Hypatia
<p ><b>Hypatia</b> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English" title="Help:IPA for English" >/</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" title="Help:IPA for English" >h</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" title="Help:IPA for English" >aɪ</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" title="Help:IPA for English" >ˈ</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" title="Help:IPA for English" >p</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" title="Help:IPA for English" >eɪ</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" title="Help:IPA for English" >ʃ</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" title="Help:IPA for English" >ə</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English" title="Help:IPA for English" >/</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Wikipedia:Pronunciation respelling key" ><i>hy-<b>pay</b>-shə</i></a>; <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language" >Greek</a>: Ὑπατία <i>Hypatía</i>) (born c. AD 350 – 370; killed by Christians in 415<sup id="cite_ref-Colavito-Petta_1-1" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#cite_note-Colavito-Petta-1" >[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#cite_note-2" >[2]</a></sup>) was a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_people" title="Greek people" class="mw-redirect" >Greek</a> Alexandrian <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplatonist" title="Neoplatonist" class="mw-redirect" >Neoplatonist</a> philosopher in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Egypt" title="Roman Egypt" class="mw-redirect" >Egypt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-socrates_3-0" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#cite_note-socrates-3" >[3]</a></sup> As head of the Platonist school at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandria" title="Alexandria" >Alexandria</a>, she taught <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy" title="Philosophy" >philosophy</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy" >astronomy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#cite_note-4" >[4]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#cite_note-5" >[5]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#cite_note-6" >[6]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#cite_note-7" >[7]</a></sup>
As a Neoplatonist <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_philosophy" title="Ancient philosophy" >philosopher</a>, she belonged to the mathematic tradition of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_Academy" title="Platonic Academy" >Academy</a> of Athens, as represented by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eudoxus_of_Cnidus" title="Eudoxus of Cnidus" >Eudoxus of Cnidus</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#cite_note-8" >[8]</a></sup> she was of the intellectual school of the 3rd century thinke r<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plotinus" title="Plotinus" >Plotinus</a>, which encouraged logic and mathematical study in place of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empiricism" title="Empiricism" >empirical</a> enquiry and strongly encouraged law in place of nature.<sup id="cite_ref-socrates_3-1" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#cite_note-socrates-3" >[3]</a></sup> For followers of Plotinus the life of reason had as its ultimate goal mystical union with the divine.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#cite_note-9" >[9]</a></sup>
According to contemporary sources, Hypatia was murdered by a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity" >Christian</a> mob after being accused of exacerbating a conflict between two prominent figures in Alexandria: the governor <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orestes_(prefect)" title="Orestes (prefect)" >Orestes</a> and the<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyril_of_Alexandria" title="Cyril of Alexandria" >Bishop of Alexandria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#cite_note-10" >[10]</a></sup> Kathleen Wider proposes that the murder of Hypatia marked the end of<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_antiquity" title="Classical antiquity" >Classical antiquity</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#cite_note-11" >[11]</a></sup> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Greenblatt" title="Stephen Greenblatt" >Stephen Greenblatt</a> observes that her murder "effectively marked the downfall of Alexandrian intellectual life".<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#cite_note-12" >[12]</a></sup> On the other hand, Maria Dzielska and Christian Wildberg note that <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hellenistic_philosophy" title="Hellenistic philosophy" >Hellenistic philosophy</a> continued to flourish in the 5th and 6th centuries, and perhaps until the age of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justinian" title="Justinian" class="mw-redirect" >Justinian</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference" ><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#cite_note-13" >[13]</a></sup></p>