4. Flows, Resources & Constraints

Lens: Analyze how resources move through the system and where constraints appear.

• Resource stocks & flows: Money, workforce, information, supplies, and patients; major stocks (beds, workforce, data repositories, inventory).
• Bottlenecks & capacity constraints: Recurrent overloads (EDs, ICUs, primary care, labs, mental health).
• Delays & lags: Policy-to-practice delays, training and education lags, infrastructure and IT implementation times.
• Information flows & transparency: Access to data, timeliness, accuracy, interoperability, and actionability.