axelrod, David

=<div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">David Axelrod</div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">@davidaxelrod</div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">In this crazy world, almost nothing is said about the fact that @realDonaldTrump is rehiring his 29-yr-old former body man, forced from the WH earlier for failing a vet & with no personnel background, to direct hiring ACROSS THE ENTIRE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT!https://www.axios.com/johnny-mcentee-white-house-d1c29eee-8b0a-4c4d-8ba4-9355f3c27f4f.html?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=newsletter_axiosam&stream=top …</div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Johnny McEntee</div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Ex-Trump aide John McEntee to lead White House office of personnel - Axios</div><div style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: large; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">He's been hand selected by Trump, who sees him as the ultimately loyalist.</div><div>
</div><div>=</div><div><div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="direction: ltr; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="mw-parser-output">David M. Axelrod (born February 22, 1955) is an American <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_operative" class="mw-redirect" title="Political operative" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">political operative</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_analyst" class="mw-redirect" title="Political analyst" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">political analyst</a>, best known as the Chief Strategist for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Barack Obama</a>'s presidential campaigns.After Obama's election, Axelrod was appointed as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senior_Advisor_to_the_President_of_the_United_States" title="Senior Advisor to the President of the United States" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Senior Advisor to the President</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-Politico_Axelrod_20081119-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[1]</a> Axelrod left the White House position in early 2011 and became the Senior Strategist for Obama's successful <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama_presidential_campaign,2012" title="Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2012" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">re-election campaign in 2012</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-Fox01-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[2]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-usnews-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a> He currently serves as the director of the non-partisan <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Institute_of_Politics" title="University of Chicago Institute of Politics" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Institute of Politics</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a> at the University of Chicago and is a Senior Political Commentator for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN" title="CNN" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">CNN</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-5" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[5]</a>He is a former political writer for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Chicago Tribune</a>, and the author of the New York Times bestselling memoir, Believer, My Forty Years in Politics,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-6" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[6]</a> which was published in 2015.<div id="toc" class="toc" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); padding: 7px; display: table; zoom: 1;"><div class="toctitle" style="direction: ltr; text-align: center;"><h2 style="background: none; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border: 0px; display: inline; line-height: 1.3;">Contents</h2>  [<a role="button" tabindex="0" class="togglelink" style="background: none; cursor: pointer;">hide</a>] </div><ul style="list-style-type: none; margin: 0.3em 0px; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none;"><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#Early_life" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">1Early life</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#Career" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2Career</a><ul style="list-style-type: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#Prior_to_first_Obama_campaign" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.1Prior to first Obama campaign</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#Barack_Obama_presidential_campaign,2008" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.2Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2008</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#Senior_Advisor_to_the_President,2009%E2%80%9311" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.3Senior Advisor to the President, 2009–11</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#Barack_Obama_presidential_campaign,2012" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.4Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2012</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#After_second_Obama_campaign" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.5After second Obama campaign</a></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#References" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">3References</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#External_links" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">4External links</a></li></ul></div><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;">Early life[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David_Axelrod&action=edit&section=1&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Early life" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h2>Axelrod was born on the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lower_East_Side" title="Lower East Side" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Lower East Side</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Manhattan</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">New York City</a>, and grew up in its <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Cooper_Village%E2%80%94Stuyvesant_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter Cooper Village—Stuyvesant Town" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Stuyvesant Town</a> area. He was raised in a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_Judaism" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Judaism" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">liberal</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish family" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Jewish family</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-7" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[7]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-8" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[8]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-9" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[9]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-reuters-2009-10-22-10" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[10]</a> His mother, Myril Bennett (née Davidson), was a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journalist" title="Journalist" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">journalist</a> at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PM(newspaper)" title="PM (newspaper)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">PM</a>, a liberal-leaning 1940s newspaper, and later an advertising executive at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young%26_Rubicam" title="Young & Rubicam" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Young & Rubicam</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-11" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[11]</a> His father, Joseph Axelrod, was a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychologist" title="Psychologist" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">psychologist</a> and avid baseball fan, who migrated from Eastern Europe to the United States at the age of eleven.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-12" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[12]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-postprofile-13" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[13]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-14" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[14]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-15" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[15]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-16" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[16]</a> He attended Public School 40 in Manhattan. Axelrod's parents separated when he was eight years old. Axelrod traces his political involvement back to his childhood. Describing the appeal of politics, he told the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Los Angeles Times</a>, "I got into politics because I believe in idealism. Just to be a part of this effort that seems to be rekindling the kind of idealism that I knew when I was a kid, it's a great thing to do. So I find myself getting very emotional about it."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-LAT01-17" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[17]</a> At thirteen years old, he was selling campaign buttons for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_F.Kennedy" title="Robert F. Kennedy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Robert F. Kennedy</a>. After graduating from New York's <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuyvesant_High_School" title="Stuyvesant High School" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Stuyvesant High School</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-postprofile-13" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[13]</a> in 1972, Axelrod attended the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">University of Chicago</a>, where he majored in Political Science.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-18" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[18]</a>As an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undergraduate_education#United_States_system" title="Undergraduate education" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">undergraduate</a>, Axelrod wrote for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyde_Park_Herald" title="Hyde Park Herald" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Hyde Park Herald</a>, covering politics, and earned an internship at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Chicago Tribune</a>. He lost his father to suicide in 1977, around the time of his graduation.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-Nation_Hayes_20070206-19" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[19]</a> While at the University of Chicago he met his future wife, business student Susan Landau, and they married in 1979. In June 1981, their first child, a daughter, was diagnosed with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epilepsy" title="Epilepsy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">epilepsy</a> at seven months of age.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-20" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[20]</a><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;">Career[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David_Axelrod&action=edit&section=2&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Career" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h2><h3 style="background: none; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Prior to first Obama campaign[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David_Axelrod&action=edit&section=3&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Prior to first Obama campaign" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h3>The Chicago Tribune hired Axelrod after his graduation from college. He worked there for eight years, covering national, state and local politics, becoming their youngest political writer in 1981. At 27, he became the City Hall Bureau Chief and a political columnist for the paper.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-21" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[21]</a> He left the Tribune and joined the campaign of U.S. Senator <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Simon(politician)" title="Paul Simon (politician)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Paul Simon</a> as communications director in 1984. Within weeks he was promoted to co-campaign manager.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-ChicagoTribune_Reardon_20070624-22" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[22]</a>In 1985, Axelrod formed the political consultancy firm, Axelrod & Associates. In 1987 he worked on the successful reelection campaign of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Washington" title="Harold Washington" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Harold Washington</a>, Chicago's first black <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayor_of_Chicago" title="Mayor of Chicago" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">mayor</a>, while spearheading Simon's campaign for the 1988 Democratic Presidential nomination. This established his experience in working with black politicians; he later became a key player in similar mayoral campaigns of black candidates, including <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis_Archer" title="Dennis Archer" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Dennis Archer</a> in Detroit, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_R.White" title="Michael R. White" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Michael R. White</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Cleveland</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_A.Williams" title="Anthony A. Williams" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Anthony A. Williams</a> in Washington, D.C., <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee_P.Brown" title="Lee P. Brown" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Lee P. Brown</a> in Houston, and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_F.Street" title="John F. Street" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">John F. Street</a> in Philadelphia.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-Nation_Hayes_20070206-19" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[19]</a> Axelrod is a longtime strategist for the former <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayor_of_Chicago" title="Mayor of Chicago" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Chicago Mayor</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_M.Daley" title="Richard M. Daley" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Richard M. Daley</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-economist-23" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[23]</a> and styles himself a "specialist in urban politics." <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The Economist</a> notes he also specializes in "packaging black candidates for white voters".<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-economist-23" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[23]</a>In January 1990, Axelrod was hired to be the media consultant for the all but official re-election campaign of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor_of_Oregon" title="Governor of Oregon" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Oregon Governor</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Goldschmidt" title="Neil Goldschmidt" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Neil Goldschmidt</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-24" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[24]</a> However, Goldschmidt announced in February that he would not seek re-election.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-25" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[25]</a> Axelrod was retained by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Party of Ontario" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Liberal Party of Ontario</a> to help <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalton_McGuinty" title="Dalton McGuinty" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Dalton McGuinty</a> and his party in 2002 to be elected into government in the October 2003 election. Axelrod's effect on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Ontario</a> was heard through the winning Liberal appeal to "working families" and placing an emphasis on positive policy contrasts like canceling corporate tax breaks to fund education and health.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-26" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[26]</a>In 2004, Axelrod worked for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edwards" title="John Edwards" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">John Edwards</a>' <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edwards_presidential_campaign,2004" title="John Edwards presidential campaign, 2004" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">presidential campaign</a>. He lost responsibility for making ads, but continued as the campaign's spokesman. Regarding Edwards' failed 2004 presidential campaign, Axelrod has commented, "I have a whole lot of respect for John, but at some point the candidate has to close the deal and—I can’t tell you why—that never happened with John."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-WashingtonPost_Montgomery_20070215-27" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[27]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-NYT_WallaceWells_20070401-28" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[28]</a>Axelrod contributed an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Op-ed" title="Op-ed" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">op-ed</a> to the Chicago Tribune in defense of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patronage" title="Patronage" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">patronage</a> after two top officials in the administration of longtime client Chicago Mayor <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_M.Daley" title="Richard M. Daley" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Richard M. Daley</a> were arrested for what federal prosecutors described as "pervasive fraud" in City Hall hiring and promotions.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-29" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[29]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-30" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[30]</a> In 2006, he consulted for several campaigns, including the successful campaigns of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliot_Spitzer" title="Eliot Spitzer" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Eliot Spitzer</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_gubernatorial_election,2006" title="New York gubernatorial election, 2006" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">New York's gubernatorial election</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deval_Patrick" title="Deval Patrick" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Deval Patrick</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election,2006" title="Massachusetts gubernatorial election, 2006" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Massachusetts's gubernatorial election</a>. Axelrod served in 2006 as the chief political adviser for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Congressional_Campaign_Committee" title="Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee</a> chair <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">U.S. Representative</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rahm_Emanuel" title="Rahm Emanuel" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Rahm Emanuel</a> for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections,2006" title="United States House of Representatives elections, 2006" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">U.S. House of Representatives elections</a>, in which the Democrats gained 31 seats.He was an Adjunct Professor of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Communication Studies" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Communication Studies</a> at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwestern_University" title="Northwestern University" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Northwestern University</a>, where, along with Professor Peter Miller, he taught an undergraduate class titled Campaign Strategy, analyzing political campaigns, and their strategies.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-31" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[31]</a> On June 14 2009 he received an honorary "Doctor of Humane Letters" degree from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DePaul_University" title="DePaul University" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">DePaul University</a>, speaking at the commencement exercises of the College of Communication and College of Computing and Digital Media.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-32" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[32]</a><h3 style="background: none; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2008[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David_Axelrod&action=edit&section=4&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2008" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h3><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable" style="font-style: italic; padding-left: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;">See also: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama_presidential_campaign,2008" title="Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2008" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2008</a></div>Axelrod first met Obama in 1992, when Bettylu Saltzman, a Chicago democrat, introduced the two of them after Obama had impressed her at a black voter registration drive that he ran. Obama consulted Axelrod before he delivered a 2002 anti-war speech,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-NYT_Becker_20080511-33" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[33]</a> and asked him to read drafts of his book, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Audacity_of_Hope" title="The Audacity of Hope" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The Audacity of Hope</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-NYT_Scott_20080518-34" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[34]</a>Axelrod contemplated taking a break from politics during the 2008 presidential campaign, as five of the candidates—<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Barack Obama</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Hillary Clinton</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edwards" title="John Edwards" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">John Edwards</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Dodd" title="Chris Dodd" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Chris Dodd</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Vilsack" title="Tom Vilsack" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Tom Vilsack</a>—were past clients. Personal ties between Axelrod and Hillary Clinton made it difficult, as she had raised significant funds for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epilepsy" title="Epilepsy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">epilepsy</a> on behalf of a foundation co-founded by Axelrod's wife and mother, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citizens_United_for_Research_in_Epilepsy" title="Citizens United for Research in Epilepsy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Citizens United for Research in Epilepsy</a> (CURE). (Axelrod's daughter suffers from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_disability" title="Developmental disability" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">developmental disabilities</a> associated with chronic epileptic <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seizure" class="mw-redirect" title="Seizure" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">seizures</a>.) Axelrod's wife even said that a 1999 conference Clinton convened to find a cure for the condition was "one of the most important things anyone has done for epilepsy."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-IHT_WallaceWells_20070330-35" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[35]</a> Axelrod ultimately decided to participate in the Obama campaign, and served as chief strategist and media advisor for Obama. He told The Washington Post, "I thought that if I could help Barack Obama get to Washington, then I would have accomplished something great in my life."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-postprofile-13" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[13]</a>Axelrod contributed to the initial announcement of Obama's campaign by creating a five-minute Internet video released January 16, 2007.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-YouTube_ObamaExplore_20070116-36" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[36]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-YouTube_Obama_20070116-37" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[37]</a> He continued to use <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vox_populi" title="Vox populi" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">"man on the street"</a>-style biographical videos to create intimacy and authenticity in the political ads.<div class="thumb tleft" style="float: left; clear: left; margin: 0.5em 1.4em 1.3em 0px; width: auto; background-color: transparent;"><div class="thumbinner" style="min-width: 100px; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 222px;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:David_Axelrod_at_Cleveland_Democratic_debate.jpg" class="image" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/David_Axelrod_at_Cleveland_Democratic_debate.jpg/220px-David_Axelrod_at_Cleveland_Democratic_debate.jpg" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/David_Axelrod_at_Cleveland_Democratic_debate.jpg/330px-David_Axelrod_at_Cleveland_Democratic_debate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/David_Axelrod_at_Cleveland_Democratic_debate.jpg/440px-David_Axelrod_at_Cleveland_Democratic_debate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /></a><div class="thumbcaption" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; text-align: left;"><div class="magnify" style="float: right; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 0px;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:David_Axelrod_at_Cleveland_Democratic_debate.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22" standalone="%22no%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" viewbox="%220" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" id="%22smallbox%22" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%23000%22%3E%0A" cpath="Cpath" d="%22M-1.499" h10.99v7.919h-10.99z="h10.99v7.919h-10.99z" e="E" a="A" h5.943v4.904h-5.943z="h5.943v4.904h-5.943z" g="g" display="display" block="block" text-indent="text-indent" px="px" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" overflow="overflow" hidden="hidden" user-select="user-select" none="none" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data" /></div><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:David_Axelrod_at_Cleveland_Democratic_debate.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent), url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22" standalone="%22no%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" viewbox="%220" width="width" height="height" cg="Cg" id="%22smallbox%22" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%23000%22%3E%0A" cpath="Cpath" d="%22M-1.499" h10.99v7.919h-10.99z="h10.99v7.919h-10.99z" e="E" a="A" h5.943v4.904h-5.943z="h5.943v4.904h-5.943z" g="g" display="display" block="block" text-indent="text-indent" px="px" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" overflow="overflow" hidden="hidden" user-select="user-select" none="none" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">Axelrod talking to reporters in the "spin room" after the Cleveland </a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party(United_States)presidential_debates,2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Party (United States) presidential debates, 2008" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Democratic debate</a> in February 2008</div></div></div>While the Clinton campaign chose a strategy that emphasized experience, Axelrod helped to craft the Obama campaign's main theme of "change." Axelrod criticized the Clinton campaign's positioning by saying that "being the consummate Washington insider is not where you want to be in a year when people want change...[Clinton's] initial strategic positioning was wrong and kind of played into our hands."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-Time_Tumulty_20080508-38" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[38]</a> The change message played a factor in Obama's <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa_Democratic_caucuses,2008" title="Iowa Democratic caucuses, 2008" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">victory</a> in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa_caucus" class="mw-redirect" title="Iowa caucus" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Iowa caucuses</a>. "Just over half of [Iowa's] Democratic caucus-goers said change was the No. 1 factor they were looking for in a candidate, and 51 percent of those voters chose Barack Obama," said <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN" title="CNN" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">CNN</a> senior political analyst <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Schneider(journalist)" title="Bill Schneider (journalist)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Bill Schneider</a>. "That compares to only 19 percent of 'change' caucus-goers who preferred Clinton."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-clintonmistakes-39" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[39]</a> Axelrod also believed that the Clinton campaign underestimated the importance of the caucus states. "For all the talent and the money they had over there," says Axelrod, "they—bewilderingly—seemed to have little understanding for the caucuses and how important they would become."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-clintonmistakes-39" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[39]</a> In the 2008 primary season, Obama won a majority of the states that use the caucus format.Axelrod is credited with implementing a strategy that encourages the participation of people, a lesson drawn partly from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Dean" title="Howard Dean" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Howard Dean</a>'s <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Dean_presidential_campaign,2004" title="Howard Dean presidential campaign, 2004" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2004 presidential campaign</a> as well as a personal goal of Barack Obama. Axelrod explained to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Rolling Stone</a>, "When we started this race, Barack told us that he wanted the campaign to be a vehicle for involving people and giving them a stake in the kind of organizing he believed in. According to Axelrod getting volunteers involved became the legacy of the campaign "<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-RollingStone_Dickinson_20080320-40" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[40]</a> This includes drawing on "<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_2.0" title="Web 2.0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Web 2.0</a>" technology and viral media to support a grassroots strategy. Obama's web platform allows supporters to blog, create their own personal page, and even phonebank from home. Axelrod's elaborate use of the Internet helped Obama to organize under-30 voters and build over 475,000 donors in 2007, most of whom were Internet donors contributing less than $100 each.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-Wired_Stirland20080214-41" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[41]</a> The Obama strategy stood in contrast to Hillary Clinton's campaign, which benefited from high name recognition, large donors and strong support among established Democratic leaders.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politico" title="Politico" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Politico</a> described Axelrod as 'soft-spoken' and 'mild-mannered'<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-Politico_Simon_20070320-42" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[42]</a> and it quoted one Obama aide in Chicago as saying, "Do you know how lucky we are that he is our <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Penn" title="Mark Penn" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Mark Penn</a>?"<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-Politico_Brown_20080427-43" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[43]</a> Democratic consultant and former colleague Dan Fee said of Axelrod, "He's a calming presence."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-Politico_Fitzgerald_20071230-44" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[44]</a> "He's not a screamer, like some of these guys," political advisor Bill Daley said of Axelrod in the Chicago Tribune. "He has a good sense of humor, so he's able to defuse things."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-45" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[45]</a> In June 2008, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">New York Times</a> described Axelrod as a "campaign guru" with an "appreciation for Chicago-style politics."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-46" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[46]</a><h3 style="background: none; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Senior Advisor to the President, 2009–11[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David_Axelrod&action=edit&section=5&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Senior Advisor to the President, 2009–11" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h3>
Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2012<span class="mw-editsection" style="background-color: initial; user-select: none; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; unicode-bidi: isolate;">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David_Axelrod&action=edit&section=6&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2012" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]On November 20, 2008, Obama named Axelrod as a Senior Advisor to his administration. His role included crafting policy and communicating the President's message in coordination with President Obama, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obama_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Obama Administration" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Obama Administration</a>, speechwriters, and the White House communications team.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-47" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[47]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-48" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[48]</a><h3 style="background: none; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;"></h3><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable" style="font-style: italic; padding-left: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;">See also: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama_presidential_campaign,2012" title="Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2012" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2012</a></div>Axelrod left his White House senior advisor post on January 28, 2011. He was a top aide to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama_presidential_campaign,2012" title="Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2012" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Obama's 2012 re-election campaign</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-Fox01-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[2]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-usnews-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a> Axelrod also stated that his job as Obama's chief campaign strategist in the 2012 campaign would be his final job as a political operative.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-49" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[49]</a><h3 style="background: none; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">After second Obama campaign[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David_Axelrod&action=edit&section=7&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: After second Obama campaign" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h3>
In 2014 Axelrod was appointed senior strategic adviser to the British <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_Party(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Labour Party</a> to assist party leader <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Miliband" title="Ed Miliband" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Ed Miliband</a> in the run-up to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election,2015" title="United Kingdom general election, 2015" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">2015 general election</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-53" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[53]</a>In January 2013, Axelrod established a bipartisan <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Institute_of_Politics" title="University of Chicago Institute of Politics" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Institute of Politics</a> at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">University of Chicago</a>, where he serves as director.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-50" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[50]</a> On 23 January 2013, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Stampa" title="La Stampa" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">La Stampa</a> reported that Axelrod was helping Italian prime minister <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario_Monti" title="Mario Monti" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Mario Monti</a> with his election campaign and had flown to Italy to meet with Monti ten days earlier.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-51" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[51]</a> Monti's coalition went on to come fourth with 10.5% of the vote in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_general_election,2013" title="Italian general election, 2013" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Italian general election, 2013</a>. On February 19, 2013, Axelrod joined <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">NBC News</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MSNBC" title="MSNBC" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">MSNBC</a> as a senior political analyst,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-52" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[52]</a> a position he held until September 2015 when he moved to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN" title="CNN" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">CNN</a>.He is the founder of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AKPD_Message_and_Media" title="AKPD Message and Media" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">AKPD Message and Media</a>, and operated ASK Public Strategies, now called ASGK Public Strategies, which were sold in 2009. In Feb. 2015 Axelrod's book Believer: My Forty Years in Politics was published.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-54" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[54]</a>[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">not in citation given</a>]In 2015, Axelrod began hosting a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_podcast" title="Political podcast" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">podcast</a> titled The Axe Files. He joined <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN" title="CNN" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">CNN</a> as a senior political commentator in September 2015.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_note-55" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[55]</a><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;">References[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David_Axelrod&action=edit&section=8&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: References" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h2><div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.3em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"><ol class="references" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 3.2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: inherit;"><li id="cite_note-Politico_Axelrod_20081119-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-Politico_Axelrod_20081119_1-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Smith, Ben (November 19, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politico.com/blogs/bensmith/1108/Axelrod_and_other_senior_staff.html?showall" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Ben Smith's Blog: Axelrod, and other senior staff"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politico" title="Politico" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Politico</a>. Retrieved August 11, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Ben+Smith%27s+Blog%3A+Axelrod%2C+and+other+senior+staff&rft.date=2008-11-19&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fblogs%2Fbensmith%2F1108%2FAxelrod_and_other_senior_staff.html%3Fshowall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-Fox01-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-Fox01_2-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:a</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-Fox01_2-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">b</a> <cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">MacCallum, Martha (February 2, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2011/02/02/axelrod-departs-white-house-prepares-new-mission-elect-obama/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Axelrod Departs the White House, Prepares for New Mission to Re-Elect Obama"</a>. FoxNews.com. Retrieved 2011-08-22.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FoxNews.com&rft.atitle=Axelrod+Departs+the+White+House%2C+Prepares+for+New+Mission+to+Re-Elect+Obama&rft.date=2011-02-02&rft.aulast=MacCallum&rft.aufirst=Martha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.foxnews.com%2Fpolitics%2F2011%2F02%2F02%2Faxelrod-departs-white-house-prepares-new-mission-elect-obama%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-usnews-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-usnews_3-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:a</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-usnews_3-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">b</a> <cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Walsh, Ken (November 12, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/news/blogs/Ken-Walshs-Washington/2012/11/12/the-elections-other-big-winner-david-axelrod" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"The Election's Other Big Winner: David Axelrod"</a>. US News.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=US+News&rft.atitle=The+Election%27s+Other+Big+Winner%3A+David+Axelrod&rft.date=2012-11-12&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fnews%2Fblogs%2FKen-Walshs-Washington%2F2012%2F11%2F12%2Fthe-elections-other-big-winner-david-axelrod&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://politics.uchicago.edu/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Institute of Politics | The University of Chicago"</a>. politics.uchicago.edu. Retrieved 2015-09-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=politics.uchicago.edu&rft.atitle=Institute+of+Politics+%7C+The+University+of+Chicago&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpolitics.uchicago.edu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-5" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2015/09/03/politics/david-axelrod-joins-cnn/index.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Former Obama adviser Axelrod joining CNN – CNNPolitics.com"</a>. CNN. Retrieved 2015-09-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Former+Obama+adviser+Axelrod+joining+CNN+%E2%80%93+CNNPolitics.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2015%2F09%2F03%2Fpolitics%2Fdavid-axelrod-joins-cnn%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-6" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thepenguinpress.com/book/believer-my-forty-years-in-politics/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Believer: My Forty Years in Politics | Penguin Press"</a>. Retrieved 2015-09-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Believer%3A+My+Forty+Years+in+Politics+%7C+Penguin+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthepenguinpress.com%2Fbook%2Fbeliever-my-forty-years-in-politics%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-7" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">MacAskill, Ewen (May 22, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/may/23/barackobama.uselections2008" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"He can be cut-throat. He believes that if you're in a race, you beat the other side by almost any means necessary"</a> – via The Guardian.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=He+can+be+cut-throat.+He+believes+that+if+you%27re+in+a+race%2C+you+beat+the+other+side+by+almost+any+means+necessary&rft.date=2008-05-22&rft.aulast=MacAskill&rft.aufirst=Ewen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2008%2Fmay%2F23%2Fbarackobama.uselections2008&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-8" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forward.com/news/breaking-news/309345/how-bibi-alienated-all-his-jewish-allies-at-the-white-house/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"How Bibi Alienated All His Jewish Allies at the White House"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+Bibi+Alienated+All+His+Jewish+Allies+at+the+White+House&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fforward.com%2Fnews%2Fbreaking-news%2F309345%2Fhow-bibi-alienated-all-his-jewish-allies-at-the-white-house%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-9" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Saul, Michael (June 22, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/2008/06/21/2008-06-21_david_axelrod_is_a_new_york_city_boy_who.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"David Axelrod is a New York City boy who has Barack Obama's ear"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daily_News(New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily News (New York)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Daily News</a>. New York. Retrieved 2011-04-15. <q style="quotes: " apos="apos">“Perched atop a mailbox near his family's apartment in Stuyvesant Town, 5-year-old David Axelrod watched intently as a charismatic John F. Kennedy rallied New Yorkers for his presidential campaign in the fall of 1960.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+News&rft.atitle=David+Axelrod+is+a+New+York+City+boy+who+has+Barack+Obama%27s+ear&rft.date=2008-06-22&rft.aulast=Saul&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2F2008%2F06%2F21%2F2008-06-21_david_axelrod_is_a_new_york_city_boy_who.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-reuters-2009-10-22-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-reuters-2009-10-22_10-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Jonas, Ilaina; Gralla, Joan (October 22, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE59L4W620091022" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"NY court rules against Stuyvesant Town owners"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Reuters</a>. Retrieved 2011-04-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=NY+court+rules+against+Stuyvesant+Town+owners&rft.date=2009-10-22&rft.aulast=Jonas&rft.aufirst=Ilaina&rft.au=Gralla%2C+Joan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FidUSTRE59L4W620091022&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-11" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/newstimes/obituary.aspx?pid=169209877" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Myril Axelrod Bennett Obituary"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_News-Times" title="The News-Times" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">News Times</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danbury,Connecticut" title="Danbury, Connecticut" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Danbury, Connecticut</a>. January 22, 2014. Retrieved 2015-11-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=News+Times&rft.atitle=Myril+Axelrod+Bennett+Obituary&rft.date=2014-01-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legacy.com%2Fobituaries%2Fnewstimes%2Fobituary.aspx%3Fpid%3D169209877&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-12" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-12" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation book" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Instaread (2015-03-05). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oh3wBgAAQBAJ&pg=PT5&lpg=PT5&dq=joseph+axelrod+eastern+europe&source=bl&ots=CcVI0CKcOu&sig=y0uv20O-Fi_NgfXvwgmLzsSrohw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjf-7qQ24DQAhWROsAKHTl2Cd8Q6AEILDAD#v=onepage&q=joseph%20axelrod%20eastern%20europe&f=false" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">Believer: My Forty Years in Politics by David Axelrod | A 15-minute Summary & Analysis: My Forty Years in Politics</a>. Instaread Summaries.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Believer%3A+My+Forty+Years+in+Politics+by+David+Axelrod+%7C+A+15-minute+Summary+%26+Analysis%3A+My+Forty+Years+in+Politics&rft.pub=Instaread+Summaries&rft.date=2015-03-05&rft.au=Instaread&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Doh3wBgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT5%26lpg%3DPT5%26dq%3Djoseph%2Baxelrod%2Beastern%2Beurope%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3DCcVI0CKcOu%26sig%3Dy0uv20O-Fi_NgfXvwgmLzsSrohw%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwjf-7qQ24DQAhWROsAKHTl2Cd8Q6AEILDAD%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Djoseph%2520axelrod%2520eastern%2520europe%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-postprofile-13" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-postprofile_13-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:a</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-postprofile_13-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">b</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-postprofile_13-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">c</a> <cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Kaiser, Robert G. (May 2, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/05/01/AR2008050103509.html?nav=hcmodule" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"The Player at Bat – David Axelrod, the Man With Obama's Game Plan, Is Also the Candidate's No. 1 Fan"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The Washington Post</a>. Retrieved May 6, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=The+Player+at+Bat+%E2%80%93+David+Axelrod%2C+the+Man+With+Obama%27s+Game+Plan%2C+Is+Also+the+Candidate%27s+No.+1+Fan&rft.date=2008-05-02&rft.aulast=Kaiser&rft.aufirst=Robert+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2008%2F05%2F01%2FAR2008050103509.html%3Fnav%3Dhcmodule&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-14" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-14" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Haq, Husna (2009-02-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boston.com/yourtown/newton/articles/2009/02/15/for_her_its_also_hail_to_my_son/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"A Newton mother's pride in Obama adviser David Axelrod – The Boston Globe"</a>. Boston.com. Retrieved 2014-02-11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+Newton+mother%27s+pride+in+Obama+adviser+David+Axelrod+%E2%80%93+The+Boston+Globe&rft.date=2009-02-15&rft.aulast=Haq&rft.aufirst=Husna&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.com%2Fyourtown%2Fnewton%2Farticles%2F2009%2F02%2F15%2Ffor_her_its_also_hail_to_my_son%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-15" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-15" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/1293766741.html?dids=1293766741:1293766741&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jun+24%2C+2007&author=PATRICK+T&pub=Chicago+Tribune&desc=The+Agony+and+the+Agony%3B+Renowned+political+guru+David+Axelrod+can+cap+his+career+by+helping+Barack+Obama+win+the+White+House.+But+will+it+calm+the+forces+driving+him%3F&pqatl=google" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"The Agony and the Agony"</a>. Pqasb.pqarchiver.com. 2007-06-24. Retrieved 2014-02-11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Agony+and+the+Agony&rft.date=2007-06-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpqasb.pqarchiver.com%2Fchicagotribune%2Faccess%2F1293766741.html%3Fdids%3D1293766741%3A1293766741%26FMT%3DABS%26FMTS%3DABS%3AFT%26type%3Dcurrent%26date%3DJun%2B24%252C%2B2007%26author%3DPATRICK%2BT%26pub%3DChicago%2BTribune%26desc%3DThe%2BAgony%2Band%2Bthe%2BAgony%253B%2BRenowned%2Bpolitical%2Bguru%2BDavid%2BAxelrod%2Bcan%2Bcap%2Bhis%2Bcareer%2Bby%2Bhelping%2BBarack%2BObama%2Bwin%2Bthe%2BWhite%2BHouse.%2BBut%2Bwill%2Bit%2Bcalm%2Bthe%2Bforces%2Bdriving%2Bhim%253F%26pqatl%3Dgoogle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-16" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-16" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Bell, Debra (December 2, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2008/12/02/10-things-you-didnt-know-about-david-axelrod" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"10 Things You Didn't Know About David Axelrod"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.News%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World Report" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">U.S. News & World Report</a>. Retrieved 2015-11-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+News+%26+World+Report&rft.atitle=10+Things+You+Didn%27t+Know+About+David+Axelrod&rft.date=2008-12-02&rft.aulast=Bell&rft.aufirst=Debra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2008%2F12%2F02%2F10-things-you-didnt-know-about-david-axelrod&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-LAT01-17" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-LAT01_17-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">La Ganga, Maria L. (February 15, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-axelrod15feb15,1,2986209.story" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"The man behind Obama's message"</a>. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved April 28, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+man+behind+Obama%27s+message&rft.date=2008-02-15&rft.aulast=La+Ganga&rft.aufirst=Maria+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fnews%2Fnationworld%2Fnation%2Fla-na-axelrod15feb15%2C1%2C2986209.story&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-18" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-18" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Greene, Melissa Fay (February 6, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenation.com/article/obamas-media-maven" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Obama's Media Maven"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Nation" title="The Nation" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The Nation</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Nation&rft.atitle=Obama%27s+Media+Maven&rft.date=2007-02-06&rft.aulast=Greene&rft.aufirst=Melissa+Fay&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenation.com%2Farticle%2Fobamas-media-maven&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-Nation_Hayes_20070206-19" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-Nation_Hayes_20070206_19-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:a</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-Nation_Hayes_20070206_19-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">b</a> <cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Hayes, Christopher (February 6, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenation.com/doc/20070219/hayes" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Obama's Media Maven"</a>. The Nation. Retrieved 2008-04-22.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Obama%27s+Media+Maven&rft.date=2007-02-06&rft.aulast=Hayes&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenation.com%2Fdoc%2F20070219%2Fhayes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-20" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-20" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parade.com/health/2009/02/susan-axelrod-CURE-epilepsy.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"I Must Save My Child"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parade_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Parade Magazine" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Parade Magazine</a>. February 15, 2009. Retrieved February 15, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I+Must+Save+My+Child&rft.pub=%27%27Parade+Magazine%27%27&rft.date=2009-02-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.parade.com%2Fhealth%2F2009%2F02%2Fsusan-axelrod-CURE-epilepsy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-21" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-21" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.akpdmedia.com/partners/daxelrod.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Partners—David Axelrod"</a>. AKPD Message and Media. Retrieved April 28, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Partners%E2%80%94David+Axelrod&rft.pub=AKPD+Message+and+Media&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.akpdmedia.com%2Fpartners%2Fdaxelrod.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-ChicagoTribune_Reardon_20070624-22" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-ChicagoTribune_Reardon_20070624_22-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Reardon, Patrick T. (June 24, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/chi-070620axelrod-htmlstory,1,3883059.htmlstory" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"The Agony and the Agony"</a>. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved April 4, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=The+Agony+and+the+Agony&rft.date=2007-06-24&rft.aulast=Reardon&rft.aufirst=Patrick+T.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fchi-070620axelrod-htmlstory%2C1%2C3883059.htmlstory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-economist-23" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-economist_23-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:a</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-economist_23-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/node/11965249" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"The Ax-man Cometh"</a>, The Economist, August 23, 2008. U.S. edition, p. 28.</li><li id="cite_note-24" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-24" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a>}<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://arcweb.sos.state.or.us/governors/goldschmidt/box203/box203_list.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" word-wrap="word-wrap" break-word="break-word" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">http://arcweb.sos.state.or.us/governors/goldschmidt/box203/box203_list.html</a> is no longer an active page; Box 203 of Goldschmidt's records are here <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://arcweb.sos.state.or.us/pages/records/governors/guides/state/goldschmidt/goldschmidtseries/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">[1]</a> but not apparently easily searchable.</li><li id="cite_note-25" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-25" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }Jaquiss, Nigel, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wweek.com/story.php?story=5091" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"The 30-Year Secret: A crime, a cover-up and the way it shaped Oregon"</a>, Willamette Week, May 12, 2004.</li><li id="cite_note-26" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-26" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Benzie, Robert (January 14, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thestar.com/News/World/USElection/article/293731" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"McGuinty and Obama share strategist"</a>. The Star. Toronto.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Star&rft.atitle=McGuinty+and+Obama+share+strategist&rft.date=2008-01-14&rft.aulast=Benzie&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.com%2FNews%2FWorld%2FUSElection%2Farticle%2F293731&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-WashingtonPost_Montgomery_20070215-27" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-WashingtonPost_Montgomery_20070215_27-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Montgomery, David (February 15, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/02/14/AR2007021401812.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Barack Obama's On-Point Message Man"</a>. Washington Post. Retrieved May 13, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Barack+Obama%27s+On-Point+Message+Man&rft.date=2007-02-15&rft.aulast=Montgomery&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2007%2F02%2F14%2FAR2007021401812.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-NYT_WallaceWells_20070401-28" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-NYT_WallaceWells_20070401_28-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Wallace-Wells, Ben (April 1, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/01/magazine/01axelrod.t.html?ref=politics" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Obama's Narrator"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved April 22, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Obama%27s+Narrator&rft.date=2007-04-01&rft.aulast=Wallace-Wells&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F04%2F01%2Fmagazine%2F01axelrod.t.html%3Fref%3Dpolitics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-29" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-29" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Axelrod, David (August 21, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2005-08-21/news/0508210353_1_political-appointees-shakman" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"A Well-oiled Machine; A system that works? Political debts contribute to better city services"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Chicago Tribune</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=A+Well-oiled+Machine%3B+A+system+that+works%3F+Political+debts+contribute+to+better+city+services&rft.date=2005-08-21&rft.aulast=Axelrod&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farticles.chicagotribune.com%2F2005-08-21%2Fnews%2F0508210353_1_political-appointees-shakman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-30" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-30" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Rhodes, Steve (January 7, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/politics/An_Axelrod_to_Grind.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"An Axelrod to Grind"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Los Angeles Times</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=An+Axelrod+to+Grind&rft.date=2010-01-07&rft.aulast=Rhodes&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbclosangeles.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2FAn_Axelrod_to_Grind.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-31" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-31" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/staff/david_axelrod/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">[2]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090122234325/http://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/staff/david_axelrod/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">Archived</a> January 22, 2009, at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Wayback Machine</a>.</li><li id="cite_note-32" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-32" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsline.depaul.edu/newslineadmin/anmviewer.asp?a=1112" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">Commencement '09</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DePaul_University" title="DePaul University" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">DePaul University</a> Newsline Online, May 20, 2009</li><li id="cite_note-NYT_Becker_20080511-33" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-NYT_Becker_20080511_33-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Becker, Jo; Christopher Drew (May 11, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/11/us/politics/11chicago.html?pagewanted=5&hp" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Obama's Pragmatic Politics, Forged on the South Side"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved May 12, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Obama%27s+Pragmatic+Politics%2C+Forged+on+the+South+Side&rft.date=2008-05-11&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=Jo&rft.au=Christopher+Drew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F05%2F11%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2F11chicago.html%3Fpagewanted%3D5%26hp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-NYT_Scott_20080518-34" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-NYT_Scott_20080518_34-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Scott, Janny (May 18, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/18/us/politics/18memoirs.html?pagewanted=3&hp" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Obama's Story, Written by Obama"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved May 18, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Obama%E2%80%99s+Story%2C+Written+by+Obama&rft.date=2008-05-18&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Janny&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F05%2F18%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2F18memoirs.html%3Fpagewanted%3D3%26hp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-IHT_WallaceWells_20070330-35" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-IHT_WallaceWells_20070330_35-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Wallace-Wells, Ben (March 30, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/03/30/news/obama.php" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"A star strategist offers Democrats a new vision"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Herald_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="International Herald Tribune" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">International Herald Tribune</a>. Retrieved May 6, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Herald+Tribune&rft.atitle=A+star+strategist+offers+Democrats+a+new+vision&rft.date=2007-03-30&rft.aulast=Wallace-Wells&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iht.com%2Farticles%2F2007%2F03%2F30%2Fnews%2Fobama.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-YouTube_ObamaExplore_20070116-36" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-YouTube_ObamaExplore_20070116_36-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zFBF5AeliNQ" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Biography of Barack Obama"</a> (Video from Barack Obama's exploratory committee). YouTube. January 16, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Biography+of+Barack+Obama&rft.date=2007-01-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DzFBF5AeliNQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-YouTube_Obama_20070116-37" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-YouTube_Obama_20070116_37-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Obama, Barack (January 16, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H5h95s0OuEg" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"My Plans for 2008"</a> (Obama's YouTube video announcement of that he would file papers on January 16, 2007 to form an exploratory committee). Retrieved November 11, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=My+Plans+for+2008&rft.date=2007-01-16&rft.au=Obama%2C+Barack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DH5h95s0OuEg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-Time_Tumulty_20080508-38" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-Time_Tumulty_20080508_38-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Tumulty, Karen (May 8, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/politics/article/0,8599,1738331,00.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"The Five Mistakes Clinton Made"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Time</a>. Retrieved November 2, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Five+Mistakes+Clinton+Made&rft.date=2008-05-08&rft.aulast=Tumulty&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fpolitics%2Farticle%2F0%2C8599%2C1738331%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-clintonmistakes-39" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;">^ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-clintonmistakes_39-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:a</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-clintonmistakes_39-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">b</a> <cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Crowley, Candy (January 4, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/01/03/iowa.dems/index.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Obama wins Iowa as candidate for change"</a>. CNN. Retrieved May 8, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Obama+wins+Iowa+as+candidate+for+change&rft.date=2008-01-04&rft.aulast=Crowley&rft.aufirst=Candy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2008%2FPOLITICS%2F01%2F03%2Fiowa.dems%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-RollingStone_Dickinson_20080320-40" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-RollingStone_Dickinson_20080320_40-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Dickinson, Tim (March 20, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/news/coverstory/obamamachineryofhope/page/2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"The Machinery of Hope"</a>. Rolling Stone. Retrieved April 28, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=The+Machinery+of+Hope&rft.date=2008-03-20&rft.aulast=Dickinson&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fnews%2Fcoverstory%2Fobamamachineryofhope%2Fpage%2F2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-Wired_Stirland20080214-41" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-Wired_Stirland20080214_41-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Stirland, Sarah Lai (February 14, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/politics/law/news/2008/02/potomac_primaries" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"The Tech of Obamamania: Online Phone Banks, Mass Texting and Blogs"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired(magazine)" title="Wired (magazine)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Wired</a>. Retrieved February 21, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wired&rft.atitle=The+Tech+of+Obamamania%3A+Online+Phone+Banks%2C+Mass+Texting+and+Blogs&rft.date=2008-02-14&rft.aulast=Stirland&rft.aufirst=Sarah+Lai&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fpolitics%2Flaw%2Fnews%2F2008%2F02%2Fpotomac_primaries&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-Politico_Simon_20070320-42" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-Politico_Simon_20070320_42-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Simon, Roger (March 20, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0307/3213.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"The Democrats Turn Tough—on Each Other"</a>. Politico.com. Retrieved May 8, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Democrats+Turn+Tough%E2%80%94on+Each+Other&rft.date=2007-03-20&rft.aulast=Simon&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fnews%2Fstories%2F0307%2F3213.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-Politico_Brown_20080427-43" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-Politico_Brown_20080427_43-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Brown, Carrie Budoff (April 27, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0408/9891.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Obama team remains unshaken and unstirred"</a>. Politico.com. Retrieved April 28, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Obama+team+remains+unshaken+and+unstirred&rft.date=2008-04-27&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Carrie+Budoff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fnews%2Fstories%2F0408%2F9891.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-Politico_Fitzgerald_20071230-44" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-Politico_Fitzgerald_20071230_44-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Fitzgerald, Thomas (December 30, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080107034227/http://www.philly.com/inquirer/politics/national/12923012.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Helping hone Obama's pitch"</a>. Politico.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philly.com/inquirer/politics/national/12923012.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">the original</a> on January 7, 2008. Retrieved May 7, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Helping+hone+Obama%27s+pitch&rft.date=2007-12-30&rft.aulast=Fitzgerald&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.philly.com%2Finquirer%2Fpolitics%2Fnational%2F12923012.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-45" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-45" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Reardon, Patrick T. (June 24, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071225183700/http://www.chicagotribune.com/features/magazine/chi-070620axelrod-htmlstory%2C0%2C3477242.htmlstory" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"The Agony and the Agony"</a>. Chicago Tribune. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagotribune.com/features/magazine/chi-070620axelrod-htmlstory,0,3477242.htmlstory" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">the original</a> on December 25, 2007. Retrieved May 7, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=The+Agony+and+the+Agony&rft.date=2007-06-24&rft.aulast=Reardon&rft.aufirst=Patrick+T.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2Ffeatures%2Fmagazine%2Fchi-070620axelrod-htmlstory%2C0%2C3477242.htmlstory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-46" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-46" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Powell, Michael (June 4, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/04/us/politics/04obama.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Calm in the Swirl of History"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">New York Times</a>. p. A1. Retrieved September 5, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Calm+in+the+Swirl+of+History&rft.pages=A1&rft.date=2008-06-04&rft.aulast=Powell&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F06%2F04%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2F04obama.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-47" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-47" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7744745.stm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Obama 'to unveil economic team'"</a>. November 24, 2008 – via bbc.co.uk.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Obama+%27to+unveil+economic+team%27&rft.date=2008-11-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fbusiness%2F7744745.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-48" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-48" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagobusiness.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=9999200031891" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Axelrod to join Obama White House"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Axelrod+to+join+Obama+White+House&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagobusiness.com%2Fapps%2Fpbcs.dll%2Farticle%3FAID%3D9999200031891&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-49" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-49" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Libit, Daniel (September 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagomag.com/Chicago-Magazine/September-2011/David-Axelrods-Last-Campaign/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"David Axelrod's Last Campaign"</a>. Chicago magazine. Retrieved 2012-04-13.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chicago+magazine&rft.atitle=David+Axelrod%27s+Last+Campaign&rft.date=2011-09&rft.aulast=Libit&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagomag.com%2FChicago-Magazine%2FSeptember-2011%2FDavid-Axelrods-Last-Campaign%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-50" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-50" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Johnson, Dirk (9 January 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagomag.com/Chicago-Magazine/February-2013/David-Axelrod-on-His-Move-to-the-University-of-Chicago/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"David Axelrod on His Move to the University of Chicago"</a>. Chicago Magazine. Retrieved 20 February2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Magazine&rft.atitle=David+Axelrod+on+His+Move+to+the+University+of+Chicago&rft.date=2013-01-09&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Dirk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagomag.com%2FChicago-Magazine%2FFebruary-2013%2FDavid-Axelrod-on-His-Move-to-the-University-of-Chicago%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-51" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-51" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurizio_Molinari" title="Maurizio Molinari" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Molinari, Maurizio</a> (23 January 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lastampa.it/2013/01/23/esteri/lastampa-in-english/new-client-for-obama-guru-axelrod-italian-pm-mario-monti-in-showdown-with-berlusconi-ATRrfwSGM7EA3FJSgMjNJK/pagina.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"New Client For Obama Guru Axelrod: Italian PM Mario Monti, In Showdown With Berlusconi"</a>. La Stampa. Retrieved 19 April 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Stampa&rft.atitle=New+Client+For+Obama+Guru+Axelrod%3A+Italian+PM+Mario+Monti%2C+In+Showdown+With+Berlusconi&rft.date=2013-01-23&rft.aulast=Molinari&rft.aufirst=Maurizio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lastampa.it%2F2013%2F01%2F23%2Festeri%2Flastampa-in-english%2Fnew-client-for-obama-guru-axelrod-italian-pm-mario-monti-in-showdown-with-berlusconi-ATRrfwSGM7EA3FJSgMjNJK%2Fpagina.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-52" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-52" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dailycaller.com/2013/02/19/david-axelrod-joins-msnbc-nbc-news/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"David Axelrod joins MSNBC, NBC News"</a>. The Daily Caller. Retrieved 19 February 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=David+Axelrod+joins+MSNBC%2C+NBC+News&rft.pub=%27%27The+Daily+Caller%27%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdailycaller.com%2F2013%2F02%2F19%2Fdavid-axelrod-joins-msnbc-nbc-news%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-53" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-53" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Wintour" title="Patrick Wintour" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Wintour, Patrick</a> (17 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/apr/17/ed-miliband-david-axelrod-adviser-2015-election" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Ed Miliband signs up top Obama adviser David Axelrod for UK election"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theguardian.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Theguardian.com" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">theguardian.com</a>. Retrieved 17 April 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=theguardian.com&rft.atitle=Ed+Miliband+signs+up+top+Obama+adviser+David+Axelrod+for+UK+election&rft.date=2014-04-17&rft.aulast=Wintour&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2014%2Fapr%2F17%2Fed-miliband-david-axelrod-adviser-2015-election&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-54" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-54" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation news" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;">Rifkin, Jesse. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/02/05/obama-axelrod-book_n_6622988.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"David Axelrod Book Reveals Behind-The-Scenes Drama Of Obama Campaign And Presidency"</a>. Huffington Post.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=David+Axelrod+Book+Reveals+Behind-The-Scenes+Drama+Of+Obama+Campaign+And+Presidency&rft.aulast=Rifkin&rft.aufirst=Jesse&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2F2015%2F02%2F05%2Fobama-axelrod-book_n_6622988.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li id="cite_note-55" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#cite_ref-55" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up^{</a> }<cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2015/09/03/politics/david-axelrod-joins-cnn/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"Former Obama adviser Axelrod joining CNN as senior political commentator"</a>. CNN. Retrieved 3 September 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Former+Obama+adviser+Axelrod+joining+CNN+as+senior+political+commentator&rft.pub=%27%27CNN%27%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2015%2F09%2F03%2Fpolitics%2Fdavid-axelrod-joins-cnn%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li></ol></div><h2 style="background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;">External links[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David_Axelrod&action=edit&section=9&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: External links" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h2><table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="clear: right; float: right; margin: 4px 0px 4px 1em; box-sizing: border-box; width: 238px; line-height: 1.25em; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249); border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170);"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image" style="border: none; padding: 2px 0px 2px 0.9em; text-align: center;"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" width="30" height="40" class="noviewer" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" /></td><td class="mbox-text plainlist" style="border: none; padding: 0.25em 0.9em; width: 166.844px;">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:David_Axelrod" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:David Axelrod" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">David Axelrod</a>.</td></tr></tbody></table><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; 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background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">Appearances</a> on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">C-SPAN</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://charlierose.com/videos/interview/10927" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">David Axelrod</a> on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlie_Rose(TV_series)" title="Charlie Rose (TV series)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Charlie Rose</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style: inherit; word-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/a/david_axelrod/index.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">"David Axelrod collected news and commentary"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The New York Times</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=David+Axelrod+collected+news+and+commentary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftopics.nytimes.com%2Ftop%2Freference%2Ftimestopics%2Fpeople%2Fa%2Fdavid_axelrod%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Axelrod" class="Z3988" /></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-no2009-158151" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">Works by or about David Axelrod</a> in libraries (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WorldCat" title="WorldCat" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">WorldCat</a> catalog)</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/chi-070620axelrod-htmlstory,0,7217326.htmlstory" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">The Agony and The Agony</a>, Patrick T. Reardon, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Chicago Tribune</a>, June 24, 2007</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/jul/27/barackobama.uselections20081" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">Profile: David Axelrod</a>, Ned Temko, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The Guardian</a>, July 27, 2008</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/27/us/politics/27axelrod.html?hp" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">Long by Obama’s Side, an Adviser Fills a Role That Exceeds His Title</a>, Jeff Zeleny, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The New York Times</a>, October 26, 2008</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/09/us/politics/09axelrod.html?hp" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">President’s Political Protector Is Ever Close at Hand</a>, Jeff Zeleny, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The New York Times</a>, March 8, 2009</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://politics.uchicago.edu/pages/axefiles" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">The Axe Files</a>, Axelrod's podcast.</li></ul><table class="wikitable succession-box" style="background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); margin: 0.5em auto; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); border-collapse: collapse; clear: both;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3" style="border-width: 5px 1px 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(204, 204, 255) rgb(162, 169, 177) rgb(162, 169, 177); border-image: initial; padding: 0.2em 0.4em; background-color: rgb(234, 236, 240); text-align: center;">Political offices</th></tr><tr style="text-align: center;"><td rowspan="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em; width: 174.375px;">Preceded by
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Steven_Jackson" title="Barry Steven Jackson" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Barry Jackson</a></td><td rowspan="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em; width: 236.375px;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senior_Advisor_to_the_President_of_the_United_States" title="Senior Advisor to the President of the United States" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Senior Advisor to the President</a>
2009–2011
Served alongside: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valerie_Jarrett" title="Valerie Jarrett" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Valerie Jarrett</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pete_Rouse" title="Pete Rouse" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Pete Rouse</a></td><td rowspan="1" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0.2em 0.4em; width: 174.375px;">Succeeded by
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Plouffe" title="David Plouffe" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">David Plouffe</a></td></tr></tbody></table><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Obama_administration_personnel" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); width: 1358px; clear: both; text-align: center; padding: 3px; margin: 1em auto 0px; background: rgb(253, 253, 253);"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" id="collapsibleTable0" style="width: 1350px; border-spacing: 0px; background: transparent;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em; text-align: center; background: rgb(204, 204, 255);">[<a id="collapseButton0" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">show</a>]<div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini" style="font-weight: normal; float: left; 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text-decoration-line: none; text-decoration-style: initial; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-caps: small-caps; background: none transparent; box-shadow: none;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Obama_administration_personnel" style="margin: 0px 4em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_Barack_Obama" title="Presidency of Barack Obama" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">Obama administration personnel</a></div></th></tr></tbody></table></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="CNN_personnel" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); width: 1358px; clear: both; text-align: center; padding: 3px; margin: -1px auto 0px; background: rgb(253, 253, 253);"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" id="collapsibleTable4" style="width: 1350px; border-spacing: 0px; background: transparent;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em; text-align: center; background: rgb(204, 204, 255);">[<a id="collapseButton4" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">show</a>]<div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini" style="font-weight: normal; float: left; text-align: left; margin-right: 0.5em;"><ul style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E%0A%09%3Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229.5%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%2300528c%22/%3E%0A%3C/svg%3E%0A" display="display" inline="inline" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" line-height="line-height" inherit="inherit" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li class="nv-view" style="margin: 0px; display: inline; word-spacing: -0.125em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:CNN_personnel" title="Template:CNN personnel" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="View this template" style="border: none; cursor: inherit; text-decoration-line: none; text-decoration-style: initial; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-caps: small-caps; background: none transparent; box-shadow: none;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk" style="margin: 0px; display: inline; word-spacing: -0.125em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:CNN_personnel" title="Template talk:CNN personnel" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="border: none; cursor: inherit; text-decoration-line: none; text-decoration-style: initial; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-caps: small-caps; background: none transparent; box-shadow: none;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit" style="margin: 0px; display: inline; word-spacing: -0.125em;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:CNN_personnel&action=edit" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none !important; padding: 0px !important;"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="border: none; cursor: inherit; text-decoration-line: none; text-decoration-style: initial; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-caps: small-caps; background: none transparent; box-shadow: none;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="CNN_personnel" style="margin: 0px 4em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN" title="CNN" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">CNN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_CNN_personnel" title="List of CNN personnel" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">personnel</a></div></th></tr></tbody></table></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="MSNBC_personalities" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); width: 1358px; clear: both; text-align: center; padding: 3px; margin: -1px auto 0px; background: rgb(253, 253, 253);"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" id="collapsibleTable5" style="width: 1350px; border-spacing: 0px; background: transparent;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em; text-align: center; background: rgb(204, 204, 255);">[<a id="collapseButton5" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Axelrod#" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">show</a>]<div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini" style="font-weight: normal; float: left; text-align: left; margin-right: 0.5em;"><ul style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E%0A%09%3Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229.5%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%2300528c%22/%3E%0A%3C/svg%3E%0A" display="display" inline="inline" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" line-height="line-height" inherit="inherit" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li class="nv-view" style="margin: 0px; display: inline; word-spacing: -0.125em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:MSNBC_personalities" title="Template:MSNBC personalities" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="View this template" style="border: none; cursor: inherit; text-decoration-line: none; text-decoration-style: initial; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-caps: small-caps; background: none transparent; box-shadow: none;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk" style="margin: 0px; display: inline; word-spacing: -0.125em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:MSNBC_personalities" title="Template talk:MSNBC personalities" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="border: none; cursor: inherit; text-decoration-line: none; text-decoration-style: initial; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-caps: small-caps; background: none transparent; box-shadow: none;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit" style="margin: 0px; display: inline; word-spacing: -0.125em;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:MSNBC_personalities&action=edit" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none !important; padding: 0px !important;"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="border: none; cursor: inherit; text-decoration-line: none; text-decoration-style: initial; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-caps: small-caps; background: none transparent; box-shadow: none;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="MSNBC_personalities" style="margin: 0px 4em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MSNBC" title="MSNBC" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">MSNBC</a> personalities</div></th></tr></tbody></table></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); width: 1358px; clear: both; text-align: center; padding: 3px; margin: -1px auto 0px; background: rgb(253, 253, 253);"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="width: 1350px; border-spacing: 0px; background: transparent;"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; background: rgb(221, 221, 255); width: 99.375px;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Authority control</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="line-height: 1.5em; border-color: rgb(253, 253, 253); background: transparent; border-left-width: 2px; border-left-style: solid; width: 1224px; padding: 0px;"><div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"><ul style="margin: 0px; padding: 0.125em 0px; list-style-image: url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%225%22" height="%2213%22%3E%0A%09%3Ccircle" cx="%222.5%22" cy="%229.5%22" r="%222.5%22" fill="%22%2300528c%22/%3E%0A%3C/svg%3E%0A" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data"><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/101480313" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">WorldCat Identities</a></li><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">VIAF</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/101480313" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">101480313</a></li><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">LCCN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2009158151" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">no2009158151</a></li><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISNI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000071575320" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">0000 0000 7157 5320</a></li><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" title="Integrated Authority File" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">GND</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1069186449" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">1069186449</a></li><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">SUDOC</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/189029064" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">189029064</a></li><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIBSYS" class="mw-redirect" title="BIBSYS" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">BIBSYS</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/15025554" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">15025554</a></li><li style="margin: 0px; display: inline;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute_for_Advanced_Technology_in_the_Humanities" title="Institute for Advanced Technology in the Humanities" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">IATH</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://socialarchive.iath.virginia.edu/ark:/99166/w6hg34rz" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: linear-gradient(transparent, transparent) right center no-repeat, url(" data:image="data:image" svg="svg" xml="xml" c="C" fxml="Fxml" version="%221.0%22" encoding="%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg" width="%2212%22" height="%2212%22%3E%0A%09%3Cpath" fill="%22%23fff%22" stroke="%22%2336c%22" d="%22M9.995" h5.982v10.5h1.5z="h5.982V10.5H1.5z" e="E" a="A" cpath="Cpath" h11v5.39l9.427="H11v5.39L9.427" l-1.31-1.31l5.393="l-1.31-1.31L5.393" l-2.69-2.688="l-2.69-2.688" l4.2="L4.2" z="z" l.022="l.022" l8.2="L8.2" l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z="l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" xmlns="%22http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%22" xmlns:data="data">w6hg34rz</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); padding: 5px; margin-top: 1em; clear: both;"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Categories</a>: <ul style="list-style: none none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline;"><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 0px; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0.25em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:1955_births" title="Category:1955 births" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">1955 births</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:American_campaign_managers" title="Category:American campaign managers" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">American campaign managers</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:American_columnists" title="Category:American columnists" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">American columnists</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:American_male_writers" title="Category:American male writers" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">American male writers</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:American_podcasters" title="Category:American podcasters" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">American podcasters</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:American_political_writers" title="Category:American political writers" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">American political writers</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Jewish_American_writers" title="Category:Jewish American writers" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Jewish American writers</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Barack_Obama_presidential_campaign,2008" title="Category:Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2008" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2008</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Barack_Obama_presidential_campaign,2012" title="Category:Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2012" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2012</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Chicago_Tribune_people" title="Category:Chicago Tribune people" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Chicago Tribune people</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Living people</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:New_York(state)Democrats" title="Category:New York (state) Democrats" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">New York (state) Democrats</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Obama_administration_personnel" title="Category:Obama administration personnel" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Obama administration personnel</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:People_from_Manhattan" title="Category:People from Manhattan" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">People from Manhattan</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Senior_Advisors_to_the_President" title="Category:Senior Advisors to the President" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Senior Advisors to the President</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Stuyvesant_High_School_alumni" title="Category:Stuyvesant High School alumni" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Stuyvesant High School alumni</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:United_States_presidential_advisors" title="Category:United States presidential advisors" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">United States presidential advisors</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:University_of_Chicago_alumni" title="Category:University of Chicago alumni" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">University of Chicago alumni</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Writers_from_Chicago" title="Category:Writers from Chicago" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Writers from Chicago</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em; zoom: 1;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:People_from_Oak_Park,_Illinois" title="Category:People from Oak Park, Illinois" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">People from Oak Park, Illinois</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div>===</div></div>