Testosterone
<p>From: Traumatic Brain Injury, Panhypopituitarism and Hormonal Evaluations as a Standard of Care
<a id="null" class="null" href="http://www.nevadaosteopathic.org/attachments/article/33/Clearfield%20Panhypopituitarism%20and%20TBI.pdf">http://www.nevadaosteopathic.org/attachments/article/33/Clearfield%20Panhypopituitarism%20and%20TBI.pdf</a></p>
<p>Major Depressive Disorder is Most Prevalent Post TBI • Growth Hormone Deficiency • Testosterone Deficiency is a Major Cause of Depression – Anxiety, aggression, Mood Disorder, Arousal, Sexual Dysfunction, Suicidal Ideation • Androgen Receptors are Present Throughout the Brain – Androgens have ongoing effects in mature brain – Androgens impact cognitive function.</p>
<p><img src="/5340b5e4-1465-42f4-91d8-2d7e19276b71.png" /></p>
<p><img src="/4d990bbd-482f-4716-93dd-20e50d46215f.png" /></p>
<p>Testosterone and Depression Post TBI
Testosterone Effects the CNS
• Free testosterone in lowest quartile=highest incidence of depression
Male
– At Risk: 295 ng/dL Free T 6.0 ng/ml (Median 12-14 ng/ml)
– Depression: 147.5 ng/dL Free T 3.0 pg/ml
Female
– At Risk: 22 ng/dL (median 44 ng/dL) ; Free T 1.0 ng/dL (median 2-4 ng/dL)
– Depression: 11 ng/dL ; Free 0.5 ng/dL</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Case study: Olivia G.
Diagnosis: Treatment Resistant Depression</p>
<p style="padding-left: 150px;">
Olivia Median</p>
<p>
Total Testosterone 12.72 ng/ml 44 ng/ml</p>
<p>Free Testosterone 0.08 ng/ml 2-4 ng/ml</p>
<p>DHEA-S 49.2 ug/dL 235 ug/dL</p>
<p>DHT 4 ng/dL <30 ng/dL</p>
<p> </p>
<p><img src="/39b32b81-7d54-48f7-b828-ff0d33abbd49.png" /></p>
<p><img src="/a15ea793-3574-47a0-b125-1d55721aee54.png" /></p>
<p>The Word on 5 Alpha Reductase is “Goldilocks”
DHT makes androgens (testosterone) more potent
Activity:
Metabolizes progesterone into a-Pregnanediol
Metabolizes cortisol into a-THF (b-metabolites of both through 5β activity)</p>
<p>
Upregulated leads to high androgen symptoms:
Men (thinning hair, prostate issues)
Women (PCOS, thinning hair, acne, facial hair growth)</p>
<p>
Increased enzyme activity:
High insulin and obesity
Edinger, KL; Frye, CA, Testosterone’s analgesic, anxiolytic and cognitive-enhancing effect may be due in part to
actions of its’ 5 alpha-reduced metabolites in the hippocampus; Behav Neuroscie; 2004 Dec;118(6):1352-64.
Albany, NY</p>
<p><img src="/747d2d20-b791-4e82-9c7e-b9a955e22059.png" /></p>
<p>Testosterone and DHT Elevation
• Finasteride and Dutasteride block conversion centrally</p>
<p>
– Cross BBB resulting in depression, fatigue, and sexual dysfunction
– Recommend Saw Palmetto, Pygeum, Pumpkin Seeds, Pomegranate Juice to
control conversion of T to DHT</p>
<p>Testosterone Metabolizes into Estradiol
• S/S Estrogen Excess in Men
• Breast Enlargement
• Prostate Enlargement
• Difficulty Urinating
• Increased Emotional Lability
• Tearfulness</p>
<p>Testosterone and Anxiety
Testosterone reduces anxiety, enhances cognitive performance.
Analgesic, anxiolytic, and cognitive effects are due to action on
5 alpha reductase metabolites in hippocampus effect
Edinger, KL; Frye, CA, Testosterone’s analgesic, anxiolytic and cognitive-enhancing effect may be due in part to
actions of its’ 5 alpha-reduced metabolites in the hippocampus; Behav Neuroscie; 2004 Dec;118(6):1352-64. Albany, NY</p>
<p>The presence of a LOW Prolactin level can be a tip-off in a patient with treatment resistant anxiety. Having a high dopamine (Prolactin inhibiting factor) will suppress the production of Prolactin from the Anterior Pituitary.</p>
<p>pg 18 of 33 medmedium avoid hormones for cfs, not tbi</p>
<p>Laboratory Evaluation in TBI
“The Optimal Physiological Level”
Major National Lab
Total Testosterone Range (264-916)=1180/2 = 590 Median
(Prior to July 17, 2017 Range (348-1197)= 772.5 Median Range lowered due to obesity crisis showing improvement w low testosterone levels</p>
<p><img src="/c7cffafd-05a7-4d3a-8953-c41482da4dc2.png" /></p>
<p><img src="/994b4435-237b-47ff-a3f8-50832d9c6d2f.png" /></p>
<p> </p>
<p><img src="/e6300998-d122-443d-aeed-e5bad776a989.png" /></p>
<p><img src="/77731d1b-ecf0-4908-b3fd-74f7122b58dd.png" /></p>
<p>Clomiphene Citrate
• Three year study (2014-2016) on the use of Clomid in two groups: Less than 40 and greater than 40.
• 2016 study: Less than 40 with a Free T of 5-10 get one tablet every 3rd day. Blood work in 12 weeks.
• Older than 40 get UL-Testosterone protocol (20mg)
every 3rd day with 25/50mg tablet of Clomid or no clomid. Blood work in 8-12 weeks.</p>
<p><img src="/516c9a39-ff75-4477-b6d8-8c47f202959c.png" /></p>
<p>Outcomes of Clomiphene Citrate Treatment in Young Hypogonadal Men.
Long-term follow-up of CC treatment for HG shows that it is a effective and safe alternative to
testosterone supplementation in men wishing to preserve their fertility.
Katz DJ1, Nabulsi O, Tal R, Mulhall JP. BJU Int. 2012 Aug;110(4):573-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2011.10702.x. Epub 2011 Nov 1.</p>
<p> </p>