alpha-Tocopherol
Alpha-tocopherol is the most biologically active form of vitamin E, a group of fat-soluble compounds essential for various bodily functions. It's found naturally in many foods and also available as a dietary supplement.
Roles and Benefits:
- Antioxidant activity: Alpha-tocopherol acts as a potent antioxidant, protecting cells from damage caused by free radicals. This helps reduce oxidative stress, potentially contributing to the prevention of chronic diseases like heart disease and certain cancers.
- Immune system support: Some studies suggest alpha-tocopherol may play a role in supporting immune function by enhancing immune cell activity.
- Maintaining nervous system health: Alpha-tocopherol contributes to nerve function and healthy nerve signaling, potentially playing a role in preventing nerve damage.
- Other potential benefits: Research explores additional potential benefits in alleviating symptoms of certain skin conditions, promoting wound healing, and preventing age-related macular degeneration, but evidence remains inconclusive.
Dietary Sources:
- Alpha-tocopherol is naturally found in various foods, including:
- Vegetable oils (sunflower, safflower, soybean)
- Nuts and seeds (almonds, sunflower seeds, peanuts)
- Green leafy vegetables (spinach, kale)
- Whole grains (wheat germ, brown rice)
- Avocados and mangoes
Supplementation:
- Alpha-tocopherol supplements are also available in various forms like capsules, softgels, and liquids.
- However, it's important to remember that excessive supplementation exceeding recommended daily intake may not provide additional benefits and might have potential side effects.
Articles/Studies
- Foods high in alpha-tocopherol
- Molecular aspects of alpha-tocopherol antioxidant action and cell signaling
- High-Dosage Vitamin E Supplementation May Increase All-Cause Mortality
- A European multicentre, placebo-controlled supplementation study with alpha-tocopherol, carotene-rich palm oil, lutein or lycopene; analysis of serum responses.
Alzheimer’s
Anti-inflammatory
Anti-inflammatory properties of alpha- and gamma-tocopherol.
Cancer
- Regulation of α-tocopherol on NFκB and Nrf2 signaling pathway at early stage of N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine⁃induced human esophageal cell carcinoge...
- Antioxidants Accelerate Lung Cancer Progression in Mice.
- Long-term use of supplemental multivitamins, vitamin C, vitamin E, and folate does not reduce the risk of lung cancer.
- Vitamin E intake and the lung cancer risk among female nonsmokers: a report from the Shanghai Women’s Health Study
- Progression From High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia to Cancer: A Randomized Trial of Combination Vitamin-E, Soy, and Selenium.
- Supplemental and dietary vitamin E, B-carotene, and vitamin C intakes and prostate cancer risk
- Effect of selenium and vitamin E on risk of prostate cancer and other cancers: the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT).
- Vitamin E and selenium supplementation and risk of prostate cancer in the Vitamins and lifestyle (VITAL) study cohort.
- Vitamins C and E and Beta Carotene Supplementation and Cancer Risk: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- Dietary alpha-, beta-, gamma- and delta-tocopherols in lung cancer risk.
- Prostate cancer and supplementation with alpha-tocopherol and B-carotene: incidence and mortality in a controlled trial
- Prospective evaluation of vitamin E for hot flashes in breast cancer survivors.
- Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta carotene Cancer Prevention Study Group. The effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers.
- Vitamin E neuroprotection for cisplatin neuropathy: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial
- Regulation of α-tocopherol on NFκB and Nrf2 signaling pathway at early stage of N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine⁃induced human esophageal cell carcinoge..
Cardiovascular
- Vitamin E Supplementation and the Risk of Heart Failure in Women.
- Vitamins E and C in the prevention of cardiovascular disease in men. The Physicians’ Health Study II Randomized Controlled Trial.
Cerebrovascular
Effects of vitamin E on stroke subtypes: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
Liver Effects
- Effect of vitamin E or metformin for treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children and adolescents: the TONIC randomized controlled trial
- Pioglitazone, vitamin E, or placebo for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Neurological
Effects of tocopherol and deprenyl on the progression of disability in early Parkinson’s disease
Other effects
Alpha-tocopherol depletion exacerbates lipopolysaccharide-induced reduction of grip strength.