Formalin

Attachments

1956 Using the epidemiologic information and the ability to grow adenoviruses in monkey kidney cells, a Formalin-inactivated, bivalent vaccine for adenovirus was developed in 1956, within 3 years of the initial description of the infectious agent,...
1958-1963 Formalin-inactivated, bivalent vaccine (Adenovirus vaccine)
1960s Attempts to develop an RSV vaccine began in the 1960s with an unsuccessful inactivated vaccine developed by exposing the RSV virus to formalin (formalin-inactivated RSV (FI-RSV)).[24] This vaccine induced vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease, in which children who had not previously been exposed to RSV and were subsequently vaccinated would develop severe RSV disease if exposed to the virus itself, including fever, wheezing, and bronchopneumonia.[24] Some eighty percent of such children (vs. 5% of virus-exposed controls) were hospitalized, and two children died of lethal lung inflammation during the first natural RSV infection after vaccination of RSV-naive infants.[24] This disaster slowed vaccine development for many years.[24]