CEFR Levels
Below is a full CEFR → English grammar → 1‑year structure, then we zoom in to Q1, then to Month 1 with weekly vocabulary lists and example sentences based on high‑frequency words.
1. CEFR Levels Overview (for English)
| A1 | Beginner | Understand and use very basic everyday expressions; introduce yourself; ask/answer simple questions about personal details. |
| A2 | Elementary | Communicate in simple, routine tasks; describe your background, environment, basic needs in simple terms. |
| B1 | Intermediate | Deal with most situations while travelling; produce simple connected text; describe experiences, dreams, plans, and opinions. |
| B2 | Upper‑intermediate | Understand main ideas of complex texts; interact fluently and spontaneously; produce clear, detailed text on many topics. |
| C1 | Advanced | Understand demanding, longer texts; express ideas fluently and spontaneously; use language flexibly and effectively. |
| C2 | Proficient | Understand virtually everything heard or read; summarize information; express yourself very fluently, precisely and subtly. |
Key competencies referenced by CEFR:
- Listening / Reading: range of texts, level of detail understood.
- Spoken interaction / production: fluency, accuracy, complexity.
- Writing: range of structures, cohesion, accuracy, and style.
2. CEFR → English Grammar Map
A1 (Beginner)
Grammar focus:
- Verb “to be” (am/is/are); basic word order.
- Subject pronouns, possessive adjectives (my, your…).
- Singular/plural; articles:
a/an/the(basic). - Present Simple (I work, he works) – positive, negative, questions.
- There is/there are.
- Have got; can (ability); like/love/hate (basic).
- Demonstratives (this/that/these/those).
- Basic prepositions (in, on, at, under, next to).
- Basic question words (who, what, where, when, how, why).
- Object pronouns (me, you, him…).
- Very basic frequency adverbs (always, sometimes, never).
Skills: introduce self, family, daily routine, likes/dislikes, simple descriptions (people, objects, places).
A2 (Elementary)
Grammar focus:
- Present Simple vs Present Continuous.
- Past Simple (regular + common irregular verbs).
- Countable/uncountable nouns; some/any, much/many, a lot of.
- Comparative and superlative adjectives.
- Future with
be going to+will(basic). - Modals: can/can’t, must/mustn’t, have to/don’t have to (basic use).
- Adverbs of frequency, degree (very, quite, really).
- Basic connectors: and, but, because, so.
- Object pronouns, possessive pronouns (mine, yours).
- Basic word order in questions, short answers.
Skills: talk about past experiences, future plans, give simple reasons, describe routine, tell simple stories.
B1 (Intermediate)
Grammar focus:
- Present Perfect Simple (with ever/never, just, already, yet, since/for).
- Past Continuous; Past Simple vs Past Continuous.
- Future forms: will, be going to, Present Continuous (future), future arrangements.
- Modals for obligation, permission, possibility: must, have to, should, may, might, could.
- First conditional; basic second conditional.
- Present Perfect vs Past Simple.
- Quantifiers: too, enough, few/a few, little/a little.
- Comparisons (as…as, not as…as, more/less).
- Gerunds and infinitives (like doing / want to do).
- Basic reported speech (say/tell, backshift with common tenses).
- Relative clauses (who, which, that, where).
- Passive (Present and Past Simple basic).
Skills: discuss experiences, plans, opinions; handle travel situations; describe events with some detail; write simple essays/emails.
B2 (Upper‑intermediate)
Grammar focus:
- Review and extension of all past, present, future tenses.
- Present Perfect Continuous, Past Perfect (and Continuous), Future Continuous/Perfect (in common uses).
- Advanced modals (speculation: must, might, can’t have done etc.).
- Second and third conditionals; mixed conditionals (intro).
- Inversion for emphasis (Not only…, Never have I… – basic).
- Wider range of passives (all main tenses, passive reporting structures).
- Defining / non‑defining relative clauses; reduced relative clauses.
- More complex gerund/infinitive patterns.
- Discourse markers and connectors (however, although, despite, in spite of, therefore, moreover, on the other hand).
- Reported speech (all main tenses, questions, commands).
- Noun phrases (complex with modifiers); articles in more detail.
Skills: argue a point of view, discuss abstract topics, give detailed descriptions, write structured essays and reports.
C1–C2 (Advanced–Proficient)
Grammar focus:
- Fine control of all tenses and aspect; stylistic variation.
- Advanced inversion and emphasis.
- Subtle modality (hedging: might, could, tend to, it seems that…).
- Complex noun phrases and clause structures.
- Ellipsis, substitution, cleft sentences (It is X that…, What I want is…).
- High‑level cohesion (reference chains, advanced discourse markers).
- Nuanced article use, idiomatic phrasal verbs, collocations.
Skills: near‑native control in academic, professional, and informal registers; precise and nuanced expression.