Xanthohumol

Xanthohumol (XN) is a natural compound found in the female inflorescences of the hop plant (Humulus lupulus). It's also found in beer. XN is the main prenylated flavonoid of hops.

XN has several beneficial effects, including:

• Antioxidant
• Anti-inflammatory
• Immunosuppressive
• Chemopreventive
• Hypoglycemic
• Anticancer
• Hepatoprotective
• Lowers body weight and fasting plasma glucose

XN is important for human health because of its biological activity. It's been attributed with the following properties:

Anti-inflammatory, Antimicrobial, Diuretic, Digestive, Sedative, Progestogenic, Cure for insomnia.

Hops extracts have been used safely in doses of up to 300 mg daily for up to 3 months

ARTICLES/STUDIES

Age-related Cognitive Decline

• Xanthohumol treatment modulated the inflammation and apoptosis of aged brains, exerting a protective effect on damage induced by aging.

Antioxidant

Xanthohumol induces ROS through NADPH oxidase, causes cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.

Antiviral

Xanthohumol is a potent pan-inhibitor of coronaviruses.

Blood Sugar

• Xanthohumol is a promising α-glucosidase inhibitor, which therefore could be used as functional food to alleviate postprandial hyperglycemia.

Cancer

• Xanthohumol: An underestimated, while potent and promising chemotherapeutic agent in cancer treatment.
• Mechanisms of the antiangiogenic activity by the hop flavonoid xanthohumol: NF-kappaB and Akt as targets.
• Xanthohumol from hop: Hope for cancer prevention and treatment.
• Xanthohumol upregulated miR-204-3p and induced apoptosis in **glioma** cells.
• Xanthohumol regulates miR-4749-5p-inhibited RFC2 signalling in enhancing temozolomide cytotoxicity to **glioblastoma**.
• Xanthohumol suppresses **glioblastoma** via modulation of Hexokinase 2 -mediated glycolysis
• These findings support the assumption that Xanthohumol has anti-carcinogenic properties in humans.
• This study elucidates the molecular mechanisms of the anti-angiogenic activity of xanthohumol.
• Antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity of xanthohumol and its non-estrogenic derivatives in **colon and hepatocellular carcinoma** cell lines.
• Xanthohumol, a compound derived from hops and found within beer, exhibits anticancer activity against human **breast cancer** cell lines.
• Xanthohumol, a compound derived from hops, inhibits proliferation and migration of **liver cancer** cells.
• Xanthohumol, a compound found within hops, induces programmed cell death in CLL cell lines.
• Analyzing bioactive effects of the minor hop compound xanthohumol C on human **breast cancer** cells using quantitative proteomics.
• Xanthohumol increases death receptor 5 expression and enhances apoptosis with the TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand in **neuroblastoma** cell lines.
• Xanthohumol induces DNA damages in **colorectal cancer** cells and sensitizes SW480 cells to the SN38 chemotherapeutic agent.
• Our findings indicate that targeting survivin for degradation might a promising strategy for OSCC treatment.
• Xanthohumol targets the ERK1/2‑Fra1 signaling axis to reduce cyclin D1 expression and inhibit **non‑small cell lung cancer**.
• Xanthohumol inhibits **non-small cell lung cancer** by activating PUMA-mediated apoptosis.
• Xanthohumol targets the JNK1/2 signaling pathway in apoptosis of human **nasopharyngeal carcinoma** cells.

Cardiovascular

• Xanthohumol modulates calcium signaling in rat ventricular myocytes, with possible antiarrhythmic properties.
• Xanthohumol inhibits TGF-β1-induced cardiac fibroblasts activation via mediating PTEN/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway.
• Regular consumption of xanthohumol through fortified beer modulates major remodelling pathways activated in experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension.
• Bioavailability and cardiometabolic effects of xanthohumol: evidence from animal and human studies.

Cerebrovascular

Xanthohumol protects neuron from cerebral ischemia injury in experimental stroke.

Diabetes

• These findings suggest xanthohumol as a promising new strategy for preventing diabetic osteopathy
• Dietary prenylated flavonoid xanthohumol alleviates oxidative damage and accelerates diabetic wound healing via Nrf2 activation.

Eyes

Xanthohumol Protects Morphology and Function in a Mouse Model of Retinal Degeneration

Hepatoprotective

• Xanthohumol, a compound derived from hops, inhibits hepatic inflammation and fibrosis.
• Dietary XN suppressed SREBP-1 target gene expression in the liver accompanied by a reduction of the mature form of hepatic SREBP-1, inhibiting the development of obesity and hepatic steatosis.

Leishmaniasis

• These data show that Xanthohumol may have antileishmanial activity.

Metabolic Syndrome

• Micellar solubilization enhanced the bioavailability and beneficial effects of xanthohumol on different components of the metabolic syndrome.

Neuroprotective

Oral treatment with Xanthohumol may have a neuroprotective role. In Alzheimer’s

Oral Health

Xanthohumol exerts anti-inflammatory effects in an in vitro model of mechanically stimulated cementoblasts.

Osteoporosis

Hops extract and xanthohumol ameliorate bone loss induced by iron overload via activating Akt/GSK3β/Nrf2 pathway.