An Excess

1. The state of surpassing or going beyond limits; the being of a measure beyond sufficiency, necessity, or duty; that which exceeds what is usual or proper
2. The degree or amount by which one thing or number exceeds another; remainder.
3. An undue indulgence of the appetite; transgression of proper moderation in natural gratifications; intemperance; dissipation.
4. (geometry) Spherical excess, the amount by which the sum of the three angles of a spherical triangle exceeds two right angles. The spherical excess is proportional to the area of the triangle.
5. (Britain, insurance) A condition on an insurance policy by which the insured pays for a part of the claim.

(state of surpassing limits):

(US, insurance): deductible

deficiency