An Argument

Lingual Usages:

Argument (complex analysis) - Wikipedia

1. (countable, also figuratively) A fact or statement used to support a proposition; a reason.
   1. (logic, philosophy) A series of propositions organized so that the final proposition is a conclusion which is intended to follow logically from the preceding propositions, which function as premises.
2. (countable) A process of reasoning; argumentation.
3. (countable) An abstract or summary of the content of a literary work such as a book, a poem or a major section such as a chapter, included in the work before the content itself; (figuratively) the contents themselves.
4. (countable) A verbal dispute; a quarrel. Synonyms: dispute
5. (by extension, humorous or euphemistic) Any dispute, altercation, or collision.
6. (countable, linguistics) Any of the phrases that bears a syntactic connection to the verb of a clause.
7. (countable, mathematics)
   1. The independent variable of a function.
   2. The phase of a complex number.
   3. (also astronomy) A quantity on which the calculation of another quantity depends.
8. (countable, programming)
   1. A value, or a reference to a value, passed to a function. Synonyms: actual argument, passed parameter
   2. A parameter at a function call; an actual parameter, as opposed to a formal parameter.
9. (countable, obsolete)
   1. A matter in question; a business in hand.
   2. The subject matter of an artistic representation, discourse, or writing; a theme or topic.
10. (uncountable, archaic) Evidence, proof; (countable) an item of such evidence or proof.

Usage notes

see false, stupid, deceptive

• (parameter at a function call): some authors regard the use of argument to mean “formal parameter” to be imprecise, preferring that argument be used to refer only to the value that is used to instantiate the parameter at runtime, while parameter refers only to the name in the function definition that will be instantiated.

Philosophy:

Deductive Argument:

Inductive Argument: