GPR119
<p ><b>G protein-coupled receptor 119</b> also known as <b>GPR119</b> is a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G_protein-coupled_receptor" title="G protein-coupled receptor" >G protein-coupled receptor</a> that in humans is encoded by the <i>GPR119</i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene" title="Gene" >gene</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-entrez_0-0" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPR119#cite_note-entrez-0" >[1]</a></sup></p>
<p>
GPR119, along with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPR55" title="GPR55" >GPR55</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPR18" title="GPR18" >GPR18</a>, have been implicated as novel <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabinoid_receptor" title="Cannabinoid receptor" >cannabinoid receptors</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid17906678_1-0" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPR119#cite_note-pmid17906678-1" >[2]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid20117132_2-0" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPR119#cite_note-pmid20117132-2" >[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid20346144_3-0" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPR119#cite_note-pmid20346144-3" >[4]</a></sup></p>
<p>
GPR119 is expressed predominantly in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreas" title="Pancreas" >pancreas</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastrointestinal_tract" title="Gastrointestinal tract" class="mw-redirect" >gastrointestinal tract</a>
in rodents and humans, as well as in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain" title="Brain" >brain</a> in rodents.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid16517404_4-0" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPR119#cite_note-pmid16517404-4" >[5]</a></sup> </p>
<p>
Activation of the receptor has been shown to cause a reduction in food intake and body weight gain in rats.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid16517404_4-1" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPR119#cite_note-pmid16517404-4" >[5]</a></sup> GPR119 has also been shown to regulate <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incretin" title="Incretin" >incretin</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin" title="Insulin" >insulin</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormone" title="Hormone" >hormone</a> secretion.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid18724386_5-0" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPR119#cite_note-pmid18724386-5" >[6]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid19009545_6-0" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPR119#cite_note-pmid19009545-6" >[7]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid19282326_7-0" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPR119#cite_note-pmid19282326-7" >[8]</a></sup> </p>
<p>
As a result, new drugs acting on the receptor have been suggested as novel treatments for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity" title="Obesity" >obesity</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes" title="Diabetes" class="mw-redirect" >diabetes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid16517404_4-2" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPR119#cite_note-pmid16517404-4" >[5]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid19009545_6-1" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPR119#cite_note-pmid19009545-6" >[7]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid18037923_8-0" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPR119#cite_note-pmid18037923-8" >[9]</a></sup></p>