113th congress 2013-4

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</div><div>the  113th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">United States</a> federal government, from January 3, 2013, to January 3, 2015, during the fifth and sixth years of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_Barack_Obama" title="Presidency of Barack Obama" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">Barack Obama's presidency</a>. It was composed of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">United States Senate</a> and the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">United States House of Representatives</a> based on the results of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate_elections,2012" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate elections, 2012" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">2012 Senate elections</a> and the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections,2012" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House of Representatives elections, 2012" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">2012 House elections</a>. The seats in the House were <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_congressional_apportionment" title="United States congressional apportionment" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">apportioned</a> based on the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 United States Census" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">2010 United States Census</a>. It first met in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,D.C." title="Washington, D.C." style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">Washington, D.C.</a> on January 3, 2013, and it ended on January 3, 2015. Senators elected to regular terms in 2008 were in the last two years of those terms during this Congress.</div>The Senate had a Democratic majority, while the House had a Republican majority. This was the last time Democrats held control of the Senate until the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/117th_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="117th Congress" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">117th Congress</a> in 2021. As of 2021, this was also the most recent time that Senate Democrats, who had a 55-45 majority for most of the 113th Congress, held more than 50 U.S. Senate seats. As of 2021, this is the most recent Congress in which Democrats held any seats in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Alaska</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Arkansas</a>, or <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">South Dakota</a>, the last in which Democrats held Senate seats in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Iowa</a> or <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">North Carolina</a>, and the last in which Democrats held a House seat in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">West Virginia</a>.<div class="toclimit-2" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); padding: 7px; display: table;"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="margin: 0px; position: absolute; opacity: 0; z-index: -1; display: none;" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr" style="text-align: center; direction: ltr;"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading" style="margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border: 0px; line-height: 1.3; display: inline;">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox" style="cursor: pointer;" /></div><ul style="list-style: none; margin: 0.3em 0px; padding: 0px;"><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#Major_events" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">1Major events</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#Major_legislation" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2Major legislation</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#Party_summary" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">3Party summary</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#Leadership" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">4Leadership</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#Members" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">5Members</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-122" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#Changes_in_membership" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">6Changes in membership</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-125" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#Committees" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">7Committees</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-129" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#Caucuses" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">8Caucuses</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-130" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#Employees" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">9Employees</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-134" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#See_also" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">10See also</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-137" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#Notes" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">11Notes</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-138" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#References" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">12References</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-139" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#External_links" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">13External links</a></li></ul></div></div><h2 style="margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; font-family: " linux="Linux" libertine="Libertine" georgia="Georgia" times="Times" serif="serif" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb">Major events[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=113th_United_States_Congress&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Major events" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">edit</a>]</h2><div class="thumb tright" style="clear: right; float: right; width: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em;"><div class="thumbinner" style="min-width: 100px; padding: 3px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align: left; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; border: 0px;"><div class="magnify" style="float: right; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 0px;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Important_government_shutdown_notice_for_the_Stature_of_Liberty.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" magnify-clip-ltr.svg="magnify-clip-ltr.svg" e="e" display="display" block="block" text-indent="text-indent" px="px" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" overflow="overflow" hidden="hidden" width="width" height="height" user-select="user-select" none="none" /></div><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Important_government_shutdown_notice_for_the_Stature_of_Liberty.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" magnify-clip-ltr.svg="magnify-clip-ltr.svg" e="e" display="display" block="block" text-indent="text-indent" px="px" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" overflow="overflow" hidden="hidden" width="width" height="height" user-select="user-select" none="none">A </a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_federal_government_shutdown_of_2013" class="mw-redirect" title="United States federal government shutdown of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">government shutdown</a> notice posted on October 1, 2013, with the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statue_of_Liberty" title="Statue of Liberty" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Statue of Liberty</a> in the far background<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[1]</a></div></div></div><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable" style="font-style: italic; padding-left: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Main articles: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013_in_the_United_States" title="2013 in the United States" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2013 in the United States</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_in_the_United_States" title="2014 in the United States" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2014 in the United States</a>, and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_in_the_United_States" title="2015 in the United States" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2015 in the United States</a></div><ul style="list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" em="em" px="px" padding="padding" color="color" rgb="rgb" font-size="font-size" background-color="background-color"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">January 4, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_session_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Joint session of the United States Congress" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Joint session</a> to count the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral_College(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral College (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Electoral College</a> votes for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="2012 United States presidential election" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2012 presidential election</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[2]</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">January 20–21, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Barack_Obama" title="Second inauguration of Barack Obama" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Second inauguration</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">President</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Barack Obama</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-Inauguration_Day-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a> The term began January 20, but because that was a Sunday, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Congress_Joint_Committee_on_Inaugural_Ceremonies" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Congress Joint Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Joint Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies</a> scheduled the inauguration ceremony for the next day.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-Inauguration_Day-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">February 1, 2013: Senator <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mo_Cowan" title="Mo Cowan" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Mo Cowan</a> began his term after being appointed by Massachusetts Governor <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deval_Patrick" title="Deval Patrick" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Deval Patrick</a>. Serving alongside Senator <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Scott" title="Tim Scott" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Tim Scott</a> of South Carolina, this marked the first time that two African Americans served concurrently in the Senate.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">February 12, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_session_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Joint session of the United States Congress" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Joint session</a> to hear the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2013 State of the Union Address" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2013 State of the Union Address</a>.</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">March 6–7, 2013: Senator <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Rand Paul</a> led a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filibuster_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Filibuster in the United States Senate" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">filibuster</a> of the nomination of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_O.Brennan" class="mw-redirect" title="John O. Brennan" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">John O. Brennan</a> for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Director_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Director of the Central Intelligence Agency" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Director of the Central Intelligence Agency</a> with a 12-hour, 52-minute speech.</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">June 5, 2013: The first media reports of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Snowden" title="Edward Snowden" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Edward Snowden</a>'s <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_surveillance_disclosures(2013%E2%80%93present)" title="Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">surveillance disclosures</a> surfaced in the media.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-DVolz-5" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[5]</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">June 25, 2013: The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Supreme Court" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Supreme Court</a> struck down section 4(b) of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965" title="Voting Rights Act of 1965" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Voting Rights Act of 1965</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelby_County_v.Holder" title="Shelby County v. Holder" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Shelby County v. Holder</a>, ending the need for some counties and states to receive <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965#Preclearance_requirement" title="Voting Rights Act of 1965" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">"preclearance"</a> from the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Justice_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Justice Department" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Justice Department</a> before changing election laws.</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">June 26, 2013: The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Supreme Court" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Supreme Court</a> struck down section 3 of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defense_of_Marriage_Act" title="Defense of Marriage Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Defense of Marriage Act</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_v.Windsor" title="United States v. Windsor" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">United States v. Windsor</a>, forcing the federal government to acknowledge <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">same-sex marriages</a> granted under the laws of states.</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">July 16, 2013: The Senate reached a deal to allow some presidential nominations to come to a vote, avoiding the "<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_option" title="Nuclear option" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Nuclear option</a>" for filibuster reform.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-6" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[6]</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">September 24–25, 2013: Senator <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Ted Cruz</a> delivered a 21-hour, 19-minute speech, one of the longest in Senate history, in opposition to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affordable_Care_Act" title="Affordable Care Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Affordable Care Act</a>. Cruz's speech was not a filibuster, as it delayed no vote.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-7" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[7]</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">October 1–17, 2013: The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_federal_government_shutdown_of_2013" class="mw-redirect" title="United States federal government shutdown of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">United States federal government was shut down</a> as most routine operations were curtailed after Congress failed to enact legislation appropriating funds for fiscal year 2014, or a continuing resolution for the interim authorization of appropriations for fiscal year 2014.</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">October 3, 2013: The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooting_of_Miriam_Carey" class="mw-redirect" title="Shooting of Miriam Carey" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">shooting of Miriam Carey</a> occurs.</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">November 21, 2013: In a 52–48 vote, the Senate ended the use of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filibuster_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Filibuster in the United States Senate" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">filibuster</a> on all executive branch nominees, as well as on most judicial nominees. The filibuster remained in place for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Supreme Court" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Supreme Court</a> nominees and for legislation.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-Filibusterchange-8" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[8]</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">November 4, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_elections,2014" class="mw-redirect" title="United States elections, 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">United States elections, 2014</a>, including <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate_elections,2014" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate elections, 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">United States Senate elections, 2014</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections,2014" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House of Representatives elections, 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">United States House of Representatives elections, 2014</a>.</li></ul><h2 style="margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; font-family: " linux="Linux" libertine="Libertine" georgia="Georgia" times="Times" serif="serif" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb">Major legislation[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=113th_United_States_Congress&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Major legislation" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">edit</a>]</h2><h3 style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 1.6; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Enacted[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=113th_United_States_Congress&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Enacted" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">edit</a>]</h3><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable" style="font-style: italic; padding-left: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Main article: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acts_of_the_113th_United_States_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Acts of the 113th United States Congress" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Acts of the 113th United States Congress</a></div><ul style="list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" em="em" px="px" padding="padding" color="color" rgb="rgb" font-size="font-size" background-color="background-color"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">March 7, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violence_Against_Women_Reauthorization_Act_of_2013" class="mw-redirect" title="Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/4?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–4 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/4?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">March 13, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemic_and_All-Hazards_Preparedness_Reauthorization_Act_of_2013" title="Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Reauthorization Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Reauthorization Act of 2013</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/5?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–5 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/5?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">March 26, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013_United_States_federal_budget" title="2013 United States federal budget" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2013 United States federal budget</a> (as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consolidated_and_Further_Continuing_Appropriations_Act,2013" title="Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2013</a>), <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/6?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–6 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/6?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">June 3, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stolen_Valor_Act_of_2013" title="Stolen Valor Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Stolen Valor Act of 2013</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/12?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–12 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/12?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">June 3, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_to_Fish_Act" title="Freedom to Fish Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Freedom to Fish Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ13/html/PLAW-113publ13.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-13</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">June 9, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandia_Pueblo_Settlement_Technical_Amendment_Act" title="Sandia Pueblo Settlement Technical Amendment Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Sandia Pueblo Settlement Technical Amendment Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ119/html/PLAW-113publ119.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-19</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">June 13, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_Drug_and_Animal_Generic_Drug_User_Fee_Reauthorization_Act_of_2013" title="Animal Drug and Animal Generic Drug User Fee Reauthorization Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Animal Drug and Animal Generic Drug User Fee Reauthorization Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ14/html/PLAW-113publ14.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-14</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">July 18, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Utah_Valley_Electric_Conveyance_Act" title="South Utah Valley Electric Conveyance Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">South Utah Valley Electric Conveyance Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ19/html/PLAW-113publ19.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-19</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">July 18, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonneville_Unit_Clean_Hydropower_Facilitation_Act" title="Bonneville Unit Clean Hydropower Facilitation Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Bonneville Unit Clean Hydropower Facilitation Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/254" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-20</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">August 9, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydropower_Regulatory_Efficiency_Act_of_2013" title="Hydropower Regulatory Efficiency Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Hydropower Regulatory Efficiency Act of 2013</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/23?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–23 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/23?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">August 9, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FOR_VETS_Act_of_2013" title="FOR VETS Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">FOR VETS Act of 2013</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/1171" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-26</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">August 9, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipartisan_Student_Loan_Certainty_Act_of_2013" title="Bipartisan Student Loan Certainty Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Bipartisan Student Loan Certainty Act of 2013</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/28?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–28 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/28?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">September 18, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powell_Shooting_Range_Land_Conveyance_Act" title="Powell Shooting Range Land Conveyance Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Powell Shooting Range Land Conveyance Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/113/s130" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-32</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">September 30, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missing_Children%27s_Assistance_Reauthorization_Act_of_2013" title="Missing Children's Assistance Reauthorization Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Missing Children's Assistance Reauthorization Act of 2013</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ38/html/PLAW-113publ38.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-38</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">September 30, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pay_Our_Military_Act" title="Pay Our Military Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Pay Our Military Act</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/39?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–39 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/39?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">October 2, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organization_of_American_States_Revitalization_and_Reform_Act_of_2013" title="Organization of American States Revitalization and Reform Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Organization of American States Revitalization and Reform Act of 2013</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uscode.house.gov/statutes/pl/113/41.pdf#:_{:text=Public%20Law%20113%E2%80%9341%20113th%20Congress%20An%20Act%20To,the%20United%20States%20of%20America%20in%20Congress%20assembled%2C}" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">Pub.L. 113-41</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">October 4, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congressional_Award_Program_Reauthorization_Act_of_2013" title="Congressional Award Program Reauthorization Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Congressional Award Program Reauthorization Act of 2013</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/19/113.43" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-43</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">October 17, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuing_Appropriations_Act,2014" title="Continuing Appropriations Act, 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Continuing Appropriations Act, 2014</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ46/html/PLAW-113publ46.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-46</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">October 31, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Parole_Commission_Extension_Act_of_2013" title="United States Parole Commission Extension Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">United States Parole Commission Extension Act of 2013</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ47/html/PLAW-113publ47.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-47</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">November 21, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streamlining_Claims_Processing_for_Federal_Contractor_Employees_Act" title="Streamlining Claims Processing for Federal Contractor Employees Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Streamlining Claims Processing for Federal Contractor Employees Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/senate/189354-senate-passes-bill-allowing-dol-to-pay-federal-contractors" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-50</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">November 21, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV_Organ_Policy_Equity_Act" title="HIV Organ Policy Equity Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">HIV Organ Policy Equity (HOPE) Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/senate-bill/330" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-51</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">November 27, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_Airplane_Revitalization_Act_of_2013" title="Small Airplane Revitalization Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Small Airplane Revitalization Act of 2013</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://generalaviationnews.com/2013/12/01/president-signs-small-plane-revitalization-act/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-53</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">November 27, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_Quality_and_Security_Act" title="Drug Quality and Security Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Drug Quality and Security Act</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/54?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–54 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/54?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">November 27, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PREEMIE_Reauthorization_Act" title="PREEMIE Reauthorization Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">PREEMIE Reauthorization Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/senate-bill/252" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-55</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 20, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_Fire_Safety_Act_of_2013" title="Community Fire Safety Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Community Fire Safety Act of 2013</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/3588" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-64</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 26, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Defense_Authorization_Act_for_Fiscal_Year_2014" title="National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/66?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–66 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/66?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 26, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipartisan_Budget_Act_of_2013" title="Bipartisan Budget Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Bipartisan Budget Act of 2013</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ67/html/PLAW-113publ67.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-67</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 26, 2013: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaska_Native_Tribal_Health_Consortium_Land_Transfer_Act" title="Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium Land Transfer Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium Land Transfer Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ68/html/PLAW-113publ68.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-68</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">January 17, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consolidated_Appropriations_Act,2014" title="Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2014</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/76?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–76 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/76?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">February 7, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agricultural_Act_of_2014" title="Agricultural Act of 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Agricultural Act of 2014</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/79?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–79 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/79?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">February 12, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Support_for_United_States-Republic_of_Korea_Civil_Nuclear_Cooperation_Act" title="Support for United States-Republic of Korea Civil Nuclear Cooperation Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Support for United States-Republic of Korea Civil Nuclear Cooperation Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ81/html/PLAW-113publ81.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-81</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">March 6, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Integrated_Drought_Information_System_Reauthorization_Act_of_2013" title="National Integrated Drought Information System Reauthorization Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">National Integrated Drought Information System Reauthorization Act of 2013</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ86/html/PLAW-113publ86.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-86</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">March 13, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleeping_Bear_Dunes_National_Lakeshore_Conservation_and_Recreation_Act" title="Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore Conservation and Recreation Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore Conservation and Recreation Act</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleeping_Bear_Dunes_National_Lakeshore_Conservation_and_Recreation_Act#:_{:text=The_Sleeping_Bear_Dunes_National_Lakeshore_Conservation_and,Dunes_National_Lakeshore_in_the_state_of_Michigan.}" title="Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore Conservation and Recreation Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Pub.L. 113-87</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">March 21, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeowner_Flood_Insurance_Affordability_Act_of_2014(S.1926;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeowner Flood Insurance Affordability Act of 2014 (S. 1926; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Homeowner Flood Insurance Affordability Act of 2014</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/89?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–89 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/89?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">March 21, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_Heating_Emergency_Assistance_Through_Transportation_Act_of_2014" title="Home Heating Emergency Assistance Through Transportation Act of 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Home Heating Emergency Assistance Through Transportation (HHEATT) Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ90/html/PLAW-113publ90.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-90</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">March 25, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines_Charitable_Giving_Assistance_Act" title="Philippines Charitable Giving Assistance Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Philippines Charitable Giving Assistance Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ92/html/PLAW-113publ92.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-92</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">April 3, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriella_Miller_Kids_First_Research_Act" title="Gabriella Miller Kids First Research Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Gabriella Miller Kids First Research Act</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/94?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–94 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/94?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">April 3, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Support_for_the_Sovereignty,Integrity,Democracy,and_Economic_Stability_of_Ukraine_Act_of_2014" title="Support for the Sovereignty, Integrity, Democracy, and Economic Stability of Ukraine Act of 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Support for the Sovereignty, Integrity, Democracy, and Economic Stability of Ukraine Act of 2014</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/95?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–95 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/95?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">April 3, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_International_Programming_to_Ukraine_and_Neighboring_Regions" title="United States International Programming to Ukraine and Neighboring Regions" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">United States International Programming to Ukraine and Neighboring Regions Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ96/html/PLAW-113publ96.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-96</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">April 7, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooperative_and_Small_Employer_Charity_Pension_Flexibility_Act" title="Cooperative and Small Employer Charity Pension Flexibility Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Cooperative and Small Employer Charity Pension Flexibility Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ97/html/PLAW-113publ97.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-97</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">April 7, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Children%27s_Hospital_GME_Support_Reauthorization_Act_of_2013" title="Children's Hospital GME Support Reauthorization Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Children's Hospital GME Support Reauthorization Act of 2013</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ98/html/PLAW-113publ98.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-98</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">May 9, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Accountability_and_Transparency_Act_of_2014" title="Digital Accountability and Transparency Act of 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Digital Accountability and Transparency Act (DATA)</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/101?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–101 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/101?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">May 20, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilah_Davenport_Child_Protection_Act_of_2013" title="Kilah Davenport Child Protection Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Kilah Davenport Child Protection Act</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/104?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–104 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/104?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">June 9, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Texas_Invasive_Species_Barrier_Act_of_2014" title="North Texas Invasive Species Barrier Act of 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">North Texas Invasive Species Barrier Act of 2014</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ117/html/PLAW-113publ117.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-117</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">June 10, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_Resources_Reform_and_Development_Act_of_2013(H.R.3080;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2013 (H.R. 3080; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Water Resources Reform and Development Act</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/121?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–121 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/121?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">June 30, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collinsville_Renewable_Energy_Promotion_Act" title="Collinsville Renewable Energy Promotion Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Collinsville Renewable Energy Promotion Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ122/html/PLAW-113publ122.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-122</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">June 30, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reliable_Home_Heating_Act" title="Reliable Home Heating Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Reliable Home Heating Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ125/html/PLAW-113publ125.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-125</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">July 7, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligence_Authorization_Act_for_Fiscal_Year_2014" title="Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ126/html/PLAW-113publ126.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-126</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">July 23, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workforce_Innovation_and_Opportunity_Act(H.R.803;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (H.R. 803; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/128?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–128 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/128?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">July 25, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Hills_Cemetery_Act" title="Black Hills Cemetery Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Black Hills Cemetery Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ131/html/PLAW-113publ131.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-131</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">July 25, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hill_Creek_Cultural_Preservation_and_Energy_Development_Act" title="Hill Creek Cultural Preservation and Energy Development Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Hill Creek Cultural Preservation and Energy Development Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ133/html/PLAW-113publ133.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-133</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">July 25, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Kids_Mine_Remediation_and_Reclamation_Act" title="Three Kids Mine Remediation and Reclamation Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Three Kids Mine Remediation and Reclamation Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ135/html/PLAW-113publ135.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub. L. 113-135</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">July 25, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Hill_Administrative_Site_Affordable_Housing_Act" title="Lake Hill Administrative Site Affordable Housing Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Lake Hills Administrative Site Affordable Housing Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/votes/188532-members-make-quick-work-of-land-use-bills" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-141</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">July 25, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huna_Tlingit_Traditional_Gull_Egg_Use_Act" title="Huna Tlingit Traditional Gull Egg Use Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Huna Tlingit Traditional Gull Egg Use Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ142/html/PLAW-113publ142.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-142</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">August 1, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veterinary_Medicine_Mobility_Act_of_2014" title="Veterinary Medicine Mobility Act of 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Veterinary Medicine Mobility Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ143/html/PLAW-113publ143.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-143</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">August 1, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unlocking_Consumer_Choice_and_Wireless_Competition_Act" title="Unlocking Consumer Choice and Wireless Competition Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Unlocking Consumer Choice and Wireless Competition Act</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/144?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–144 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/144?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">August 7, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veterans%27_Access_to_Care_through_Choice,Accountability,and_Transparency_Act_of_2014" title="Veterans' Access to Care through Choice, Accountability, and Transparency Act of 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Veterans' Access to Care through Choice, Accountability, and Transparency Act of 2014</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/146?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–146 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/146?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">August 8, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Improving_Trauma_Care_Act_of_2014" title="Improving Trauma Care Act of 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Improving Trauma Care Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ152/html/PLAW-113publ152.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-152</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">August 8, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Money_Remittances_Improvement_Act_of_2014" title="Money Remittances Improvement Act of 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Money Remittances Improvement Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ156/html/PLAW-113publ156.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-156</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">August 8, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autism_CARES_Act_of_2014" title="Autism CARES Act of 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Autism CARES Act of 2014</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ157/html/PLAW-113publ157.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-157</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">August 8, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_Afghan_Allies_Extension_Act_of_2014" title="Emergency Afghan Allies Extension Act of 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Emergency Afghan Allies Extension Act of 2014</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ160/html/PLAW-113publ160.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-160</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">August 8, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victims_of_Child_Abuse_Act_Reauthorization_Act_of_2013" title="Victims of Child Abuse Act Reauthorization Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Victims of Child Abuse Act Reauthorization Act of 2013</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ163/html/PLAW-113publ163.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-163</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">September 19, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuing_Appropriations_Resolution,2015" title="Continuing Appropriations Resolution, 2015" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Continuing Appropriations Resolution, 2015</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ164/html/PLAW-113publ164.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-164</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">September 26, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_D.Wellstone_Muscular_Dystrophy_Community_Assistance,Research_and_Education_Amendments_of_2013" title="Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Community Assistance, Research and Education Amendments of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Community Assistance, Research and Education Amendments of 2013</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ166/html/PLAW-113publ166.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-166</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">September 26, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Circuit_Review_Extension_Act" title="All Circuit Review Extension Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">All Circuit Review Extension Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ170/html/PLAW-113publ170.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-170</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">September 26, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gun_Lake_Trust_Land_Reaffirmation_Act" title="Gun Lake Trust Land Reaffirmation Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Gun Lake Trust Land Reaffirmation Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/senate-bill/1603" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-179</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">September 26, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_Medical_Services_for_Children_Reauthorization_Act_of_2014" title="Emergency Medical Services for Children Reauthorization Act of 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Emergency Medical Services for Children Reauthorization Act of 2014</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ180/html/PLAW-113publ180.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-180</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">September 29, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preventing_Sex_Trafficking_and_Strengthening_Families_Act(H.R.4980;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Preventing Sex Trafficking and Strengthening Families Act (H.R. 4980; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Preventing Sex Trafficking and Strengthening Families Act</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/183?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–183 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/183?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">October 6, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Improving_Medicare_Post-Acute_Care_Transformation_Act_of_2014(H.R.4994;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Improving Medicare Post-Acute Care Transformation Act of 2014 (H.R. 4994; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">IMPACT Act of 2014</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/185?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–185 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/185?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">November 26, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidential_and_Federal_Records_Act_Amendments_of_2014(H.R.1233;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidential and Federal Records Act Amendments of 2014 (H.R. 1233; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Presidential and Federal Records Act Amendments of 2014</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/187?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–187 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/187?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">November 26, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_Reports_Elimination_Act_of_2014(H.R.4194;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Government Reports Elimination Act of 2014 (H.R. 4194; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Government Reports Elimination Act of 2014</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/188?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–188 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/188?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">November 26, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunscreen_Innovation_Act" title="Sunscreen Innovation Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Sunscreen Innovation Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ195/html/PLAW-113publ195.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-195</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 4, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STELA_Reauthorization_Act_of_2014" title="STELA Reauthorization Act of 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">STELA Reauthorization Act of 2014</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/4572" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-200</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 16, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honor_Flight_Act" title="Honor Flight Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Honor Flight Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ221/html/PLAW-113publ221.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-221</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 18, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permanent_Electronic_Duck_Stamp_Act_of_2013" title="Permanent Electronic Duck Stamp Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Permanent Electronic Duck Stamp Act of 2013</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ239/html/PLAW-113publ239.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-239</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 18, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_in_Custody_Reporting_Act_of_2013(H.R.1447;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Death in Custody Reporting Act of 2013 (H.R. 1447; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Death in Custody Reporting Act of 2013</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/242?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–242 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/242?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 18, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportation_Security_Acquisition_Reform_Act(H.R.2719;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportation Security Acquisition Reform Act (H.R. 2719; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Transportation Security Acquisition Reform Act</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/245?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–245 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/245?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 18, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Savings_Promotion_Act(H.R.3374;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="American Savings Promotion Act (H.R. 3374; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">American Savings Promotion Act</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/251?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–251 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/251?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 18, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Credit_Union_Share_Insurance_Fund_Parity_Act(H.R.3468;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Credit Union Share Insurance Fund Parity Act (H.R. 3468; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Credit Union Share Insurance Fund Parity Act</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/252?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–252 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/252?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 18, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_Savings_Act" title="Smart Savings Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Smart Savings Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ255/html/PLAW-113publ255.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-255</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 18, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Designer_Anabolic_Steroid_Control_Act_of_2014" title="Designer Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Designer Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 2014</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ260/html/PLAW-113publ260.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-260</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 18, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPS_Service_Parts_Act_of_2014(H.R.5057;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="EPS Service Parts Act of 2014 (H.R. 5057; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">EPS Service Parts Act of 2014</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/263?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–263 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/263?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 18, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine_Freedom_Support_Act_of_2014" title="Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/5859" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub. L. 113-272</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 18, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportation_Security_Acquisition_Reform_Act" title="Transportation Security Acquisition Reform Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Transportation Security Acquisition Reform Act</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/2719" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-275</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 18, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuela_Defense_of_Human_Rights_and_Civil_Society_Act_of_2014(S.2142;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Venezuela Defense of Human Rights and Civil Society Act of 2014 (S. 2142; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Venezuela Defense of Human Rights and Civil Society Act of 2014</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/278?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–278 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/278?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 18, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insurance_Capital_Standards_Clarification_Act_of_2014(S.2270;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Insurance Capital Standards Clarification Act of 2014 (S. 2270; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Insurance Capital Standards Clarification Act of 2014</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Law(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Law (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Public Law (United States)" style="border-bottom: 0px; cursor: help;">Pub.L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/279?link-type=html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">113–279 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/113/public/279?link-type=pdf&.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" d="d" icon_pdf_file.png="Icon_pdf_file.png" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding="padding" px="px">(PDF)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 18, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Coble_Coast_Guard_and_Maritime_Transportation_Act_of_2014" title="Howard Coble Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation Act of 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Howard Coble Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation Act of 2014</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ281/html/PLAW-113publ281.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-281</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 18, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Information_Security_Modernization_Act_of_2014" title="Federal Information Security Modernization Act of 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Federal Information Security Modernization Act of 2014</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ283/html/PLAW-113publ283.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-283</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 19, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Levin_and_Howard_P.%22Buck%22_McKeon_National_Defense_Authorization_Act_for_Fiscal_Year_2015" title="Carl Levin and Howard P. " buck="Buck" mckeon="McKeon" national="National" defense="Defense" authorization="Authorization" act="Act" for="for" fiscal="Fiscal" year="Year" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Carl Levin and Howard P. "Buck" McKeon National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ291/html/PLAW-113publ291.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-291</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">December 19, 2014: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Israel_Strategic_Partnership_Act_of_2014" title="United States–Israel Strategic Partnership Act of 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">United States-Israel Strategic Partnership Act of 2014</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-113publ296/html/PLAW-113publ296.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">Pub.L. 113-296</a></li></ul><h3 style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 1.6; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Proposed[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=113th_United_States_Congress&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Proposed" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">edit</a>]</h3><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable" style="font-style: italic; padding-left: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Main article: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_bills_in_the_113th_United_States_Congress" title="List of bills in the 113th United States Congress" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">List of bills in the 113th United States Congress</a></div><ul style="list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" em="em" px="px" padding="padding" color="color" rgb="rgb" font-size="font-size" background-color="background-color"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_United_States_federal_budget" title="2014 United States federal budget" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2014 United States federal budget</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-concurrent-resolution/25" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">H.Con.Res. 25</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/senate-concurrent-resolution/8" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">S.Con.Res. 8</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assault_Weapons_Ban_of_2013" title="Assault Weapons Ban of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Assault Weapons Ban of 2013</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/senate-bill/150" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">S. 150</a>) - Introduced after <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandy_Hook_Elementary_School_shooting" title="Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justice_Safety_Valve_Act_of_2013" title="Justice Safety Valve Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Justice Safety Valve Act of 2013</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/senate-bill/619" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">S. 619</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/1695" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">H.R. 1695</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marketplace_Fairness_Act_of_2013" class="mw-redirect" title="Marketplace Fairness Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Marketplace Fairness Act of 2013</a>: (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/684" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">H.R. 684</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/senate-bill/743" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">S. 743</a>) - Also known as the "Internet Sales Tax"</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_Security,Economic_Opportunity,and_Immigration_Modernization_Act_of_2013" title="Border Security, Economic Opportunity, and Immigration Modernization Act of 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Border Security, Economic Opportunity, and Immigration Modernization Act of 2013</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/senate-bill/744" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">S. 744</a>) - Also known as the immigration bill</li></ul><h3 style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 1.6; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Appropriations bills[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=113th_United_States_Congress&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Appropriations bills" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">edit</a>]</h3><h4 style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 1.6; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Fiscal year 2014[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=113th_United_States_Congress&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Fiscal year 2014" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">edit</a>]</h4>Fiscal year 2014 runs from October 1, 2013, to September 30, 2014.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-crsBasicBudgetTerms-9" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[9]</a><ul style="list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" em="em" px="px" padding="padding" color="color" rgb="rgb" font-size="font-size" background-color="background-color"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_Construction_and_Veterans_Affairs,and_Related_Agencies_Appropriations_Act,2014(H.R.2216;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2014 (H.R. 2216; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2014</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/2216" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">H.R. 2216</a>) - proposed</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_of_Homeland_Security_Appropriations_Act,2014(H.R.2217;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2014 (H.R. 2217; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2014</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/2217" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">H.R. 2217</a>) - proposed</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_and_Water_Development_and_Related_Agencies_Appropriations_Act,2014(H.R.2609;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2014 (H.R. 2609; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2014</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/2609" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">H.R. 2609</a>) - proposed</li></ul><h4 style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 1.6; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Fiscal year 2015[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=113th_United_States_Congress&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Fiscal year 2015" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">edit</a>]</h4><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable" style="font-style: italic; padding-left: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Main article: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_United_States_federal_appropriations" title="2015 United States federal appropriations" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2015 United States federal appropriations</a></div>Fiscal year 2015 runs from October 1, 2014, to September 20, 2015.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-crsBasicBudgetTerms-9" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[9]</a><ul style="list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" em="em" px="px" padding="padding" color="color" rgb="rgb" font-size="font-size" background-color="background-color"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture,Rural_Development,Food_and_Drug_Administration,and_Related_Agencies_Appropriations_Act,2015(H.R.4800;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2015 (H.R. 4800; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2015</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/4800" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">H.R. 4800</a>) - considered in the House on June 11, 2014.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-4800allactions-10" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[10]</a> The bill would appropriate $20.9 billion.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-SchoolsOutHill-11" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[11]</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commerce,Justice,Science,and_Related_Agencies_Appropriations_Act,2015(H.R.4660;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2015 (H.R. 4660; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2015</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/4660" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">H.R. 4660</a>) - passed the House on May 30, 2014.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-4660allactions-12" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[12]</a> The total amount of money appropriated in the bill was $51.2 billion, approximately $400 million less than fiscal year 2014.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-HillPasses30-13" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[13]</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_of_Defense_Appropriations_Act,2015(H.R.4870;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2015 (H.R. 4870; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2015</a> - considered in the House on June 18, 2014. The bill would provide funding of approximately $491 billion.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-HillThisWeek16-14" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[14]</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_and_Water_Development_and_Related_Agencies_Appropriations_Act,2015(H.R.4923;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2015 (H.R. 4923; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2015 (H.R. 4923; 113th Congress)</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/4923" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">H.R. 4923</a>) - The bill would appropriate $34 billion to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Energy" title="United States Department of Energy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">United States Department of Energy</a>, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Army_Corps_of_Engineers" title="United States Army Corps of Engineers" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">United States Army Corps of Engineers</a>, and related agencies.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-HillThisWeek7-15" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[15]</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legislative_Branch_Appropriations_Act,2015(H.R.4487;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2015 (H.R. 4487; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2015</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/4487" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">H.R. 4487</a>) - passed in the House on May 1, 2014.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-4487allactions-16" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[16]</a> The bill would appropriate $3.3 billion to the legislative branch for FY 2015.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-nextweek25ap-17" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[17]</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_Construction_and_Veterans_Affairs_and_Related_Agencies_Appropriations_Act,2015(H.R.4486;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Military Construction and Veterans Affairs and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2015 (H.R. 4486; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Military Construction and Veterans Affairs and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2015</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/4486" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">H.R. 4486</a>) - passed the House on April 30, 2014.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-4486allactions-18" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[18]</a> The total amount appropriated by the introduced version of the bill is $71.5 billion.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-nextweek25ap-17" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[17]</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportation,Housing_and_Urban_Development,and_Related_Agencies_Appropriations_Act,2015(H.R.4745;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2015 (H.R. 4745; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2015</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/4745" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" external-link-ltr-icon.svg="external-link-ltr-icon.svg" e54="e54" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">H.R. 4745</a> or "THUD") - passed the House on June 10, 2014.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-4745allactions-19" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[19]</a> The bill would appropriate $17 billion to the Department of Transportation and $40.3 billion to the Department of Housing and Urban Development.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress#cite_note-HousePasses4th-20" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[20]</a></li></ul><h2 style="margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; font-family: " linux="Linux" libertine="Libertine" georgia="Georgia" times="Times" serif="serif" line-height="line-height" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb">Party summary</h2><div>...</div><div>
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</div><div>aLABAMA</div><div>Rep. Robert Aderholt (R-AL-04): “I fall into the second group of people who believe, as do many very credible scientists, that the earth is currently in a natural warming cycle rather than a man-made climate change. Many scientists believe that natural cycles of warming and cooling have existed since the beginning of Earth. If we take the current models of climate prediction and apply those same models to what actually happened in the last thirty years, the models are shown to be very flawed. In addition, what knowledge we do have of a warming period in the Middle Ages cannot be explained by current models which are focused on greenhouse gas reductions.” [<a href="http://aderholt.house.gov/common/popup/popup.cfm?action=item.print&itemID=993" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Daily Mountain Eagle Op-Ed, 12/13/10</a>]Rep. Spencer Bachus (R-AL-06): Co-sponsored H.Res.954, a resolution that stated: “Whereas recent events have uncovered extensive evidence from the Climate Research Unit at the University of East Anglia in England (in this resolution referred to as the ‘CRU’) which involved many researchers across the globe discussing the destruction, altering, and hiding of data that did not support global warming claims.” [<a href="http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/111/hres974/text" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">H.Res.954, GovTrack, 12/8/09</a>]Rep. Mo Brooks (R-AL-05): “I’m also old enough to remember when the same left-wing part of our society was creating a global cooling scare in order to generate funds for their pet projects. So 30-some years ago the big scare was global cooling, and once they drained that [topic], they shifted to global warming. So I’m approaching the issue with a healthy degree of skepticism. If the evidence is there to prove it, then so be it.” [<a href="http://news.sciencemag.org/scienceinsider/2011/02/new-science-subcommittee-chair.html" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Science Insider, 2/9/11</a>]Sen. Jeff Sessions (R-AL): Senator Jeff Sessions was more than surprised when informed by Senator Barbara Boxer that roughly 98 percent of climate scientists accepted that anthropogenic warming was real and serious — he was outraged:<blockquote style="box-sizing: inherit; padding: 16px 30px; border-left: 1px solid rgb(208, 38, 47); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">SESSIONS: Madam Chairman, I am offended by that, I’m offended by that — I didn’t say anything about the scientists. I said the data shows [sic] it is not warming to the degree that a lot of people predicted, not close to that much…BOXER: The conclusion that you’re coming to is shared by 1-2 percent of the scientists. You shouldn’t be offended by that. That’s the fact.SESSIONS: I don’t believe that’s correct.[<a href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2012/08/01/624821/sessions-i-am-offended-by-views-of-climate-scientists/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">ThinkProgress, 8/1/2012</a>]</blockquote>Sen. Richard Shelby (R-AL): “Global warming continues to be an issue of significant debate in Congress and throughout the scientific community. In addition, important scientific research is ongoing as there are still many questions that must be answered before we take steps to address this issue. For example, is the climate change phenomenon cyclical or is it a function of manmade pollutants, or both? I believe the science must be firmly grounded before we take any actions that could seriously cripple many sectors of our economy.” [<a href="http://toxicnation.blogspot.com/2008/01/part-ii-are-we-destroying-mother-earth.html" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Shelby Letter, 12/14/07</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ALASKA</h2>Rep. Don Young (R-AK-At Large): “I think this is the biggest scam since the Teapot Dome.” [<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NKcmjBBtxrs" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">KTVA Interview, 2/18/10</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ARIZONA</h2>Rep. Trent Franks (R-AZ-08): “While I am concerned about the potential effects of global warming, I have yet to see clear and convincing evidence that it exists beyond historical fluctuations.” [<a href="http://www.azcentral.com/news/election/questionnaire2008/congress08.php?action=ViewAns&canname=frankst" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">AZ Central Candidate Survey, 2008</a>]Rep. Paul Gosar (R-AZ-04): “Further, “global warming” now known as “climate change” is likely not in our control in any event. Historical records clearly demonstrate vast temperature swings long before Man arrived, from temperate zones in Alaska to ice ages in New York.” [<a href="http://www.azcentral.com/news/politics/2012questionnaires/results.php?id=gosarp" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">AZ Central Candidate Survey, 2012</a>]Sen. John McCain (R-AZ): Sen. John McCain, up for re-election, for years during the Bush presidency argued that global warming pollution was an existential threat that required a strict cap-and-trade carbon market. Now that Obama is president and climate policy is a real possibility, McCain sounds and acts like a global warming denier: “I do not support the cap-and-trade energy reform legislation under consideration in Congress. There are dramatic environmental changes happening in the arctic region – whether one believes they are man-made or natural.” McCain now opposes the cap-and-trade policy he once championed, and opposes the EPA finding that greenhouse gases are pollution. [<a href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2010/09/13/174788/gop-senate-deniers/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">ThinkProgress, 9/13/10</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ARKANSAS</h2>Rep. Rick Crawford (R-AR-01): He also fielded a question regarding climate change and President Obama’s environmental agenda. “There’s not sound science to support some of the initiatives that the President, I think, is committed to. We know that some of the research was faulty and it drove a lot of the agenda for a long time. and then it turned out there were some questions about the validity of that research.” “I don’t see a lot of the green initiatives that are being talked about being supported by scientific data, but more supported by political agendas.” [<a href="http://talkbusiness.net/2013/01/cong-crawford-wants-permanent-spending-controls/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Talk Business Arkansas, 1/27/13</a>]Rep. Tim Griffin (R-AR-02): “I am not convinced that the problem of global warming is what the scientists say it is. Particularly in light of the recent research, that demonstrates that there are a lot of shenanigans going on with the data.” [<a href="http://www.thv11.com/news/story.aspx?storyid=102658" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">THV 11, 4/12/10</a>]Sen. John Boozman (R-AR): “Well I think that we’ve got perhaps climate change going on. The question is what’s causing it. Is man causing it, or, you know, is this a cycle that happens throughout the years, throughout the ages. And you can look back some of the previous times when there was no industrialization, you had these different ages, ice ages, and things warming and things. That’s the question.” [<a href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2010/09/13/174788/gop-senate-deniers/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">ThinkProgress, 9/13/10</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">CALIFORNIA</h2>Rep. Ken Calvert (R-CA-42): Co-sponsored H.Res.954, a resolution that stated: “Whereas recent events have uncovered extensive evidence from the Climate Research Unit at the University of East Anglia in England (in this resolution referred to as the ‘CRU’) which involved many researchers across the globe discussing the destruction, altering, and hiding of data that did not support global warming claims.” [<a href="http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/111/hres974/text" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">H.Res.954, GovTrack, 12/8/09</a>]Rep. Jeff Denham (R-CA-10): One of the opponents, Sen. Jeff Denham, R-Modesto, said he wants guarantees that the views of global warming skeptics will be taught. “Some wouldn’t view them as skeptics. Some would view them as the right side of the issue. We don’t have complete factual information yet. From what I have seen the Earth has heated and cooled on its own for centuries. I don’t know that there’s anything that is a direct cause of that right now, but we can do a better job of cleaning up our planet.” [<a href="http://www.mercurynews.com/education/ci_8269190?nclick_check=1" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Mercury News, 1/1/09</a>]Rep. Duncan Hunter (R-CA-50): Hunter ridiculed the notion that climate change needs to be addressed by Congress. “Nobody really knows the cause,” he said. “The earth cools, the earth warms…It could be caused by carbon dioxide or methane. Maybe we should kill the cows to stop the methane, or stop breathing to stop the CO2… Thousands of people die every year of cold, so if we had global warming it would save lives…We ought to look out for people. The earth can take care of itself.” [<a href="http://www.eastcountymagazine.org/?q=node/1795" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">East Coast Magazine, 8/25/09</a>]Rep. Darrell Issa (R-CA-49): “One of the difficulties in examining the issue of the climate change and greenhouse gases is that there is a wide range of scientific opinion on this issue and the science community does not agree to the extent of the problem or the critical threshold of when this problem is truly catastrophic.” [<a href="http://votesmart.org/public-statement/346608/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Project Vote Smart Issue Position, 1/1/12</a>]Rep. Doug LaMalfa (R-CA-01): It’s “bad science.” It’s “Al Gore.” It’s a “naturally occurring cycle.” You should “look at the numbers.” [<a href="http://grist.org/list/doug-lamalfa-is-the-archetypal-climate-denying-idio/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Grist, 11/5/12</a>]Rep. Tom McClintock (R-CA-04): “We’re all told of course the debate is over and that all the scientists agree… and as all of you know, that is succinctly not the case.” [<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mFaGWHs8WqU" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">International Conference on Climate Change, 5/9/09</a>]Rep. Devin Nunes (R-CA-22): “However, scientists admit that they cannot be sure whether the Earth’s temperature is rising due to cyclical warming and cooling processes, or whether and how much humans are influencing it.” [<a href="http://votesmart.org/public-statement/353529/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Project Vote Smart Issue Position, 1/1/12</a>]Rep. Dana Rohrabacher (R-CA-48): “Too often, when congress is asked to pass environmental legislation, the legislation is based on emotional junk science rather than data based on reproducable, rigorous, tested, peer-reviewed results. In no area has this been more obvious than climate change. Because the Kyoto Treaty and much of the suggested environmental legislation would decimate jobs in southern California, constituents may be interested to learn of the growing scientific consensus that global warming is not manmade, if it is in fact even occurring.” [<a href="http://rohrabacher.house.gov/issue/global-warming" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Rohrabacher Website</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">COLORADO</h2>Rep. Mike Coffman (R-CO-06): “Climate change is naturally occurring. What influence do we have over that, we certainly need to look into, but that’s subject to debate.” [<a href="http://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2012/06/as-politicians-debate-climate-change-our-forests-wither/258549/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">The Atlantic, 6/15/12</a>]Rep. Cory Gardner (R-CO-04): “I think the climate is changing, but I don’t believe humans are causing that change to the extent that’s been in the news.” [<a href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2010/09/21/206758/house-races-climate-change-global-warming/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">ThinkProgress, 9/21/10</a>]Rep. Doug Lamborn (R-CO-05): Lamborn said there are “a lot of contentious facts and claims about global warming and whether it is man made.” However, he said there is “not much unanimity” about it. At that statement many audience members commented that 98 percent was “pretty unanimous.” Lamborn said he spoke to a scientist who believes that global warming is man-made and “should materialize” 50-100 years from now. He said there are issues that need dealing with now. Eckler asked again if he would listen to the evidence claiming global warming is here and now. After more back-and-forth on the issue, Lamborn said, “I think we’ve beaten this horse to a pulp. I’m listening to all sides.” [<a href="http://www.themountainmail.com/news/article_61e3ab96-cc59-11e2-a968-0019bb30f31a.html" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">The Mountain Mail, 6/3/13</a>]Rep. Scott Tipton (R-CO-03): Scott Tipton (R-CO) conceded that climate change exists, but argued that it’s caused by natural climate cycles rather than humans. “Here in the state of Colorado as our tree rings demonstrate, we’ve had droughts long before there were very many people here,” the Tea Party freshman argued. Acknowledging that humans can affect the climate is futile because it would “divide America,” said Tipton. [<a href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2012/08/23/734181/scott-tipton-climate-change/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">ThinkProgress, 8/23/12</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">FLORIDA</h2>Rep. Mario Diaz-Balart (R-FL-25): “I know there’s a lot of money to be made on the bandwagon of global warming, you can make movies, documentaries, get a lot of research money – and that’s okay, I love capitalism.” “My fear is using the bandwagon of global warming to have Congress act on some knee-jerk reaction which will please some editorialists, will hurt our economy, will not do anything to help us in the future.” [<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RhCBDBvACE" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Mario Diaz-Balart Video, 9/25/07</a>]Rep. Bill Posey (R-FL-08): Co-sponsored H.Res.954, a resolution that stated: “Whereas recent events have uncovered extensive evidence from the Climate Research Unit at the University of East Anglia in England (in this resolution referred to as the ‘CRU’) which involved many researchers across the globe discussing the destruction, altering, and hiding of data that did not support global warming claims.” [<a href="http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/111/hres974/text" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">H.Res.954, GovTrack, 12/8/09</a>]Sen. Marco Rubio (R-FL): “I don’t think there’s the scientific evidence to justify it,” Rubio said. Asked whether he accepts the scientific evidence that the global climate is undergoing change, he responded, “The climate is always changing. The climate is never static. The question is whether it’s caused by man-made activity and whether it justifies economically destructive government regulation.” [<a href="http://tbo.com/ap/politics/rubio-questions-climate-change-83470" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Tampa Tribune, 2/13/10</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">GEORGIA</h2>Rep. Paul Broun (R-GA-10): In June 2009, Broun received a standing ovation when he said that global warming is a “hoax”. He said “Scientists all over this world say that the idea of human induced global climate change is one of the greatest hoaxes perpetrated out of the scientific community. It is a hoax. There is no scientific consensus.” [<a href="http://thinkprogress.org/politics/2009/06/26/47862/broun-globalwarming-hoax/?mobile=nc%20----%20%20http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PPimawyrV54" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">ThinkProgress, 6/26/09</a>]Rep. Doug Collins (R-GA-09): When asked if he believes human activity is contributing to climate change, Representative Collins answered “no.” [<a href="http://votesmart.org/candidate/political-courage-test/67851/doug-collins/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Project Vote Smart Political Courage Test, 2012</a>]Rep. Phil Gingrey (R-GA-11): Co-filed a petition to the Environmental Protection Agency to reconsider the endangerment find that said: “Climategate reveals a serious lack of integrity in the underlying data and models, such that it is doubtful that any process can be trusted until the data and models are validated and their integrity assured.” [<a href="http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/Downloads/endangerment/Petition_for_Reconsideration_Southeastern_Legal_Foundation.pdf" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Petition to EPA, 12/23/09</a>]Rep. Jack Kingston (R-GA-01): “We have a moral duty to be good stewards of the environment but growing the government’s coffers and killing jobs based on questionable science is a bridge too far.” [<a href="http://kingston.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=193226" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Kingston Website, 6/30/10</a>]Rep. Tom Price (R-GA-06): “This decision goes against all common sense, especially considering the many recent revelations of errors and obfuscation in the allegedly ‘settled science’ of global warming.” [<a href="http://rsc.scalise.house.gov/news/documentprint.aspx?DocumentID=174274" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Republican Study Committee</a>]Rep. Lynn Westmoreland (R-GA-03): Co-filed a petition to the Environmental Protection Agency to reconsider the endangerment find that said: “Climategate reveals a serious lack of integrity in the underlying data and models, such that it is doubtful that any process can be trusted until the data and models are validated and their integrity assured.” [<a href="http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/Downloads/endangerment/Petition_for_Reconsideration_Southeastern_Legal_Foundation.pdf" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Petition to EPA, 12/23/09</a>]Sen. Johnny Isakson (R-GA): “Science has shown us that there has been a gradual warming of the earth over the last 50 years. What is not as clear is whether the cause for this warming is man-made emissions, a cyclical warming of the planet, or a combination of both. Given the uncertainty in the science behind climate change, I believe that we should take proactive steps, both personally and as a nation, to reduce our emissions footprint.” [<a href="http://votesmart.org/public-statement/580879/issue-position-energy-and-the-environment" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Project Vote Smart Issue Position, 1/1/11</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">IDAHO</h2>Sen. Mike Crapo (R-ID): “While there is no dispute over the fact that the Earthís climate has changed many times over the planet’s history, the underlying cause of these climactic shifts is ultimately not well-understood and is a matter of vigorous debate.” [<a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20130221211520/http:/www.crapo.senate.gov/issues/energy/ClimateChange.cfm" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Crapo Website</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ILLINOIS</h2>Rep. Rodney Davis (R-IL-13): During an interview with Illinois Public Media radio, a constituent asked Representative Rodney Davis what he planned to do to combat climate change, and he responded that “global warming has stopped 16 years ago.” He then went on the say that climate change is real but the debate is over whether or not it is manmade or natural. [<a href="http://will.illinois.edu/focus/program/talk-to-the-candidate-rodney-davis-r-13th-illinois-congressional-district" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Illinois Public Media, 10/16/12</a>]Rep. Randy Hultgren (R-IL-14): “The greatest impact on our climate clearly is the sun, and we have very little impact on the sun and how much energy and temperature the sun is sending to the earth. We have seen clearly over thousands of years that at different times more energy has come through and different times less energy has come through, and that variation has impacted climate change. Over the thousands of years that’s been recorded we’ve had both colder times and warmer times. It happens to be that we’ve recently come out of a warmer time and now actually we’re headed in to a little bit of a colder time, the impact of the sun is much different than impact that we could have had.” [<a href="http://illinoisreview.typepad.com/illinoisreview/2009/12/on-the-issues-14th-congressional-district-randy-hultgren.html" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Illinois Review, 12/2/09</a>]Peter Roskam (R-IL-06): Roskam drew the ire of the crowd by calling global warming junk science. [<a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20070928001803/http:/www.cod.edu/courier/10.20.06/NEWS_10.20.06.pdf" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">College of DuPage Courier, 10/20/06</a>]Rep. John Shimkus (R-IL-15): During his introductory remarks at a House Subcommittee on Energy and Environment hearing, Representative Shimkus read from the bible to prove that global warming will not destroy the earth because only God can decide when the earth will end: “The earth will end only when God declares it is time to be over. Man will not destroy this earth. This earth will not be destroyed by a flood.” [<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=7h08RDYA5E" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">House Subcommittee on Energy and Environment Hearing, 3/25/2009</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">INDIANA</h2>Rep. Larry Bucshon (R-IN-08): “The data does not support the premise that carbon dioxide emissions are playing a significant role in the world temperature variations. The temperature of the Earth has been changing over centuries with warmer and colder periods throughout history.” [<a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20101028214947/http:/www.bucshonforcongress.com/issues" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Campaign Website, 10/28/2010</a>]Rep. Todd Rokita (R-IN-04): “The link between manmade carbon emissions and measureable harm to the environment is a topic currently under debate. While there may exist a link, the current debate continues.” [<a href="http://votesmart.org/public-statement/504449/#.UbtnL_nvtyy" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Project Vote Smart Issue Position</a>]Rep. Todd Young (R-IN-09): Mr. Young, the Indiana Republican nominee trying to unseat Mr. Hill for the Ninth Congressional District seat, strongly opposes cap and trade and other unilateral measures to combat global warming. He says he is uncertain what is causing the observed heating of the planet, adding that it could be caused by sunspots or the normal cycles of nature. “The science is not settled,” he said in an interview in his headquarters in Bloomington, Ind. And he said that given the scientific uncertainty, it was not wise to make major changes in the nation’s energy economy to reduce carbon emissions. [<a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/21/us/politics/21climate.html?r=1&" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">New York Times, 10/20/10</a>]Sen. Dan Coats (R-IN): At a candidate forum Saturday, the Republicans running for the U.S. Senate dismissed the threat of global warming, as well. Former U.S. Rep. John Hostettler called it “junk science.” State Sen. Marlin Stutzman called it a “manufactured controversy.” Former U.S. Sen. Dan Coats discussed this year’s snowstorm in Washington, D.C., ignoring scientists who say global warming causes intensified weather consistent with such a snowstorm. [<a href="http://www.courierpress.com/news/2010/apr/18/tea-party-weakness-shown-by-times-poll/?print=1" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Evansville Courier & Press, 4/18/10</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">IOWA</h2>Rep. Steve King (R-IA-04): “There are a couple of German engineers that took that theory apart and proved it wrong in a lab. I’ve read through that, but I’d have to go back to school for a half a year or a year to tell you I followed every bit of their rationale. But the presumption of the Greenhouse Effect is at least, from what I saw, was pretty convincingly rebutted.” [<a href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2010/08/18/174777/rep-steve-king-unloads-on-climate-change-scientists-frauds-practicing-modern-version-of-the-rain-dance/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">ThinkProgress, 8/18/10</a>]Sen. Chuck Grassley (R-IA): “But the scientific aspect that I’m still reserving judgment on is the extent to which it’s manmade or natural. And it’s reasonable, considering that there’s at least a natural factor in it, because historically, and you can go to the core drillings in the glaciers to get proof of this, that we’ve had decades and decades, and maybe even centuries of periods of time when there’s been a tremendous rise in temperature, and then a tremendous fall in temperature. And all you’ve got to do is look at the little ice age of the mid-last millennia as an example. And so we’ve got to single out what’s natural and what’s manmade before you can make policy.” [<a href="http://grist.org/article/2009-08-26-chuck-grassley-does-not-believe-in-the-threat-of-anthropogenic-c/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Grist, 8/26/09</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">KANSAS</h2>Rep. Lynn Jenkins (R-KS-02): “I cosponsored a res. overturning an EPA rule that says man-made greenhouse gas emissions are a danger to public health.” [<a href="https://twitter.com/RepLynnJenkins/status/9942721277" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Twitter, 3/3/10</a>]Rep. Mike Pompeo (R-KS-04): “Carbon dioxide is a basic building block of our existence. Regulating that is the height of arrogance.” [<a href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2011/03/15/174947/koch-committee-climate-denial/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">ThinkProgress, 3/15/11</a>]Sen. Pat Roberts (R-KS): “There’s no question there’s some global warming, but I’m not sure what it means. A lot of this is condescending elitism.” [<a href="http://cjonline.com/news/state/2010-08-24/oil_gas_industry_its_not_our_fault" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Topeka Capital-Journal, 8/24/10</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">KENTUCKY</h2>Rep. Thomas Massie (R-KY-04): Rep. Thomas Massie challenged President Obama to roll out the proof that humans have played a hand in climate change. Mr. Massie, a Kentucky Republican, said he was “disappointed” that the president in his second inaugural address blamed droughts on “human activity” and accused some of “denying the evidence of scientists.” “As somebody with a science-type background, I took offense at that,” Mr. Massie said during a panel meeting billed as “Conversations With Conservatives.” “I would challenge him to show us the linkage — the undeniable linkage — between droughts and the change of weather, and some kind of human activity.” [<a href="http://www.washingtontimes.com/blog/inside-politics/2013/jan/22/rep-massie-mit-grad-questions-obamas-global-warmin/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Washington Times Inside Politics Blog, 1/22/13</a>]Rep. Ed Whitfield (R-KY-01): “Misrepresenting scientific research to support one’s own personal beliefs, particularly on an international stage, is dangerous, disingenuous and simply unacceptable. I call on Mr. Gore to come clean about the real science surrounding climate change and let the American people come to their own conclusions on global warming.” [<a href="http://whitfield.house.gov/press-release/whitfield-blasts-use-false-science-copenhagen" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Whitfield Website, 12/15/09</a>]Sen. Mitch McConnell (R-KY): “As recently as 30-35 years ago we were worried about the globe getting too cold,” McConnell said. “I suppose over decades and maybe centuries weíll figure this out,” he said. [<a href="http://blogs.courier-journal.com/watchdogearth/2012/07/06/mcconnell-dismisses-climate-change-science/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Courier Journal, 7/6/12</a>]Sen. Rand Paul (R-KY): “[Scientists] are making up their facts to fit their conclusions. They’ve already caught them doing this.” [<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cmqozUC4VWk" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Rally for the Republicans, 1/30/10</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">LOUISIANA</h2>Re3p. Rodney Alexander (R-LA-05): Introduced H.Res.954, a resolution that stated: “Whereas recent events have uncovered extensive evidence from the Climate Research Unit at the University of East Anglia in England (in this resolution referred to as the ‘CRU’) which involved many researchers across the globe discussing the destruction, altering, and hiding of data that did not support global warming claims.” [<a href="http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/111/hres974/text" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">H.Res.954, GovTrack, 12/8/09</a>]Rep. William Cassidy (R-LA-06): Rep. Bill Cassidy (R-LA) suggested that the cause of climate change “could just be a shift on the axis,” rather the increase in carbon dioxide pollution linked to climate change. [<a href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2011/12/16/390886/republican-house-profits-over-public-health/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">ThinkProgress, 12/16/11</a>]Rep. John Fleming (R-LA-04): “Quietly released scientific report without fanfare. Global warming, to the the extent that it ever existed, halted 16 years ago. So, what is Washington controlled by the radical environmental agenda?” [<a href="https://www.facebook.com/RepJohnFleming/posts/295555310545148" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Fleming Facebook Post, 10/14/12</a>]Rep. Steve Scalise (R-LA-01): Asked whether he worries that he could be wrong, Scalise cited an “increasing number of scientists who are raising major questions about the global warming theories.” Those doubts, he said, were only accelerated by the release of leaked e-mail messages last month from a leading climate scientist who suggested theories running counter to the view that human pollutants are causing global warming be eliminated or downplayed. [<a href="http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2009/12/rep_scalise_voices_fresh_doubt.html" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Times Picayune, 12/15/09</a>]Sen. David Vitter (R-LA): “I do not think the science clearly supports global warming theory.” [<a href="http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2009/12/rep_scalise_voices_fresh_doubt.html" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">KLFY, 10/28/10</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">MARYLAND</h2>Rep. Andy Harris (R-MD-01): Harris said there is a recent warming trend, but “I don’t understand or know, or I don’t believe anybody really knows, how to place that in historic perspective.” He also said human contribution to climate change “is also a complex question,” and that even if humans are contributing, “can you change that contribution given that we burn a lot of carbon-based products to create the energy we need to run the economy of the world?” [<a href="http://www.politico.com/story/2012/11/senate-panel-democrats-bash-climate-change-deniers-84412_Page2.html#ixzz2QqbAoa00" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Politico, 11/30/12</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">MICHIGAN</h2>Rep. Dan Benishek (R-MI-01): Despite overwhelming scientific evidence that humans are contributing to climate change, Rep. Benishek has said that climate change is “all baloney” and “just some scheme.” Pointing to his background as a general surgeon, Benishek claims he’s “a scientist” who has the expertise to know that climate change is “unproven science stuff.” [<a href="http://www.lcv.org/elections/dirty-dozen/2012/dan-benisheK.html" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">LCV Dirty Dozen, 7/24/12</a>]Rep. Dave Camp (R-MI-04): “What is the science of climate change? What can it definitively tell us? Can it say who is responsible for it? Can it tell us what impact we can have on it, and if we can, what are the results—both positive and negative? From what I have read, there remains a great deal of uncertainty with regard to the scientific evidence about climate change.” [<a href="http://camp.house.gov/news/documentprint.aspx?DocumentID=116803" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Opening Statement of Ranking Member Dave Camp, Hearing on Scientific Objectives for Climate Change Legislation</a>]Rep. Bill Huizenga (R-MI-02): “Today’s global warming doomsayers simply lack the scientific evidence to support their claims. A host of leaders in the scientific community have recognized that the argument for drastic anthropogenic global warming is no longer based on science, but is being driven by irrational fanaticism.” [<a href="http://vote-mi.org/politicianissue.aspx?state=mi&id=mihuizengabill&issue=busenvironment" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">VoteMI. Org</a>]Rep. Candice Miller (R-MI-10): “There is little doubt that the world’s climate is changing, because the climate has always changed. Just ask the dinosaurs or remember the ice age and how huge glaciers melting and moving formed our Great Lakes. The question is whether the current climate change is human-induced.” [<a href="http://candicemiller.house.gov/save-jobs-questionable-climate-rules" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Miller, 12/14/09</a>]Rep. Mike Rogers (R-MI-08): “Now, the disturbing disclosure that climate-science researchers may have altered temperature data to justify their desired results creates a new set of concerns about this job-killing legislation. Our committee has a responsibility to fully investigate these alarming reports of altered data and to determine if the results are completely accurate and based on true science.” [<a href="http://votesmart.org/public-statement/473373/rogers-wants-probe-of-reports-climate-data-altered" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Project Vote Smart, Rogers Statement, 12/3/09</a>]Rep. Fred Upton (R-MI-06): “Are any of those incurred costs actually going to impact the rising temperature under debate? The answer was no. No matter what we did between now and 2050 it, it, there was no real science to verify that it would reduce the temperature rise that some predicted. And that’s why we do need hearings [on the Climategate emails].” [<a href="http://thinkprogress.org/politics/2010/11/10/129493/upton-climate-hearings/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">ThinkProgress, 11/20/10</a>]Rep. Tim Walberg (R-MI-07): “I read scientists, editors…an equal number at the very least that say just the opposite that this is something that’s gone on for eons, that we go through these cycles.” [<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sEKfDBRDmUM" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Town Hall, 7/25/08</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">MINNESOTA</h2>Rep. Michelle Bachmann (R-MN-06): “Carbon dioxide, Mister Speaker, is a natural byproduct of nature. Carbon dioxide is natural. It occurs in Earth. It is a part of the regular lifecycle of Earth. In fact, life on planet Earth can’t even exist without carbon dioxide. So necessary is it to human life, to animal life, to plant life, to the oceans, to the vegetation that’s on the Earth, to the, to the fowl that — that flies in the air, we need to have carbon dioxide as part of the fundamental lifecycle of Earth.” [<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=IAaDVOd2sRQ" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Floor Speech, 4/22/09</a>]Rep. Erik Paulsen (R-MN-03): When asked if human beings are contributing to global warming, Paulsen said he wasn’t smart enough to know whether that’s true or not. [<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4-oTaJxyUeQ" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Minnesota Public Radio, 8/16/08</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">MISSISSIPPI</h2>Rep. Gregg Harper (R-MS-03): “I don’t believe that the science is at all settled on man-made global warming.” [<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VGgYk5H1yBo" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Mississippi State University Event, 11/2/12</a>]Sen. Roger Wicker (R-MS): “Science shows that there is an increase of carbon dioxide in Earth’s atmosphere. But it has not been compellingly proven that mankind is responsible for the rise in atmospheric CO2, nor is it clear what impact CO2 has on Earth’s temperatures.” [<a href="http://www.wicker.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Wicker Website, 12/14/09</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">MISSOURI</h2>Rep. Blaine Luetkemeyer (R-MO-03): Luetkemeyer’s legislation would prohibit U.S. contributions to the IPCC, which is nothing more than a group of U.N. bureaucrats that supports man-made claims on global warming that many scientists disagree with. Meanwhile, our very own Environmental Protection Agency recently reported that we are undergoing a period of worldwide cooling. [<a href="http://luetkemeyer.house.gov/news/documentprint.aspx?DocumentID=279631" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Luetkemeyer Website</a>]Rep. Vicky Hartzler (R-MO-04): “Enjoying another beautiful global warming day in Missouri! Rep. Skelton and the UN Summit need to quit their dist. of wealth for a hoax.” [<a href="https://twitter.com/VickyHartzler/statuses/6709535806" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Twitter, 12/15/09</a>]Rep. Ann Wagner (R-MO-02): “The field of climate science is in its relative infancy and it appears that some within the public policy world have made dubious assessments of scientific information in order to further their own political agenda. Our policy response to this dilemma should not be based on inconsistent and unsound science or driven by the fear of a supposed catastrophe.” [<a href="http://blogs.riverfronttimes.com/dailyrft/2013/05/ann_wagner_climate_change_congress_missouri.php" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Riverfront Times, 5/29/13</a>]Sen. Roy Blunt (R-MO): “There isn’t any real science to say we are altering the climate path of the earth.” [<a href="http://www.humanevents.com/2009/04/29/christian-leaders-condemn-hate-crimes-bill/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Human Events, 4/29/09</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">MONTANA</h2>Rep. Steve Daines (R-MT-At Large): In a radio interview with Montana Public Radio, Daines admits the climate is changing but questions the impacts by man, that there is “significant debate here,” the “jury is still out,” and brings up the debate of sun/solar cycles versus greenhouse gases. [<a href="http://www.montanapublicmedia.org/2012/11/interview-with-u-s-house-candidate-steve-daines/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Montana Public Radio, 12/2/12</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">NEBRASKA</h2>Rep. Lee Terry (R-NE-02): “There’s an argument here on the true impact of man… Is it really 97 to 3? I don’t think so.” [<a href="http://www.esquire.com/blogs/politics/xl-pipeline-pros-and-cons-11446071" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Esquire, 8/7/12</a>]Sen. Deb Fischer (R-NE): Asked about man-made climate change, Fischer immediately said, ‘I certainly don’t support cap-and-trade.’ She said she believes in weather change, but she said she does not believe man has a huge impact on the climate. [<a href="http://www.theindependent.com/news/local/fischer-kerrey-show-stark-differences-in-senate-debate/article_e76d8368-2b37-599e-8942-29fac0dc24c4.html" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">The Independent, 8/25/12</a>]Sen. Mike Johanns (R-NE): “There is a significant debate as to what role man plays in warming of the climate.” [<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8znE2lgdGk" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Nebraska Senate Debate, 8/23/08</a>]Rep. Adrian Smith (R-NE-03): In an interview with Nebraska Citizen, Rep. Smith was asked if he believes in global warming, to which he responded “No!” The reporter said that Rep. Smith believes many of the “facts” about global warming are in dispute. [<a href="http://www.necitizen.com/weblog/2005/11/interview_with_adrian_smith.html" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Nebraska Citizen, 11/22/05</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">NEW HAMPSHIRE</h2>Sen. Kelly Ayotte (R-NH): Asked if she believed in climate change, she said, “there is scientific evidence that demonstrates there is some impact from human activities. However I don’t think the evidence is conclusive.” [<a href="http://www.seacoastonline.com/articles/20100930-NEWS-9300410" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Sea Coast Online, 9/30/10</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">NEW JERSEY</h2>Rep. Scott Garrett (R-NJ-05): “The real question that still exists in a lot of people’s minds, experts and non-experts alike, on the area of global warming and what role the government should have in this realm… I’ve heard a number of experts on both sides of the equation on this issue and to me the evidence, the question is still out there.” [<a href="http://www.northjersey.com/news/state/093010_QA_with_North_Jersey_Congressional_candidates_Climate_change_and_what_to_do_about_it.html" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">North Jersey Q&A, 9/30/10</a>]Rep. Leonard Lance (R-NJ-07): “The disclosure of emails from the CRU is very troubling and merits a thorough and transparent investigation. Clearly there is a strong appearance that important scientific research may have been tainted by politics.” [<a href="http://lance.house.gov/index.cfm?sectionid=29&parentid=7&sectiontree=&itemid=283" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Lance Website, 12/3/09</a>]Rep. Jon Runyan (R-NJ-03): Many of Runyan’s views align with those of the national Republican Party, such as “getting government out of the way,” being hesitant about the science of global warming and prohibiting gay marriage. He also said he is against cap-and-trade, a system that would put limits on the amount of carbon companies can produce, which he believes would be disastrous by raising energy prices. [<a href="http://www.pressofatlanticcity.com/news/press/new_jersey/john-runyan-lays-out-views-on-eve-of-rd-congressional/article_1c893dea-3224-11df-909e-001cc4c002e0.html?mode=jqm" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Press of Atlantic City, 3/17/10</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">NEW MEXICO</h2>Rep. Steve Pearce (R-NM-02): “I think we ought to take a look at whatever the group is that measures all this, the IPCC, they don’t even believe the crap… why should the rest of be penalized in our standard of living for something that can’t be validated?” [<a href="http://dyn.politico.com/printstory.cfm?uuid=82C45B00-18FE-70B2-A8988EFE62E30EA4" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Politico, 8/18/10</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">NEW YORK</h2>Rep. Michael Grimm (R-NY-11): “I have been one of the guys who have been skeptical of global warming from the beginning. The jury is obviously still out on it. We see nothing but conflicting reports from across the globe. I’m not sure, I’m not a scientist.” [<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9fAiIlEjlsY" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Molinari Republican Club Debate, 3/13/10</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">NORTH CAROLINA</h2>Rep. Virginia Foxx (R-NC-05): North Carolina Republican Virginia Foxx referenced books by climate-change skeptics and lamented that some environmentalists “think that we, human beings, have more impact on the climate and the world than God does.” [<a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/04/07/climate-change-facts-myths_n_846255.html" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Huffington Post, 4/7/11</a>]Rep. Richard Hudson (R-NC-08): When asked if human activity is contributing to climate change, he responded no. [<a href="http://votesmart.org/candidate/political-courage-test/136448/richard-hudson/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Project Vote Smart Political Courage Survey</a>]Rep. Walter B. Jones (R-NC-03): “However, there is substantial disagreement regarding the extent of this warming, whether it’s caused by human activity or simply nature taking its course, and what solutions, if any, should be implemented. The bottom line is that the scientific community does not speak with one voice on this issue.” [<a href="http://www.crystalcoastteaparty.com/email-from-walter-b-jones-re-global-warming/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Crystal Coast Tea Party, Jones Letter, 12/17/09</a>]Rep. Robert Pittenger (R-NC-09): While the Earth is currently warming, the real question that should be asked is, “Can we do anything about it?” The answer is very little, since this cycle was occurring prior to the first human civilizations.” [<a href="http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1573587/posts" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Charlotte Observer, 2/7/06</a>]Sen. Richard Burr (R-NC): Sen. Richard Burr (R-N.C.) said he is skeptical of recent reports showing a threat of rising sea levels in his home state. [<a href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2010/09/13/174788/gop-senate-deniers/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">ThinkProgress, 9/13/10</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">NORTH DAKOTA</h2>Rep. Kevin Cramer (R-ND-At Large): When asked if he believed that human activity is contributing to climate change, Mr. Cramer answered “no” and went on to say: “The manipulation of free markets by economic policy disguised as environmental policy based on inconclusive science should not be tolerated. Free people producing energy other free people want and are willing to pay for should be the core of U.S. energy policy.” [<a href="http://votesmart.org/candidate/political-courage-test/444/kevin-cramer/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Project Vote Smart Political Courage Survey</a>]Sen. John Hoeven (R-ND): “Well, the science shows that there’s warming. There’s different opinions of exactly what’s causing it.” [<a href="http://www.epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=Hearings.LiveStream&Hearing_id=7badef5f-802a-23ad-4525-e7f73ab98c63%2520(at%2520105:45)" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Senate Environment and Public Works Committee Hearing</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">OHIO</h2>Rep. John Boehner (R-OH-08): “George, the idea that carbon dioxide is a carcinogen that is harmful to our environment is almost comical. Every time we exhale, we exhale carbon dioxide. Every cow in the world, you know, when they do what they do, you’ve got more carbon dioxide.” [<a href="http://abcnews.go.com/print?id=7373578" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">ABC News Transcript, 4/19/09</a>]Rep. Steve Chabot (R-OH-01): Climategate is “just another example of many in the press, and many in the academic/scientific community having bought into the whole global warming/climate change ‘religion,’ no matter what the facts are.” [<a href="http://stevechabot.com/blog/climate-scientists-behaving-badly/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Chabot, 12/16/09</a>]Rep. Bob Gibbs (R-OH-07): “It is clear that science has not been able to document what is happening and if human activity is causing a problem or not. Many scientists are on both sides of this issue and the proponents of climate change have not substantiated their findings based on sound science.” [<a href="http://www.seorf.ohiou.edu/_{voters/2010primary/VoterGuide-2010.pdf}" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">League of Women Voters 2010 Voters Guide</a>]Rep. Bill Johnson (R-OH-06): In another, more accurate, sense, Johnson is a man with a degree in computer science who is awash in oil and gas money and denies climate science, asserting in 2011, “I am not an alarmist that believes that greenhouse gas emissions coming from the coal industry are causing major problems.” [<a href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2013/06/06/2113571/gop-congressman-with-computer-science-degree-justifies-opposition-to-epa-rules-im-a-scientist/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">ThinkProgress, 6/6/13</a>]Rep. Steve Stivers (R-OH-15): Disagrees with the statement: “Man-made global warming is a scientific fact.” [<a href="http://www.nrdcactionfund.org/updates/congressional-candidates-views-on-clean-energy-climate-change-oh-15.html/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">NRDC Action Fund, 8/30/10</a>]Rep. Pat Tiberi (R-OH-12): GOP Rep. Pat Tiberi of Genoa Township doesn’t think there is a consensus among scientists about whether global warming is proven. [<a href="http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/national_world/2009/12/20/ohwarming.ART_ART_12-20-09_A3_J4G29E7.html" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Columbus Dispatch, 12/20/09</a>]Sen. Rob Portman (R-OH): “When you analyze all the data, there is a warming trend according to science. But the jury is out on the degree of how much is manmade.” [<a href="http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/insight/2010/07/25/jobs-vs--climate.html" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Columbus Dispatch, 7/25/10</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">OKLAHOMA</h2>Rep. Jim Bridenstine (R-OK-01): He downplayed the need for more climate research by noting that atmospheric temperatures have not risen over the last decade, and said temperatures coincide more with solar activity than with man-made factors. “Global temperatures stopped rising 10 years ago,” he said. “Global temperature changes, when they exist, correlate with sun output and ocean cycles.” He noted the Medieval Warm Period that happened “long before cars, power plants and the industrial revolution.” And he noted the Little Ice Age, which also happened irrespective of human activity.” Even climate change alarmists admit that the number of hurricanes hitting the U.S. and the number of tornado touchdowns have been on a slow decline for over 100 years,” he said. [<a href="http://bridenstine.house.gov/issues/energy" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">The Hill, 6/11/13</a>]Rep. James Lankford (R-OK-05): “This whole global warming myth will be exposed as what it really is — a way of control more than anything else. And that generation will be ticked.” [<a href="http://www.edmondsun.com/local/x1687380598/5th-District-candidates-united-against-cap-and-trade" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Edmond Sun, 2/16/10</a>]Sen. Tom Coburn (R-OK): “I’ve read the basic scientific studies, and a lot of it doesn’t add up for me.” [<a href="http://normantranscript.com/x1088167215/Coburn-Americans-need-leadership-self-reliance" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Norman Transcript, 8/21/12</a>]Sen. Jim Inhofe (R-OK): “I have offered compelling evidence that catastrophic global warming is a hoax. That conclusion is supported by the painstaking work of the nation’s top climate scientists.” [<a href="http://www.inhofe.senate.gov/epw-archive/press/bsen-inhofe-delivers-major-speech-on-the-science-of-climate-change/b-icatastrophic-global-warming-alarmism-not-based-on-objective-sciencei-ipart-2/i" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Inhofe, 7/9/03</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">PENNSYLVANIA</h2>Rep. Lou Barletta (R-PA-11): “You know there’s arguments on both sides. I’m not convinced that there’s scientific evidence that proves that. I believe there’s some that can also argue the opposite,” he said. [<a href="http://citizensvoice.com/news/despite-varying-views-kanjorski-barletta-agree-a-lot-on-energy-issues-1.1050145" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Citizens Voice, 10/17/10</a>]Rep. Charles Dent (R-PA-15): “I am concerned that world leaders and scientists are gathering in Copenhagen this week to potentially develop global climate treaties at a time when the international community is questioning the legitimacy of leading climate scientists.” “Unfortunately, the revelation of these deceitful emails has tarnished the credibility of significant scientific research.” [<a href="http://dent.house.gov/index.cfm?p=PressReleases&ContentRecord_id=9e887d43-b7f4-420d-bff0-827da4734d7f" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Dent Website, 12/7/09</a>]Rep. Tim Murphy (R-PA-18): “I think it is dangerous science for Congress to declare climate theory a fact.” [<a href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2011/03/15/174947/koch-committee-climate-denial/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">ThinkProgress, 3/15/11</a>]Rep. Keith Rothfus (R-PA-12): Keith Rothfus responded: “I do not believe it’s man-made and I am not convinced that it is a fact. I think the science is still out. I think for the last 15 years we haven’t had any warming.” to the question: “Do you believe that global warming which is now referred to as climate change is a fact, and if so do you believe that it is man-made? [<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UEUA2MYRI8U" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Roundtable Interview, 9/8/10</a>]Rep. Bill Shuster (R-PA-09): Today, Rep. Bill Shuster (R-PA) offered a new reason not to take action on global warming: it’s cold in Copenhagen, where the UN Climate Change Conference is currently taking place. [<a href="http://politicalcorrection.org/blog/200912150005" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Media Matters, 12/15/09</a>]Rep. Glenn Thompson (R-PA-05): “In the debate and most of the debate of the majority party here, it’s not so much based on real science as political science or even, to some degree, science fiction. And so, to look at why this–and I looked at every piece of legislation in terms of cost benefits. And when we look at the benefits of this, I think human activity, it’s acknowledged, does contribute towards carbon dioxide emissions. But it’s less than 4 percent. To put that into perspective, forest fires, wildfires contribute 10 percent of CO2 emissions. And so not even with the debate of, you know, are we warming the Earth or not warming the Earth, there’s a lot of smart folks out there that are publishing research or earning their dissertations based on debating that science. But what the experts agree upon, the researchers agree is, human activity is less than 4 percent contributes towards CO2 emissions.” [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CREC-2009-06-02/html/CREC-2009-06-02-pt1-PgH6063.htm" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Congressional Record, 6/2/09</a>]Sen. Patrick Toomey (R-PA): “My view is: I think the data is pretty clear. There has been an increase in the surface temperature of the planet over the course of the last 100 years or so. I think it’s clear that that has happened. The extent to which that has been caused by human activity I think is not as clear. I think that is still very much disputed and has been debated.” [<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=rlYlvR5x8F4" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">ThinkProgress Video, 10/8/10</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">SOUTH CAROLINA</h2>Rep. Jeff Duncan (R-SC-03): “The problem with the agency’s finding is that it relies on questionable science and ignores vigorous dissention among the scientific community. Even if we set aside the abundance of scientific dissention when it comes to the EPA’s endangerment findings or the supposed effects of CO2 on climate, the EPA’s regulations will not reduce CO2 enough to have any meaningful effect.” [<a href="http://www.jeffduncan.com/snews.php?n=21" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Duncan, 2012</a>]Rep. Trey Gowdy (R-SC-04): “Global warming has not been proven to the satisfaction of the constituents I seek to serve.” [<a href="http://www.goupstate.com/article/20100523/NEWS/100529899?p=1&tc=pg" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Go Upstate, 5/23/10</a>]Rep. Mick Mulvaney (R-SC-05): “Energy independence, green technology, and innovation is something we should pursue as a nation. However, we shouldn’t seek to accomplish that by taxing people based on questionable science. Neither should we ignore domestic energy resources — coal, natural gas, oil — because of baseless claims regarding global warming.” [<a href="http://www.mulvaneyforcongress.com/issues-2/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Mulvaney Website</a>]Rep. Joe Wilson (R-SC-02): When asked if he believes that human activity is contributing to climate change, Rep. Wilson answered “no.” [<a href="http://votesmart.org/candidate/political-courage-test/3985/joe-wilson-sr/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Project Vote Smart Political Courage Survey</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">SOUTH DAKOTA</h2>Sen. John Thune (R-SD): “I guess the answer to the question is I’m not sure,” Sen. John Thune (R-S.D.) told Politico when asked his views on climate science. “I think there’s a real mix of data on that. “Obviously, I think the question you have to ask yourself, one, is it occurring?” Thune added. “And even if you say ‘yes’ to that, two, is human activity contributing to it? And even if you say ‘yes’ to that, then three is what are we going to do about it and at what cost?” [<a href="http://www.politico.com/news/stories/1010/44139.html" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Politico, 10/25/10</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">TENNESSEE</h2>Rep. Diane Black (R-TN-06): “The far left-wing elements of this administration foresee a near future with carbon regulated as a pollutant and heavily taxed to discourage consumption and generate revenue. We must resist all of these radical approaches all geared to raise energy prices on American families and businesses.” [<a href="http://votesmart.org/public-statement/534481/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Project Vote Smart Issue Position</a>]Rep. Marsha Blackburn (R-TN-07): “Also absent from the discussion in Copenhagen is the climate-gate scandal. Recently leaked e-mails reveal climate scientists have a long track record of manipulating data to hide scientific evidence that contradicts the global warming establishment. And why? To bully citizens and lawmakers into supporting job-killing energy tax schemes. This scandal raises serious questions about the Democrat’s climate control plans, questions that deserve a transparent investigation, not a rush to judgment by the bureaucrats in Copenhagen.” [<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=Vzj0kXq8E4g" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Weekly Republican Address, 12/11/09</a>]Rep. John J. Duncan Jr. (R-TN-02): On his website, he lists 5 scientists that claim global warming is not real, including how global warming is “the greatest scam in history.” [<a href="http://duncan.house.gov/issue/environment-and-global-warming" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Duncan Website</a>]Rep. Chuck Fleischmann (R-TN-03): When asked his opinion about global warming in a candidate debate Thursday night, 3rd District Rep. Chuck Fleischmann, said this: “I think we ought to take Al Gore, put him on an iceberg, and put him way out there.” [<a href="http://www.timesfreepress.com/news/2012/jul/07/put-who-on-an-iceberg-chattanooga-times/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Times Free Press, 7/5/12</a>]Rep. Phil Roe (R-TN-01): “Many believe greenhouse gas emissions are contributing to the gradual warming of our planet and changing of our climate. While there are many questions surrounding the science of the issue, it seems to me like we could develop a solution that will reduce greenhouse gas emissions without inflicting catastrophic damage on our economy.” [<a href="http://votesmart.org/public-statement/549174/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Project Vote Smart Issue Position, 1/1/11</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">TEXAS</h2>Rep. Joe Barton (R-TX-06): “You’re not just off a little, you’re totally wrong,” said Texas Rep. Joe Barton, the leading Republican on the House Energy and Commerce Committee, as he challenged Gore’s conclusion that carbon dioxide emissions cause rising global temperatures. Barton and Gore’s exchange grew testy at one point — Barton demanding that Gore get to the point and Gore responding that he would like time to answer without being interrupted. “Global warming science is uneven and evolving,” Barton said. [<a href="http://www.nbcnews.com/id/17718399/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">MSNBC, 3/21/07</a>]Rep. Michael Burgess (R-TX-26): “My opinion, for what it is worth, is that the science behind global temperature changes is not settled.” [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CHRG-112hhrg66704/html/CHRG-112hhrg66704.htm" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Subcommittee on Energy and Power Hearing, 3/8/11</a>]Rep. John Carter (R-TX-31): “Global warming is simply a chicken-little scheme to use mass media and government propaganda to convince the world that destruction of individual liberties and national sovereignty is necessary to save mankind, and that the unwashed masses would destroy themselves without the enlightened global dictatorship of these frauds.” [<a href="http://carter.house.gov/op-eds/the-return-of-the-warmers/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Carter Website</a>]Rep. K. Michael Conaway (R-TX-11): “Science is never settled… they changed the phraseology because the climate isn’t warming.” [<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lIpqErN9LJU" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">House Floor, 6/29/09</a>]Rep. John Culberson (R-TX-07): “This week the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) decided that the air we exhale, carbon dioxide, is toxic and poses a danger to our well-being… While this blatant power grab is disappointing, the truly alarming part is that the scientific evidence the EPA used to support its conclusion comes directly from United Nations (U.N.) climate data — the same data that were recently found to have been deliberately manipulated to support the global warming movement. When EPA Administrator Lisa Jackson announced the proposed endangerment finding in April, she readily admitted that the agency “relied heavily upon the major findings and conclusions from recent assessments of the U.S. Climate Change Science Program and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.” Emails recently made public offer definitive proof of a collective effort among some U.N. scientists to misrepresent climate data in order to foist their political agenda onto the public.” [<a href="http://culberson.house.gov/hold-your-breath-texas/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Culberson, 12/9/09</a>]Rep. Blake Farenthold (R-TX-27): “Global warming is scare tactic used by groups with a political agenda. While I support protecting the environment, the green agenda pushes it way beyond common sense, with ideas like cap and trade which would destroy American industry.” [<a href="http://blake.com/?page_id=271" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Farenthold Website</a>]Rep. Bill Flores (R-TX-17): It is time we stopped putting petty politics based on dubious “agenda-driven, scientific” research ahead of creating more American energy.” [<a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20111218171003/http:/www.billfloresforcongress.com/energy" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Flores Campaign Website, 12/18/11</a>]Rep. Louie Gohmert (R-TX-01): “We’re finding out the world is staying the same or actually cooling.” [<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r7qMnuob5P4" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Washington News Observer Interview, 12/17/09</a>]Rep. Ralph Hall (R-TX-04): “I’m really more fearful of freezing. And I don’t have any science to prove that. But we have a lot of science that tells us they’re not basing it on real scientific facts.” [<a href="http://news.sciencemag.org/scienceinsider/2011/12/ralph-hall-speaks-out-on-climate.html" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Science Insider, 12/14/11</a>]Rep. Michael McCaul (R-TX-10): Co-sponsored H.Res.954, a resolution that stated: “Whereas recent events have uncovered extensive evidence from the Climate Research Unit at the University of East Anglia in England (in this resolution referred to as the ‘CRU’) which involved many researchers across the globe discussing the destruction, altering, and hiding of data that did not support global warming claims.” [<a href="http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/111/hres954/text" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">H.Res.954, GovTrack, 12/8/09</a>]Rep. Randy Neugebauer (R-TX-19): “What we have here is a case of formulating scientific findings that back up policy, instead of creating policy that is backed up by legitimate science. Proponents of man-made global warming in Congress will use every opportunity they have to invite witnesses to testify before Congress who only share their point of view. We now have clear evidence of what we knew all along, that there are perhaps thousands of scientists who don’t share these views, and sadly have been the subject of concerted efforts to discourage and suppress their findings from publication.” [<a href="http://randy.house.gov/randys-roundup/afghanistan-decision-approaches" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Neugebauer, 12/1/09</a>]Rep. Pete Olson (R-TX-22): “The emails that emerge from the University of East Anglia call into question the accuracy of the IPCC data.” [<a href="http://www.c-spanvideo.org/clip/3680018" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">C-SPAN Video, 12/8/09</a>]Rep. Ted Poe (R-TX-02): The consensus has been for some time that global warming, climate change, continues because man is the perpetrator. Now we are beginning to learn that may not be true, that there is not a consensus that there is global warming or climate change. We now have heard about Climategate, where the expert scientists hid emails in England that disagreed with the so-called consensus that there is global warming and global climate change. We have heard now new evidence that even NASA is involved in not revealing evidence that contradicts climate change. [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CREC-2009-12-15/html/CREC-2009-12-15-pt1-PgH14948.htm" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Congressional Record, 12/15/09</a>]Rep. Lamar Smith (R-TX-21): “Contrary to the claims of those who want to strictly regulate carbon dioxide emissions and increase the cost of energy for all Americans, there is a great amount of uncertainty associated with climate science. These uncertainties undermine our ability to accurately determine how carbon dioxide has affected the climate in the past. They also limit our understanding of how anthropogenic emissions will affect future warming trends. Further confusing the policy debate, the models that scientists have come to rely on to make climate predictions have greatly overestimated warming. Contrary to model predictions, data released in October from the University of East Anglia’s Climate Research Unit show that global temperatures have held steady over the past 15 years, despite rising greenhouse gas emissions. Among the facts that are clear, however, are that U.S. emissions contribute very little to global concentrations of greenhouse gas, and that even substantial cuts in these emissions are likely to have no effect on temperature.” [<a href="http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-05-19/opinions/39376700_1_emissions-carbon-dioxide-climate-change" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Smith Op-Ed, 5/19/13</a>]Rep. Steve Stockman (R-TX-36): “The new fad thing that’s going through America and around the world. It’s called global warming.” [<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1rXEIeyUjRw" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Stockman Video, 12/3/09</a>]Rep. Mac Thornberry (R-TX-13): “Global Warming: Politics or Science? Some scientists believe that the temperature of the Earth is increasing rapidly. Others, such as those at the United Kingdom’s Hadley Center for Climate Studies, say that the Earth’s temperature is not much different now than it was 50 or 100 years ago. The case that man is causing any change in temperature is even more hotly contested.” [<a href="https://thornberry.house.gov/emailarchive/26.htm" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Thornberry, 5/14/09</a>]Sen. John Cornyn (R-TX): “Taxpayer funded research by NASA and the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) concerning the warmest years on record has been the subject of dispute and after challenges, has been changed and re-released. What is less known is why the changes were made and what inherent flaws existed in the original data, if any. It is important to understand the reasons behind these alterations and further to avoid suspicion that data was massaged to fit the prescribed theory that global warming is attributable to man-made greenhouse gas emissions.” [<a href="http://www.cornyn.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?p=NewsReleases&ContentRecord_id=4d678d77-cf3a-483d-b55a-426830c34b42&ContentType_id=b94acc28-404a-4fc6-b143-a9e15bf92da4&Group_id=24eb5606-e2db-4d7f-bf6c-efc5df80b676&MonthDisplay=12&YearDisplay=2009" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Cornyn, 12/16/09</a>]Sen. Ted Cruz (R-TX): “There remains considerable uncertainty about the effect of the many factors that influence climate: the sun, the oceans, clouds, the behavior of water vapor (the main greenhouse gas), volcanic activity, and human activity. Nonetheless, climate-change proponents based their models on assumptions about those factors, and now we know that many of those assumptions were wrong.” [<a href="http://c3.thevoterguide.org/v/dallas12/race-detail.do?id=10253526" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Dallas News Voter Guide</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">UTAH</h2>Rep. Rob Bishop (R-UT-01): “Despite the fact that scientific data underlying the studies of global warming appear to have been manipulated to produce an intended outcome, EPA officials disregarded the contaminated science, calling it little more than a ‘blip on the history of this process.’” [<a href="http://robbishop.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=159376" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Bishop, 12/8/09</a>]Rep. Jason Chaffetz (R-UT-03): Chaffetz lambasts global warming (calling it “a farce”). [<a href="http://www.heraldextra.com/news/local/article_661bd2ba-a341-5940-aa5c-f3d765ac6155.html" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Daily Herald, 6/14/08</a>]Rep. Chris Stewart (R-UT-02): “The science regarding climate change is anything but settled.” [<a href="http://www.sltrib.com/sltrib/opinion/56130738-82/climate-global-stewart-regarding.html.csp" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">St. Louis Tribune, 4/13/13</a>]Sen. Orrin Hatch (R-UT): “There is also some disagreement among scientists as to whether global warming — regardless of its cause — would result in a net benefit or detriment to life on earth. Scientific studies demonstrate overwhelmingly that humans tend to fare better during warming spells than periods of cooling.” [<a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20091201233001/http:/hatch.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=Issuepositions.Home" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Hatch Website</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">VIRGINIA</h2>Rep. Eric Cantor (R-VA-07): “If there’s been any constant in human history, it’s been climate change. The real question is the severity of that and the involvement of human causes in all of that.” [<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YJb3xLLk4hQ" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">ThinkProgress Video, 12/7/09</a>]Rep. J. Randy Forbes (R-VA-04): “Elected officials need to depend on experts in the field to make determinations on the degree to which our planet is warming, and there is evidence among scientists and researchers pointing in both directions.” [<a href="http://www.timesdispatch.com/business/article_c99f5f98-f5f0-5f0b-8ccc-7b2cce7a8a72.html" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Times Dispatch, 7/4/10</a>]Rep. Bob Goodlatte (R-VA-06): “There is no doubt that the earth’s climate is changing. The earth and its climate are dynamic, and have changed throughout history even without human activity. We have reached a point where some experts concur that the earth is once again warming. Regardless of the reason, the debate over climate change should remind us that we should be good stewards of our planet.” [<a href="http://www.timesdispatch.com/business/article_c99f5f98-f5f0-5f0b-8ccc-7b2cce7a8a72.html" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Times Dispatch, 7/4/10</a>]Rep. Morgan Griffith (R-VA-09): “[Climate Change] led to the Vikings dominating Europe for several hundred years.” [<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y1MUMKQlLtM" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Climate Change Hearing, 3/8/11</a>]Rep. Robert Hurt (R-VA-05): Hurt said Climategate is “scientists who have given us something that is not true. It is faulty information and it has real consequences in the 5th District, in the loss of jobs and in power bills from Appalachian Power Co.” [<a href="http://www.dailyprogress.com/news/article_d930b154-0251-55b7-a67e-d150200557f9.html" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Daily Progress, 2/28/10</a>]Rep. Scott Rigell (R-VA-02): Does not believe that climate change is caused by human actions. [<a href="http://hamptonroads.com/2010/06/voter-guide-2nd-district-gop-candidates" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Hampton Roads, 6/3/10</a>]Rep. Rob Wittman (R-VA-01): “We must recognize that these climactic cycles of heating and cooling have been going on well before man appeared on earth.” [<a href="http://www.timesdispatch.com/business/article_c99f5f98-f5f0-5f0b-8ccc-7b2cce7a8a72.html" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Times Dispatch, 7/4/10</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">WASHINGTON</h2>Rep. Doc Hastings (R-WA-04): Hastings told the Columbia Basin Herald he understands global warming exists. He said the cause of global warming is the concern. Hastings said he is not convinced people and their actions are the cause of global warming and questions if it is a natural process because the earth has warmed and cooled many times throughout history. [<a href="http://www.dailykos.com/story/2008/02/28/465486/-Doc-Hastings-Concedes-Global-Warming" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Daily Kos, 2/27/08</a>]Rep. Cathy McMorris Rodgers (R-WA-05): “We believe Al Gore deserves an ‘F’ in science and an ‘A’ in creative writing.” [<a href="http://whitmanpioneer.com/news/2009/04/09/congresswoman-talks-climate-with-campus-group/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Whitman Pioneer, 4/9/09</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">WEST VIRGINIA</h2>Rep. Shelley Moore Capito (R-WV-02): Despite a widespread scientific consensus, the West Virginia Republican said she’s “not convinced” that human-caused emissions of carbon dioxide are leading to global warming that will alter the planet’s climate in ways that could be dangerous. “I’m looking at the studies, and trying to understand it,” Capito said in a phone interview. “But I’m not convinced that the urgencies or the doomsday predictions are factual.” [<a href="http://blogs.wvgazette.com/coaltattoo/2009/04/17/fact-check-capito-climate-change-and-the-carbon-cycle/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Charleston Gazette, 4/17/09</a>]Rep. David McKinley (R-WV-01): Many scientists have disavowed past climate change research, McKinley said, and he’s waiting for valid science to convince him there’s a problem and whether man is to blame. [<a href="http://blogs.wvgazette.com/coaltattoo/2010/10/20/1st-district-update-more-west-virginia-politicians-ignore-the-mounting-science-about-global-warming/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Charleston Gazette, 10/20/10</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">WISCONSIN</h2>Rep. Paul Ryan (R-WI-01): In a December 2009 op-ed during international climate talks, Ryan made reference to the hacked University of East Anglia Climatic Research Unit emails. He accused climatologists of a “perversion of the scientific method, where data were manipulated to support a predetermined conclusion,” in order to “intentionally mislead the public on the issue of climate change.” Because of spurious claims of conspiracy like these, several governmental and academic inquiries were launched, all of which found the accusations to be without merit. [<a href="http://paulryan.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=193671#.UbuAUvnvtyw" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Ryan Website, 12/11/09</a>]Rep. F. James Sensenbrenner (R-WI-05): “I think that the science is inconclusive on this… I personally believe that the solar flares are more responsible for climatic cycles than anything that human beings do and our lunar, our rovers on Mars have indicated that there has been a slight warming in the atmosphere of Mars and that certainly was not caused by the internal combustion engine.” [<a href="http://sensenbrenner.house.gov/uploadedfiles/wisn_jay_weber-_sensenbrenner_interview.mp3" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Sensenbrenner Website</a>]Sen. Ron Johnson (R-WI): “I absolutely do not believe in the science of man-caused climate change,” Johnson said. “It’s not proven by any stretch of the imagination. It’s far more likely that it’s sunspot activity or just something in the geologic eons of time.” [<a href="http://www.jsonline.com/multimedia/video/?bcpid=13960334001&bctid=590004292001" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">Journal Sentinel</a>]<h2 style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: 1; margin: 0px 0px 25px; overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">WYOMING</h2>Rep. Cynthia Lummis (R-WY-At Large): “We’re just beginning to explore what mankind’s role is in climate change, so I’d argue that the jury’s still out.” [<a href="http://wyofile.com/dustin/17804/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">WyoFile, 11/5/12</a>]Sen. John Barrasso (R-WY): When Barrasso was in college and medical school, he said, the “best science at the time said that the Ice Age is coming.” He referred to articles from Newsweek, the New York Times and Time magazine from 1974 and 1975 about the “global cooling” phenomenon. One of the articles said a major cooling of the climate is widely considered inevitable. “It’s fascinating to see the changes in the science,” Barrasso said. “Not that long ago, all the science was pointing in another direction. So all I’m saying is, how much of the wealth of this nation are we going to put at risk for something that may be poorly spent money?” [<a href="http://www.eenews.net/eedaily/stories/80327" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">E&E Daily, 7/16/09</a>Source: <a href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate-denier-caucus/" style="box-sizing: inherit; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s, background-color 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; font-weight: 600;">ThinkProgress</a>

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