Kidney yang

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Kidney Yang relates especially to the adrenaline-like secretions of the adrenal medulla as well as some androgenic hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex, thyroid hormone, and growth hormone from the anterior pituitary gland. Kidney yang is also effected by the secretion of erythropoietin by cells in the kidneys and to a lesser extent, the liver, which which stimulates the bone marrow to create erthrocytes.
 Besides having three of the basic TCM kidney symptoms, kidney yang deficiency has three or more prominent indications from the following:

<ul>

<li>coldness lack of libido</li>

<li>impotence, sterility frequent, clear urine</li>

<li>dribbling urine night urination</li>

<li>spermatorrhea premature ejaculation </li>

<li>lack of spirit </li>

<li>general debilitation </li>

<li>edema of the lower limbs </li>

<li>thin, slow, weak pulse</li>

<li>thin, whitish, moist tongue fur</li>

</ul>

Coldness refers not only to the atmospheric sensation but also to general hypometabolic function throughout the body. Lack of sympathetic stimulation from the adrenal medulla is one cause of coldness and hypometabolic function. The adrenal medulla secretes two stimulating catecholamines --- about 80% epinephrine and the rest norepinephrine. The importance of the these secretions is in their relationship to the sympathetic nervous system and the ability thereby to rally visceral response to appropriate stimuli throughout the body including most of the internal organs and glands of the body.