6: Pythagoras

Pythagoras of Samos (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_English" title="American English">US</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English" title="Help:IPA for English">/pɪˈθæɡərəs/</a>;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagoras#cite_note-Collins2-1">[1]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_English" title="British English">UK</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English" title="Help:IPA for English">/paɪˈθæɡərəs/</a>;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagoras#cite_note-Collins-2">[2]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: Πυθαγόρας ὁ Σάμιος Pythagóras ho Sámios "Pythagoras the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samos" title="Samos">Samian</a>", or simply Πυθαγόρας; Πυθαγόρης in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionian_Greek" class="mw-redirect" title="Ionian Greek">Ionian Greek</a>; <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 570 – c. 495 BC)<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagoras#cite_note-3">[3]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagoras#cite_note-4">[4]</a> was an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionians" title="Ionians">Ionian</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greeks" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greeks">Greek</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_philosophy" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek philosophy">philosopher</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematician" title="Mathematician">mathematician</a>, and has been credited as the founder of the movement called <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagoreanism" title="Pythagoreanism">Pythagoreanism</a>. Most of the information about Pythagoras was written down centuries after he lived, so very little reliable information is known about him. He was born on the island of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samos" title="Samos">Samos</a>, and travelled, visiting <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>, and maybe <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagoras#cite_note-Boyer-5">[5]</a> Around 530 BC, he moved to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crotone" title="Crotone">Croton</a>, in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magna_Graecia" title="Magna Graecia">Magna Graecia</a>, and there established some kind of school or guild. In 520 BC, he returned to Samos.

Pythagoras made influential contributions to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy" title="Philosophy">philosophy</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religion</a> in the late 6th century BC. He is often revered as a great <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematician" title="Mathematician">mathematician</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientist" title="Scientist">scientist</a> and is best known for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagorean_theorem" title="Pythagorean theorem">Pythagorean theorem</a> which bears his name. However, because legend and obfuscation cloud his work even more than that of the other <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-Socratic_philosophy" title="Pre-Socratic philosophy">pre-Socratic philosophers</a>, one can give only a tentative account of his teachings, and some have questioned whether he contributed much to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">mathematics</a> or <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_philosophy" title="Natural philosophy">natural philosophy</a>. Many of the accomplishments credited to Pythagoras may actually have been accomplishments of his colleagues and successors. Some accounts mention that the philosophy associated with Pythagoras was related to mathematics and that numbers were important. It was said that he was the first man to call himself a philosopher, or lover of wisdom,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagoras#cite_note-6">[6]</a> and Pythagorean ideas exercised a marked influence on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a>, and through him, all of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_philosophy" title="Western philosophy">Western philosophy</a>.

6: Pythagoras

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