–present)</h3>
In June 2014, Kardashian released a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_game" title="Mobile game" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">mobile game</a> for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPhone" title="IPhone" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">iPhone</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Android</a> called <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian:Hollywood" title="Kim Kardashian: Hollywood" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">Kim Kardashian: Hollywood</a>. The objective of the game is to become a Hollywood star or starlet.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-Rothman-74" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[74]</a> The game supports a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_to_play" class="mw-redirect" title="Free to play" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">free to play</a> model, meaning the game is free to download, but charges for in-game items.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-Mobilegamehit-75" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[75]</a> The game was a hit, earning US$1.6 million in its first five days of release.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-Mobilegamehit-75" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[75]</a> In July, the game's developer <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glu_Mobile" title="Glu Mobile" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Glu Mobile</a> announced that the game was the fifth highest earning game in Apple's App Store.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-Mobilegamehit-75" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[75]</a> Kardashian voiced the role of an alien in an episode of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adult_animation" title="Adult animation" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">adult animated</a> series <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Dad!" title="American Dad!" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">American Dad!</a>, in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Dad!(season_11)" title="American Dad! (season 11)" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">season 11</a> (2014–15) in the episode titled "Blagsnarst, A Love Story" on September 21, 2014.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-variety1-76" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[76]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-insidetv1-77" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[77]</a> In May 2015, Kardashian released a portfolio book called Selfish, a 325-page collection of self-taken photos of herself.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-78" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[78]</a> In December 2015, Kardashian released an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emoji" title="Emoji" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">emoji</a> pack for iOS devices called Kimoji.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-Kimojii-79" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[79]</a>The app was a best-seller, becoming one of the top 5 most bought apps that week.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-Kimojii-79" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[79]</a> In August 2015, Kardashian was the cover model for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Vogue_Espa%C3%B1a(Spain)cover_models" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Vogue España (Spain) cover models" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Vogue Spain</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-80" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[80]</a>Kardashian appeared on the cover, and in a pictorial in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paper(magazine)" title="Paper (magazine)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Paper</a>'s winter issue in 2014 photographed by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Paul_Goude" title="Jean-Paul Goude" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Jean-Paul Goude</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-65" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[65]</a> 
On the cover, her nude buttocks are featured above the caption: "Break the Internet", which generated considerable comment in both social and traditional media.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-66" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[66]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-papermag-67" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[67]</a> The photos show Kardashian with her hair tied up in a bun, wearing only a pearl necklace, a pair of earrings and black satin gloves, and, on the cover, with her bare back facing the camera, holding a sequined gown below her bare, oiled-up buttocks, while smiling broadly at the camera.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-cambio-68" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[68]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-popcrush-69" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[69]</a> A Time magazine writer commented that, unlike previous celebrities' nudes that represented the women's rebellion against repressed society and "trying to tear down" barriers, Kardashian's exhibition was "just provocation and bluster, repeated images that seem to offer us some sort of truth or insight but are really just self serving. We want there to be something more, some reason or context, some great explanation that tells us what it is like to live in this very day and age, but there is not. Kim Kardashian's ass is nothing but an empty promise."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-70" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[70]</a> However, the stunt "set a new benchmark" in social media response,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-71" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[71]</a> and Paper's website received 15.9 million views in one day, compared with 25,000 views on an average day.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-72" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[72]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-73" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[73]</a>As of November 2016, as per <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CBC_Marketplace" class="mw-redirect" title="CBC Marketplace" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">CBC Marketplace</a> and interviews with celebrity endorsement experts, Kim Kardashian was paid between $75,000 and $300,000 for each post that she posted on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instagram" title="Instagram" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Instagram</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Facebook</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Twitter</a> endorsing beauty products like waist trainers, teeth whiteners as well as Coca-Cola and well known charities. Experts think that celebrities offer fake glimpses into their lives to make viewers fall for their advertising pitches, curated to look as though the viewer is catching them in a spontaneous moment when they are mostly staged.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-CBC_News-81" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[81]</a>Kardashian made a cameo appearance in the heist film <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean%27s_8" title="Ocean's 8" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Ocean's 8</a>, which was released on June 8, 2018.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-Petit-82" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[82]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-83" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[83]</a><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;">Personal life</h2><h3 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Marriages</h3>In 2000, 19-year-old Kardashian <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elopement(marriage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elopement (marriage)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">eloped</a> with music producer <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Underdogs(production_team)" title="The Underdogs (production team)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Damon Thomas</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-PeopleBio-84" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[84]</a> Thomas filed for divorce in 2003. Kardashian later blamed their separation on physical and emotional abuse on his part,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-85" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[85]</a> and said she was high on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MDMA" title="MDMA" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ecstasy</a> during the ceremony.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-86" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[86]</a> Prior to the completion of her divorce, Kardashian began dating singer Ray J.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-PeopleBio-84" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[84]</a>In May 2011, Kardashian became engaged to NBA player <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kris_Humphries" title="Kris Humphries" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Kris Humphries</a>, then of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Jersey_Nets" class="mw-redirect" title="New Jersey Nets" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">New Jersey Nets</a>, whom she had been dating since October 2010.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-87" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[87]</a> They were married in a wedding ceremony on August 20 in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montecito,California" title="Montecito, California" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Montecito, California</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-88" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[88]</a> Earlier that month, she had released her "wedding fragrance" called "Kim Kardashian Love" which coincided with her own wedding.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-Fragrances-40" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[40]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-89" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[89]</a> A two-part TV special showing the preparations and the wedding itself aired on E! in early October 2011, amidst what <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The Washington Post</a> called a "media blitz" related to the wedding.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-90" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[90]</a> After 72 days of marriage, she filed for divorce from Humphries on October 31, citing <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irreconcilable_differences" title="Irreconcilable differences" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">irreconcilable differences</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-91" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[91]</a> Several news outlets surmised that Kardashian's marriage to Humphries was merely a publicity stunt, to promote the Kardashian family's brand and their subsequent television ventures.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-92" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[92]</a> A man professing to be her former publicist, Jonathan Jaxson, also claimed that her short-lived marriage was indeed staged and a ploy to generate money. Kardashian filed suit against Jaxson, saying his claims were untrue, and subsequently settled the case which included an apology from Jaxson.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-93" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[93]</a> A widely circulated petition asking to remove all Kardashian-related programming from the air followed the split.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-94" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[94]</a> The divorce was subject to widespread media attention.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-britannica-95" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[95]</a>Kardashian began dating rapper and longtime friend Kanye West in April 2012, while still legally married to Humphries.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-96" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[96]</a> Her divorce was finalized on June 3, 2013,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-97" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[97]</a> Kardashian and West became engaged on October 21, Kardashian's 33rd birthday,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-98" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[98]</a> and married on May 24, 2014 at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belvedere(fort)" title="Belvedere (fort)" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Fort di Belvedere</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florence" title="Florence" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Florence, Italy</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-99" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[99]</a> Her wedding dress was designed by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riccardo_Tisci" title="Riccardo Tisci" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Riccardo Tisci</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Givenchy" title="Givenchy" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Givenchy</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-100" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[100]</a> with some guests' dresses designed by designer <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Costello(fashion_designer)" title="Michael Costello (fashion designer)" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Michael Costello</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-101" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[101]</a> The couple's high status and respective careers have resulted in their relationship becoming subject to heavy media coverage; <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The New York Times</a> referred to their marriage as "a historic blizzard of celebrity."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-auto-6" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[6]</a><h3 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Religion</h3>Kim Kardashian is a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christians" title="Christians" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Christian</a> and has described herself as "really religious".<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-Whittaker2018-102" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[102]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-Whittaker2018-102" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[102]</a> She was educated in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_school" title="Christian school" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Christian schools</a> of both the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterian" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Presbyterian</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Roman Catholic</a> traditions.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-Whittaker2018-102" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[102]</a>In April 2015, Kardashian and West traveled to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian_Quarter" title="Armenian Quarter" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Armenian Quarter</a> of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_City(Jerusalem)" title="Old City (Jerusalem)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Old City</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Jerusalem</a> to have their daughter, North, baptized in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian_Apostolic_Church" title="Armenian Apostolic Church" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Armenian Apostolic Church</a>. The ceremony took place at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathedral_of_St.James,Jerusalem" class="mw-redirect" title="Cathedral of St. James, Jerusalem" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Cathedral of St. James</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-103" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[103]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khloe_Kardashian" class="mw-redirect" title="Khloe Kardashian" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Khloe Kardashian</a> was appointed the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godparents" class="mw-redirect" title="Godparents" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">godmother</a> of North.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-104" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[104]</a><h3 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Health and pregnancies</h3>Kardashian gave birth to her first child with West, daughter North West, on June 15, 2013.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-105" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[105]</a> She gave birth to her second child, son Saint West, on December 5, 2015.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-106" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[106]</a> Kardashian has been very open about her difficult pregnancies. With her first pregnancy, she suffered <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preeclampsia" class="mw-redirect" title="Preeclampsia" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">preeclampsia</a>, which forced her to deliver at 34 weeks. She also suffered <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placenta_accreta" title="Placenta accreta" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">placenta accreta</a> after delivery, eventually having to have surgery to remove the placenta and subsequent scar tissue.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-107" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[107]</a> After her second pregnancy, her doctors advised against trying to become pregnant again.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-108" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[108]</a> The couple's third child, a daughter, was born via surrogate on January 15, 2018.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-109" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[109]</a> On January 19, 2018, her name was announced as Chicago West.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-110" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[110]</a> In January 2019, Kardashian confirmed a second boy is on the way via surrogate.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-111" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[111]</a>Kardashian began suffering from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psoriasis" title="Psoriasis" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">psoriasis</a> at the age of 30.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-112" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[112]</a> She was diagnosed with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpal_tunnel_syndrome" title="Carpal tunnel syndrome" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">carpal tunnel syndrome</a> in late 2017.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-113" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[113]</a><h3 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Wealth</h3>
AdvocacyAs of May 2014, Kardashian was estimated to be worth US$45 million.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-WealthEstimate-114" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[114]</a> In 2015, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Forbes</a> reported she had "made more this year than ever as her earnings nearly doubled to $53 million from 2014's $28 million", and reported that she "has monetized fame better than any other".<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-115" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[115]</a> Much of her income include wholesale earnings of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sears" title="Sears" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Sears</a> line, the Kardashian Kollection, which raked in $600 million in 2013 and the Kardashian Beauty cosmetics line, Kardashian-branded tanning products, the boutique-line DASH, as well as sponsored Instagram and Twitter posts which are collectively worth $10,000–25,000 per post.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-116" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[116]</a> As of July 2018, Kardashian is worth US$350 million.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-117" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[117]</a>Kardashian has expressed pride in her Armenian and Scottish ancestry.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-118" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[118]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-119" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[119]</a> She is not a citizen of either country and cannot speak Armenian.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-120" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[120]</a> She has advocated for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian_Genocide_recognition" title="Armenian Genocide recognition" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">recognition</a> of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian_Genocide" title="Armenian Genocide" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Armenian Genocide</a> on numerous occasions, and encouraged President <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Barack Obama</a> and the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_government" class="mw-redirect" title="United States government" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">United States government</a> to consider its acknowledgement.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-121" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[121]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-122" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[122]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-123" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[123]</a>In April 2015, she traveled to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Armenia</a> with her husband, her sister Khloé, and her daughter North and visited the Armenian Genocide memorial <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsitsernakaberd" title="Tsitsernakaberd" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Tsitsernakaberd</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yerevan" title="Yerevan" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Yerevan</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-124" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[124]</a> In April 2016, Kardashian wrote an article on her website condemning <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The Wall Street Journal</a> for running an advertisement <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian_Genocide_denial" title="Armenian Genocide denial" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">denying the Armenian Genocide</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-125" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[125]</a> During an interview with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caity_Weaver" title="Caity Weaver" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Caity Weaver</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GQ" title="GQ" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">GQ</a> for the July 2016 issue, Kardashian described herself as a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Democrat</a>, and declared support for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Hillary Clinton</a> in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_US_Presidential_Election" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 US Presidential Election" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2016 US Presidential Election</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-126" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[126]</a>Kardashian has also worked in the area of prison reform, advocating for the commutation of the sentence of Chris Young, and also of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_Marie_Johnson" title="Alice Marie Johnson" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Alice Marie Johnson</a>, a woman who received a life sentence for a first-time drug offense, which was granted by President <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Donald Trump</a> in June 2018.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-127" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[127]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-128" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[128]</a><h3 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Paris robbery</h3>On October 2, 2016, while attending <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week" title="Paris Fashion Week" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Paris Fashion Week</a>, Kardashian was <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armed_robbery" class="mw-redirect" title="Armed robbery" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">robbed at gunpoint</a> in the apartment where she was staying. Five individuals, dressed as police officers, bound and gagged her, then stole $10 million worth of jewelry.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-129" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[129]</a> The thieves got in her residence by threatening the concierge. Once they accessed Kardashian's room, they held a gun to her head, tying her wrists and legs and wrapping duct tape around her mouth as a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gag" title="Gag" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">gag</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-130" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[130]</a> Kardashian, who was placed in the bathtub, was physically unharmed and reportedly begged for her life.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-131" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[131]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-132" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[132]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-133" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[133]</a> She managed to wriggle her hands free from the plastic ties around her wrists and scream for help. The thieves escaped.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-134" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[134]</a> On October 6, 2016, it was revealed that filming for the next season of Keeping up with the Kardashians had been placed "on hold indefinitely" after the robbery.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-135" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[135]</a> Production resumed on October 26.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-136" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[136]</a> Kardashian postponed a makeup demonstration in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubai" title="Dubai" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Dubai</a> due to the incident.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian#cite_note-137" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[137]</a><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;">Filmography</h2><h3 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">As herself</h3><div>
</div><div>=
<div>
</div><div>
</div></div>