A Diagonalization

In <a href="https://en.m.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=matrix_algebra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="matrix algebra (page does not exist)" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Nimbus Sans L", Arial, "Liberation Sans", sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(221, 51, 51);">matrix algebra</a>, the process of converting a square <a href="https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/matrix" title="matrix" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Nimbus Sans L", Arial, "Liberation Sans", sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(107, 75, 161);">matrix</a> into a diagonal matrix, usually to find the <a href="https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/eigenvalue" title="eigenvalue" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Nimbus Sans L", Arial, "Liberation Sans", sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(107, 75, 161);">eigenvalues</a> of the matrix.