1. Monosaccharides and Disaccharides

• The Two Families of Monosaccharides Are Aldoses and Ketoses

• BOX 7-1 What Makes Sugar Sweet?

• Monosaccharides Have Asymmetric Centers

• The Common Monosaccharides Have Cyclic Structures

• Organisms Contain a Variety of Hexose Derivatives

• Sugars That Are, or Can Form, Aldehydes Are Reducing Sugars

• BOX 7-2 Blood Glucose Measurements in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetes