Alternate Hypothesis*

1. Null Hypothesis (H0):

• • The null hypothesis represents the default or the status quo assumption.
  • It often states that there is no effect or no difference between groups or conditions.
  • It is denoted by H0.

Example: In a clinical trial, the null hypothesis could be that a new drug has no effect on reducing blood pressure.

2. Alternative Hypothesis (H1 or Ha):

• • The alternative hypothesis contradicts the null hypothesis.
  • It states what we expect to see if the null hypothesis is rejected.
  • It is denoted by H1 or Ha.

Example: For the clinical trial, the alternative hypothesis could be that the new drug reduces blood pressure significantly compared to a placebo.