sound science junk bak

<p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>note color below</b></font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>
</b></font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>this is generic for term</b></font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>see sound science junk bak 2 22</b></font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>ur prototype to secret sci BS</b></font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b></b></font></p><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Sound_science">https://www.<b>sourcewatch</b>.org/index.php/Sound_science</a></font></p><div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="direction: ltr;"><div class="mw-parser-output"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><b>Sound science</b>&nbsp;is a phrase often used by corporate public relations and government agency spokesmen to describe the scientific research used to justify a claim or position. Sound science, however, has no specific scientific definition itself, so the phrase is used subjectively. "Sound science" is not a synonym of "good science" practices, but rather it is an ideological policy statement more about the criteria for the use of science in policy making. It is invoked mostly to call into question the validity of a given study or scientific statement.</font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Lack of "sound science" is a common critique used against public health and consumer activists in an attempt to discredit their concerns about public safety and environmental risk.</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Junk_science" title="Junk science" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Junk science</a></span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&nbsp;is often presented as the opposite of "sound science," usually for propagandistic purposes that favor industry</span></b><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span></font></p><table width="30%" bgcolor="eeeedd" border="1" rules="all" cellpadding="5" align="right" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><tbody><tr bgcolor="cccccc"><th><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">SOUND SCIENCE - JUNK SCIENCE</font></th></tr><tr><td><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="mw-selflink selflink" style="text-decoration: inherit; background: none; cursor: pointer; font-weight: bold;">sound science</a>&nbsp;&&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Junk_science" title="Junk science" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">junk science</a></font></td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=False_accusations_of_junk_science" class="mw-redirect" title="False accusations of junk science" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">False accusations of junk science</font></a></td></tr><tr><td><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Steven_J_Milloy" class="mw-redirect" title="Steven J Milloy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Steven J Milloy</a>&nbsp;&&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=TASSC" class="mw-redirect" title="TASSC" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">TASSC</a></font></td></tr><tr><td><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Peter_Huber" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter Huber" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Peter Huber</a>&nbsp;&&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Walter_Olson" class="mw-redirect" title="Walter Olson" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Walter Olson</a></font></td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Manhattan_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Manhattan Institute" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Manhattan Institute</font></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Junk_Science(Doc_Index)" title="Junk Science (Doc Index)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Junk Science (Doc Index)</font></a></td></tr><tr><td><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Fox_News" title="Fox News" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Fox News</a>&nbsp;&&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=K.Rupert_Murdoch" title="K. Rupert Murdoch" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">K. Rupert Murdoch</a></font></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">According to Chris Mooney in his book,&nbsp;The Republican War on Science,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Sound_science#cite_note-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[1]</a></sup>&nbsp;"sound science", especially in conjunction with the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Data_Quality_Act" title="Data Quality Act" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Data Quality Act</a>, often means "requiring a higher burden of proof before action can be taken to protect public health and the environment.</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">"&nbsp;</span></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><b>He also states that, "the sound science movement also confuses the quality of scientific analysis with the degree of scientific certainty that has been achieved on a given question" and manufactures uncertainty by "relying on scientific outliers to sow doubt about mainstream findings"</b></span></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">In a 2002 memo to&nbsp;</span><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=President_George_W.Bush&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="President George W. Bush (page does not exist)" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">President George W. Bush</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&nbsp;titled "The Environment: A Cleaner, Safer, Healthier America", obtained by the&nbsp;</span><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Environmental_Working_Group" title="Environmental Working Group" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Environmental Working Group</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Sound_science#cite_note-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[2]</a></sup><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&nbsp;</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 153, 0);">conservative political consultant&nbsp;<b><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Frank_Luntz" title="Frank Luntz" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Frank Luntz</a>, said "sound science"</b>&nbsp;arguments provide "a window of opportunity to challenge the science." and he has urged politicians to "be even more active in recruiting experts who are sympathetic to your view."&nbsp;</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">In other words sound science advocates are not interested in "good science", objectivity, or even "sound" science practices, but in politicizing science to support a specific viewpoint, often relying on testimonials from their own hired, special interest "experts."</span></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>The intended result is often to delay or prevent government regulation.</b></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></p><div class="badges" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); float: right; width: 238px; margin: 0px 0px 10px 10px;"><table class="badge" cellspacing="0" style="width: 238px; background: rgb(255, 254, 243); border: 3px solid rgb(186, 39, 37); margin: 1px;"><tbody><tr><td style="width: 45px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-align: center;"><div class="floatleft" style="float: left; clear: left; position: relative; margin: 0px;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Portal:Tobacco" title="Portal:Tobacco" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><img alt="Tobaccospin.jpg" src="https://www.sourcewatch.org/images/1/16/Tobaccospin.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="157" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" /></font></a></div></td><td style="padding: 4pt; line-height: 1.25em;"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">This article is part of the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Portal:Tobacco" title="Portal:Tobacco" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Tobacco portal</a>&nbsp;on Sourcewatch funded from 2006 - 2009 by the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Legacy_Foundation" title="American Legacy Foundation" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">American Legacy Foundation</a>.</font></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div id="toc" class="toc" style="background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 7px; display: table; zoom: 1;"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr" style="direction: ltr; text-align: center;"><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none;"><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Sound_science#References" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;"><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">
</span></span></font></a></li></ul></div><h3 style="background: none; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Tobacco_industry_documents"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Tobacco industry documents</font></span></h3><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">A<b>&nbsp;1994&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Philip_Morris" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip Morris" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Philip Morris</a>&nbsp;</b>(PM) document shows PM using its public relations company,&nbsp;<b><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Burson_Marstellar" class="mw-redirect" title="Burson Marstellar" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Burson Marstellar</a>&nbsp;(BM)</b>, to organize a "sound science"&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Front_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Front group" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">front group</a>&nbsp;to allow PM to favorably influence politicians and disseminate its own information about the health effects of tobacco products in Euro</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">pe. PM and BM worked to hide PM's extensive involvement in assembling the "Sound Science Project" of 1994. Even the scientists who were approached for the project were skeptical of tobacco industry (and specifically Philip Morris') involvement. The document frankly notes: "...some of the scientists have themselves raised the questions of relations to the tobacco industry as a critical issue...."&nbsp;</span></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><b>BM also noted how disclosure of PM's involvement could doom the entire plan</b>: "Please note that you must not use the outcome of ... the interviews with scientists in a Philip Morris approach to the identified scientists because that could distort and jeopardize the entire operation ... " Moreover, BM worked to persuade companies other than&nbsp;</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">PM to act co-sponsors of the "Sound Science Project,</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">" for, as they noted, if people detected that PM was the only sponsor of these seminars, the credibility of the scientists, and the entire project, would go out the window: "...It is absolutely vital that we succeed in getting funding of the seminar from a broader group of sponsors than just PM...because otherwise we would not be able to ensure the credibility of the seminar in relation to the scientists. And if the seminar has not got that credibility, then outcomes of the meeting will not have great value."</span><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Sound_science#cite_note-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup></font></p><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><span class="mw-headline" id="SourceWatch_links"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">SourceWatch links</font></span></h2><ul data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=American_Council_on_Science_and_Health" title="American Council on Science and Health" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">American Council on Science and Health</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Data_Quality_Act" title="Data Quality Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Data Quality Act</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=The_Advancement_of_Sound_Science_Coalition" title="The Advancement of Sound Science Coalition" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">The Advancement of Sound Science Coalition</a>&nbsp;(TASSC)</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Steven_J.Milloy" title="Steven J. Milloy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Steven J. Milloy</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Junk_science" title="Junk science" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Junk science</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Precautionary_principle" title="Precautionary principle" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Precautionary principl</span>e</font></a></li></ul><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">External links</font></span></h2><ul data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The Republican War on Science, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.waronscience.com/home.php" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">[3]</a>"</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Chris Mooney, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A13994-2004Feb27.html" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">Beware 'Sound Science.' It's Doublespeak for Trouble</a>,"&nbsp;<i>Washington Post</i>, February 29, 2004, p. B2.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Sheldon Rampton and John Stauber, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.prwatch.org/prwissues/2000Q3/usual.html" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">The Usual Suspects: Industry Hacks Turn Fear on its Head</a>,"&nbsp;<i>PR Watch</i>, 3rd Quarter, 2000.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Martin Kady II, Mary Clare Jalonick and Amol Sharma, "Dueling Science: Science, Policy Mix Uneasily In Legistlative Laboratory,"&nbsp;<i>Congressional Quarterly Weekly</i>, March 20, 2004, page 680.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">David Michaels and Celeste Monforton, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brooklaw.edu/students/journals/jlpcurrent.php" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">Scientific Evidence in the Regulatory System: Manufacturing Uncertainty and The Demise of The Formal Regulatory System</a>",&nbsp;<i>Journal of Law and Policy</i>, Volume XII No 1, 2005.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">David Michaels,"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?chanID=sa006&colID=1&articleID=000E0C62-084F-1289-BC2083414B7F0000" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">Doubt Is Their Product: Industry groups are fighting government regulation by formenting scientific uncertainty</a>",&nbsp;<i>Scientific American</i>, June 15, 2005. (Sub req'd for full article. Copies are reproduced&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gsenet.org/fri.php#Industry%20Strategy:%20Create%20Doubt%20to%20Fight%20Regulations" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">here</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.powerlinefacts.com/Sciam_article_on_lobbying.htm" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">here</a>).</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">George Monbiot, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://environment.guardian.co.uk/print/0,,329579929-121568,00.html" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">The denial industry</a>,"&nbsp;<i>Guardian</i>, September 19, 2006</font></li></ul><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><span class="mw-headline" id="References"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">References</font></span></h2><div class="mw-references-wrap" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><ol class="references" style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 3.2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none;"><li id="cite_note-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Sound_science#cite_ref-1" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">↑</a></span>&nbsp;<span class="reference-text">The Republican War on Science, by Chris Mooney, 2005&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.waronscience.com/home.php" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">[1]</a>&nbsp;pages 71-73</span></font></li><li id="cite_note-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Sound_science#cite_ref-2" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">↑</a></span>&nbsp;<span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.ewg.org/node/8684" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">[2]</a>&nbsp;Site accessed June 2010.</span></font></li><li id="cite_note-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Sound_science#cite_ref-3" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">↑</a></span>&nbsp;<span class="reference-text"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Stig_Albinus" title="Stig Albinus" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Stig Albinus</a>, Burson-Marsteller&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/hxy88e00" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">Sound Science Project and European Seminar in the Autumn 940000</a>&nbsp;Fax. 4 pp. June 17, 1994. Philip Morris Bates No. 2025493066/3069</span></font></li></ol></div><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">search_term="sound science" confidential</font></p></div></div><div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); padding: 5px; margin-top: 1em; clear: both;"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Categories</a>:&nbsp;</font><ul style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0px; list-style: none none; display: inline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 0px; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0.25em; zoom: 1;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Category:Tobaccowiki" title="Category:Tobaccowiki" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Tobaccowiki</a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Category:Doublespeak" title="Category:Doublespeak" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Doublespeak</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Category:Tobacco_industry_strategy" title="Category:Tobacco industry strategy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Tobacco industry strategy</a></li></ul></div></div><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>=</b></font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>sw</b></font></p><div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="direction: ltr; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="mw-parser-output"><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Consumers_Union" title="Consumers Union" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Consumers Union</a>&nbsp;(US) wrote that "as far as we have been able to trace, the phrase "<b>junk science</b>" has been coined by those practicing public relations and&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Lobbying" title="Lobbying" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">lobbying</a>&nbsp;activities on behalf of some companies in certain industries--particularly the plastics, chemical,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">biotechnology</a>, and pesticide industries. While its coiners may have legitimate grounds for debate on some issues, the phrase has been used far too often to discredit honest public interest organizations and legitimate scientists who express concerns about consumer safety and environmental risks."&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.consumersunion.org/products/distortsopi1299.htm" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">[1]</a></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">While the phrase "junk science" is used by corporations, governments and&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Front_groups" title="Front groups" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">front groups</a>&nbsp;to discredit public interest and consumer activists, the phrase "<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Sound_science" title="Sound science" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">sound science</a>" is employed to describe the research said to back-up industry's own claims on safety and risk.</font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">With scientific information playing a central role in public policy development, critics of the U.S. government have accused it of pursuing a strategy of suppressing science it disagrees with and ensuring reports that are more supportive of its policy goals. "Meanwhile, the Bush White House is purging, censoring, and blacklisting scientists and engineers whose work threatens the profits of the Administration's corporate paymasters or challenges the ideological underpinnings of their radical anti-environmental agenda,"&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Robert_F.Kennedy,Jr." title="Robert F. Kennedy, Jr." style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Robert F. Kennedy, Jr.</a>&nbsp;wrote in&nbsp;<i><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=The_Nation" title="The Nation" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The Nation</a></i>.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.alternet.org/story.html?StoryID=17949" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">[2]</a></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit;"><span times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">
the U.S. House of Representatives,</span><span times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">&nbsp;</span><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=House_Committee_on_Government_Reform" class="mw-redirect" title="House Committee on Government Reform" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large" background="background" none="none" text-decoration-line="text-decoration-line">Committee on Government Reform</a><span times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">, to develop the</span><span times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">&nbsp;</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oversight.house.gov/features/politics_and_science/index.htm" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large" background="background" linear-gradient="linear-gradient" transparent="transparent" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" url="url" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" text-decoration-line="text-decoration-line" none="none" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">Politics & Science website</a><span times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">&nbsp;</span><span times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">as an ongoing record of interference with science by the</span><span times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">&nbsp;</span><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Bush_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Bush Administration" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large" background="background" none="none" text-decoration-line="text-decoration-line">Bush Administration</a><span times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">; and</span><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The controversy over science under the Bush Administration has also prompted:</font></p><ul data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">a&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucsusa.org/global_environment/rsi/rsirelease.html" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">report by the Union of Concerned Scientists</a>&nbsp;"issued a statement calling for regulatory and legislative action to restore scientific integrity to federal policymaking. According to the scientists, the Bush administration has, among other abuses, suppressed and distorted scientific analysis from federal agencies, and taken actions that have undermined the quality of scientific advisory panels."&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.americanprogress.org/site/pp.asp?c=biJRJ8OVF&b=33731" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">[3]</a></font></li></ul><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Book"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Book</font></span></h2><ul data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Dan Agin,&nbsp;<i>Junk Science: How Politicians, Corporations, and Other Hucksters Betray Us</i>, Thomas Dunne Books, October 2006, 336 pp. ISBN 0312352417 (Hardcover).</font></li></ul><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><span class="mw-headline" id="SourceWatch_Resources"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">SourceWatch Resources</font></span></h2><ul data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Sound_science" title="Sound science" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Sound science</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Precautionary_principle" title="Precautionary principle" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Precautionary principle</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Steven_Milloy" class="mw-redirect" title="Steven Milloy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Steven Milloy</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=JunkScience.com" title="JunkScience.com" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">JunkScience.com</font></a></li></ul><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;"><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">External links</font></span></h2><ul data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Consumers Union, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.consumersunion.org/products/distortsopi1299.htm" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">Consumers Union Statement about Consumer Distorts</a>", December 1999, accessed January 13, 2003.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junk_science" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Wikipedia: "Junk science"</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">J.R. Pegg, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ens-news.com/ens/jul2003/2003-07-14-10.asp" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">Health Advocacy Group Warns of Conflicted Science</a>",&nbsp;<i>Environment News Service</i>, July 14, 2003.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alternet.org/story.html?StoryID=17949" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">The Junk Science of George W. Bush</a>",&nbsp;<i>The Nation</i>, February 26, 2004.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scienceinpolicy.org/" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">Statement of over 1600 scientists voicing growing concern over the Bush administration misuse of science in environmental policymaking</a>&nbsp;(as of 4/22/2004).</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Greg Hanscom, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hcn.org/specialcollections/junkscience.jsp" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">Sound Science Goes Sour: An HCN collection on the Bush Administration's use of science</a>,"&nbsp;<i>High Country News</i>, June 23, 2003.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">David Michaels and Celeste Monforton, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brooklaw.edu/students/journals/jlpcurrent.php" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">Scientific Evidence in the Regulatory System: Manufacturing Uncertainty and The Demise of The Formal Regulatory System</a>",&nbsp;<i>Journal of Law and Policy</i>, Volume XII No 1, 2005.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">David Michaels,"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?chanID=sa006&colID=1&articleID=000E0C62-084F-1289-BC2083414B7F0000" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">Doubt Is Their Product: Industry groups are fighting government regulation by formenting scientific uncertainty</a>",&nbsp;<i>Scientific American</i>, June 15, 2005. (Sub req'd for full article. Copies are reproduced&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gsenet.org/fri.php#Industry%20Strategy:%20Create%20Doubt%20to%20Fight%20Regulations" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">here</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.powerlinefacts.com/Sciam_article_on_lobbying.htm" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">here</a>).</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">David Michaels, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/commentary/la-oe-michaels24jun24,0,5513408.story?coll=la-news-comment-opinions" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">The Art of 'Manufacturing Uncertainty'</a>", Commentary,&nbsp;<i>Los Angeles Times</i>, June 24, 2005.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Ed Iverson, Op/ed: "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lahontanvalleynews.com/article/20070418/Opinion/104180028" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">The rotten fruit of junk science</a>,"&nbsp;<i>Lahantan Valley News</i>&nbsp;(Fallon, Nevada), April 18, 2007.</font></li></ul></div></div><div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); padding: 5px; margin-top: 1em; clear: both;"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Categories</a>:&nbsp;</font><ul style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; padding: 0px; list-style: none none; display: inline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 0px; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0.25em; zoom: 1;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Category:Public_relations_techniques" title="Category:Public relations techniques" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Public relations techniques</a></font></font></font></font></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Category:Science" title="Category:Science" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Science</a></li></ul></div></div><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>----</b></font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>ref stub</b></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;in recent years charges of&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Bad_science" title="Bad science" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">bad science</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Junk_science" title="Junk science" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">junk science</a>&nbsp;in public policy debates has led to&nbsp;<b>false accusations of junk science</b>&nbsp;becoming a&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Propaganda" title="Propaganda" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">propaganda</a>&nbsp;technique in its own.</font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In this case, the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Propaganda_technique" class="mw-redirect" title="Propaganda technique" style="background: none;">propaganda technique</a>&nbsp;may merely be an attempt to tack "bad science" as a negative&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Buzzword&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buzzword (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">buzzword</a>&nbsp;onto whatever is being attacked. It may be effective because counter-arguments against these claims are long, complex and difficult to understand.</font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Accusations are typically levied by&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Think_tank" class="mw-redirect" title="Think tank" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">think tanks</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Public_relations" title="Public relations" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">public relations</a>&nbsp;firms under order from&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Tobacco" class="mw-redirect" title="Tobacco" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">tobacco</a>&nbsp;companies and businesses that have something to gain by denial of&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Global_warming" title="Global warming" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">global warming</a>.</font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Unfortunately, some claims of bad or junk science really are legimate, and sometimes these are mixed with accusations that are completely bogus.</font></p><ul data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E" ccircle="Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%23222%22/%3E" c="C" e="E" color="color" rgb="rgb" font-size="font-size" px="px" background-color="background-color" style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url("");" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=JunkScience.com" title="JunkScience.com" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">JunkScience.com</a>&nbsp;- Combines "junk science" accusations with vitriolic anti-liberal diatribes. Author affiliated with the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Cato_Institute" title="Cato Institute" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">Cato Institute</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Fox_News" title="Fox News" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">Fox News</a></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.techcentralstation.com/070203E.html" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" csvg="Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E" cpath="Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" c="C" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(""); background-position: right center; background-size: initial, initial; background-repeat: no-repeat, repeat; background-attachment: initial, initial; background-origin: initial, initial; background-clip: initial, initial;" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">Junking Junk Science</a>&nbsp;-&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Tech_Central_Station" title="Tech Central Station" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">Tech Central Station</a>&nbsp;article claiming global warming is "junk science" in vague term</font></li></ul><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>=</b></font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>The Advancement of Sound Science Center not to be confused w/ TASSC] hmmn, The Free Enterprise Education Institute, and the Free Enterprise Action Institute</b>: All were or are run by prominent skeptic Steven Milloy.</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"Sound science " is a key god term , the reverse of Junk Science, since doubt of science is center</font></p><div class="left"><h1><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Steve Milloy is still a fact fighter for hire</font></h1><div class="details"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Posted on February 9, 2012 by&nbsp;<a href="http://www.scholarsandrogues.com/author/brian-angliss/" title="Posts by Brian Angliss" rel="author">Brian Angliss</a>&nbsp;under&nbsp;<a href="http://www.scholarsandrogues.com/category/environment/" title="View all posts in Environment & Nature" rel="category tag">Environment & Nature</a>,&nbsp;<a href="http://www.scholarsandrogues.com/category/health-care/" title="View all posts in Health" rel="category tag">Health</a>,&nbsp;<a href="http://www.scholarsandrogues.com/category/science/" title="View all posts in Science & Technology" rel="category tag">Science & Technology</a>&nbsp;[&nbsp;<a href="http://www.scholarsandrogues.com/2012/02/09/steve-milloy-is-still-a-fact-fighter-for-hire/#comments"><strong>Comments:</strong>&nbsp;none</a>&nbsp;]</font></div></div><div class="post"><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In an article titled&nbsp;<a href="http://www.prwatch.org/news/2012/02/11276/syngentas-paid-third-party-pundits-spin-news-atrazine">“Syngenta’s Paid Third Party Pundits Spin the “News” on<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">&nbsp;Atrazine,</span>”</a>&nbsp;the Center for Media and Democracy’s (CMD) PR Watch revealed that Steve Milloy, editor of JunkScience.com, had been&nbsp;<b>hired to PR outreach through both his “National Center for Public Policy Research” and his “Free Enterprise Education Institute.”</b>&nbsp;CMD acquired&nbsp;<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/images/8/88/Syn_Email_Milloy_Asking_for_Grants.pdf">sealed court documents</a>&nbsp;from a lawsuit against herbicide manufacturer Syngenta that show<b>&nbsp;Milloy asking for a $15,000 grant in 2004 and invoicing Syngenta for $25,000</b>&nbsp;in 2008.</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/images/0/09/Syn_email_Talking_Points_for_Milloy.pdf">Another sequence of emails</a>&nbsp;shows two Syngenta employees talking about how Milloy was going to do his “weekly column” on the book “Poisoned Profits” and getting Milloy some talking points:&nbsp;</font></p><blockquote><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">From N. Beth Carroll, Syngenta, to&nbsp;<b>Sherry Duvall Ford, Syngenta</b>
Sent: August 6, 2008 3:02 PM
Subject: Poisoned Profits
“FYI
Steve Milloy is doing is weekly column on this book”</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">From Sherry Duval Ford to Beth Carroll
Sent: August 6, 2008 2:03 PM [Ed note: the email on page 2 of the&nbsp;<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/images/8/88/Syn_Email_Milloy_Asking_for_Grants.pdf">pdf</a>&nbsp;shows clearly that this email follows the previous one]
Subject: RE: Poisoned Profits
“Thanks for the info. Does he need talking points on atrazine?”</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">From Steve Milloy to Sherry Ford
Sent: August 6, 2008 5:48 PM
Subject: Atrazine talking points….
“Hi Sherry,
Beth Carroll said that you had some Atrazine talking points for me.
Would love to see them.
Thanks,
Steve”</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">From Sherry Ford to Steve Milloy
Sent: August 7, 2008 9:13 AM
Subject: RE: Atrazine talking points…
“Hi Steve–Thanks for your message. When do you need? I’ve been buried this morning but can get you something later this a.m.”</font></p></blockquote><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Fox News published Milloy’s column on “Poisoned Profits”</b>&nbsp;on August 7, 2008.</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Milloy has a&nbsp;<a href="http://www.scholarsandrogues.com/2007/11/27/we-berate-you-deride-a-closer-look-at-the-background-of-steven-j-milloy-executive-director-of-demanddebatecom/">long and degenerate history of denying scientific facts</a>&nbsp;in the service of anyone willing to pay his price that dates back to when he was paid by Philip Morris to deny the dangers of second hand smoke. More recently, Milloy has turned his jaundiced eye toward human-driven climate disruption, organic milk, and apparently, Syngenta’s herbicide atrazine. Beyond this, Milloy’s own public statements on climate disruption reveal him to be either&nbsp;<a href="http://www.scholarsandrogues.com/2011/05/20/milloy-either-incompetent-or-liar/">incompetent or a liar-for-hire</a>. Given how much money he commands in “grants” to his supposedly non-profit and/or tax-exempt foundations, I suspect that Milloy is actually quite competent.</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Milloy represents a political underbelly that needs strongly enforced regulations and a great deal of sunlight. But he’s just one of the more visible tips of this particular iceberg. After all, CMD identified four other supposedly disinterested third parties that Syngenta paid to cast doubt upon the science that found atrazine was environmentally toxic. How many other people have been paid through foundations, think tanks, and PR companies to do the same?</font></p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
Related posts (automated):</font><ol><li><a href="http://www.scholarsandrogues.com/2008/05/27/exxonmobiles-ironic-ally-steve-milloy/" rel="bookmark" title="ExxonMobil’s ironic ally: Steve Milloy"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">ExxonMobil’s ironic ally: Steve Milloy</font></a></li><li><a href="http://www.scholarsandrogues.com/2011/05/20/milloy-either-incompetent-or-liar/" rel="bookmark" title="Milloy proves he’s either incompetent or a liar in latest op-ed"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Milloy proves he’s either incompetent or a liar in latest op-ed</font></a></li><li><a href="http://www.scholarsandrogues.com/2008/01/11/an-open-letter-to-steven-milloy/" rel="bookmark" title="An open letter to Steven Milloy"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">An open letter to Steven Milloy</font></a></li><li><a href="http://www.scholarsandrogues.com/2007/06/03/steve-gilliard-1966-2007/" rel="bookmark" title="Steve Gilliard 1966-2007"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Steve Gilliard 1966-2007</font></a></li><li><a href="http://www.scholarsandrogues.com/2010/07/16/the-letter-that-steve-jobs-ought-to-write-to-apple-customers/" rel="bookmark" title="The letter that Steve Jobs ought to write to Apple customers"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">The letter that Steve Jobs ought to write to Apple customers</font></a></li></ol><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="post" style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.scholarsandrogues.com/2012/02/09/steve-milloy-is-still-a-fact-fighter-for-hire/trackback/"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Copy this link for the trackback URL</font></a></div><div class="post" style="text-align: left;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div class="post" style="text-align: left;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></div><div class="post" style="text-align: left;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div class="post" style="text-align: left;"><p style="border: 0px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 19.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;a commentator for FOX News who runs the website called "<a href="http://junkscience.com/what-is-junk-science/" target="blank" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">JunkScience.com</a>," which claims to debunk "faulty scientific data and analysis used to advance special interests and hidden agendas." But Milloy himself has been funded by special interests. Milloy, directly or through his organizational alter egos, formerly the<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Free_Enterprise_Education_Institute" target="blank" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Free Enterprise Education Institute</a>&nbsp;of the Cato Institute and the "Free Enterprise Project" of the&nbsp;<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Center_for_Public_Policy_Research" target="blank" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">National Center for Public Policy Research</a>,&nbsp;<a href="http://www.tnr.com/article/pundit-hire" target="blank" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">reportedly</a>&nbsp;received payments from&nbsp;<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Philip_Morris" target="blank" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Philip Morris</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/ExxonMobil" target="blank" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">ExxonMobil</a>, among others. When the story broke a few years ago that he had received over $180,000 from Big Tobacco, Fox News said it was unaware of Milloy's connection with Philip Morris. Any affiliation he had should have been disclosed.</font></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 19.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Documents obtained by CMD show that Milloy has also received&nbsp;<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/images/8/88/Syn_Email_Milloy_Asking_for_Grants.pdf" target="blank" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">an unknown number of checks for $25,000 each from Syngenta</a>&nbsp;(PDF) to amplify its talking points on atrazine. In one e-mail to Syngenta he asks if it is too soon to ask for another $25,000 and another email notes he was receiving payments in $15,000 increments. His projects at the time were about the "free enterprise" system. His most recent payment from Syngenta and the total amount he has received from corporation is not known.</font></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 19.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">When it comes to atrazine, Milloy has helped target UC-Berkeley integrative biology professor Tyrone Hayes. The professor is a leading independent scientist investigating the potential damage to health from atrazine exposure. He has spent over a decade researching atrazine and has reported findings that the weed-killer causes gender abnormalities in frogs -- even among frogs that were exposed to the weed-killer in doses smaller than the EPA sets as the limit for the annual average amount in drinking water.</font></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 19.2px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Milloy has called Hayes a "<a href="http://junkscience.com/2011/11/09/syngenta-atrazine-benefits-u-s-consumers-by-up-to-4-8-billion-annually/" target="blank" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Berserkeley atrazine-hater</a>" and has repeatedly attacked Hayes' scientific findings publicly. The Fox blogger has even gone so far as to accuse Hayes of lying about how he conducted the experiments: "We can't even be sure the concentrations of atrazine in the lab tanks are what Hayes' claims. After all, it's a lot easier to say the solution is 0.1 ppb of atrazine than it is to actually verify the assertion."</font></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 19.2px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">In the same blog post, called "</font><a href="http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,69497,00.html" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Freaky-Frog Fraud</a><font style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">," Milloy asserts that "Hayes seems to be determined to scare the public about atrazine." Milloy seems determined to do the opposite. Documents obtained by CMD include an&nbsp;</font><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/images/0/09/Syn_email_Talking_Points_for_Milloy.pdf" target="blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">2008 email from Milloy to Sherry Duvall Ford</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&nbsp;(PDF), head of external communications for Syngenta, which reads,&nbsp;</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">"</span><b><font style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Beth Carroll&nbsp;</font></b><font style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">said that you had some Atrazine talking points for me. Would love to see them. Thanks, Steve." Milloy has not mentioned his payments from Syngenta in his tv appearances.</font></font></p></div><div class="post" style="text-align: left;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></div><div class="post" style="text-align: left;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">LI</font></div><div class="post" style="text-align: left;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div class="post" style="text-align: left;"><div id="background-summary-container" class="background-section " data-li-template="summary_section" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 17px; background-color: rgb(223, 223, 223);"><div id="background-summary" class="background-summary edit-default" style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px 0px 5px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15) 0px 1px 1px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.027) -1px 0px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.027) 1px 0px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.118) 0px 1px 0px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="summary-header" style="margin: 0px; padding: 30px 35px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: 18px; background: none;"><h3 style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Summary</font></h3></div><div id="summary-item" class="editable-item section-item" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 35px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><div id="summary-item-view" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><div class="summary" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><p class="description" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 30px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Experience in agricultural production, EPA & USDA regulations, and agricultural policy especially in relation to interpretation of pesticide policy, risk assessments, & regulations with potential to affect growers, packers & processors. Experience in pesticide education, stewardship and benefits assessments.

Specialties:Plant Pathology; Horticultural Science & Food Microbiology; Agricultural Regulations & Policy</font></p></div></div></div></div></div><div id="background-experience-container" class="background-section" data-li-template="experience_section" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 17px; background-color: rgb(223, 223, 223);"><div id="background-experience" class="background-experience edit-default" style="margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px 0px 5px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15) 0px 1px 1px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.027) -1px 0px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.027) 1px 0px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.118) 0px 1px 0px; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><h3 style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 30px 35px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: 18px; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Experience</font></h3><div id="experience-191563825" class="editable-item section-item" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 35px 30px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><div id="experience-191563825-view" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><header style="font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><h4 style="margin: 0px 0px 5px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: 18px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Senior Stewardship Manager</font></h4><h5 style="margin: 0px 0px 5px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: 16px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Syngenta North America</font></h5></header><span class="experience-date-locale" style="font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; display: block;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><time datetime="2000" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">2000</time><time style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">&nbsp;– Present</time><time style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">&nbsp;(14 years)</time><span class="locality" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;">Greensboro, NC</span></font></span><p class="description" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-weight: inherit;">Wide-ranging experience in state and federal agricultural policy development and in environmental regulation of pesticides. She is experienced in the interpretation of pesticide policy, risk assessment guidance and the impact of pesticide use and biotechnology for growers, food packers/processors, and the crop protection industry.&nbsp;

Currently serve on the CAST Board of Directors as the company liaison, the Federal Advisory Committee for</span><b>&nbsp;USDA</b><span style="font-weight: inherit;">’s National Agricultural Statistics Survey, and the American Phytopathological Society’s Public Policy Board.</span>

<span style="font-weight: inherit;">Past pursuits include serving on the CAST Board of Representatives; the F</span><b>ederal Advisory Committee for the USEPA Pesticide Program Dialogue Committee</b><span style="font-weight: inherit;">; the Board of the North Carolina 4-H Foundation.</span></font></p></div></div><div id="experience-300835329" class="editable-item section-item" style="margin: 0px; padding: 30px 35px; border-width: 1px 0px 0px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><div id="experience-300835329-view" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><header style="font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><h4 style="margin: 0px 0px 5px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: 18px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Manager, Food Quality & IPM Initiatives</font></h4><h5 style="margin: 0px 0px 5px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: 16px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Novartis Crop Protection</font></h5></header><span class="experience-date-locale" style="font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; display: block;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><time datetime="1997" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">1997</time><time datetime="2000" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">&nbsp;– 2000</time><time style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">&nbsp;(3 years)</time><span class="locality" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;">Greensboro NC</span></font></span><p class="description" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-weight: inherit;">Provided technical support and initiated development of</span><b>&nbsp;food safety</b><span style="font-weight: inherit;">, IPM and environmental stewardship solutions for Novartis products with food processors, packers, grower groups, USDA, and NGOs; Resource for scientific/technical product information and science based&nbsp;</span><b>strategy development for congressional staff and other policy influencers on pesticide/biotechnology legislation and regulatory guidelines.</b></font></p></div></div><div id="experience-300839580" class="editable-item section-item" style="font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 30px 35px; border-width: 1px 0px 0px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><div id="experience-300839580-view" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><header style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><h4 style="margin: 0px 0px 5px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: 18px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Manager, Study Resources</font></h4><h5 style="margin: 0px 0px 5px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: 16px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Ciba Crop Protection/Novartis Crop Protection</font></h5></header><span class="experience-date-locale" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; display: block;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><time datetime="1995" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">1995</time><time datetime="1997" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">&nbsp;– 1997</time><time style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">&nbsp;(2 years)</time><span class="locality" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;">Greensboro, NC</span></font></span><p class="description" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Responsible for Contracted Studies required by FIFRA to register Crop Protection Products, fungicides, insecticides and herbicides (Residue Chemistry, Metabolism, Worker Exposure & Toxicology/Human Safety)</font></p></div></div><div id="experience-300838120" class="editable-item section-item" style="font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 30px 35px; border-width: 1px 0px 0px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><div id="experience-300838120-view" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><header style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><h4 style="margin: 0px 0px 5px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: 18px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Regulatory Manager</font></h4><h5 style="margin: 0px 0px 5px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: 16px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Ciba Crop Protection</font></h5></header><span class="experience-date-locale" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; display: block;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><time datetime="1991" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">1991</time><time datetime="1995" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">&nbsp;– 1995</time><time style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">&nbsp;(4 years)</time><span class="locality" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;">Greensboro, NC</span></font></span><p class="description" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Ciba Crop Protection, Senior Regulatory Manager:Managed federal registration of insecticide product line at EPA

Ciba-Geigy Corp., California State Regulatory Manager: Managed registration of all (herbicide, fungicide, insecticide) product lines with the California Department of Pesticide Registration</font></p></div></div><div id="experience-300836816" class="editable-item section-item" style="margin: 0px; padding: 30px 35px; border-width: 1px 0px 0px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><div id="experience-300836816-view" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><header style="font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><h4 style="margin: 0px 0px 5px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: 18px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Plant Pathologist, Northeast Research Station</font></h4><h5 style="margin: 0px 0px 5px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: 16px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Ciba-Geigy Corporation</font></h5></header><span class="experience-date-locale" style="font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; display: block;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><time datetime="1988" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">1988</time><time datetime="1991" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">&nbsp;– 1991</time><time style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">&nbsp;(3 years)</time><span class="locality" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;">Hudson, NY</span></font></span><p class="description" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Responsible for field and laborator</b><span style="font-weight: inherit;">y efficacy and residue studies for fungicides, nematicides, bactericides and biocontrol agents; established new laboratory for pesticide/plant pathogen research.</span></font></p></div></div><div id="experience-189080027" class="editable-item section-item" style="margin: 0px; padding: 30px 35px; border-width: 1px 0px 0px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><div id="experience-189080027-view" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><header style="font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><h4 style="margin: 0px 0px 5px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: 18px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">County Agricultural Extension Agent - Buncombe County</font></h4><h5 style="margin: 0px 0px 5px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: 16px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">NC Agricultural Extension</font></h5></header><span class="experience-date-locale" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 15px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; display: block;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><time datetime="1978" style="font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">1978</time><time datetime="1988" style="font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">&nbsp;– 1988</time><time style="font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;">&nbsp;(</time><time style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; vertical-align: baseline;"><b>10 years)</b></time><span class="locality" style="font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;">Asheville, North Carolina Area</span></font></span><p class="description" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; font-style: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-weight: inherit;">Provide extension education for growers of diverse cropping systems, horticultural support for&nbsp;</span><b>4-H program and educational support for the beekeepers</b></font></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="post" style="text-align: left;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></div><div class="post" style="text-align: left;"><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">wow a blast from the past:</font></div><div><a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20020625140654/http://www.rachel.org/bulletin/bulletin.cfm?Issue_ID=601"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">
</font></a></div><div><a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20020625140654/http://www.rachel.org/bulletin/bulletin.cfm?Issue_ID=601"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">http://web.archive.org/web/20020625140654/http://www<b>.rachel.org/</b>bulletin/bulletin.cfm?Issue_ID=601</font></a></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tbody><tr><td colspan="4" align="center"><b><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">#522 - Political Science, November 28, 1996</font></b></td></tr></tbody></table><left><b><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></b></left><div align="center"><table cellpadding="10" border="0" width="60%"><tbody><tr><td bgcolor="#FFFFFF" valign="middle"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Science is a process that allows people to reach agreement about the nature of reality, no matter what culture they come from. If I describe how to make a thermometer and you follow the recipe, you and I will end up agreeing that, at sea level, water boils at 212 degrees Fahrenheit (100 degrees Celsius). Not all of reality is accessible to the scientific method but for those parts that are, science allows us to reach agreement. Thus the scientific method has enormous power for getting people together.</font><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">We read about 30 scientific and medical journals on a regular basis. In recent years, a remarkable quantity of bad news for humans and the environment has appeared in these and other peer-reviewed journals. Because these results were gathered by the scientific method, they are pretty convincing. On the basis of this work, it seems safe to say that our civilization is pulling the rug out from under itself. Business as usual is relentlessly destroying the community of creatures and ecosystems upon which our survival depends. On the other hand, business as usual is enormously profitable for a small group of people, who fiercely defend what they are doing and who now sponsor an entire industry dedicated to denying that trouble lies ahead.</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">According to the NEW YORK TIMES, the business community has developed a specific wish list for the new Congress: they want less environmental regulation, and they want to curb the rights of citizens to bring lawsuits against corporations for harms</span>.[1]</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>It seems apparent that the long-term strategy for achieving both goals is to diminish the power of science</b>.&nbsp;<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The aim seems to be to bring science out of the laboratory and turn it into more of a street fight where the most powerful and ruthless adversary has the best chance of winning. By this means, it seems apparent, corporations intend to undercut the credibility (and therefore the power) of scientific findings</span>.</font></p><p><b><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In these two arenas --the courts, and government regulations -- contradictory tactics are being pursued.</font></b></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>In the courts, corporations (and the representatives they paid to install in Congress) are trying to limit scientific evidence by excluding views they claim are outside the mainstream</b>.<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">&nbsp;For example, the Republican Party's 1996 Platform contains a section called "Restoring Justice to the Courts," which proposes to "eliminate the use of 'junk science'... by requiring courts to verify that the science of those called as expert witnesses is reasonably acceptable within the scientific community..</span>."[2]&nbsp;<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">In other words, testimony by expert witnesses would be disallowed unless it represented the views of the scientific mainstream. Scientists with new research findings and new information about cause-and-effect would be effectively excluded from the courts until their work had been absorbed into the mainstream of science --a process that might take years or even decades.</span></font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>On the other hand, in the arena of environmental regulation, the same corporations (and their same representatives in Congress) are working hard to undermine the credibility of mainstream scientific views.</b><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">&nbsp;In this arena, their goal is to boost the standing and credibility of the scientific fringe --the handful of dissidents who say that global warming is not harmful and may even be beneficial; that the ozone hole is natural or has perhaps been faked; and that<b>&nbsp;dioxin is not nearly as poisonous as most scientists say it is --and it may even be good for you.</b></span></font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The thread that ties these contradictory views together is the goal of making science into something that confuses people and thus&nbsp;<b>drives people apart, instead of something that helps people reach agreement about the nature of reality.</b></font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">&nbsp;effort to make science more political has been gathering momentum since the election of 1994 when self-styled "conservatives" gained control of Congress. During 1995, the House Subcommittee on Energy and Environment held three public hearings, one devoted to depletion of the ozone layer, one to global warming, and one to the powerfully poisonous industrial byproduct, dioxin. According to a recent analysis of the hearing transcripts, a common theme emerged from the three hear</span>ings:</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">(1)&nbsp;<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Research funded by the federal government is not sound science because scientists have an economic incentive to exaggerate the importance of their work (<b>"to shill for the apocalypse," as one witness, Patrick Michaels,&nbsp;</b>phrased it);</span></font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">(2)&nbsp;<b>Consensus science derived from peer review is not sound science because it represents a conspiracy by the scientific establishment to suppress dissenting views;</b></font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">(3)&nbsp;<b>Science which contains uncertainties in its conclusions is not sound science</b>;</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">(4) Science that is not strictly empirical (meaning based on observations and not based on theories or models derived from observations) is not sound science.[3]</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 153, 0);">Clearly, if these definitions of "sound science" were accepted, most environmental science could not be considered sound, and nearly all studies linking human health to environmental degradation would be declared unsound.&nbsp;</span>There is --and always will be --uncertainty in our understanding of complex domains, such as the environment and human health. Models are used in all complex scientific studies--purely "empirical" studies, without reference to theoretical constructs, are rare. Peer review is how scientists find errors; without it, science could not proceed. And much environmental science must be funded by public agencies because the private sector has no interest in funding it (and, indeed, often has a strong interest in seeing that it is NOT funded.).</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The<b>&nbsp;effort to politicize science is proceeding outside the halls of Congress as well. Individual scientists, science writers, and scientific societies, are being intimidated by lawsuits and the threat of lawsuits. Examples:</b></font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 153, 0);">Last August, Bette Hileman, a veteran science writer for CHEMICAL & ENGINEERING NEWS (C&EN;), which is published by the American Chemical Society, wrote an opinion piece titled, "Global warming is target of disinformation campaign.</span>"[4] In it, Hileman described "a systematic campaign of disinformation" being conducted by a small group of scientists calling themselves the&nbsp;<b>Global Climate Coalition (GCC</b>) whose work is funded by coal, oil, utility, automobile, and chemical companies --the corporations whose profits might decline if Congress took global warming seriously.</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">A prominent member of GCC is Patrick Michaels, a faculty member at the University of Virginia and a fellow of the libertarian Cato Institute in Washington, D.C. Michaels often publishes commentaries covering everything from global warming to the free market and tax policy in the Reverend Sun Myung Moon's newspaper, the WASHINGTON TIME</span>S.[5]<b>&nbsp;In recent months, Michaels has been attacking the work of Benjamin D. Santer</b>&nbsp;of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California. Santer wrote the final draft of Chapter 8 of the latest report from the IPCC (United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). Chapter 8 concluded that "the balance of scientific evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate" --a conclusion fully supported by the IPCC but one that the coal and oil industries cannot leave unchallenged. Hileman evaluates Michaels's attack on Santer's work, concluding, "... [E]ither Michaels does not understand Santer's work or he is deliberately distorting it." In the normal course of scientific debate, such criticisms are routine.</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">But no longer.&nbsp;<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 153, 0);">Now S. Fred Singer --a former colleague of Michaels and a frequent author in the Reverend Moon's WASHINGTON TIMES --has threatened a lawsuit against the American Chemical Society</span>: "<b>The American Chemical Society may well be courting one or more libel suits," Singer writes in the Moonie TIMES November 13, 1996, referring to Hileman's opinion piece.</b>[6]</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Singer is himself one of the fringe scientists who appeared as a witness (as did Michaels) at the 1995 Congressional ozone hearing described above</b>. During the hearing, Singer tried to establish his ozone credentials by claiming to have published several peer-reviewed papers in which he presented his current theories about why the continent-sized ozone hole over the South Pole isn't a problem. However, when Congressional staff checked his references, they found that Singer's only published work on ozone depletion during the past 20 years had been<b>&nbsp;one letter to the editor of SCIENCE magazine, and two articles in magazines that are not peer reviewed</b>.[7] And of course his many articles in the Moonie WASHINGTON TIMES, where Singer is a regular blowhard columnist--the scientific equivalent of Rush Limbaugh. In fact, Limbaugh says he gets his information about the ozone depletion nonproblem from sources that have been traced back to Singer.[8]</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">&nbsp;assault on science doesn't stop with threats aimed at intimidating journalists. The LOS ANGELES TIMES reported (Nov. 22, pg. A3) that U.S. Ecology --a corporation trying to build a huge nuclear waste dump at Ward Valley in the California desert --has threatened to sue two scientists who were commissioned by the U.S. Department of the Interior to study the safety of the proposed dump</span>.<b>&nbsp;In a letter to the two scientists, U.S. Ecology wrote, "Should you continue your participation in Interior's ill-advised project, please do so based on the knowledge that U.S. Ecology intends to seek compensation from any persons or entities whose conduct wrongfully injures its interests in this manner."</b></font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The two scientists --hydrogeologists Martin Mifflin and Scott W. Tyler --are employees of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and are both members of the National Academy of Science's panel on Ward Valley.</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">&nbsp;U.S. Ecology tactic is working. The two scientists have said they must stop work on Ward Valley until the federal government agrees to pay their legal costs, if they are sued. A Department of Interior official called U.S. Ecology's tactic "disgusting" but said under law the government cannot indemnify contractors, so the Ward Valley safety analysis has been put on hold.</span></font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The message is unmistakable: if science is standing in the way of corporate goals, then the methods of science will be discredited, modified or discarded, and individual science writers and scientists, and even scientific societies like the American Chemical Society, will be threatened and intimidated.</font></p><p><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 153, 0);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>It seems clear that the root cause of these problems is a corporate form run amuck</b>. This legal form, which limits corporate owners' liability yet provides full Constitutional protections for corporate actions, is providing legal cover and nearly unbounded resources for continuing unprincipled attacks on our most important social institutions, including courts, elections, and the scientific method itself. Now would be an appropriate time to examine the corporate form, and modify it as necessary, to make corporations once again subordinate to the will, and the general welfare, of the American people.</font></span></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">--Peter Montague (National Writers Union, UAW Local 1981/AFL-CIO)</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">[1] Robert D. Hershey, Jr., "The Election Changes Little; Business Can Live With That," NEW YORK TIMES November 15, 1996, pg. D1.</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">[2] Republican platform quoted in Representative George E. Brown, Jr., ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE UNDER SIEGE: FRINGE SCIENCE AND THE 104TH CONGRESS (Washington, D.C.: Office of Representative George E. Brown, Jr., October 23, 1996), pg. 7, note 16. Brown is the ranking Democrat on the House Committee on Science.</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">[3] George E. Brown, Jr., report cited above in note 2, pg. 15; see also the rest of Brown's report, including the appendices.</font></p><p><b><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">[4] Bette Hileman, "Global warming is target of disinformation campaign," C&EN; August 19, 1996, pg. 33.</font></b></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">[5] Michaels writes regularly in the Reverend Moon's WASHINGTON TIMES; see, for example, March 30, 1994, pg. A14; October 18, 1993, pg. A16; March 17, 1993, pg. G3; February 5, 1993, pg. F1; and December 15, 1992, pg. F1. The WASHINGTON TIMES was founded, and has been subsidized to the tune of a billion dollars since its founding, by the Reverend Sun Myung Moon. See Daniel Junas, "The Washington Times: Who Pays the Bills for the Right's Daily Paper?" EXTRA! (March/April, 1995), pgs. 15-16. EXTRA! is published by Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting, 130 West 25th Street, NY, NY 10001; phone: (212) 633-6700.</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">[6] S. Fred Singer, "Disinformation about global warming?" WASHINGTON TIMES November 13, 1996, pg. A15.</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">[7] George E. Brown, Jr., report cited above in note 2, pg. 11, note 26, evaluates Singer's recent publications.</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">[8] See&nbsp;<b>Paul R. Ehrlich and Anne H. Ehrlich, BETRAYAL OF SCIENCE AND REASON</b>&nbsp;(Washington, DC: Island Press, 1996), pg. 41.</font></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="post" style="text-align: left;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></div></div></div><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></div>