Malthusianism

<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">bizzaro-world thru the looking glass</font><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">related to green Black death nonsense</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">when did he start using the term? can i find its origin/derivation?</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Recall that heartland started from premise that if global warming is real, it will require strong federal gov't? int'l cooperatyion, which is/are evil, so therefore it cannot be true.&nbsp; that is agenda 21-ish, environment will be used as an excuse for [preexisting} desire t control our lives.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">latest? no lnx</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://quillette.com/2019/05/24/why-we-should-embrace-our-nuclear-era/"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">https://quillette.com/2019/05/24/why-we-should-embrace-our-nuclear-era/</font></a></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style=""><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Published on May 24, 2019</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Why We Should Embrace Our Age of Nuclear</b></font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">written by Michael Shellenberger</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The age of humans may soon be known as the age of nuclear.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">For two decades, scientists have debated whether we are living in a new geological epoch. They appear to have decided that we are and that the invention of nuclear energy should mark its beginning.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Twenty-nine of the 34 members of the <b>Anthropocene</b> Working Group (AWG) voted this week to declare the invention and testing of nuclear weapons as the beginning of the Anthropocene or geological age of humans. The two other main contenders for demarcating the start of the epoch were the rise of agriculture, which radically altered landscapes, and the birth of the industrial revolution, which has accelerated climate change.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The 1945 explosion of nuclear weapons at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and the radioactive fallout from outdoor nuclear weapons testing, which continued until 1963, is physically embedded in glacial ice and earth sedimentation. Advocates for the invention of nuclear as the best way to mark the beginning of the human age note that, unlike anything done by hunter-gatherers, agriculturalists, or industrialists, nuclear activity leaves a human trace in the geology of Earth. “It is distinguishable,” argues Zalasiewicz. “It is distinctive.”</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style=""><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">In their decision, the AWG scientists are implicitly recognizing that nuclear energy is a permanent feature of human civilization, like fire, agriculture, and gunpowder. As such, the </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">decision by scientists to recognize nuclear as a revolutionary technology could help humankind to finally accept the technology along with its potential to lift all humans out of poverty, protect the natural environment, and<b> end war as we know it.</b></span></font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Why They Hate Nuclear Power</b></font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In the 1950s, President Dwight D. Eisenhower encouraged the use of nuclear energy to lift nations out of poverty as a way to redeem humankind generally, and the U.S. particularly, for the sin of having created nuclear weapons. But not everybody was on board with the project of ending poverty. Cheap energy would lead to overpopulation, deplete scarce resources, and destroy the environment,&nbsp; prominent scientists in the West feared. Humankind “would not rest content until the earth is covered completely, and to a considerable depth, with a writhing mass of human beings, much as a dead cow is covered with a pulsating mass of maggots,” the chemist Harrison Brown wrote in his 1950 book, The Challenge of Man’s Future.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style=""><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><b style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Brown was hugely influential among the New Left and environmentalists. One of Brown’s protégés was John Holdren, President Barack Obama’s science advisor. Holdren described Brown as “warm and witty…and surprisingly modest</b><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">” But Brown had also proposed the breeding and sterilization of humans to prevent “the long-range degeneration of the human stock.” Brown’s proposal was an extension of the ideas of 19th Century economist Thomas Malthus who had urged the extermination of the poor now so as to avoid more suffering later. “Instead of recommending cleanliness to the poor,” Malthus reasoned, “we should encourage contrary habits…and court the return of the plague.” Anti-humanist ideas came full bloom in Stanford biologist <b>Paul Ehrlich’s 1969 Sierra Club </b>book, The Population Bomb, which depicted poor people in India as animals “screaming… begging… defecating and urinating.”</span></font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style=""><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Opposition to nuclear energy baffled <b style="">humanistic conservationists</b>. They argued that nuclear was a solution to, not driver of, overpopulation. “Nuclear power is one of the chief long-term hopes for conservation,” argued Sierra Club President Will Siri in 1966, “perhaps second only to population control in importance.” Why? Because “Cheap energy in unlimited quantities is one of the chief factors allowing a large, rapidly growing population to set aside wildlands, open space and lands of high-scenic value,” Siri explained. But the <b style="">neo-Malthusians</b><b> had to attack nuclear power because it meant there would be no need for their draconian policies, like forced sterilization</b>.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style=""><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Nuclear undermined the claim by Western scientists that they, under the benevolent olive branches of the <b style="">United Nations,</b> needed to control “the development, administration, conservation and distribution of all natural resources,” as Holdren demanded in his 1975 textbook. By the early 1970s, the anti-nuclear faction had wrested control of the Sierra Club from humanistic conservationists like Siri, and began a half-century long campaign to <b>frighten</b> the public.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style=""><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">“Our campaign stressing the hazards of nuclear power,” wrote Sierra Club’s new President in a 1974 memo to the board of directors, “will supply a rationale for increasing regulation and add to the cost of the industry.” But they hid their true motives. When asked in the mid-1990s if he had been worried about nuclear accidents, one anti-nuclear leader replied, “No, I really didn’t care because there are too many people anyway … I think that playing dirty if you have a noble end is fine.”</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Their efforts worked. By 1987 the United Nations had embraced the attack on nuclear in a report called “Our Common Future.” All but one of the report’s 194 references to nuclear are negative. “The potential for the spread of nuclear weapons is one of the most serious threats to world peace,” reads a typical passage.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Rather than move to fossil fuels and nuclear, as other nations had in order to develop, poor nations should instead use wood fuel more sustainably, they argued. “The wood-poor nations must organize their agricultural sectors to produce large amounts of wood and other plant fuels,” urged the U.N. report authors. Such a demand was tantamount to urging poor nations to stay poor. There is no rich nation that depends primarily on wood for energy, just as there is no poor nation that depends primarily on fossil fuels or nuclear.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The Malthusian agenda continues today. Environmentalists insist that developing nations adopt renewables, energy efficiency, and other aspects of a low-energy lifestyle, not nuclear, even though no nation can develop without high levels of energy consumption.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In short, the problem posed by clean, cheap, and limitless nuclear energy was that it deprived Western scientists, governments, and U.N. bureaucrats any rational basis for exerting control over foreign economies and bodies.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Why They Hate the Bomb</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">After World War II, atomic scientists including the father of the atomic bomb and other progressive intellectuals sought to prevent the spread of nuclear energy by putting it under U.N. control. “Only the creation of a world government can prevent the impending self-destruction of mankind,” said Albert Einstein. “It is entirely clear that there is only one way in which great wars can be permanently prevented,” said Bertrand Russell, “and that is the establishment of an international government with a monopoly of serious armed force.”</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Looking back on the period it’s tempting to imagine that the demand for world government came in response to the bomb, but that’s wrong. The demand for world government preceded the invention of the bomb by over 150 years. In 1795, the German philosopher Immanuel Kant, proposed that humankind could achieve “perpetual peace” through a deliberative, United Nations-type organization. These ideas grew until the early 20th Century when progressives led by American president Woodrow Wilson imagined that liberal values like reason and mutual understanding would allow nations to abolish war.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Then World War I broke out, undermining confidence that human reason and brotherly understanding were capable of restraining what liberals viewed as irrational passions, like nationalism. After World War I, progressives arranged what they thought a fair resolution to territorial claims, confident that such a reasonable arrangement would prevent another war. But then World War II broke out, further dashing confidence that reason would be a path to peace.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Within a few weeks after the U.S. used the bomb on Japan, a group of experts at Yale concluded it would be impossible to get rid of nuclear weapons. If two nuclear-armed nations actually did ban the bomb, they realized, and then went to war with each other, the two nations would race to be the first to build the bomb and use it on the other. It would be better for nations not to disarm in the first place.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Conservatives were more accepting of the permanence of nuclear weapons than liberals. While conservatives join liberals in seeking to oppose the spread of nuclear weapons to other nations, they do not seek to abolish nuclear as a technology.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Liberals believe they seek nuclear abolition because they care more, or are more sensitive than conservatives, who tend to dismiss liberal hopes for nuclear weapon abolition as idealistic and unrealistic. But the roots of liberal opposition lie in Kantian rationalism. What’s so distressing, for liberals, about nuclear weapons is that they — not reason, diplomacy, and brotherly love — are in the process of ending war.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Deaths from wars and battles rose along with Enlightenment values from 1400 to 1945. Since then, deaths from wars and battles have plummeted by 95 percent. “It seems inescapable that what has really made the difference in inducing this unaccustomed caution,” noted Yale historian John Gaddis, “has been the workings of the nuclear deterrent.”</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">After working wonders between the U.S., Soviet Union, and China, nuclear deterrence worked wonders between India and Pakistan. The two nations fought a “war” earlier this year over a disputed border region. You might have missed it because so few people died.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“In South Asia,” India-Pakistan expert Sumit Ganguly says, nuclear deterrence has “for all practical purposes, done away with the prospect of full-scale war. It’s just not going to happen. The risks are so great as a consequence of the nuclearization of the subcontinent that neither side can seriously contemplate starting a war.”</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Consciously or unconsciously, liberals and progressives believe that the “perpetual peace” should have resulted from the use of reason, mutual understanding, and brotherly love — in short, from the union of nations — and are sad, disappointed, and angry that it was instead the result of a weapon.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Why We Return to Nuclear</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The real problem with nuclear is, in short, that it solves our biggest problems: war, poverty, resource scarcity, environmental degradation, and climate change. As such, it deprives powerful elites in powerful nations the intellectual and moral basis for demanding control over foreign territories, resources, economies, and populations.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">But nuclear also empowers&nbsp; relatively smaller, weaker, and poorer nations. Nuclear allows vulnerable island nations, including rich ones like Japan and England, to become energy independent of energy-rich and often domineering neighbors.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“Before we got nuclear power we were like slaves!” a South Korean nuclear engineer told me in 2017. Like Japan and Taiwan, South Korea must import coal, oil, and natural gas, while nuclear can be created domestically.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Nuclear is also the only way to solve climate change. The only two nations to have decarbonized their electricity supplies, France and Sweden, did so with nuclear. No nation has done so with solar and wind.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">And nuclear allows weaker nations to defend themselves against more powerful ones. France got the bomb because it was tired of being invaded by Germany. Israel got the bomb because it wanted the ultimate form of security. And North Korea got the bomb because the U.S. government made it clear that it might invade.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The underdog nature of the bomb wasn’t obvious right away. The reason is, in part, because two large and powerful nations, the U.S. and Soviet Union, were the first to get it. It has only been since the bomb has spread to poorer and smaller nations that its revolutionary essence has been fully realized.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The alarm that nuclear initially inspired need not continue. Americans do not want to invade Iran, even if it is close to getting the bomb, given the disastrous consequence of the US invasion of Iraq, which was justified, and widely supported, as a way to stop the spread of nuclear weapons.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Time is on nuclear’s side. Millennials were raised to fear climate change, not nuclear, and do not suffer the same anti-nuclear hang-ups as Baby Boomers or Generation Xers, who were traumatized by apocalyptic TV shows, movies, books, and articles. As Baby Boomers die off, and Millenials age into power, there is hope that nuclear power might realize its humanistic potential to safeguard the peace, and the climate. It helps that Earth scientists have finally recognized that nuclear energy is here for good.</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Michael Shellenberger is a Time Magazine “Hero of the Environment,” and president of Environmental Progress, an independent research and policy organization. Follow him on Twitter @ShellenbergerMD</font></div></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">LNX</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style=""><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The age of humans may soon be known as the age of nuclear.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">For two decades, scientists have debated whether we are living in a new geological epoch. They appear to have decided that we are and that the invention of nuclear energy should mark its beginning.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Twenty-nine of the 34 members of the&nbsp;<a href="http://quaternary.stratigraphy.org/working-groups/anthropocene/" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">Anthropocene Working Group&nbsp;</a>(AWG)&nbsp;<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-01641-5?sf213079395=1" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">voted</a>this week to declare the invention and testing of nuclear weapons as the beginning of the Anthropocene or geological age of humans. The two other main contenders for demarcating the start of the epoch were the rise of agriculture, which radically altered landscapes, and the birth of the industrial revolution, which has accelerated climate change.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The 1945 explosion of nuclear weapons at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and the radioactive fallout from outdoor nuclear weapons testing, which continued until 1963, is physically embedded in glacial ice and earth sedimentation. Advocates for the invention of nuclear as the best way to mark the beginning of the human age note that, unlike anything done by hunter-gatherers, agriculturalists, or industrialists, nuclear activity leaves a human trace in the geology of Earth. “It is distinguishable,”&nbsp;<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-01641-5?sf213079395=1" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">argues</a>&nbsp;Zalasiewicz. “It is distinctive.”</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In their decision, the AWG scientists are implicitly recognizing that nuclear energy is a permanent feature of human civilization, like fire, agriculture, and gunpowder. As such, the decision by scientists to recognize nuclear as a revolutionary technology could help humankind to finally accept the technology along with its potential to lift all humans out of poverty, protect the natural environment, and end war as we know it.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Why They Hate Nuclear Power</font></strong></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In the 1950s, President Dwight D. Eisenhower encouraged the use of nuclear energy to lift nations out of poverty as a way to redeem humankind generally, and the U.S. particularly, for the sin of having created nuclear weapons. But not everybody was on board with the project of ending poverty. Cheap energy would lead to overpopulation, deplete scarce resources, and destroy the environment,&nbsp; prominent scientists in the West feared. Humankind “would not rest content until the earth is covered completely, and to a considerable depth, with a writhing mass of human beings, much as a dead cow is covered with a pulsating mass of maggots,” the chemist Harrison Brown wrote in his 1950 book,&nbsp;<em style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The Challenge of Man’s Future.</em></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Brown was hugely influential among the New Left and environmentalists. One of Brown’s protégés was John Holdren, President Barack Obama’s science advisor. Holdren described Brown as “warm and witty…and surprisingly modest.” But Brown had also proposed the breeding and sterilization of humans to prevent “the long-range degeneration of the human stock.” Brown’s proposal was an extension of the ideas of 19th Century economist Thomas Malthus who had urged the extermination of the poor now so as to avoid more suffering later. “Instead of recommending cleanliness to the poor,” Malthus reasoned, “we should encourage contrary habits…and court the return of the plague.” Anti-humanist ideas came full bloom in Stanford biologist Paul Ehrlich’s 1969 Sierra Club book,&nbsp;<em style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The Population Bomb</em>, which depicted poor people in India as animals “screaming… begging… defecating and urinating.”</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Opposition to nuclear energy baffled humanistic conservationists. They argued that nuclear was a solution to, not driver of, overpopulation. “Nuclear power is one of the chief long-term hopes for conservation,”&nbsp;<a href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Critical_Masses.html?id=4zigZvQ1wm8C" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">argued&nbsp;</a>Sierra Club President Will Siri in 1966, “perhaps second only to population control in importance.” Why? Because “Cheap energy in unlimited quantities is one of the chief factors allowing a large, rapidly growing population to set aside wildlands, open space and lands of high-scenic value,” Siri explained. But the neo-Malthusians had to attack nuclear power because it meant there would be no need for their draconian policies, like forced sterilization.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Nuclear undermined the claim by Western scientists that they, under the benevolent olive branches of the United Nations, needed to control “the development, administration, conservation and distribution of all natural resources,” as Holdren demanded in his 1975 textbook. By the early 1970s, the anti-nuclear faction had wrested control of the Sierra Club from humanistic conservationists like Siri, and began a&nbsp;<a href="http://environmentalprogress.org/the-war-on-nuclear/" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">half-century long campaign to frighten the public</a>.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“Our campaign stressing the hazards of nuclear power,”&nbsp;<a href="http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2017/3/28/why-the-war-on-nuclear-threatens-us-all" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">wrote Sierra Club’s new President</a>&nbsp;[not named?]&nbsp;&nbsp;in a 1974 memo to the board of directors, “will supply a rationale for increasing regulation and add to the cost of the industry.” But they hid their true motives. When asked in the mid-1990s if he had been worried about nuclear accidents, one anti-nuclear leader&nbsp;<a href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Critical_Masses.html?id=4zigZvQ1wm8C" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">replied</a>, “No, I really didn’t care because there are too many people anyway … I think that playing dirty if you have a noble end is fine.”</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Their efforts worked. By 1987 the United Nations [Brundtland Comm] had embraced the attack on nuclear in a&nbsp;<a href="http://www.un-documents.net/our-common-future.pdf" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">report</a>&nbsp;called “Our Common Future.” All but one of the report’s 194 references to nuclear are negative. “The potential for the spread of nuclear weapons is one of the most serious threats to world peace,” reads a typical passage.[note slippage: sierra club subverted UN?!]</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Rather than move to fossil fuels and nuclear, as other nations had in order to develop, poor nations should instead use wood fuel more sustainably, they argued. “The wood-poor nations must organize their agricultural sectors to produce large amounts of wood and other plant fuels,” urged the U.N. report authors.[note no cite] Such a demand was tantamount to urging poor nations to stay poor. There is no rich nation that depends primarily on wood for energy, just as there is no poor nation that depends primarily on fossil fuels or nuclear.&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Brundtland_Report.djvu/30">https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Brundtland_Report.djvu/30</a>&nbsp;report 1987 (includes agenda 21?]</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">[i think the rec had to do with 1) it's a renewable fuel 2) it can work in the short -term with existing technology and low cost 3) planting trees is a&nbsp; good idea for a bunch of reasons [note this is the exec sum; the report itslef might provide rationale]; the report notes grave threat of climate change, so it's possible they had in mind bio-mass ? or maybe the idea that poor brn ppl in 3rd world who did not cause AGW shd not be the ones to pay disproportiantly.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brundtland_Commission">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brundtland_Commission</a>]</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The Malthusian agenda continues today. Environmentalists insist that developing nations adopt renewables, energy efficiency, and other aspects of a low-energy lifestyle, not nuclear, even though no nation can develop without high levels of energy consumption.[for a cutting edge guy, he seems to not get the whole skip copper concept]</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">In short,<b> the problem posed by clean, cheap, and limitless nuclear energy was that it deprived Western scientists, governments, and U.N. bureaucrats any rational basis for exerting control over </b><u style="font-weight: bold;">foreign</u><b> economies and </b><u style=""><b>bodies. </b>[sounds like colonialism, which the UN helped dismantle]</u></font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Why They </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Hate</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> the Bomb</span></font></strong></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">After World War II, atomic scientists including the father of the atomic bomb and other progressive intellectuals sought to prevent the spread of nuclear energy by putting it under U.N. control. “Only the creation of a<b> world government </b>can prevent the impending self-destruction of mankind,” said Albert Einstein. “It is entirely clear that there is only one way in which great wars can be permanently prevented,” said Bertrand Russell, “and that is the establishment of an<b> international government with a monopoly of serious armed force.”</b></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Looking back on the period it’s tempting to imagine that the demand for world government came in response to the bomb, but that’s wrong. The demand for world government preceded the invention of the bomb by over 150 years. In 1795, the German philosopher Immanuel Kant, proposed that humankind could achieve “perpetual peace” through a deliberative, United Nations-type organization. These ideas grew until the early 20th Century when progressives led by American president Woodrow Wilson imagined that liberal values like reason and mutual understanding would allow nations to abolish war.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Then World War I broke out, undermining confidence that human reason and brotherly understanding were capable of restraining what liberals viewed as irrational passions, like nationalism. After World War I, progressives arranged what they thought a fair resolution to territorial claims, confident that such a reasonable arrangement would prevent another war. But then World War II broke out, further dashing confidence that reason would be a path to peace.[well league of nations est'b after WW!? and was scuttled by RW US Lodge; not sure anyone thot treaty of V fair, clearly a punishment]</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Within a few weeks after the U.S. used the bomb on Japan, a group of experts at Yale concluded it would be impossible to get rid of nuclear weapons. If two nuclear-armed nations actually did ban the bomb, they realized, and then went to war with each other, the two nations would race to be the first to build the bomb and use it on the other. It would be better for nations not to disarm in the first place.[note no names or cite]</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Conservatives were more accepting of the permanence of nuclear weapons than liberals.</b> While conservatives join liberals in seeking to oppose the spread of nuclear weapons to other nations, they do not seek to abolish nuclear as a technology.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Liberals believe they seek nuclear abolition because they care more, or are more sensitive than conservatives, who tend to dismiss liberal hopes for nuclear weapon abolition as idealistic and unrealistic. But the roots of liberal opposition lie in Kantian rationalism. <b>What’s so distressing, for liberals, about nuclear weapons is that they — not reason, diplomacy, and brotherly love — are in the process of ending war.</b></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Deaths from wars and battles&nbsp;<a href="https://slides.ourworldindata.org/war-and-violence/#/6" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">rose</a>&nbsp;along with Enlightenment values from 1400 to 1945. Since then, deaths from wars and battles have plummeted by 95 percent. “It seems inescapable that what has really made the difference in inducing this unaccustomed caution,” noted Yale historian John Gaddis, “has been the workings of the nuclear deterrent.”[so we should encourage IRan, North korea, and anyone else to GET them?!]</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">After working wonders between the U.S., Soviet Union, and China, nuclear deterrence worked wonders between India and Pakistan. The two nations fought a “war” earlier this year over a disputed border region. You might have missed it because so few people died.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“In South Asia,” India-Pakistan expert Sumit Ganguly&nbsp;<a href="https://www.vox.com/2014/8/21/6049569/would-it-be-so-bad-if-iran-gets-the-bomb" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">says</a>, nuclear deterrence has “for all practical purposes, done away with the prospect of full-scale war. It’s just not going to happen. The risks are so great as a consequence of the nuclearization of the subcontinent that neither side can seriously contemplate starting a war.”</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Consciously or unconsciously, liberals and progressives believe that the “perpetual peace” should have resulted from the use of reason, mutual understanding, and brotherly love — in short, from the union of nations — and are sad, [trump #] disappointed, and angry that it was instead the result of a weapon.[rediculous reductionsit bad pop psych to claim that the greatest desire of left, peace, is denigrated b/c of the way it was acheived?!]</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Why We Return to Nuclear</font></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The real problem with nuclear is, in short, that it solves our biggest problems: war, poverty, resource scarcity, environmental degradation, and climate change. As such, it deprives <b>powerful elites</b> in powerful nations the intellectual and moral basis for demanding control over foreign territories, resources, economies, and populations. [the US has military bases in 800 countries, having quite a lot to do with oil and access to mkts].</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">But nuclear also empowers&nbsp; relatively smaller, weaker, and poorer nations. Nuclear allows vulnerable island nations, including rich ones like Japan and England, to become energy independent of energy-rich and often domineering neighbors.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“Before we got nuclear power we were like slaves!” a South Korean nuclear engineer told me in 2017. Like Japan and Taiwan, South Korea must import coal, oil, and natural gas, while nuclear can be created domestically.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Nuclear is also the only way to solve climate change. The only two nations to have decarbonized their electricity supplies, France and Sweden, did so with nuclear. No nation has done so with solar and wind.[trajectory of renewables in sweden?</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">And nuclear allows weaker nations to defend themselves against more powerful ones. France got the bomb because it was tired of being invaded by Germany. Israel got the bomb because it wanted the ultimate form of security. And North Korea got the bomb because the U.S. government&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axis_of_evil" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">made it clear</a>&nbsp;that it might invade.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The underdog nature of the bomb wasn’t obvious right away. The reason is, in part, because two large and powerful nations, the U.S. and Soviet Union, were the first to get it. It has only been since the bomb has spread to poorer and smaller nations that its revolutionary essence has been fully realized.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The alarm that nuclear initially inspired need not continue. Americans do not want to invade Iran,[but bolton, pompeo and ther B team does?!]&nbsp; even if it is close to getting the bomb, given the disastrous consequence of the US invasion of Iraq, which was justified, and widely supported, as a way to stop the spread of nuclear weapons.[he's making a WMD argument?! alum tubes and yellow cake?!]</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Time is on nuclear’s side. Millennials were raised to fear [irrationally, he suggests? they don't fear socialism either] climate change, not nuclear, and do not suffer the same anti-nuclear hang-ups as Baby Boomers or Generation Xers, who were traumatized by apocalyptic TV shows, movies, books, and articles. As Baby Boomers die off, and Millenials age into power, there is hope that nuclear power might realize its<b> humanistic </b>potential to safeguard the peace, and the climate. It helps that<b> Earth scientists </b>have finally recognized that nuclear energy is here for good.</font></p></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">page 30 of 39?</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style=""><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; text-align: justify;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">59. </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">To bring developing countries' energy use up to industrialized country levels by the year 2025 would require increasing present global energy use by a factor of five. The planetary ecosystem could not stand this. especially if the increases were based on non-renewable fossil fuels. Threats of global warming and acidification of the environment most probably rule out even a doubling of energy use bared on present mixes of primary sources.</span></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; text-align: justify;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">60. Any new era of economic growth must therefore be less energy intensive than growth in the past. Energy efficiency policies must be the cutting edge of national energy strategies for sustainable development, and there is much scope for improvement in this direction. Modern appliances can be redesigned to deliver the same amounts of energy-services with only two-thirds or even one-half of the primary energy inputs needed to run traditional equipment. And energy efficiency solutions are often cost-effective.</font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; text-align: justify;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><b style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">61. After almost four decades of immense technological effort, nuclear energy has become widely used</b><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> During this period. however, the nature of its costs. risks. and benefits have become more evident and the subject of sharp controversy. Different countries world-wide take up different positions on the use of nuclear energy. The discussion in the Commission also reflected these different views and positions. <b>Yet all agreed that the generation of nuclear power is only justifiable if there are solid solutions to the unsolved problems to which it gives rise.</b> The highest priority should be accorded to research and development on environmentally sound and ecologically viable alternatives, as well as on means of increasing the safety of nuclear energy.</span></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; text-align: justify;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">62. Energy efficiency can only buy time for the world to develop 'low-energy paths' based on renewable sources. which should form the foundation of the global energy structure during the 21st Century. Most of these sources are currently problematic. but given innovative development, they could supply the same amount of primary energy the planet now consumes. However, achieving these use levels will require a programme of coordinated research. development. and demonstration projects commanding funding necessary to ensure the rapid development of renewable energy. Developing countries will require assistance to change their energy use patterns in this direction.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; text-align: justify;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>63. Millions of people in the developing world are short of fuelwood, the main domestic energy of half of humanity, and their numbers are growing. The wood-poor nations must organize their agricultural sectors to produce large amounts of wood and other plant fuels.</b></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px; line-height: inherit; text-align: justify;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">64.<b> The substantial changes required in the present global energy mix will not be achieved by market pressures alone,</b> given the dominant role of governments as producers of energy and their importance as consumers. If the recent momentum behind annual gains in energy efficiency is to be maintained and extended, governments need to make it an explicit goal of their policies for energy pricing to consumers. Prices needed to encourage the adoption of energy—saving measures may be achieved through several means. Although the Commission expresses no preference,'conservation pricing' requires that governments take a long-term</font></p></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://quillette.com/2018/08/23/the-saving-power-in-danger/"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">https://quillette.com/2018/08/23/the-saving-power-in-danger/</font></a></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">2x?</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">w<span style="" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" font-size="font-size" rem="rem">e encounter dangerous things and seek to get rid of them, often for good reason. But what about when doing so makes the world more dangerous?</span></font></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Consider, for example:</font></p><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 50px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: square; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 4px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style-position: outside;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Parents who refuse to vaccinate create disease epidemics that harm children,&nbsp;<a href="https://news.vice.com/article/these-anti-vaccination-parents-are-on-trial-for-their-sons-death" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">including their own</a>;</font></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 4px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style-position: outside;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">School programs that teach children to “just say no” to alcohol and drugs&nbsp;<a href="http://ndsn.org/marapr97/cadruged.html" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">backfire by</a>&nbsp;undermining the distinction between use and abuse;</font></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 4px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style-position: outside;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Universities that encourage “trigger warnings” to protect supposedly fragile students may&nbsp;<a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2015/09/the-coddling-of-the-american-mind/399356/" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">make them&nbsp;</a><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2015/09/the-coddling-of-the-american-mind/399356/" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">more</a><a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2015/09/the-coddling-of-the-american-mind/399356/" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">&nbsp;fragile and vulnerable to anxiety and depression;</a></font></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 4px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style-position: outside;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Nations&nbsp;<a href="http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2018/06/26/1804655115.short?rss=1" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">fearing the dangers of nuclear power</a>&nbsp;turn to energy sources that result in&nbsp;<a href="http://www.who.int/airpollution/en/" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">premature deaths</a>&nbsp;from air pollution;</font></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 4px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style-position: outside;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Efforts to prevent nations like North Korea and Iran from getting nuclear weapons&nbsp;<a href="https://www.eurasiareview.com/24052017-let-north-korea-have-peaceful-nuclear-power-oped/" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">have given those nations&nbsp;</a>greater motivation to acquire one.</font></li></ul><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">While these behaviors are very different from one another, they stem from a view of danger as something to be eliminated rather than utilized. This is a problem because what makes things dangerous can also give them their power to save lives.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Why do we struggle to see the positive potential in frightfully dangerous things? And what can be done to inculcate a more mature view? To answer these questions we must first take a closer look at what we mean by danger.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">I.</font></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The&nbsp;<a href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/danger" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">current meaning</a>&nbsp;of danger — “exposure or liability to injury, pain, harm, or loss” — replaced an older meaning of danger, which was of a jurisdiction or property, e.g., “You stand within his danger, do you not?” a range, e.g., “out of the shot and danger of desire,” and harm, e.g., “a sting in him that at his will he may do danger with.” (All quotes are from Shakespeare.)</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In Shakespeare’s day, danger referred to both a place controlled by a powerful person, a lord, as well as to generic sense of harm. The word danger&nbsp;<a href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/danger" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">comes from</a>the Latin&nbsp;<em style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">dominium</em>, or ownership. To be “in danger” was to be in a place of power — on the land of the lord. Whether power was negative (if, say, you were trespassing) or positive (you were the lord’s guest) depended on your perspective, status, and what you were doing.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The power to harm and to protect were thus often one and the same, or at least closely related. The 19th Century German poet, Friedrich Hölderlin, observed that, “Where there is danger, so too grows salvation.” The German word for salvation,&nbsp;<em style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Das Rettende</em>, can also be translated as “the saving power,” or “the rescuing.”</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">And isn’t that what vaccines were — humankind’s salvation? Before we had them disease epidemics would periodically wipe out large swaths of the population. The Black Death (1347–51) wiped out 60 percent of Europe. As a weakened form of a deadly virus, vaccines&nbsp;<a href="https://www.livescience.com/32617-how-do-vaccines-work.html" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">train the body</a>&nbsp;how to fight more dangerous versions of itself. They are thus a powerful metaphor for the approach I am advocating toward danger in general.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">As a society we have largely forgotten how terrible measles, mumps, smallpox, and polio epidemics were and still are, thanks to the efficacy of vaccines. As a result, many parents refuse to vaccinate their children, believing&nbsp;<a href="http://www.politifact.com/punditfact/statements/2015/feb/03/bob-sears/what-cdc-statistics-say-about-vaccine-illnesses-in/" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">popular myths about their danger</a>. This has resulted in deadly outbreaks, such as the 2015&nbsp;<a href="http://www.latimes.com/science/sciencenow/la-sci-sn-disneyland-measles-under-vaccination-20150316-story.html" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">measles outbreak from exposures at Disneyland</a>.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The upside of disease outbreaks is that they remind us of the importance of vaccines. In response to recent outbreaks,&nbsp;<a href="http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-california-vaccination-20170412-story.html" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">vaccination rates soared</a>, and the California legislature required all students attending public schools to be vaccinated.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Some parents embrace the exposure of their children to sickness. Indeed, the same “helicopter parent” who hovers over her son playing on the monkey bars might the next minute wave away concerns that he is kissing another boy with a runny nose by saying, “It’s okay — it will strengthen his immune system.”</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Now, having successfully wiped out smallpox virus from societies, governments are debating whether to eliminate the disease for good. Smallpox killed an astonishing 500 million people in the 20th Century —&nbsp;<a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2014/05/09/310475511/keep-or-kill-last-lab-stocks-of-smallpox-time-to-decide-says-who" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">three times more than died</a>&nbsp;in every war in that century combined. Understandably, then, experts want&nbsp;<a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2014/05/09/310475511/keep-or-kill-last-lab-stocks-of-smallpox-time-to-decide-says-who" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">the U.S. and Russia to destroy the last remaining smallpox&nbsp;</a>stocks.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Why, then, have we still not destroyed the last remaining vials of smallpox? Because, for 25 years, a small but increasingly influential group of scientists has argued that we might one day find a beneficial use to the virus. Their case has been helped by the fact that&nbsp;<a href="https://newatlas.com/poliovirus-rhinovirus-cancer-treatment-study/51449/" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">a modified form of polio</a>&nbsp;is currently being used to treat cancer, and&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cancer.gov/news-events/cancer-currents-blog/2018/oncolytic-viruses-to-treat-cancer" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">dozens of other viruses</a>&nbsp;are candidates for immunotherapy.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">II.</font></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Unfortunately, many parents today do not extrapolate their healthy view of their children’s immune systems to other aspects of their lives. Just a few decades ago, parents and teachers used to let children roam freely, without supervision; experience the pain of losing in sports without the salve of a “participation trophy”; and discuss emotionally charged material without trigger warnings. What changed?</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The psychologist Jonathan Haidt and Greg Lukianoff, President of the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education&nbsp;<a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2015/09/the-coddling-of-the-american-mind/399356/" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">partly attribute over-protection and coddling to rising crime</a>&nbsp;in the 30 years after 1960. But many of the students demanding that colleges be “safe spaces,” and trigger warnings be issued, were raised after violent crime peaked in 1990, and started its steady decline. True, parents who kept their children home rather than allowing them to roam freely may have believed crime was rampant. But, if that is indeed the case, why are parents so confused? Perhaps fault lies with the media. Both Friedrich Nietzsche and Sigmund Freud made the case that rising civilization and pacification of societies would result in ever-more violent and frightening&nbsp;<em style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">fantasies</em>. Any look at the evolution of Hollywood films and television programming over the last century confirms this.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">How should we deal with widespread overprotection of children from moderate levels of danger? Lukianoff and Haidt argue that&nbsp;<a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2015/09/the-coddling-of-the-american-mind/399356/" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">universities should discourage trigger warnings</a>, encourage exposure therapy, and teach cognitive behavioral therapy. Exposure therapy is a way for highly fearful people, including those who have suffered trauma, to overcome their fears through gradual, low-level exposure to the fearful thing in question — sort of like a vaccine. Exposure therapy helps people overcome fears of everything from heights, spiders, public places, and emotionally charged discussions. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) teaches people to talk back to our inner voices that lead us to “catastrophize” — exaggerate potential dangers.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Challenging young people incrementally, and exposing them to dangers, can make them stronger and more resilient, or as Nassim Taleb says:&nbsp;<a href="https://amzn.to/2nVVyF4" rel="noopener" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">anti-fragile</a>.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3751802/" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">Sports</a>&nbsp;— without the participation trophies — offers modest hardship, both physical and emotional (when losing). Nations like Spain, Italy, and France, where drinking wine with meals is standard, were ranked as the&nbsp;<a href="https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A1048?lang=en?showonly=GISAH" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">least risky by the World Health Organization.</a>&nbsp;And&nbsp;<a href="https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/drug-education-the-triumph-of-bad-science-53703/" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">“resilience [drug and alcohol] education”</a>&nbsp;trains young adults to make their own decisions than do inanely authoritarian “just say no” type efforts.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Does this mean we should subject kids to cruelty, or encourage alcohol and drug use? Of course not. Allowing very young&nbsp;<a href="https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2016/04/25/offering-kids-a-taste-of-alcohol/" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">children, as opposed to older teens, to sip alcohol may, in fact, create drinking problems</a>&nbsp;later. And while experiencing some amount of&nbsp;<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014019711600049X" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">hardship as a teenager</a>&nbsp;and young adult makes us resilient,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.pathwayshrc.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Resilience-lit-summary.pdf" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">too much hardship too early can be severely damaging</a>. Recall that vaccines are a weakened form of the virus.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">III.</font></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Even the most dangerous things hold enormous potential to save lives. Nuclear energy is a dramatic example. It is one of the most dangerous things in the world, if not the most dangerous. But the same mechanism (splitting uranium atoms) can be used to either destroy cities or power them with cheap, clean energy.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Just as vaccines are a controlled and weaker form of the virus, a nuclear plant is a controlled and weaker form of a nuclear chain reaction. In a bomb, it’s the uncontrolled splitting of uranium atoms that results in a massive explosion. In a nuclear plant, it’s the controlled splitting of uranium atoms that results in functionally unlimited quantities of heat that can be used to create electricity, clean water, and hydrogen (for transportation) without air or water pollution.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Intriguingly, the same thing that makes nuclear weapons so dangerous is what makes nuclear power so safe: energy density. Only tiny quantities of uranium fuel are required in a bomb or a power plant. As such, even when something goes dreadfully wrong, such as at Chernobyl and Fukushima, only very small<a href="http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2017/11/21/why-i-changed-my-mind-about-nuclear-power-transcript-of-michael-shellenbergers-tedx-berlin-2017" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">&nbsp;amounts of pollution escape into the environment</a>. Nobody has died from exposure to the radiation from the Fukushima accident, and scientists estimate fewer than 200 people in total will die prematurely (over a period of decades) from the radiant pollution that escaped from the Chernobyl reactors.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">By contrast, the burning of gigantic quantities of wood and coal end up caking cities like Delhi and Beijing in particulate matter, and shorten the lives of&nbsp;<a href="http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2014/air-pollution/en/" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">seven million people&nbsp;</a><a href="http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2014/air-pollution/en/" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">every year</a>. As a result, scientists estimate that nuclear power has already prevented the premature deaths of&nbsp;<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/497539e" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">1.8 million people</a>&nbsp;by avoiding the combustion of biomass and fossil fuels.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">What about nuclear weapons? Progressives tend to fear them in general while conservatives fear them in the hands of our enemies. In 2002, President George W. Bush declared Iraq, Iran, and North Korea as part of an “axis of evil,” and proceeded to invade Iraq with the express purpose of preventing it from obtaining a nuclear weapon. The result was 450,000 dead — four times more than were killed in Hiroshima — and worsening terrorist violence across the Middle East. North Korea responded by, quite understandably, obtaining the bomb. Now, Iran may do the same. The saving power in nuclear weapons is in preventing similarly horrendous invasions in the future.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Since their invention in 1945, the number of deaths in battle has&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/08/06/who-are-we-to-deny-weak-nations-the-nuclear-weapons-they-need-for-self-defense/" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">declined</a>&nbsp;95 percent globally. After India and Pakistan got the bomb the number of battle deaths also declined 95 percent. There’s no mystery why. Nations with nuclear weapons pointed at each other exercise greater restraint. They fight skirmishes not full-scale wars. As such, the best part of a nuclear-armed North Korea and Iran means the U.S. won’t replicate the idiocy of its invasion of Iraq.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">But won’t more nations with nuclear weapons increase the chance that a weapon will be used in the future? The opposite appears to be the case. The closest humankind came to nuclear war was the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1961 — 16 years after the invention of the bomb. Since then, nations have put in place numerous safeguards to prevent against the accidental, unauthorized, and irrational use of a nuclear bomb. As a result, the number of close calls relating to the fearful technology&nbsp;<a href="https://futureoflife.org/background/nuclear-close-calls-a-timeline/" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">has declined significantly</a>&nbsp;over the last 50 years, even as the number of nations with the bomb doubled, from five to 10.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Can a kind of collective therapy help us overcome our understandable, but irrational, fears of nuclear power? Something like that worked for me. After Whole Earth Catalog founder and original hippie, Stewart Brand,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.ted.com/talks/stewart_brand_proclaims_4_environmental_heresies" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">changed his mind and spoke out publicly in favor of</a>&nbsp;nuclear power, he motivated many environmentalists,&nbsp;<a href="http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2017/11/21/why-i-changed-my-mind-about-nuclear-power-transcript-of-michael-shellenbergers-tedx-berlin-2017" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">including me, to rethink our views</a>. Brand didn’t just talk back to our tendency to catastrophize nuclear power, he exposed us to his own experience of becoming pro-nuclear, creating a pathway out of fear through an evidence-based consideration of potential harms and benefits.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">IV.</font></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In her 1966 book,&nbsp;<em style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://amzn.to/2MFhrq5" rel="noopener" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">Purity and Danger</a></em>, the anthropologist Mary Douglas argued that our underlying belief systems, or ideologies, unconsciously determine what we believe is dangerous. We fear what we hate, and vice versa. In the late 1960s, environmentalists influenced by the misanthropic 19th century economist, Thomas Malthus,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/06/11/if-nuclear-power-is-so-safe-why-are-we-so-afraid-of-it/#2ddb0c546385" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">feared that the cheap&nbsp;</a>energy provided by nuclear plants would result in overpopulation and overconsumption. These fears were intertwined and inseparable from fears of the bomb. Anti-nuclear groups began a concerted&nbsp;<a href="http://environmentalprogress.org/the-war-on-nuclear/" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">fear-mongering campaign</a>, which aroused latent fears of radiation and nuclear weapons within the population, and tied them to an ideological vision of a non-nuclear world.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The success of anti-nuclear campaigning was greatly aided by a generational shift in attitudes toward danger in general. The so-called Greatest Generation, which had lived through the horrors of World War II, viewed nuclear weapons as a necessary deterrent to preventing future world wars, and nuclear energy as a great improvement over fossil fuels. Their children, Baby Boomers, were by contrast raised in great security and prosperity. Relatively coddled, they were thus less vaccinated against danger than their parents had been. They were receptive to the childlike view of nuclear energy as an unmitigated danger and renewable energy as a way to re-harmonize human societies with a more natural order.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Over time, progressive parents came to adopt a Rousseauian view of children as pure, innocent, and vulnerable, and thus requiring constant coddling and over-protection. Childhood and nature became intertwined realms of fragility and purity. These parents distributed participation trophies, refused to make their children do chores, and supported efforts to make college campuses “safe spaces.”</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1.73;" libre="Libre" baskerville="Baskerville" georgia="Georgia" serif="serif" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The good news is that a backlash to such simple-minded and childlike views of danger, including those inevitably faced by children, is underway. Progressive parents are seeking to raise “<a href="http://www.freerangekids.com/" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; border-top-style: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-color: initial; border-image: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; outline: none;">free range kids</a>” capable of exploring their neighborhoods and cities without their parents helicoptering around them. Professors are leading the charge against trigger warnings and safe spaces. Environmentalists and peace activists are reconsidering the value of nuclear power. Nobody is suggesting that every manifestation of danger is to be embraced. But, there are good reasons to believe that, over time&nbsp;— perhaps a generation — we can train ourselves to look for the saving power in danger.</font></p><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.eurasiareview.com/24052017-let-north-korea-have-peaceful-nuclear-power-oped/">https://www.eurasiareview.com/24052017-let-north-korea-have-peaceful-nuclear-power-oped/</a></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">self ref</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style=""><div class="above-entry-meta" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="cat-links" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="">&nbsp;<a href="https://www.eurasiareview.com/category/opinion/" rel="category tag" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 3px 10px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none; border-radius: 3px;">Opinion</a>&nbsp;</font></span></div><header class="entry-header" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box;"><h1 class="entry-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.2; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 5px 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="">Let North Korea Have Peaceful Nuclear Power – OpEd</font></h1><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div></header><div class="below-entry-meta" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><span class="posted-on" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><a href="https://www.eurasiareview.com/24052017-let-north-korea-have-peaceful-nuclear-power-oped/" title="6:32 am" rel="bookmark" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none;"><span class="fa fa-calendar-o" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1; display: inline-block; text-rendering: auto; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; padding-right: 3px;" />&nbsp;<time class="entry-date published" datetime="2017-05-24T06:32:08+00:00" style="box-sizing: border-box;">May 24, 2017</time></a></span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&nbsp;</span><span class="byline" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="author vcard" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="fa fa-user" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1; display: inline-block; text-rendering: auto; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; padding-right: 5px;" />&nbsp;<a class="url fn n" href="https://www.eurasiareview.com/author/admin/" title="Richard Rhodes and Michael Shellenberger" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none;">Richard Rhodes and Michael Shellenberger&nbsp;</a></span></span><span class="comments" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://www.eurasiareview.com/24052017-let-north-korea-have-peaceful-nuclear-power-oped/#respond" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none;"><span class="fa fa-comment" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1; display: inline-block; text-rendering: auto; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; padding-right: 5px;" />&nbsp;0 Comments</a></span></font></div><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">By&nbsp;<a href="https://www.eurasiareview.com/author/admin/" title="Posts by Richard Rhodes and Michael Shellenberger" class="author url fn" rel="author" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none;">Richard Rhodes and Michael Shellenberger</a></font></p><div class="entry-content clearfix" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 5px 15px 5px 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; float: left;" /><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.6; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Earlier this month,&nbsp;<a href="https://click.everyaction.com/h/188038/1642885?nvep=ew0KICAiVGVuYW50VXJpIjogIm5ncHZhbjovL3Zhbi9FQS9FQTAwMS8xLzU2NzU3IiwNCiAgIkRpc3RyaWJ1dGlvbklkIjogbnVsbCwNCiAgIkRpc3RyaWJ1dGlvblVuaXF1ZUlkIjogImY3NDE4NjU1LWQwM2YtZTcxMS04MGMyLTAwMGQzYTEwNGIwOCIsDQogICJFbWFpbE1lc3NhZ2VJZCI6ICI3NTJkZDRkNi1jNTNmLWU3MTEtODBjMi0wMDBkM2ExMDRiMDgiLA0KICAiRW1haWxNZXNzYWdlQ29udGVudElkIjogIjc2MmRkNGQ2LWM1M2YtZTcxMS04MGMyLTAwMGQzYTEwNGIwOCIsDQogICJFbWFpbEFkZHJlc3MiOiAiaW5mb0BldXJhc2lhcmV2aWV3LmNvbSIsDQogICJEaXN0cmlidXRpb25UcmFja2FibGVJdGVtSWQiOiAwDQp9&hmac=ClmA5OVPbtkKgJXZm5XS2Kpmk491Mm34n3S2zVPdEss=" target="blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none;">U.S. President Donald Trump</a>&nbsp;said that “under the right circumstances,” he would meet with North Korean President Kim Jong Un, who continues to increase&nbsp;<a href="https://click.everyaction.com/h/188039/1642886?nvep=ew0KICAiVGVuYW50VXJpIjogIm5ncHZhbjovL3Zhbi9FQS9FQTAwMS8xLzU2NzU3IiwNCiAgIkRpc3RyaWJ1dGlvbklkIjogbnVsbCwNCiAgIkRpc3RyaWJ1dGlvblVuaXF1ZUlkIjogImY3NDE4NjU1LWQwM2YtZTcxMS04MGMyLTAwMGQzYTEwNGIwOCIsDQogICJFbWFpbE1lc3NhZ2VJZCI6ICI3NTJkZDRkNi1jNTNmLWU3MTEtODBjMi0wMDBkM2ExMDRiMDgiLA0KICAiRW1haWxNZXNzYWdlQ29udGVudElkIjogIjc2MmRkNGQ2LWM1M2YtZTcxMS04MGMyLTAwMGQzYTEwNGIwOCIsDQogICJFbWFpbEFkZHJlc3MiOiAiaW5mb0BldXJhc2lhcmV2aWV3LmNvbSIsDQogICJEaXN0cmlidXRpb25UcmFja2FibGVJdGVtSWQiOiAwDQp9&hmac=ClmA5OVPbtkKgJXZm5XS2Kpmk491Mm34n3S2zVPdEss=" target="blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none;">his nation’s nuclear arsenal</a>. With the recent election in South Korea of&nbsp;<a href="https://click.everyaction.com/h/188040/1642887?nvep=ew0KICAiVGVuYW50VXJpIjogIm5ncHZhbjovL3Zhbi9FQS9FQTAwMS8xLzU2NzU3IiwNCiAgIkRpc3RyaWJ1dGlvbklkIjogbnVsbCwNCiAgIkRpc3RyaWJ1dGlvblVuaXF1ZUlkIjogImY3NDE4NjU1LWQwM2YtZTcxMS04MGMyLTAwMGQzYTEwNGIwOCIsDQogICJFbWFpbE1lc3NhZ2VJZCI6ICI3NTJkZDRkNi1jNTNmLWU3MTEtODBjMi0wMDBkM2ExMDRiMDgiLA0KICAiRW1haWxNZXNzYWdlQ29udGVudElkIjogIjc2MmRkNGQ2LWM1M2YtZTcxMS04MGMyLTAwMGQzYTEwNGIwOCIsDQogICJFbWFpbEFkZHJlc3MiOiAiaW5mb0BldXJhc2lhcmV2aWV3LmNvbSIsDQogICJEaXN0cmlidXRpb25UcmFja2FibGVJdGVtSWQiOiAwDQp9&hmac=ClmA5OVPbtkKgJXZm5XS2Kpmk491Mm34n3S2zVPdEss=" target="blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none;">President Moon Jae-in</a>, who campaigned for renewed negotiations between the two Koreas, the circumstances might indeed be just right.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.6; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Kim Jong Un has repeatedly stated that he wants the same thing North Korea’s previous leaders—his father, Kim Jong Il, and grandfather Kim Il Sung—wanted: first, assurance that North Korea won’t be invaded again, and second,</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> electricity for economic development to replace the hydropower capacity the United States destroyed with massive strategic bombing in the&nbsp;<a href="https://click.everyaction.com/h/188041/1642888?nvep=ew0KICAiVGVuYW50VXJpIjogIm5ncHZhbjovL3Zhbi9FQS9FQTAwMS8xLzU2NzU3IiwNCiAgIkRpc3RyaWJ1dGlvbklkIjogbnVsbCwNCiAgIkRpc3RyaWJ1dGlvblVuaXF1ZUlkIjogImY3NDE4NjU1LWQwM2YtZTcxMS04MGMyLTAwMGQzYTEwNGIwOCIsDQogICJFbWFpbE1lc3NhZ2VJZCI6ICI3NTJkZDRkNi1jNTNmLWU3MTEtODBjMi0wMDBkM2ExMDRiMDgiLA0KICAiRW1haWxNZXNzYWdlQ29udGVudElkIjogIjc2MmRkNGQ2LWM1M2YtZTcxMS04MGMyLTAwMGQzYTEwNGIwOCIsDQogICJFbWFpbEFkZHJlc3MiOiAiaW5mb0BldXJhc2lhcmV2aWV3LmNvbSIsDQogICJEaXN0cmlidXRpb25UcmFja2FibGVJdGVtSWQiOiAwDQp9&hmac=ClmA5OVPbtkKgJXZm5XS2Kpmk491Mm34n3S2zVPdEss=" target="blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none;">first years of the Korean War</a>, which was fought from 1950 to 1953. These were the two demands North Korea made, and the Clinton administration agreed to, in 1994, when North Korea pledged to stop producing plutonium in exchange for nuclear power plants.</span></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.6; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><span style="font-weight: inherit;">North Korea’s president is fully aware that attacking the United States would be tantamount to suicide. In 2000, as President Kim Jong Il told a South Korean newspaper publisher, “[Our] missiles cannot reach the United States, and if I launched them the U.S. would fire a thousand missiles back and we would not survive. I know that very well. But I have to let them know I have missiles. </span><b>I am making them because only then will the United States talk to me.” Shortly thereafter, during a visit to North Korea by Secretary of State Madeleine Albright, he agreed to a moratorium on missile construction.</b></font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.6; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: inherit;">The 1994 energy-for-weapons agreement worked until the 9/11 terrorist attacks, after which U.S. President George W. Bush claimed that North Korea was part of a so-called</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><b style=""> axis of evil</b><span style="font-weight: inherit;"> with Iraq and Iran. Two years later, the United States invaded Iraq. North Korean leaders quite rationally concluded that Iraq’s mistake was not its pursuit of a weapon but rather its failure to build one. They conducted their first nuclear weapons test three years later, in 2006.</span></span></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.6; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><span style="font-weight: inherit;">The Obama administration largely continued the Bush administration’s hardline approach to North Korea, to even worse results. Not only is North Korea closer than ever to producing an intercontinental ballistic missile that can reach the United States—</span><b>its people remain mired in poverty thanks in part to a lack of abundant or reliable electricity. </b><span style="font-weight: inherit;">Satellite images show a brightly lit South Korea—one-third of whose power comes from nuclear power plants—casting a glare over an almost entirely dark North Korea.</span></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.6; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Washington’s&nbsp;<a href="https://click.everyaction.com/h/188042/1642889?nvep=ew0KICAiVGVuYW50VXJpIjogIm5ncHZhbjovL3Zhbi9FQS9FQTAwMS8xLzU2NzU3IiwNCiAgIkRpc3RyaWJ1dGlvbklkIjogbnVsbCwNCiAgIkRpc3RyaWJ1dGlvblVuaXF1ZUlkIjogImY3NDE4NjU1LWQwM2YtZTcxMS04MGMyLTAwMGQzYTEwNGIwOCIsDQogICJFbWFpbE1lc3NhZ2VJZCI6ICI3NTJkZDRkNi1jNTNmLWU3MTEtODBjMi0wMDBkM2ExMDRiMDgiLA0KICAiRW1haWxNZXNzYWdlQ29udGVudElkIjogIjc2MmRkNGQ2LWM1M2YtZTcxMS04MGMyLTAwMGQzYTEwNGIwOCIsDQogICJFbWFpbEFkZHJlc3MiOiAiaW5mb0BldXJhc2lhcmV2aWV3LmNvbSIsDQogICJEaXN0cmlidXRpb25UcmFja2FibGVJdGVtSWQiOiAwDQp9&hmac=ClmA5OVPbtkKgJXZm5XS2Kpmk491Mm34n3S2zVPdEss=" target="blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none;">continued pursuit of a failed strategy</a>&nbsp;is evidence that it, not Pyongyang, is the irrational actor. Threatening North Korea with military action, as Trump has done, only deepens its leaders’ conviction that they need a sizable nuclear deterrent to protect themselves. By contrast, promising not to attack—and helping North Korea gain access to nuclear energy in exchange for limiting its nuclear arsenal and missile development—gives it reason to stop threatening its neighbors and creates a powerful economic incentive for it to cease exporting missiles and other military contraband.</font></p><div class="nrdtSnVw" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 5px 20px 5px 5px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; float: left;" /></div><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.6; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Constructive engagement is critical for achieving peace on the Korean peninsula and, eventually,&nbsp;<a href="https://click.everyaction.com/h/188043/1642890?nvep=ew0KICAiVGVuYW50VXJpIjogIm5ncHZhbjovL3Zhbi9FQS9FQTAwMS8xLzU2NzU3IiwNCiAgIkRpc3RyaWJ1dGlvbklkIjogbnVsbCwNCiAgIkRpc3RyaWJ1dGlvblVuaXF1ZUlkIjogImY3NDE4NjU1LWQwM2YtZTcxMS04MGMyLTAwMGQzYTEwNGIwOCIsDQogICJFbWFpbE1lc3NhZ2VJZCI6ICI3NTJkZDRkNi1jNTNmLWU3MTEtODBjMi0wMDBkM2ExMDRiMDgiLA0KICAiRW1haWxNZXNzYWdlQ29udGVudElkIjogIjc2MmRkNGQ2LWM1M2YtZTcxMS04MGMyLTAwMGQzYTEwNGIwOCIsDQogICJFbWFpbEFkZHJlc3MiOiAiaW5mb0BldXJhc2lhcmV2aWV3LmNvbSIsDQogICJEaXN0cmlidXRpb25UcmFja2FibGVJdGVtSWQiOiAwDQp9&hmac=ClmA5OVPbtkKgJXZm5XS2Kpmk491Mm34n3S2zVPdEss=" target="blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none;">freedom for the North Korean people</a>. The failure of the United States to impose democracy in Afghanistan and Iraq stands in marked contrast with the gradual, multi-decade transition from dictatorships to democracy by many other nations around the world, from Europe to Latin America to much of Asia.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.6; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Indeed, there is no mystery to how peaceful and gradual regime change occurs. Rising prosperity increases popular demands for freedom and inspires the children and grandchildren of hereditary dynasties to loosen their grip on power. South Korea is no exception. Even though it regularly held elections, that U.S. ally was effectively a military dictatorship until 1987, when a national referendum approved a new constitution that allowed direct elections, including that of the president. Between 1980 and 1990, per-capita income nearly quadrupled, from $1,778 to $6,642.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.6; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Conservative hawks who seek a military solution to the Korean problem are not the only ones at fault. Liberal doves who oppose nuclear power are equally to blame. Since the Carter administration, Democrats have sought to restrict access to nuclear energy by poor nations and to punish nations such as India and Pakistan that acquired a weapon after the nuclear nonproliferation treaty (NPT) was ratified, blocking their efforts to scale up nuclear energy production. Democrats have long sought to prevent nations—even those that have already become nuclear-weapons states—from reprocessing spent nuclear fuel because they fear the separated plutonium might be used for weapons, even though the NPT explicitly gives its signatories the right to do so and reactor-grade plutonium is unreliable for weapons use.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.6; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">As an outsider, Trump has the opportunity to break from both extremes and finally realize the “Atoms for Peace” vision that U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower outlined at the United Nations in 1953, five months after the end of the Korean War. Eisenhower, a former general deeply committed to alleviating the conditions that lead to military conflict, called for nuclear power development to supply “abundant electrical energy in the power-starved areas of the world.” Working through the United Nations’ International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the United States provided nations with research reactors and the training to use them, while maintaining oversight of weapons-grade materials.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.6; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-weight: inherit;">Given </span><b>Trump’</b><span style="font-weight: inherit;">s&nbsp;</span></span><a href="https://click.everyaction.com/h/188044/1642891?nvep=ew0KICAiVGVuYW50VXJpIjogIm5ncHZhbjovL3Zhbi9FQS9FQTAwMS8xLzU2NzU3IiwNCiAgIkRpc3RyaWJ1dGlvbklkIjogbnVsbCwNCiAgIkRpc3RyaWJ1dGlvblVuaXF1ZUlkIjogImY3NDE4NjU1LWQwM2YtZTcxMS04MGMyLTAwMGQzYTEwNGIwOCIsDQogICJFbWFpbE1lc3NhZ2VJZCI6ICI3NTJkZDRkNi1jNTNmLWU3MTEtODBjMi0wMDBkM2ExMDRiMDgiLA0KICAiRW1haWxNZXNzYWdlQ29udGVudElkIjogIjc2MmRkNGQ2LWM1M2YtZTcxMS04MGMyLTAwMGQzYTEwNGIwOCIsDQogICJFbWFpbEFkZHJlc3MiOiAiaW5mb0BldXJhc2lhcmV2aWV3LmNvbSIsDQogICJEaXN0cmlidXRpb25UcmFja2FibGVJdGVtSWQiOiAwDQp9&hmac=ClmA5OVPbtkKgJXZm5XS2Kpmk491Mm34n3S2zVPdEss=" target="blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="font-weight: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none;">bellicose rhetoric toward North Korea</a><span style="font-weight: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">, his moving to open negotiations with the Hermit Kingdom may seem unlikely. Yet he has frequently criticized the U.S. invasion of Iraq as well as the Obama administration’s handling of North Korea, and he is a </span><span style="font-weight: inherit; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">professed supporter of nuclear energy. That industry, despite having significant export potential, is currently struggling for survival in the United States against heavily subsidized renewables and cheap natural gas.</span></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.6; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In seeking an atoms-for-peace deal with North Korea, Trump can build on humankind’s successes in reducing the threat of nuclear conflict. Thanks in large measure to an agreement negotiated by another Republican president, Ronald Reagan, the United States and Russia have reduced their total number of operational nuclear warheads from 30,000 in the late 1960s to 1,500 today.[trump has abandoned nuke treaties, korea is expanding its capability] The CIA estimates that more than 30 nations have the technical capacity to develop nuclear weapons. Only nine have chosen to do so. In short, for more than 70 years, nations have successfully avoided the use of atoms for war. What’s missing now is the expansion of atoms for peace—on the Korean peninsula and beyond</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.6; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">*About the authors:<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Richard Rhodes&nbsp;</span>is the author of the Pulitzer Prize-winning history&nbsp;<em style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The Making of the Atomic Bomb</em>.&nbsp;<span style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Michael Shellenberger</span>&nbsp;is president of Environmental Progress, a research and policy organization.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 1.6; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Source:</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />This article was published at&nbsp;<a href="https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/north-korea/2017-05-23/atoms-pyongyang?cid=int-lea&pgtype=hpg" target="blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-decoration-line: none;">Foreign Affairs</a>, and is reprinted with permission.</font></p></div></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">related somehow on q</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://quillette.com/2017/02/17/the-deal-trump-should-strike-with-putin/"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">https://quillette.com/2017/02/17/the-deal-trump-should-strike-with-putin/</font></a></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">matt ridley 2014 what ideas to retire</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">6/16</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-scientists-debate-best-path-forward-for-clean-energy/" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;"><font color="#000000" size="4" face="Times New Roman">https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-scientists-debate-best-path-forward-for-clean-energy/</font></a></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="margin: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In a rented 15-passenger van barreling south on Interstate 55 out of Chicago in April, a group of environmental activists, a legendary scientist and a camera crew embarked on a quixotic rescue effort.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Their goal: saving Illinois nukes.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>“We shouldn’t be taking them off the table, in my opinion,” said James Hansen, a former scientist at NASA famous for raising the alarm about climate change before Congress in 1988, speaking from the van. “It’s our biggest source of carbon-free energy at this time.”</b></font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Hansen and the bandwagon headed for Clinton, 160 miles southwest of Chicago, to meet employees at the Clinton Power Station, a sky blue and gray 1-gigawatt nuclear power plant.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The 29-year-old boiling water reactor’s future is grim as the Illinois Legislature missed the deadline yesterday to pass new energy rules and&nbsp;<b>rates that would extend Clinton a lifeline.</b></font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Exelon Corp., the plant’s operator, punted last October on a decision to close the plant, but previously said if it didn’t get to raise electric rates for customers by May 31, it would shut down the money-losing facility by 2017.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“We’ll have more to say about the path forward within the next few days,” said Exelon spokesman Paul Adams in an email.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Pro-nuclear activists want lawmakers to treat the Clinton plant and other fission reactors as some of the most powerful weapons in the fight against global warming, a rationale that would give them a new lease on life.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">“The rules of the game are so rigged against nuclear in Illinois,” said Michael<b>&nbsp;Shellenberger,</b>&nbsp;a nuclear energy supporter and founder of Environmental Progress who rode with Hansen.<b>&nbsp;He pointed out that nuclear energy is excluded from the state’s renewable portfolio standards</b>&nbsp;and that wind energy is subsidized at more than double the rate Exelon was seeking.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">However, the push to extend lifelines to nuclear power has collided with the goals of other environmental activists who have spent decades railing against reactors as expensive and unsafe, creating cracks in the coalition that helped bring nations to an international agreement to fight climate change.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Nuclear energy supporters, renewable power purists and all flavors of environmental activists in between gathered in Paris last December and applauded as world leaders inked a global agreement to combat climate change, the fruit of 20 years of fraught negotiation. But getting nations to acknowledge that the climate is changing, that the leading cause is human activity and that everyone is obligated to act is only the first step.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The harder part is figuring out a path forward. Nations have agreed to targets, but the road to achieving them remains uncharted. And some of the scientists, engineers, activists and policymakers that converged to assemble the Paris Agreement want to move in opposite directions.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Is the objective to take emissions to zero or to keep warming in check? Should nations run with the clean technologies now in existence or invest in finding better solutions? Can geoengineering play a role? Is the enemy short-term air pollution or long-term carbon emissions? Does everyone shoulder an equal burden, or should rich nations go first and further?</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The push to peak global emissions and keep warming below 2 degrees Celsius has opened rifts over whether the world should embrace stepping stones like nuclear and natural gas power or go full tilt toward a 100 percent zero-carbon renewable energy economy. The debate is especially fractious among climate scientists, who ostensibly agree on the scale and urgency of climate change (<a href="https://www.eenews.net/climatewire/stories/1060029818/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; box-sizing: inherit; border-bottom: 1px dotted rgb(101, 101, 101); outline: none !important;"><em style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;">ClimateWire</em></a>, Dec. 21, 2015).</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Billions of dollars in public and private capital for energy investment are up for grabs as developed countries like the United States and emerging economies like India get down to brass tacks on how they will hit their greenhouse gas emissions pledges and move their energy systems away from fossil fuels.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">And without a firm hand on the rudder steering the world’s energy, both nuclear and renewable advocates warn that the planet may miss its climate change targets.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><b>“Now, the question has shifted from whether global warming is happening to what to do about it,” said Naomi Oreskes, a science historian at Harvard University, in an email. “For that we need to look to a different set of experts.”</b></font></p><h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 30px 0px 5px; padding: 0px 0px 12px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; line-height: 1.22222; letter-spacing: 0.15em; text-transform: uppercase; position: relative; text-align: center;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">A SCIENTIFIC DEBATE OR AN IDEOLOGICAL ONE?</font></h2><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Among climate scientists, however, both the nuclear energy proponents and the renewable energy <b>purists claim authority.</b></font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">“I’m a physicist, and I’m looking at energy data,” Hansen said. “I have as high a level of expertise as anyone I know.”</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Broadly, Hansen said the world should impose a stiff carbon fee while remaining agnostic about the technology solutions. Part of this strategy includes saving aging nuclear plants from shutting down and may lead to building new ones.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>On the other side, atmospheric scientists like Mark Jacobson at Stanford University say that wind, water and solar are all that’s needed to power the modern world.</b><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">&nbsp;The avoided health and environmental damages offset the costs of building up this grid, and nuclear energy is an expensive, time-consuming distraction from this effort. The only thing lacking, he argues, is political will.</span></font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">“He’s a great climate scientist, and he’s real passionate about solving the problem. I completely admire him for that,” Jacobson said about Hansen. However, he said that Hansen and many scientists who have joined him haven’t published any peer-reviewed research on comparing energy sources, while Jacobson has published dozens.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“Most of the people who do talk about it, they’re not actually doing an evaluation of the science,” Jacobson said. “They’ve examined the problem, but they’ve never examined the solutions.”</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Though researchers on either side of the debate remain largely cordial, the divide has become a flash point in public debates and even in otherwise stolid scientific meetings, leading to testy exchanges and heated arguments over whose approach is most rational.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">At a tense debate in February at UCLA where Jacobson argued over the merits of supporting nuclear versus ramping up renewables, sharing the stage with nuclear supporters like Environmental Progress’ Shellenberger and fellow Stanford climate scientist Ken Caldeira, the question-and-answer&nbsp;<a href="https://youtu.be/tFOBJ8z4IN8?t=1h23m40s" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; box-sizing: inherit; border-bottom: 1px dotted rgb(101, 101, 101); outline: none !important;">session</a>&nbsp;with the audience devolved into a shouting match.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Some scientists suggest that these differences arise from ideology rather than scientific disagreements.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“In my mind, the word ‘renewable’ is more of a tribal identifier than a technical basis for energy,” said Caldeira, adding that researchers shouldn’t inveigh on energy engineering issues in general.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“I don’t think climate scientists should be pretending they’re in some kind of privileged position to know what kind of technology could meet economic and environmental power restraints,” he said.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Michael Mann, a climatologist at Pennsylvania State University, suggested that some of the strident opposition to 100 percent renewable energy stems from fears over losing public credibility:[:]<span style="font-family: " times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">“I’ve encountered folks who have an irrational dislike of renewable energy. Perhaps they associate it with granola-chewing socialists,” he wrote in an email. “Who knows—but it really colors the way that they look at this issue, and leads to an irrational dismissiveness about prospects for meeting much or all of our projected future energy demand through renewable energy.”</span></font></p><h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 30px 0px 5px; padding: 0px 0px 12px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; line-height: 1.22222; letter-spacing: 0.15em; text-transform: uppercase; position: relative; text-align: center;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">THE ‘OLD GEEZERS’ ARE PASSING THE TORCH</font></h2><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The divide among scientists has a corresponding fissure among activists.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">“To me Jacobson’s work seems rigorous and detailed, and more to the point countries like Denmark are now showing it’s entirely possible. The technology is there; we need the political will to match,” said environmental activist Bill McKibben, founder of 350.org, in an email. “I’m convinced by the careful work of Mark Jacobson and others that this is possible.</span>”</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><b>Others argue that the 100 percent renewable energy vision is a luxury afforded by wealth,</b></font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><b>“In rich countries, people turn against nuclear,” said Shellenberger. “A lot of it is [not in my back yard]-ism.</b> A lot of it is M<b>althusianism.”</b></font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><b>“Malthusianism” is often shorthand for population control, building on the ideas of 18th-century scholar Thomas Robert Malthus who projected that without checks, the number of people on Earth would grow faster than the resources available to sustain them.</b></font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><b>“In order to maintain the fiction of energy shortages, you have to take nuclear off the table,” Shellenberger said.</b></font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><b>Other countries that are counting on kilowatt-hours to cut infant mortality aren’t so picky, nuclear advocates note,</b>&nbsp;[who makes and can prove the claim that cheap power is silver bullet for IMR down?] and it would behoove wealthier parts of the world to help them gain access to energy, even if it’s not the cleanest available.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The concern now is which vision will be codified in policy. In March, Democrats introduced a bicameral resolution that would set a target of 50 percent clean energy in the United States by 2030, not mentioning whether or not&nbsp;<b>nuclear&nbsp;</b>would fit on the “clean” side of the portfolio (<a href="https://www.eenews.net/eenewspm/stories/1060033425/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; box-sizing: inherit; border-bottom: 1px dotted rgb(101, 101, 101); outline: none !important;"><em style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;">E&ENews PM</em></a>, March 3).</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">“What the climate science tells us is that we have to leave most of the remaining fossil fuels in the ground,” Hansen said. “Unfortunately, our governments have become so dominated by money that both parties are heavily dependent on contributions from industry, including especially the fossil fuel industry.”</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Ultimately, most of the people who will have to live with the worst consequences of climate change are not old enough to vote, and Hansen argues that they should be the ones that make the final decisions about their energy sources.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“It shouldn’t be the old geezers who are running the system now,” he said.</font></p><p style="margin: 30px 0px 0px; box-sizing: inherit; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; border: 0px; background: transparent; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Reprinted from Climatewire with permission from Environment & Energy Publishing, LLC.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.eenews.net/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; box-sizing: inherit; border-bottom: 1px dotted rgb(101, 101, 101); outline: none !important;">www.eenews.net</a>, 202-628-6500</font></span></p></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px;"><div data-hveid="CAIQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFSgAMAB6BAgCEAA" style=""><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.54;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://www.wiseinternational.org/nuclear-monitor/853/exposing-misinformation-michael-shellenberger-and-environmental-progress" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.wiseinternational.org/nuclear-monitor/853/exposing-misinformation-michael-shellenberger-and-environmental-progress&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAAegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /></font><h3 class="LC20lb" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.33;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://www.wiseinternational.org/nuclear-monitor/853/exposing-misinformation-michael-shellenberger-and-environmental-progress" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.wiseinternational.org/nuclear-monitor/853/exposing-misinformation-michael-shellenberger-and-environmental-progress&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAAegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.wiseinternational.org/nuclear-monitor/853/exposing-misinformation-michael-shellenberger-and-environmental-progress" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.wiseinternational.org/nuclear-monitor/853/exposing-misinformation-michael-shellenberger-and-environmental-progress&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAAegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.wiseinternational.org/nuclear-monitor/853/exposing-misinformation-michael-shellenberger-and-environmental-progress" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.wiseinternational.org/nuclear-monitor/853/exposing-misinformation-michael-shellenberger-and-environmental-progress&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAAegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.wiseinternational.org/nuclear-monitor/853/exposing-misinformation-michael-shellenberger-and-environmental-progress" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.wiseinternational.org/nuclear-monitor/853/exposing-misinformation-michael-shellenberger-and-environmental-progress&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAAegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.wiseinternational.org/nuclear-monitor/853/exposing-misinformation-michael-shellenberger-and-environmental-progress" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.wiseinternational.org/nuclear-monitor/853/exposing-misinformation-michael-shellenberger-and-environmental-progress&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAAegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.wiseinternational.org/nuclear-monitor/853/exposing-misinformation-michael-shellenberger-and-environmental-progress" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.wiseinternational.org/nuclear-monitor/853/exposing-misinformation-michael-shellenberger-and-environmental-progress&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAAegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Exposing the misinformation of Michael Shellenberger and ...</a></font></h3>
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cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4" /></a><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:Ymxt16UzFnQJ:https://www.wiseinternational.org/nuclear-monitor/853/exposing-misinformation-michael-shellenberger-and-environmental-progress+&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:Ymxt16UzFnQJ:https://www.wiseinternational.org/nuclear-monitor/853/exposing-misinformation-michael-shellenberger-and-environmental-progress%2B%26cd%3D1%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQIDAAegQIAhAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.54; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="f" style="line-height: 1.54;">Oct 30, 2017 -&nbsp;</span>Michael&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Shellenberger's</span>&nbsp;pro-nuclear lobby group 'Environmental ..... history of&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Malthusian</span>anti-humanism aimed at preventing "overpopulation"&nbsp;...</font></span></a></font></font></font></div><div data-base-uri="/search" id="ed_1" data-ved="2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQ2Z0BMAB6BAgCEAY" style=""><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px;"><div data-hveid="CAQQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFSgAMAF6BAgEEAA"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.54;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://quillette.com/2019/05/24/why-we-should-embrace-our-nuclear-era/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://quillette.com/2019/05/24/why-we-should-embrace-our-nuclear-era/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjABegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /></font></font></font></font><h3 class="LC20lb" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.33;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://quillette.com/2019/05/24/why-we-should-embrace-our-nuclear-era/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://quillette.com/2019/05/24/why-we-should-embrace-our-nuclear-era/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjABegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer; 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text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://quillette.com/2019/05/24/why-we-should-embrace-our-nuclear-era/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://quillette.com/2019/05/24/why-we-should-embrace-our-nuclear-era/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjABegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://quillette.com/2019/05/24/why-we-should-embrace-our-nuclear-era/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://quillette.com/2019/05/24/why-we-should-embrace-our-nuclear-era/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjABegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://quillette.com/2019/05/24/why-we-should-embrace-our-nuclear-era/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://quillette.com/2019/05/24/why-we-should-embrace-our-nuclear-era/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjABegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://quillette.com/2019/05/24/why-we-should-embrace-our-nuclear-era/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://quillette.com/2019/05/24/why-we-should-embrace-our-nuclear-era/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjABegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Why We Should Embrace Our Age of Nuclear - Quillette</a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></h3><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
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Michael&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Shellenberger</span>&nbsp;is a Time Magazine “Hero of the&nbsp;...</font></span></a></font></font></font></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px;"><div data-hveid="CAUQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFSgAMAJ6BAgFEAA"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.54;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://quillette.com/2019/02/27/why-renewables-cant-save-the-planet/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://quillette.com/2019/02/27/why-renewables-cant-save-the-planet/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjACegQIBRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /></font></font></font></font><h3 class="LC20lb" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.33;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://quillette.com/2019/02/27/why-renewables-cant-save-the-planet/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://quillette.com/2019/02/27/why-renewables-cant-save-the-planet/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjACegQIBRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4" /></font></a><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://quillette.com/2019/02/27/why-renewables-cant-save-the-planet/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://quillette.com/2019/02/27/why-renewables-cant-save-the-planet/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjACegQIBRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4" /></a><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://quillette.com/2019/02/27/why-renewables-cant-save-the-planet/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://quillette.com/2019/02/27/why-renewables-cant-save-the-planet/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjACegQIBRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://quillette.com/2019/02/27/why-renewables-cant-save-the-planet/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://quillette.com/2019/02/27/why-renewables-cant-save-the-planet/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjACegQIBRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://quillette.com/2019/02/27/why-renewables-cant-save-the-planet/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://quillette.com/2019/02/27/why-renewables-cant-save-the-planet/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjACegQIBRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://quillette.com/2019/02/27/why-renewables-cant-save-the-planet/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://quillette.com/2019/02/27/why-renewables-cant-save-the-planet/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjACegQIBRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://quillette.com/2019/02/27/why-renewables-cant-save-the-planet/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://quillette.com/2019/02/27/why-renewables-cant-save-the-planet/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjACegQIBRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Why Renewables Can't Save the Planet - Quillette</a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></h3><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
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Not sure that leads to the&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Malthusian</span>&nbsp;scenario so many since him have long&nbsp;...</font></span></a></font></font></font></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px;"><div data-hveid="CAAQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFSgAMAN6BAgAEAA" style=""><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.54;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/06/11/if-nuclear-power-is-so-safe-why-are-we-so-afraid-of-it/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/06/11/if-nuclear-power-is-so-safe-why-are-we-so-afraid-of-it/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjADegQIABAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /></font></font></font></font><h3 class="LC20lb" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.33;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/06/11/if-nuclear-power-is-so-safe-why-are-we-so-afraid-of-it/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/06/11/if-nuclear-power-is-so-safe-why-are-we-so-afraid-of-it/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjADegQIABAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4" /></font></a><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/06/11/if-nuclear-power-is-so-safe-why-are-we-so-afraid-of-it/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/06/11/if-nuclear-power-is-so-safe-why-are-we-so-afraid-of-it/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjADegQIABAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4" /></a><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/06/11/if-nuclear-power-is-so-safe-why-are-we-so-afraid-of-it/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/06/11/if-nuclear-power-is-so-safe-why-are-we-so-afraid-of-it/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjADegQIABAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/06/11/if-nuclear-power-is-so-safe-why-are-we-so-afraid-of-it/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/06/11/if-nuclear-power-is-so-safe-why-are-we-so-afraid-of-it/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjADegQIABAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/06/11/if-nuclear-power-is-so-safe-why-are-we-so-afraid-of-it/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/06/11/if-nuclear-power-is-so-safe-why-are-we-so-afraid-of-it/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjADegQIABAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/06/11/if-nuclear-power-is-so-safe-why-are-we-so-afraid-of-it/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/06/11/if-nuclear-power-is-so-safe-why-are-we-so-afraid-of-it/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjADegQIABAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/06/11/if-nuclear-power-is-so-safe-why-are-we-so-afraid-of-it/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/06/11/if-nuclear-power-is-so-safe-why-are-we-so-afraid-of-it/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjADegQIABAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">If Nuclear Power Is So Safe, Why Are We So Afraid Of It? - Forbes</a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></h3><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font><div class="TbwUpd" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.54; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><cite class="iUh30" style="font-style: normal; padding-top: 1px; line-height: 1.43;">https://www.forbes.com/.../michaelshellenberger/.../if-nuclear-power-is-so-safe-why-ar...</cite></font></div><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 1px 3px 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="GHDvEf ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?ei=zus8Xai-HYWksAXio77wBg&q=malthusianism+shellenberger&oq=malthusianism+shellenberger&gs_l=psy-ab.3...2860.5691..6840...0.0..0.205.2181.0j13j1......0....1..gws-wiz.......0i71j0j0i30j0i22i30j33i22i29i30j33i160.8_nWeULKbkM&ved=0ahUKEwio3f2ordbjAhUFEqwKHeKRD24Q4dUDCAo&uact=5#" id="am-b3" aria-label="Result Options" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQ7B0wA3oECAAQAg" style="border-radius: 0px; 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position: absolute; right: auto; top: 12px; white-space: nowrap; z-index: 3; transition: opacity 0.218s ease 0s; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 4px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;"><ol style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><li class="action-menu-item ab_dropdownitem" role="menuitem" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; user-select: none; cursor: pointer;"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:pX-l6XC2jyEJ:https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/06/11/if-nuclear-power-is-so-safe-why-are-we-so-afraid-of-it/+&cd=4&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:pX-l6XC2jyEJ:https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/06/11/if-nuclear-power-is-so-safe-why-are-we-so-afraid-of-it/%2B%26cd%3D4%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQIDADegQIABAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; 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cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.54; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="f" style="line-height: 1.54;">Jun 11, 2018 -&nbsp;</span>Michael&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Shellenberger</span>&nbsp;Contributor. Energy .... In 1966, misanthropic conservationists within the Sierra Club had embraced&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Malthusianism</span>.</font></span></a></font></font></font></div><div data-base-uri="/search" id="ed_2" data-ved="2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQ2Z0BMAN6BAgAEAY"><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px;"><div data-hveid="CAMQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFSgAMAR6BAgDEAA"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.54;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/10/09/anti-nuclear-bias-of-u-n-ipcc-is-rooted-in-cold-war-fears-of-atomic-and-population-bombs/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/10/09/anti-nuclear-bias-of-u-n-ipcc-is-rooted-in-cold-war-fears-of-atomic-and-population-bombs/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAEegQIAxAB" style="cursor: pointer; 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text-decoration-line: none;">Anti-Nuclear Bias Of UN & IPCC Is Rooted In Cold War Fears Of ...</a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></h3><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
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cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.54; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="f" style="line-height: 1.54;">Oct 9, 2018 -&nbsp;</span>Michael&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Shellenberger</span>&nbsp;Contributor .... The reason the neo-<span style="font-weight: bold;">Malthusians</span>&nbsp;had to attack nuclear power is because it undermined their case that the&nbsp;...</font></span></a></font></font></font></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px;"><div data-hveid="CAEQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFSgAMAV6BAgBEAA"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.54;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://grist.org/climate-energy/michael-shellenberger-to-climate-activists-its-not-the-end-of-the-world/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://grist.org/climate-energy/michael-shellenberger-to-climate-activists-its-not-the-end-of-the-world/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAFegQIARAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /></font></font></font></font><h3 class="LC20lb" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.33;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://grist.org/climate-energy/michael-shellenberger-to-climate-activists-its-not-the-end-of-the-world/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://grist.org/climate-energy/michael-shellenberger-to-climate-activists-its-not-the-end-of-the-world/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAFegQIARAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4" /></font></a><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://grist.org/climate-energy/michael-shellenberger-to-climate-activists-its-not-the-end-of-the-world/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://grist.org/climate-energy/michael-shellenberger-to-climate-activists-its-not-the-end-of-the-world/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAFegQIARAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4" /></a><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://grist.org/climate-energy/michael-shellenberger-to-climate-activists-its-not-the-end-of-the-world/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://grist.org/climate-energy/michael-shellenberger-to-climate-activists-its-not-the-end-of-the-world/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAFegQIARAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://grist.org/climate-energy/michael-shellenberger-to-climate-activists-its-not-the-end-of-the-world/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://grist.org/climate-energy/michael-shellenberger-to-climate-activists-its-not-the-end-of-the-world/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAFegQIARAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://grist.org/climate-energy/michael-shellenberger-to-climate-activists-its-not-the-end-of-the-world/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://grist.org/climate-energy/michael-shellenberger-to-climate-activists-its-not-the-end-of-the-world/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAFegQIARAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://grist.org/climate-energy/michael-shellenberger-to-climate-activists-its-not-the-end-of-the-world/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://grist.org/climate-energy/michael-shellenberger-to-climate-activists-its-not-the-end-of-the-world/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAFegQIARAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://grist.org/climate-energy/michael-shellenberger-to-climate-activists-its-not-the-end-of-the-world/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://grist.org/climate-energy/michael-shellenberger-to-climate-activists-its-not-the-end-of-the-world/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAFegQIARAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Michael Shellenberger to climate activists: It's not the end of the world ...</a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></h3><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
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cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.54; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="f" style="line-height: 1.54;">Oct 23, 2012 -&nbsp;</span>Michael&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Shellenberger</span>&nbsp;and Ted Nordhaus have a real knack for ... in which he talks about planetary decisions,&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Malthusian</span>&nbsp;scientists, and the&nbsp;...</font></span></a></font></font></font></div></div></div></div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:FE3yVoQjW9MJ:https://grist.org/climate-energy/michael-shellenberger-to-climate-activists-its-not-the-end-of-the-world/+&cd=6&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:FE3yVoQjW9MJ:https://grist.org/climate-energy/michael-shellenberger-to-climate-activists-its-not-the-end-of-the-world/%2B%26cd%3D6%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQIDAFegQIARAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; 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line-height: 1.54;"><a class="fl" href="http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:VfXobe8JpCUJ:paradigmsanddemographics.blogspot.com/2018/11/shellenberger-on-anti-nuclear-movement.html+&cd=7&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:VfXobe8JpCUJ:paradigmsanddemographics.blogspot.com/2018/11/shellenberger-on-anti-nuclear-movement.html%2B%26cd%3D7%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQIDAGegQIBhAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></font></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:VfXobe8JpCUJ:paradigmsanddemographics.blogspot.com/2018/11/shellenberger-on-anti-nuclear-movement.html+&cd=7&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:VfXobe8JpCUJ:paradigmsanddemographics.blogspot.com/2018/11/shellenberger-on-anti-nuclear-movement.html%2B%26cd%3D7%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQIDAGegQIBhAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:VfXobe8JpCUJ:paradigmsanddemographics.blogspot.com/2018/11/shellenberger-on-anti-nuclear-movement.html+&cd=7&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:VfXobe8JpCUJ:paradigmsanddemographics.blogspot.com/2018/11/shellenberger-on-anti-nuclear-movement.html%2B%26cd%3D7%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQIDAGegQIBhAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.54; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="f" style="line-height: 1.54;">Nov 21, 2018 -&nbsp;</span>This synopsis of&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Shellenberger's</span>&nbsp;takedown of anti-nuclear activism is ... In the late<wbr />-1940s neo-<span style="font-weight: bold;">Malthusianism</span>&nbsp;surfaced in two best-selling books:&nbsp;...</font></span></a></font></font></font></font></font></font></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px;"><div data-hveid="CAcQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFSgAMAd6BAgHEAA"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.54;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2018/1/11/jerry-browns-secret-war-on-clean-energy" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2018/1/11/jerry-browns-secret-war-on-clean-energy&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAHegQIBxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /></font></font></font><h3 class="LC20lb" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.33;"><a href="http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2018/1/11/jerry-browns-secret-war-on-clean-energy" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2018/1/11/jerry-browns-secret-war-on-clean-energy&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAHegQIBxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2018/1/11/jerry-browns-secret-war-on-clean-energy" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2018/1/11/jerry-browns-secret-war-on-clean-energy&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAHegQIBxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2018/1/11/jerry-browns-secret-war-on-clean-energy" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2018/1/11/jerry-browns-secret-war-on-clean-energy&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAHegQIBxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4" /></a><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2018/1/11/jerry-browns-secret-war-on-clean-energy" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2018/1/11/jerry-browns-secret-war-on-clean-energy&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAHegQIBxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2018/1/11/jerry-browns-secret-war-on-clean-energy" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2018/1/11/jerry-browns-secret-war-on-clean-energy&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAHegQIBxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2018/1/11/jerry-browns-secret-war-on-clean-energy" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2018/1/11/jerry-browns-secret-war-on-clean-energy&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAHegQIBxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2018/1/11/jerry-browns-secret-war-on-clean-energy" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2018/1/11/jerry-browns-secret-war-on-clean-energy&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAHegQIBxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2018/1/11/jerry-browns-secret-war-on-clean-energy" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://environmentalprogress.org/big-news/2018/1/11/jerry-browns-secret-war-on-clean-energy&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAHegQIBxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Jerry Brown's Secret War on Clean Energy — Environmental Progress</a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></h3><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.54; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="f" style="line-height: 1.54;">Jan 11, 2018 -&nbsp;</span>By Michael&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Shellenberger</span>&nbsp;... Some, influenced by the British economist Thomas&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Malthus</span>, thought more prosperity would result in more people&nbsp;...</font></span></a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px;"><div data-hveid="CAkQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFSgAMAh6BAgJEAA"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.54;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-scientists-debate-best-path-forward-for-clean-energy/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-scientists-debate-best-path-forward-for-clean-energy/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAIegQICRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /></font></font></font><h3 class="LC20lb" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.33;"><a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-scientists-debate-best-path-forward-for-clean-energy/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-scientists-debate-best-path-forward-for-clean-energy/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAIegQICRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-scientists-debate-best-path-forward-for-clean-energy/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-scientists-debate-best-path-forward-for-clean-energy/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAIegQICRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-scientists-debate-best-path-forward-for-clean-energy/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-scientists-debate-best-path-forward-for-clean-energy/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAIegQICRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4" /></a><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-scientists-debate-best-path-forward-for-clean-energy/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-scientists-debate-best-path-forward-for-clean-energy/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAIegQICRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-scientists-debate-best-path-forward-for-clean-energy/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-scientists-debate-best-path-forward-for-clean-energy/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAIegQICRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-scientists-debate-best-path-forward-for-clean-energy/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-scientists-debate-best-path-forward-for-clean-energy/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAIegQICRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-scientists-debate-best-path-forward-for-clean-energy/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-scientists-debate-best-path-forward-for-clean-energy/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAIegQICRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-scientists-debate-best-path-forward-for-clean-energy/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-scientists-debate-best-path-forward-for-clean-energy/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAIegQICRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Climate Scientists Debate Best Path Forward for Clean Energy ...</a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></h3><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.54; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="f" style="line-height: 1.54;">Jun 1, 2016 -&nbsp;</span>“In rich countries, people turn against nuclear,” said&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Shellenberger</span>. ... “<wbr /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Malthusianism</span>” is often shorthand for population control, building on the&nbsp;...</font></span></a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 28px;"><div data-hveid="CAgQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFSgAMAl6BAgIEAA"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.54;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><a href="https://californiapolicycenter.org/water-rationing-law-exemplifies-the-malthusian-mentality-of-californias-legislators/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://californiapolicycenter.org/water-rationing-law-exemplifies-the-malthusian-mentality-of-californias-legislators/&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQFjAJegQICBAB" style="cursor: pointer; 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cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.54; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="f" style="line-height: 1.54;">Jun 12, 2018 -&nbsp;</span>Water Rationing Laws Exemplify the&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Malthusian</span>&nbsp;Mentality of California's .... One of the authors, Michael&nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold;">Shellenberger</span>&nbsp;– who just ran as a&nbsp;...</font></span></a></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></div></div></div></div></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:u9JxUlNyPr4J:https://californiapolicycenter.org/water-rationing-law-exemplifies-the-malthusian-mentality-of-californias-legislators/+&cd=10&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:u9JxUlNyPr4J:https://californiapolicycenter.org/water-rationing-law-exemplifies-the-malthusian-mentality-of-californias-legislators/%2B%26cd%3D10%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQIDAJegQICBAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">===</font></a></font></font></font></div><div style=""><font face="Times New Roman" size="4"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:u9JxUlNyPr4J:https://californiapolicycenter.org/water-rationing-law-exemplifies-the-malthusian-mentality-of-californias-legislators/+&cd=10&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:u9JxUlNyPr4J:https://californiapolicycenter.org/water-rationing-law-exemplifies-the-malthusian-mentality-of-californias-legislators/%2B%26cd%3D10%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwi_8PryrdbjAhULIqwKHWUMAjYQIDAJegQICBAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); cursor: pointer; font-size: 14px; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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