Quran, Sources of ...
- The Old Testament (canonical and apocryphal)
- The New Testament (canonical and apocryphal) and various heretical doctrines.
- Sabaism, a combination of Judaism, Manicheism, and old disfigured Babylonian heathenism.
- Zoroastrianism
- Hanifsm (Waraqah ibn Nawfal)
- Native ancient and contemporary Arabian heathen beliefs and practices