Open in TheBrain

D. Systems Relations

"In social-ecological (stakeholder) systems relationships (causal and material) connect inside and outside with various levels of influence (power) from outside and inside. Bill Smith's AIC framework [Appreciate (ideals) Influence (values) Control (goals)] becomes relevant here. Vester's "inside" is Bill's "control" arena. Vester's "outside" is Smith's "Appreciative and Influence" arenas. Input is likewise from Bill's Appreciative and Influence arens and output is from Bill's Control arena.

AIC (IC)

Influence (inside & outside)

Control (input & output)"


  1. Opens through input - Environment, Resources (Energy, Matter, Information)
  1. Opens through output - Product (Energy, Matter, Information)
  1. Influenced from inside - VSM Sys 3
  1. Influenced from outside - VSM Sys 4