PIEZOELECTRICITY
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Piezoelectricity is the electric charge that accumulates in certain solid materials—such as crystals, ceramics, and biological matter like bone—in response to applied mechanical stress. Discovered in 1880 by French physicists Jacques and Pierre Curie, the term originates from the Greek word piezein, meaning "to press" or "to squeeze."
The phenomenon is reversible, consisting of two complementary effects:
- Direct Effect: Mechanical stress (squeezing or bending) deforms the crystal structure, shifting internal charges to generate an electrical voltage.
- Inverse Effect: Applying an electric field causes the material to physically deform or vibrate.
This electromechanical coupling is utilized in everyday technologies including quartz watches, lighters, microphones, and ultrasound sensors.
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Saturday, August 22, 2026 08:53AM