An Encapsulation

1. The act of enclosing in a capsule; the growth of a membrane around (any part) so as to enclose it in a capsule.
2. (programming, object-oriented programming) Grouping together an object’s ‘state’ (its data) and the operations that may alter or interrogate it (its methods).^[1]
3. (networking) The process of arranging data into packets that can be transmitted using a given protocol.