Elsevier

Jul 22, 2023 07:19 PM

else vier = else four

Elsevier (Dutch: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Dutch" title="Help:IPA/Dutch" >[ˈɛlzəviːr]</a>) is a Dutch <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic_publishing" title="Academic publishing" >academic publishing</a> company specializing in scientific, technical, and medical content. Its products include journals such as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Lancet" title="The Lancet" >The Lancet</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell(journal)" title="Cell (journal)" >Cell</a>, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ScienceDirect" title="ScienceDirect" >ScienceDirect</a> collection of electronic journals, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trends(journals)" title="Trends (journals)" >Trends</a>, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current_Opinion_(Elsevier)" title="Current Opinion (Elsevier)" >Current Opinion</a> series, the online citation database <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scopus" title="Scopus" >Scopus</a>, the SciVal tool for measuring research performance, the ClinicalKey search engine for clinicians, and the ClinicalPath evidence-based cancer care service. Elsevier's products and services include digital tools for data management, instruction, research analytics, and assessment.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsevier#cite_note-4" >[4]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsevier#cite_note-5" >[5]</a>

Elsevier is part of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RELX_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="RELX Group" >RELX Group</a>, known until 2015 as Reed Elsevier, a publicly-traded company. According to RELX reports, in 2022 Elsevier published more than 600,000 articles annually in over 2,800 journals;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsevier#cite_note-RELX-1" >[1]</a> as of 2018 its archives contained over 17 million documents and 40,000 e-books, with over one billion annual downloads.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsevier#cite_note-RELX_2018_Report-6" >[6]</a>

Researchers have criticized Elsevier for its high profit margins and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright_policies_of_academic_publishers" title="Copyright policies of academic publishers" >copyright practices</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsevier#cite_note-boyc-7" >[7]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsevier#cite_note-Swoger_2013-8" >[8]</a> The company earned £942 million in profit with an adjusted <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_margin" title="Operating margin" >operating margin</a> of 37% in 2018.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsevier#cite_note-relx-results-press-release-2018-9" >[9]</a> Much of the research that Elsevier publishes is publicly funded; its high costs have led to accusations of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rent-seeking" title="Rent-seeking" >rent-seeking</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsevier#cite_note-10" >[10]</a> boycotts, and the rise of alternate avenues for publication and access, such as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preprint" title="Preprint" >preprint</a> servers and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadow_library" title="Shadow library" >shadow libraries</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsevier#cite_note-Resnick_2019-11" >[11]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsevier#cite_note-Buranyi_2017-12" >[12]</a>

Elsevier

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