Amacrine cell

<p>May 13, 2015 02:12 PM &nbsp;(this is a quite good wiki article (somebody cared.)</p>

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IPL = inner plexiform layer &nbsp;(closest to the RGCs = retinal ganglion cells )/</p>

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Amarines are interneurons in the retina. &nbsp;They are INHIBITORY and project their dendritic

arbors to the IPL. &nbsp;interacting with RGCs and bipolar.</p>

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The IPL is the 2nd synaptic layer where bipolar and RGCs form synapses.</p>

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33 difft types of amacrines!!!

based on dendrite morpholoyg and stratificaiton.</p>

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These cells work laterally (like horizontal cells)</p>

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whereas &nbsp;horizontals connect output of rods and cones;

amacrines affect the output from bipolars.</p>

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several neuroxmtr types... Most are inhibit using &nbsp;either &nbsp;GABA or glycine.</p>

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Well studied is the STARBURST amacrine. &nbsp;&nbsp;usu express ChAT &nbsp;choline acetyl transferas.

involved in direction processing.</p>

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ACh &nbsp;is released &nbsp;(but func is not clear)</p>

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and some &nbsp;GABA amacrines are dopaminergic &nbsp;(!?)

modulate light adaptation and circad rhythm.

diffusely release DA. &nbsp;while still releasing GABA at synapses.</p>

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All amacrines &nbsp;capture inut from rod bipolars and redistrib to cone bipolars.</p>