Applied ethics

Applied ethics – using philosophical methods, attempts to identify the morally correct course of action in various fields of human life.

• Economics and business
  • Business ethics – concerns questions such as the limits on managers in the pursuit of profit, or the duty of 'whistleblowers' to the general public as opposed to their employers.
  • Development ethics (economic development)
  • Ethics in management
  • Ethics in pharmaceutical sales
  • Lifeboat ethics (economic metaphor)
• Bioethics – concerned with identifying the correct approach to matters such as euthanasia, or the allocation of scarce health resources, or the use of human embryos in research.
  • Ethics of cloning
  • Veterinary ethics
  • Neuroethics – ethics in neuroscience, but also the neuroscience of ethics
  • Utilitarian bioethics
• Organizational ethics – ethics among organizations.
• Professional ethics
  • Accounting ethics – study of moral values and judgments as they apply to accountancy.
  • Archaeological ethics
  • Computer ethics – deals with how computing professionals should make decisions regarding professional and social conduct.^[3]
    • Ten Commandments of Computer Ethics
  • Engineering ethics
  • Journalism ethics and standards
  • Research ethics
    • Internet research ethics
  • Legal ethics
  • Marketing ethics
  • Media ethics
  • Medical ethics (aka clinical ethics)
    • Evidence-based medical ethics
    • Military medical ethics
  • Nursing ethics
• Ethics of technology
  • Technoethics – the ethics of technology in society
  • Ethics of terraforming
  • Cyberethics
  • Ethics of artificial intelligence
    • Machine ethics – the moral behavior of artificial moral agents
    • Roboethics – the moral behavior of humans as they design, construct, use and treat artificially intelligent beings
  • Internet ethics
  • Information ethics
• Social ethics – ethics among nations and as one global unit.
  • Population ethics
  • Sexual ethics
• Bridge ethics – codes of ethics applied during play of the card game known as contract bridge.
• Environmental ethics – concerned with issues such as the duties of humans towards landscapes and species.
  • Animal rights (also known as animal liberation) – the idea that the most basic interests of non-human animals should be afforded the same consideration as the similar interests of human beings.
  • Climate ethics – concerned with the ethical dimensions of climate change, and concepts such as climate justice.
  • Environmental virtue ethics
  • Trail ethics
• Ethics of eating meat
• Public sector ethics
  • Government ethics
  • Ethics in public administration
  • International ethics – in international relations
  • Regulatory ethics

Metaethics

• Metaethics or moral epistemology – concerns the nature of moral statements, that is, it studies what ethical terms and theories actually refer to.
• Moral syncretism – the attempt to reconcile disparate or contradictory moral beliefs, often while melding the ethical

practices of various schools of thought.

• Moral relativism and relativism
• Fallibilism – the philosophical principle that human beings could be wrong about their beliefs, expectations, or their understanding of the world
• Moral skepticism – a class of metaethical theories all members of which entail that no one has any moral knowledge
• Particularism
• Rationalism
• Conventionalism
• Axiology
• Formal ethics
• Rationality
• Discourse ethics – discovering ethical values through argument
• Ethics of justice
• Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development
• Evolutionary ethics
• Neuroethics – ethics in neuroscience, but also the neuroscience of ethics
• Situated ethics – a view of applied ethics in which abstract standards from a culture or theory are considered to be far less important than the ongoing processes in which one is personally and physically involved
• Philosophical realism
• Naturalism