NNZ-2566

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4433440 Investigational agents for treatment of traumatic brain injury

NNZ-2566 is a synthetic analogue of the endogenous N-terminus tripeptide, Glycine-Proline-Glutamate (GPE, Neuren Pharmaceuticals), which is proteolytically cleaved from insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) [86]. GPE has been shown to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and protect against cell death both in vitro and in vivo but is rapidly metabolized [87]. NNZ-2566 has an extended (> 70 minute) half-life for optimizing its therapeutic potential [88]. NNZ-2566 protects against penetrating ballistic-like brain injury (PBBI)-induced inflammation and apoptosis and promotes functional recovery [88]. Two clinical trials are ongoing to investigate the dosing of NNZ-2566 for safety and tolerability with efficacy in non-penetrating TBI (NCT00805818 and NCT01366820). Interestingly, these clinical trials will include non-penetrating TBI while NNZ-2566 efficacy has not been investigated in the animal models of non-penetrating TBI