JWT walter thompson
<p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">J WALTER THOMPSON</font>
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson</font></a></p><div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr" style="direction: ltr;"><div class="mw-parser-output" style=""><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>J. Walter Thompson</b> (<b>JWT</b>) was an advertisement holding company incorporated in 1896 by American advertising pioneer <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Walter_Thompson" title="James Walter Thompson" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">James Walter Thompson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BIG.NYT18_1-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-BIG.NYT18-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[1]</a></sup> The company was acquired in 1987 by multinational holding company <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WPP_plc" title="WPP plc" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">WPP plc</a>, and in November 2018, WPP merged J. Walter Thompson with fellow agency <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wunderman" title="Wunderman" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Wunderman</a> to form <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wunderman_Thompson" title="Wunderman Thompson" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Wunderman Thompson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-history_2-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-history-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[2]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[4]</a></sup></font></p><div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading" style="background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 7px; display: table;"><ul style="list-style: none; margin: 0.3em 0px; padding: 0px;"><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#History" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;"><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">History</span></span></font></a><ul style="list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#Pre-James_Walter_Thompson" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">1.1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Pre-James Walter Thompson</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#1868%E2%80%931969" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">1.2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">1868–1969</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#1969%E2%80%932018" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">1.3</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">1969–2018</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#Merger_with_Wunderman" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">1.4</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Merger with Wunderman</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#Legacy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">1.5</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Legacy</span></font></a></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#Criticism" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Criticism</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#Clients" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">3</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Clients</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#Distinctive_ads" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">4</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Distinctive ads</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#See_also" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">5</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">See also</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#References" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">6</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">References</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#Further_reading" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">7</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">Further reading</span></font></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#External_links" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="tocnumber" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0.5em;">8</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell; text-decoration: inherit;">External links</span></font></a></li></ul></div><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; margin-right: 0px;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=J.Walter_Thompson&action=edit§ion=1" title="Edit section: History" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></font></h2><h3 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 1.6;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-headline" id="Pre-James_Walter_Thompson">Pre-James Walter Thompson</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; margin-right: 0px;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span></span></font></h3><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">J. Walter Thompson traces its origins to the Carlton & Smith agency, which opened its doors in 1864, one of the first known advertising agencies in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-JWT_in_Britannica_5-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-JWT_in_Britannica-5" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[5]</a></sup> Founder William James Carlton started selling advertising space in religious magazines, but almost nothing is known about the partner named Smith.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The New York Times wrote that "the agency traces its roots to a newspaper space brokerage that began operation on Dec. 5, 1864."<sup id="cite_ref-JWT.fullnameNYT_6-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-JWT.fullnameNYT-6" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[6]</a></sup></font></p><h3 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 1.6;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span id="1868.E2.80.931969"><span class="mw-headline" id="1868–1969">1868–1969</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; margin-right: 0px;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span></span></span></font></h3><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 1868, Carlton hired James Walter Thompson as a bookkeeper.<sup id="cite_ref-Timeline_7-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-Timeline-7" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[7]</a></sup> Eventually, Thompson found that soliciting and sales were much more profitable, and he became a very effective salesman for the small company.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 1877, Thompson purchased the business of his employer for $500 and, a year later, purchased the office furniture for $800. He changed the company designation to J. Walter Thompson, as he felt that James Thompson was too common a name in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York(state)" title="New York (state)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">New York</a>. <b>One of his first clients was a personal friend – <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Wood_Johnson_I" title="Robert Wood Johnson I" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Robert Wood Johnson</a>, one of the three brothers who founded <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnson%26_Johnson" title="Johnson & Johnson" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Johnson & Johnson</a></b> – for whom Thomson personally wrote advertising for the toothpaste brand <i>Zonweis.</i><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-8" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[8]</a></sup></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Thompson, who had served as a U.S. Marine during the Civil War, had first been employed by Carlton & Smith to sell space in religious publications.<sup id="cite_ref-Timeline_7-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-Timeline-7" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[7]</a></sup> Under his leadership, the agency became the seller of advertising space in many American magazines and periodicals.<sup id="cite_ref-JWT_in_Britannica_5-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-JWT_in_Britannica-5" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[5]</a></sup> By 1889, 80 percent of the advertising in the United States was placed through J. Walter Thompson.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-9" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[9]</a></sup></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 1896, the company incorporated.<sup id="cite_ref-duke1_10-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-duke1-10" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[10]</a></sup></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">More growth followed, and J. Walter Thompson became the first American agency to expand internationally with the opening of J. Walter Thompson London in 1899.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-11" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[11]</a></sup> The business subsequently expanded across the globe, being one of the first American agencies in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Egypt</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">South Africa</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Asia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-12" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[12]</a></sup></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In a special 1964 commemorative issue celebrating the agency's centennial, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advertising_Age" class="mw-redirect" title="Advertising Age" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Advertising Age</a> wrote that the "history and expansion overseas" of the J. Walter Thompson Co. "seems peculiarly to match the whole history of modern advertising."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-13" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[13]</a></sup></font></p><h3 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 1.6;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span id="1969.E2.80.932018"><span class="mw-headline" id="1969–2018">1969–2018</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; margin-right: 0px;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span></span></span></font></h3><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>In 1969, J. Walter Thompson became a public corporation.<sup id="cite_ref-duke1_10-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-duke1-10" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[10]</a></sup></b></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>In the mid-1970s, J. Walter Thompson was hired by the military dictatorship of Chile, led by Augusto Pinochet, to "refurbish the image of the regime" after international and Chilean human-rights organizations had documented <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights_violations_in_Pinochet%27s_Chile" title="Human rights violations in Pinochet's Chile" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">extensive violations</a></b>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-14" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[14]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-15" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[15]</a></sup></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 1980, the company was organized into a holding company JWT Group, consisting of J. Walter Thompson Company;<b> Hill & Knowlton</b>; and Lord Geller Federico & Einstein.<sup id="cite_ref-duke1_10-2" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-duke1-10" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[10]</a></sup></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 1987, British media giant WPP acquired JWT Group.<sup id="cite_ref-chicago1_16-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-chicago1-16" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[16]</a></sup></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 2005, the company renamed itself as JWT.<sup id="cite_ref-duke1_10-3" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-duke1-10" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[10]</a></sup></font></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">As of 2014, its most longstanding clients included <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unilever" title="Unilever" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Unilever</a>/Lever Brothers (109+ years);</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> Mondelēz International/</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraft_Foods" title="Kraft Foods" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Kraft Foods</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> (89+ years); </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimberly-Clark" title="Kimberly-Clark" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Kimberly-Clark</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> (84+ years); </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nestl%C3%A9" title="Nestlé" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Nestlé</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> (81+ years); </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kellogg%27s" title="Kellogg's" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Kellogg's</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> (80+ years); and </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Motor" class="mw-redirect" title="Ford Motor" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Ford Motor</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> (67+ years).</span><sup id="cite_ref-LongStand.NYT_17-0" class="reference" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-LongStand.NYT-17" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[17]</a></sup><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> Other notable clients include </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avon_Products" title="Avon Products" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Avon</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">, </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treasury_Wine_Estates" title="Treasury Wine Estates" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Treasury Wine Estates</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">, </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgewell_Personal_Care" title="Edgewell Personal Care" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Edgewell</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">/Schick, Tudor, </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSBC" title="HSBC" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">HSBC</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">, </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnson%26_Johnson" title="Johnson & Johnson" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Johnson & Johnson</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">, </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newell_Brands" title="Newell Brands" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Newell</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">, </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Canada" title="Air Canada" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Air Canada</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> and the </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">United States Marine Corps</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">JWT celebrated its 150th anniversary in 2014 by reverting to its "classic" J. Walter Thompson name.<sup id="cite_ref-JWT.fullnameNYT_6-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-JWT.fullnameNYT-6" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[6]</a></sup></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 2015, JWT launched Colloquial, a content-marketing joint venture unit with Group SJR;<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-18" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[18]</a></sup> Also in 2015, the company acquired a minority stake in Turkish independent digital agency Wanda Digital.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-19" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[19]</a></sup></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 2016, the company acquired iStrategyLabs (ISL), a Washington, D.C.-based digital agency.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-20" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[20]</a></sup></font></p><h3 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 1.6;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-headline" id="Merger_with_Wunderman">Merger with Wunderman</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; margin-right: 0px;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=J.Walter_Thompson&action=edit§ion=5" title="Edit section: Merger with Wunderman" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></font></h3><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">J. Walter Thompson Co. ceased its independent existence when holding company owner WPP announced in November, 2018 that it was merging the agency into the digital agency Wunderman.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-21" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[21]</a></sup> While called a merger of equals, observers note that it is really a takeover by Wunderman and an end to JWT, noting of the end of America’s first ad agency that its "demise is a metaphor of the demise of Madison Avenue."<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-22" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[22]</a></sup> At the time, the company was headquartered in New York City and had more than 200 offices in over 90 countries and employed over 12,000 marketing professionals.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-23" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[23]</a></sup></font></p><h3 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 1.6;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-headline" id="Legacy">Legacy</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; margin-right: 0px;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span></span></font></h3><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>J. Walter Thompson was among the first agencies to employ writers and artists to create interesting advertisements for their clients, replacing the standard ads created by in-house departments</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-AdAge_Article_24-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-AdAge_Article-24" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[24]</a></sup> It was also the first agency to provide a wide range of advertising services to clients, including copy, layout, package design, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trademark" title="Trademark" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">trademark</a> development and rudimentary, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_research" title="Market research" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">market research</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AdAge_Article_24-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-AdAge_Article-24" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[24]</a></sup> Many of these methods can be seen in notable work that the agency has produced, including work for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraft_Foods" title="Kraft Foods" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Kraft Cheese</a> that resulted in the creation of the grilled-cheese sandwich, a campaign for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JBS_USA" title="JBS USA" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Swift & Co.</a> that added measurement marks to sticks of butter, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toys%22R%22_Us" title="Toys " r="R" us="Us" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Toys "R" Us</a> Kid slogan and jingle,<b> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Beers" title="De Beers" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">De Beers</a> diamond ads ("A Diamond is Forever") and the "I wish I were an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscar_Mayer" title="Oscar Mayer" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Oscar Mayer</a> Wiener" campaign.</b><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-25" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[25]</a></sup></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The agency is also credited with hiring the first female <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copywriting" title="Copywriting" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">copywriter</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Lansdowne_Resor" title="Helen Lansdowne Resor" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Helen Lansdowne Resor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-26" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[26]</a></sup> While with the agency, she pioneered ideas including celebrity testimonials, sex appeal, and was responsible for developing its reputation as an agency where bright young women could succeed.<sup id="cite_ref-AdAge_Article_24-2" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-AdAge_Article-24" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[24]</a></sup> Lansdowne went on to become the first female creative director in the industry. To honor this legacy, in 2014 J. Walter Thompson announced a $250,000 scholarship opportunity called the Helen Lansdowne Resor Scholarship. It assists and promotes talented female creative advertising students who aspire to join the ranks of creative leadership.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-27" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[27]</a></sup></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The New York Times reported that "some two million other documents ... (are) .. within the J. Walter Thompson Archives at Duke University in Durham, N.C." <sup id="cite_ref-INC96_28-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-INC96-28" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[28]</a></sup> Among these are internal position papers for JWT being challenged by and countering the<b> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Medical_Association" title="American Medical Association" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">American Medical Association</a>.</b> Many of these documents are the basis of the agency's award-winning creative work.</font></p><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-headline" id="Criticism">Criticism</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; margin-right: 0px;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span></span></font></h2><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In June 2018, then CEO, Gustavo Martinez officially parted ways with J. Walter Thompson (JWT) and parent company WPP two months after settling a sexual harassment case brought by a female colleague.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-29" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[29]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-30" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[30]</a></sup></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In May 2018 Jo Wallace, a creative director at the London branch, who identifies as a gay woman, stated at a Creative Equals conference that she would "obliterate JWT’s reputation as an agency full of white, English, privileged, straight men". Five straight, white men queried this statement with the company's human resources department and were later fired. In July 2021, an employment tribunal decided that the men were unfairly dismissed, unlawfully victimised, discriminated against for being male and harassed.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-31" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[31]</a></sup></font></p><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-headline" id="Clients">Clients</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; margin-right: 0px;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span></span></font></h2><div class="thumb tright" style="background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right; width: auto; margin: 0.5em 0px 1.3em 1.4em;"><div class="thumbinner" style="min-width: 100px; padding: 3px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); width: 177px;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:J.Walter_Thompson_Advertisement_1903.JPG" class="image" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/J.Walter_Thompson_Advertisement_1903.JPG/175px-J.Walter_Thompson_Advertisement_1903.JPG" decoding="async" width="175" height="343" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/J.Walter_Thompson_Advertisement_1903.JPG/263px-J.Walter_Thompson_Advertisement_1903.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/J.Walter_Thompson_Advertisement_1903.JPG/350px-J.Walter_Thompson_Advertisement_1903.JPG 2x" data-file-width="836" data-file-height="1637" style="border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); vertical-align: middle; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" /></font></a><div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align: left; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; border: 0px;"><div class="magnify" style="float: right; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 0px;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:J.Walter_Thompson_Advertisement_1903.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" magnify-clip-ltr.svg="magnify-clip-ltr.svg" e="e" display="display" block="block" text-indent="text-indent" px="px" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" overflow="overflow" hidden="hidden" width="width" height="height" user-select="user-select" none="none" /></div><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:J.Walter_Thompson_Advertisement_1903.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" magnify-clip-ltr.svg="magnify-clip-ltr.svg" e="e" display="display" block="block" text-indent="text-indent" px="px" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" overflow="overflow" hidden="hidden" width="width" height="height" user-select="user-select" none="none"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">J. Walter Thompson Co. advertisement, 1903</font></a></div></div></div><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.5em 0px;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:J.Walter_Thompson_Advertisement_1903.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" magnify-clip-ltr.svg="magnify-clip-ltr.svg" e="e" display="display" block="block" text-indent="text-indent" px="px" white-space="white-space" nowrap="nowrap" overflow="overflow" hidden="hidden" width="width" height="height" user-select="user-select" none="none"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Other significant clients have included:<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;" /></font></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-32" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[32]</a><sup id="cite_ref-LongStand.NYT_17-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-LongStand.NYT-17" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[17]</a></sup></font></p><div class="div-col" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.3em; column-width: 17em;"><ul style="list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" px="px" em="em" padding="padding"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_Council" title="Ad Council" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Ad Council</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Canada" title="Air Canada" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Air Canada</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_India" title="Air India" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Air India</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Amnesty International</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anheuser-Busch_InBev" class="mw-redirect" title="Anheuser-Busch InBev" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Anheuser-Busch InBev</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayer" title="Bayer" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Bayer</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blockbuster_LLC" title="Blockbuster LLC" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Blockbuster LLC</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMW" title="BMW" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">BMW</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brisk(beverage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brisk (beverage)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Brisk</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BTS_Skytrain" title="BTS Skytrain" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">BTS Skytrain</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campari_Group" title="Campari Group" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Campari Group</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_Council_Australia" title="Cancer Council Australia" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Cancer Council Australia</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coca-Cola" title="Coca-Cola" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Coca-Cola</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comex_Group" title="Comex Group" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Comex Group</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diageo" title="Diageo" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Diageo</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DirecTV" title="DirecTV" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">DirecTV</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eli_Lilly_and_Company" title="Eli Lilly and Company" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Eli Lilly and Company</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_Star" title="Energy Star" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Energy Star</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Ford</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A4agen-Dazs" title="Häagen-Dazs" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Häagen-Dazs</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSBC" title="HSBC" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">HSBC</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Human Rights Watch</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ING_Group" title="ING Group" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">ING Group</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Ayrton_Senna" title="Instituto Ayrton Senna" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Instituto Ayrton Senna</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel" title="Intel" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Intel</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnson%26_Johnson" title="Johnson & Johnson" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Johnson & Johnson</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kellogg%E2%80%99s" class="mw-redirect" title="Kellogg’s" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Kellogg’s</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimberly-Clark" title="Kimberly-Clark" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Kimberly-Clark</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumho_Tire" title="Kumho Tire" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Kumho Tire</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macy%E2%80%99s" class="mw-redirect" title="Macy’s" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Macy’s</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mad_Catz_Interactive" class="mw-redirect" title="Mad Catz Interactive" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Mad Catz Interactive</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SharkWire_Online" title="SharkWire Online" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">SharkWire Online</a> for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nintendo_64" title="Nintendo 64" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Nintendo 64</a></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazda" title="Mazda" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Mazda</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merrill_Lynch" class="mw-redirect" title="Merrill Lynch" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Merrill Lynch</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Microsoft</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miller_Brewing_Company" title="Miller Brewing Company" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Miller Brewing Company</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitsui_Chemicals" title="Mitsui Chemicals" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Mitsui Chemicals</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mondelez_International" title="Mondelez International" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Mondelez International</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morinaga_Milk_Industry" title="Morinaga Milk Industry" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Morinaga Milk Industry</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandai_Namco_Entertainment" title="Bandai Namco Entertainment" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Namco Hometek</a>/<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tekken_4" title="Tekken 4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Tekken 4</a></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nestl%C3%A9" title="Nestlé" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Nestlé</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newell_Brands" title="Newell Brands" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Newell Brands</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Nokia</a>/<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Mobile" title="Microsoft Mobile" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Microsoft Mobile</a></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwell_Health" title="Northwell Health" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Northwell Health</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwestern_Mutual" title="Northwestern Mutual" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Northwestern Mutual</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nova(eikaiwa)" title="Nova (eikaiwa)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Nova</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nike,Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Nike, Inc" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Nike</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikon" title="Nikon" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Nikon</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partnership_for_Drug-Free_Kids" class="mw-redirect" title="Partnership for Drug-Free Kids" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Partnership for Drug-Free Kids</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PepsiCo" title="PepsiCo" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">PepsiCo</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puma_SE" class="mw-redirect" title="Puma SE" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Puma SE</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qwest" title="Qwest" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Qwest</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolex" title="Rolex" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Rolex</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Automobile_Club_of_Australia" title="Royal Automobile Club of Australia" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Royal Automobile Club of Australia</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Caribbean_International" title="Royal Caribbean International" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Royal Caribbean</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energizer" title="Energizer" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Energizer</a>/<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schick(razors)" title="Schick (razors)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Schick</a></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samsonite" title="Samsonite" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Samsonite</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samsung_Electronics" title="Samsung Electronics" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Samsung Electronics</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Telecom_Company" title="Saudi Telecom Company" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Saudi Telecom Company</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sega" title="Sega" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Sega</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprint_Corporation" title="Sprint Corporation" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Sprint</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subaru" title="Subaru" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Subaru</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suntory" title="Suntory" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Suntory</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Dutch_Shell" title="Royal Dutch Shell" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Shell</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tata_Group" title="Tata Group" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Tata</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Secret_Garden" title="The Secret Garden" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">The Secret Garden</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Hortons" title="Tim Hortons" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Tim Hortons</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toys_R_Us" class="mw-redirect" title="Toys R Us" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Toys R Us</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribeca_Film_Festival" title="Tribeca Film Festival" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Tribeca Film Festival</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A6%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BB%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0" class="extiw" title="jp:ユニ・チャーム" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Unicharm</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unilever" title="Unilever" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Unilever</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Service_Organizations" title="United Service Organizations" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">United Service Organizations</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">United States Marine Corps</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USA_Network" title="USA Network" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">USA Network</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victim_Support" title="Victim Support" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Victim Support</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volvo_Cars" title="Volvo Cars" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Volvo Cars</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walmart" title="Walmart" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Walmart</font></a></li></ul></div><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-headline" id="Distinctive_ads">Distinctive ads</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; margin-right: 0px;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=J.Walter_Thompson&action=edit§ion=9" title="Edit section: Distinctive ads" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></font></h2><div class="div-col" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.3em; column-width: 22em;"><ul style="list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" px="px" em="em" padding="padding"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Woodbury Soap, "A skin you love to touch" (1911)<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-33" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[33]</a></sup></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">JWT invents the grilled cheese sandwich for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraft_Foods" title="Kraft Foods" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Kraft</a> (1930)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">JWT sells <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kellogg%E2%80%99s" class="mw-redirect" title="Kellogg’s" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Kellogg's</a> Rice Krispies with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snap,Crackle_and_Pop" title="Snap, Crackle and Pop" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">"Snap, Crackle, and Pop"</a> (1930)</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Introduced the first toilet advertising for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott_Paper_Company" title="Scott Paper Company" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Scott Paper</a> (1931)<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-34" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[34]</a></sup></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Introduced Kraft <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miracle_Whip" title="Miracle Whip" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Miracle Whip</a> (1933)<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-35" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[35]</a></sup></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Produced the first-ever TV program for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libby%27s" title="Libby's" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Libby, McNeill & Libby</a> (1939)</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Ford, "There’s a Ford in your future" (1945)<sup id="cite_ref-Lessons_from_the_Commodore_36-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-Lessons_from_the_Commodore-36" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[36]</a></sup></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">JWT creates "The Bologna Song" (1962)<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-37" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[37]</a></sup> and the "I wish I were an Oscar Mayer Weiner" song for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscar_Mayer" title="Oscar Mayer" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Oscar Mayer</a> (1962)<sup id="cite_ref-Lessons_from_the_Commodore_36-1" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-Lessons_from_the_Commodore-36" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[36]</a></sup></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">United States Marine Corps, "The Few. The Proud. The Marines." (1972)</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">JWT creates the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrex" title="Andrex" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Andrex</a> Puppy. (1972)<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-38" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[38]</a></sup></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">7UP, "The Uncola" (1967)<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-39" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[39]</a></sup></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">JWT uses <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Michelle_Gellar" title="Sarah Michelle Gellar" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Sarah Michelle Gellar</a> in a controversial <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burger_King" title="Burger King" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Burger King</a> ad that criticized McDonald's (1981)</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">JWT creates Toys "R" Us "I don’t want to grow up" campaign (1982)<sup id="cite_ref-Lessons_from_the_Commodore_36-2" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-Lessons_from_the_Commodore-36" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[36]</a></sup></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">JWT launches <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Global_Anthem(advertisement_1999)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ford Global Anthem (advertisement 1999)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Ford Global Anthem</a> (1999)</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">JWT Thompson breaks the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guinness_World_Records" title="Guinness World Records" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Guinness World Record</a> for the world's largest billboard (2000)</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><i>The Times of India</i>, "Lead India"; wins a Grand Prix at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannes_Lions" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannes Lions" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Cannes Lions</a> festival (2008).<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-40" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[40]</a></sup></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Samsonite "Heaven and Hell"; JWT Shanghai wins a Grand Prix at Cannes (2011).<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-41" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[41]</a></sup></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Banco Popular, "The Most Popular Song"; JWT Puerto Rico wins the Grand Prix for PR at Cannes (2012)<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-42" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[42]</a></sup></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Kit Kat, "Kit Kat into space" campaign by JWT London (2012)<sup id="cite_ref-Lessons_from_the_Commodore_36-3" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-Lessons_from_the_Commodore-36" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[36]</a></sup></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Kit Kat, "Android KitKat" (2014)<sup id="cite_ref-Lessons_from_the_Commodore_36-4" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-Lessons_from_the_Commodore-36" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[36]</a></sup></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Air India's Maharajah mascot (1940s) <sup id="cite_ref-maharaja_43-0" class="reference" style="line-height: 1; unicode-bidi: isolate; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_note-maharaja-43" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[43]</a></sup></font></li></ul></div><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; margin-right: 0px;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=J.Walter_Thompson&action=edit§ion=10" title="Edit section: See also" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></font></h2><ul style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" em="em" px="px" padding="padding"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_advertising" title="History of advertising" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">History of advertising</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanley_B.Resor" title="Stanley B. Resor" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Stanley Resor</font></a></li></ul><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; margin-right: 0px;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=J.Walter_Thompson&action=edit§ion=11" title="Edit section: References" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></font></h2><div class="reflist" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.5em; list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns" style="column-width: 30em; margin-top: 0.3em;"><ol class="references" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 3.2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-parent 0 list-item 0; list-style-type: inherit;"><li id="cite_note-BIG.NYT18-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-BIG.NYT18_1-0" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/22/business/media/martin-sorrell-advertising-wpp.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Prominent Exit From Ad Industry Sets Off Questions About Future"</a>. <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The New York Times</a></i>. April 22, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Prominent+Exit+From+Ad+Industry+Sets+Off+Questions+About+Future&rft.date=2018-04-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F04%2F22%2Fbusiness%2Fmedia%2Fmartin-sorrell-advertising-wpp.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-history-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-history_2-0" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wpp.com/wpp/about/whoweare/history.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Group history"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">August 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Group+history&rft.pub=WPP+plc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wpp.com%2Fwpp%2Fabout%2Fwhoweare%2Fhistory.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-3" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2010/jul/04/wpp-sir-martin-sorrell-profile" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Sir Martin Sorrell: advertising man who made the industry's biggest pitch"</a>. <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The Guardian</a></i>. July 4, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">July 12,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Sir+Martin+Sorrell%3A+advertising+man+who+made+the+industry%27s+biggest+pitch&rft.date=2010-07-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbusiness%2F2010%2Fjul%2F04%2Fwpp-sir-martin-sorrell-profile&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-4" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://adage.com/article/agency-news/wpp-merging-jwt-wunderman/315720" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"WPP is merging JWT with Wunderman"</a>. <i>Ad Age</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">November 26,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ad+Age&rft.atitle=WPP+is+merging+JWT+with+Wunderman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fadage.com%2Farticle%2Fagency-news%2Fwpp-merging-jwt-wunderman%2F315720&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-JWT_in_Britannica-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-JWT_in_Britannica_5-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:</span><sup style="line-height: 1;"><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-JWT_in_Britannica_5-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1;"><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/298581/J-Walter-Thompson-Co" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"J. Walter Thompson Co. | American advertising company"</a>. Britannica.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">August 29,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=J.+Walter+Thompson+Co.+%26%23124%3B+American+advertising+company&rft.pub=Britannica.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F298581%2FJ-Walter-Thompson-Co&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-JWT.fullnameNYT-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-JWT.fullnameNYT_6-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:</span><sup style="line-height: 1;"><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-JWT.fullnameNYT_6-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1;"><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFElliott2014" class="citation news cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Elliott, Stuart (April 14, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/15/business/media/jwt-to-bring-back-the-classic-j-walter-thompson-name.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"JWT to Bring Back the Classic J. Walter Thompson Name"</a>. <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=JWT+to+Bring+Back+the+Classic+J.+Walter+Thompson+Name&rft.date=2014-04-14&rft.aulast=Elliott&rft.aufirst=Stuart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2014%2F04%2F15%2Fbusiness%2Fmedia%2Fjwt-to-bring-back-the-classic-j-walter-thompson-name.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-Timeline-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-Timeline_7-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:</span><sup style="line-height: 1;"><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-Timeline_7-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1;"><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140523160028/http://colab-sbx-140.oit.duke.edu/sites/timelines/jwt.php" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"J. Walter Thompson Company | Rubenstein Library | People in the Collections"</a>. Colab-sbx-140.oit.duke.edu. July 15, 1908. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://colab-sbx-140.oit.duke.edu/sites/timelines/jwt.php" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">the original</a> on May 23, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">August 29,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=J.+Walter+Thompson+Company+%26%23124%3B+Rubenstein+Library+%26%23124%3B+People+in+the+Collections&rft.pub=Colab-sbx-140.oit.duke.edu&rft.date=1908-07-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcolab-sbx-140.oit.duke.edu%2Fsites%2Ftimelines%2Fjwt.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-8" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kilmerhouse.com/2011/04/125-years-ago-our-sales-office-and-advertising" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"History of J&J by Margaret Gurowitz"</a>. April 14, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+J%26J+by+Margaret+Gurowitz&rft.date=2011-04-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kilmerhouse.com%2F2011%2F04%2F125-years-ago-our-sales-office-and-advertising&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-9" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Applegate, E. (2012). Stanley B. Resor and the J. Walter Thompson Company: 1908-1961. In The rise of advertising in the United States: A history of innovation to 1960 (p. 134). Lanham: Scarecrow Press</span></font></li><li id="cite_note-duke1-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-duke1_10-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:</span><sup style="line-height: 1;"><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-duke1_10-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1;"><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-duke1_10-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1;"><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-duke1_10-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1;"><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://library.duke.edu/rubenstein/collections/creators/corporations/jwt2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"J. Walter Thompson Company (part 2)"</a>. <i>Duke University Libraries</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">June 4,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Duke+University+Libraries&rft.atitle=J.+Walter+Thompson+Company+%28part+2%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flibrary.duke.edu%2Frubenstein%2Fcollections%2Fcreators%2Fcorporations%2Fjwt2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-11" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hatads.org.uk/catalogue/record/8aa165f2-9c53-4485-bc1c-f482ae16d6aa" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"The J Walter Thompson (Jwt), London, Advertising Agency Client Account Files And Other Office Papers | Details"</a>. Hatads.org.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">August 29,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+J+Walter+Thompson+%28Jwt%29%2C+London%2C+Advertising+Agency+Client+Account+Files+And+Other+Office+Papers+%26%23124%3B+Details&rft.pub=Hatads.org.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hatads.org.uk%2Fcatalogue%2Frecord%2F8aa165f2-9c53-4485-bc1c-f482ae16d6aa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-12" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-12" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ciochetto, L. (2011). China. In Globalisation and advertising in emerging economies: Brazil, Russia, India, and China (p. 95). London: Routledge</span></font></li><li id="cite_note-13" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-13" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amanewyork.org/resources/end-jwt-co/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"J. Walter Thompson & Co. and the 1964 Advertising Age Commemorative Issue"</a>. American Marketing Association New York. December 31, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">December 31,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=J.+Walter+Thompson+%26+Co.+and+the+1964+Advertising+Age+Commemorative+Issue&rft.pub=American+Marketing+Association+New+York&rft.date=2019-12-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amanewyork.org%2Fresources%2Fend-jwt-co%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-14" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-14" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBurbach2003" class="citation book cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Burbach, Roger (2003). <i>The Pinochet Affair: State Terrorism and Global Justice</i>. London: Zed Books. p. 63. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1842774344" title="Special:BookSources/1842774344" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><bdi>1842774344</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pinochet+Affair%3A+State+Terrorism+and+Global+Justice&rft.place=London&rft.pages=63&rft.pub=Zed+Books&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1842774344&rft.aulast=Burbach&rft.aufirst=Roger&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-15" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-15" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPerera1975" class="citation news cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Perera, Victor (April 13, 1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1975/04/13/archives/law-and-order-in-chile-in-every-chilean-there-is-a-soldier-in-every.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Law and order in Chile"</a>. <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">April 30,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Law+and+order+in+Chile&rft.date=1975-04-13&rft.aulast=Perera&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1975%2F04%2F13%2Farchives%2Flaw-and-order-in-chile-in-every-chilean-there-is-a-soldier-in-every.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-chicago1-16" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-chicago1_16-0" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1987-06-29-8702170748-story.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"NOW WPP FACES THE REAL CHALLENGE"</a>. <i>Chicago Tribune</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">June 4,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=NOW+WPP+FACES+THE+REAL+CHALLENGE&rft.date=1987-06-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2Fnews%2Fct-xpm-1987-06-29-8702170748-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-LongStand.NYT-17" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-LongStand.NYT_17-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:</span><sup style="line-height: 1;"><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-LongStand.NYT_17-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1;"><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFElliott2014" class="citation news cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Elliott, Stuart (March 3, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/10/business/jwt-plans-to-celebrate-150-years-with-a-focus-on-the-future.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"JWT Plans to Celebrate 150 Years With a Focus on the Future"</a>. <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The New York Times</a></i>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">April 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=JWT+Plans+to+Celebrate+150+Years+With+a+Focus+on+the+Future&rft.date=2014-03-03&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Elliott&rft.aufirst=Stuart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2014%2F03%2F10%2Fbusiness%2Fjwt-plans-to-celebrate-150-years-with-a-focus-on-the-future.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-18" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-18" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.marketing-interactive.com/jwt-group-sjr-launch-content-market-unit-colloquial" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"JWT and Group SJR launch content marketing unit Colloquial"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=JWT+and+Group+SJR+launch+content+marketing+unit+Colloquial&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.marketing-interactive.com%2Fjwt-group-sjr-launch-content-market-unit-colloquial&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-19" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-19" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.campaignlive.com/article/j-walter-thompson-acquires-minority-stake-turkey-shop-wanda-digital/1350381" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"J Walter Thompson acquires minority stake in Turkey shop Wanda Digital"</a>. <i>Campaign</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">June 4,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Campaign&rft.atitle=J+Walter+Thompson+acquires+minority+stake+in+Turkey+shop+Wanda+Digital&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.campaignlive.com%2Farticle%2Fj-walter-thompson-acquires-minority-stake-turkey-shop-wanda-digital%2F1350381&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-20" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-20" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adage.com/article/agency-news/j-walter-thompson-snaps-istrategylabs/305286" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"J. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">December 31,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WPP+is+merging+JWT+with+Wunderman&rft.pub=Ad+Age&rft.date=2018-11-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fadage.com%2Farticle%2Fagency-news%2Fwpp-merging-jwt-wunderman%2F315720&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-22" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-22" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/avidan/2018/11/26/why-is-wpp-merging-wunderman-and-jwt/#744bbd4d5843" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Why WPP Is Merging Wunderman And JWT"</a>. <i>Forbes</i>. 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Walter Thompson Co. | AdAge Encyclopedia of Advertising - Advertising Age"</a>. Adage.com. September 15, 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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September 15, 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">June 5,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+NY+Times&rft.atitle=Kraft+Foods&rft.date=2003-09-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fadage.com%2Farticle%2Fadage-encyclopedia%2Fkraft-foods%2F98739&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-Lessons_from_the_Commodore-36" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-Lessons_from_the_Commodore_36-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump up to:</span><sup style="line-height: 1;"><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-Lessons_from_the_Commodore_36-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1;"><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-Lessons_from_the_Commodore_36-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1;"><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-Lessons_from_the_Commodore_36-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1;"><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-Lessons_from_the_Commodore_36-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1;"><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.campaignlive.co.uk/news/login/1310284" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"JWT: lessons from the Commodore"</a>. campaign live<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-06-22/india/27781894_1_cannes-lions-integrated-lions-direct-grand-prix" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">the original</a> on August 20, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">November 7,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Now%2C+Lead+India+wins+Integrated+Lion+at+Cannes&rft.date=2008-06-22&rft.au=N+Shatrujeet%2C+Jun+22%2C+2008%2C+12.17am+IST&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farticles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com%2F2008-06-22%2Findia%2F27781894_1_cannes-lions-integrated-lions-direct-grand-prix&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-41" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-41" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://campaignbriefasia.com/2012/06/18/jwt-shanghais-samsonite-heaven/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"JWT Shanghai's Samsonite 'Heaven and Hell' becomes The Gunn Report's most awarded print advertisment (sic) of all time"</a>. <i>Campaign Brief Asia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">April 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Campaign+Brief+Asia&rft.atitle=JWT+Shanghai%27s+Samsonite+%27Heaven+and+Hell%27+becomes+The+Gunn+Report%27s+most+awarded+print+advertisment+%28sic%29+of+all+time&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcampaignbriefasia.com%2F2012%2F06%2F18%2Fjwt-shanghais-samsonite-heaven%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-42" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-42" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131106021407/http://www.canneslions.com/inspiration/past_grands_prix_advert.cfm?sub_channel_id=313" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"Banco Popular de Puerto Rico, 'The Most Popular Song' | Inspiration | Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity"</a>. Canneslions.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canneslions.com/inspiration/past_grands_prix_advert.cfm?sub_channel_id=313" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">the original</a> on November 6, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">November 7,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Banco+Popular+de+Puerto+Rico%2C+%27The+Most+Popular+Song%27+%26%23124%3B+Inspiration+%26%23124%3B+Cannes+Lions+International+Festival+of+Creativity&rft.pub=Canneslions.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.canneslions.com%2Finspiration%2Fpast_grands_prix_advert.cfm%3Fsub_channel_id%3D313&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li><li id="cite_note-maharaja-43" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="user-select: none;"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Walter_Thompson#cite_ref-maharaja_43-0" aria-label="Jump up" title="Jump up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDeol2020" class="citation news cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Deol, Taran (September 12, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theprint.in/features/this-indian-maharajah-dressed-up-as-playboy-waitress-sumo-wrestler-many-other-avatars/500919/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"This Indian 'Maharajah' dressed up as Playboy waitress, sumo wrestler & many other avatars"</a>. <i>The Print</i>. New Delhi: Printline Media Private Limited<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;">September 12,</span> 2020</span>. <q style="quotes: " apos="apos">the Maharajah — sketched by Umesh Rao, an artist at J. Walter Thompson in Mumbai</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Print&rft.atitle=This+Indian+%27Maharajah%27+dressed+up+as+Playboy+waitress%2C+sumo+wrestler+%26+many+other+avatars&rft.date=2020-09-12&rft.aulast=Deol&rft.aufirst=Taran&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheprint.in%2Ffeatures%2Fthis-indian-maharajah-dressed-up-as-playboy-waitress-sumo-wrestler-many-other-avatars%2F500919%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJ.+Walter+Thompson" class="Z3988" /></span></font></li></ol></div></div><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-headline" id="Further_reading">Further reading</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; margin-right: 0px;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=J.Walter_Thompson&action=edit§ion=12" title="Edit section: Further reading" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></font></h2><div class="div-col" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.3em; column-width: 22em;"><ul style="list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" px="px" em="em" padding="padding"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Davis, Rhiannon, "Negotiating Local and Global Knowledge and History: J. Walter Thompson around the Globe, 1928–1960," <i>Journal of Australian Studies</i> (2012) 36#1 pp 81–97.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Farwell, Tricia M. Review of "Globalizing Ideal Beauty: How Female Copywriters of the J. Walter Thompson Advertising Agency Redefined Beauty for the Twentieth Century." <i>Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly</i> 88#2 (2011): 446.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Hultquist, Clark Eric. "Americans in Paris: The J. Walter Thompson Company in France, 1927–1968." <i>Enterprise and Society</i> 4#3 (2003): 471-501.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Kreshel, Peggy J. "John B. Watson at J. Walter Thompson: The legitimation of 'science' in advertising." <i>Journal of Advertising</i> 19#2 (1990): 49-59.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Kreshel, Peggy J. "The "culture" of J. Walter Thompson, 1915–1925." <i>Public Relations Review</i> 16.3 (1990): 80-93.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">McDonough, John, and Karen Egolf, eds. <i>The advertising age encyclopedia of advertising</i> (1st ed 2003) vol 3 pp 1530-37</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Mashon, Mike. "NBC, J. Walter Thompson, and the Struggle for Control of Television Programming, 1946-58." in <i>NBC: America's Network</i> (2007) pp: 135-152.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Merron, Jeff. "Putting Foreign Consumers on the Map: J. Walter Thompson's Struggle with General Motors' International Advertising Account in the 1920s." <i>Business History Review</i> 73#03 (1999): 465-502.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Merron, Jeffrey L. <i>American culture goes abroad: J. Walter Thompson and the General Motors export account, 1927-1933</i> (1991)</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Mishra, Karen E. "J. Walter Thompson: Building trust in troubled times." <i>Journal of Historical Research in Marketing</i> 1#2 (2009): 246-269. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trustiseverything.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/jhrm2009.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" upload.wikimedia.org="upload.wikimedia.org" wikipedia="wikipedia" commons="commons" icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif="Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">online</a></font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Moreno, Julio E. "J. Walter Thompson, the Good Neighbor Policy, and Lessons in Mexican Business Culture, 1920–1950." <i>Enterprise and Society</i> 5#2 (2004): 254-280.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Moreno, Julio E. "Marketing in Mexico: Sears, Roebuck Company, J. Walter Thompson, and the Culture of North American Commerce in Mexico City during the 1940s." <i>Enterprise and Society</i> 1#4 (2000): 683-692.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Nixon, Sean. "Apostles of Americanization? J. Walter Thompson Company Ltd, Advertising and Anglo-American Relations 1945–67." <i>Contemporary British History</i> 22#4 (2008): 477-499.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Pouillard, Véronique. "American advertising agencies in Europe: J. Walter Thompson's Belgian business in the inter-war years." <i>Business history</i> 47#1 (2005): 44-58.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Scanlon, Jennifer. "Advertising women: The J. Walter Thompson Company women's editorial department." in <i>The gender and consumer culture reader</i> (2000) pp: 201-25.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Schwarzkopf, Stefan. "Discovering the Consumer: Market Research, Product Innovations, and the Creation of Brand Loyalty in Britain and the United States in the Interwar Years." <i>Journal of Macromarketing</i> 29 (2009): 8-20.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Silva, Jonathan. "The marketing complex: the J. Walter Thompson company, 1916-1929." <i>Essays in Economic and Business History</i> 14 (1996): 207-18.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Spring, Dawn. "The Globalization of American Advertising and Brand Management: A Brief History of the J. Walter Thompson Company, Proctor and Gamble, and US Foreign Policy." <i>Global Studies Journal</i> (2013) 5#4</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">West, Douglas C. "From T-Square to T-Plan: the London office of the J. Walter Thompson advertising agency 1919–70." <i>Business History</i> 29#2 (1987): 199-217.</font></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; break-inside: avoid-column;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Woodard, James P. "Marketing modernity: the J. Walter Thompson Company and North American advertising in Brazil, 1929-1939." <i>Hispanic American Historical Review</i> 82#2 (2002): 257-290.</font></li></ul></div><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: isolate; margin-right: 0px;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=J.Walter_Thompson&action=edit§ion=13" title="Edit section: External links" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></font></h2><ul style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" resources="resources" common="common" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" d4515="d4515" margin="margin" em="em" px="px" padding="padding"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wundermanthompson.com/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Official website</font></a></span></span></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://guides.library.duke.edu/jwt" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Guide to select collections from the JWT Archives in the Hartman Center at Duke University</font></a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><cite class="citation web cs1" style="font-style: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hatads.org.uk/catalogue/record/8aa165f2-9c53-4485-bc1c-f482ae16d6aa/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url(" w="w" resources="resources" src="src" mediawiki.skinning="mediawiki.skinning" images="images" external-ltr.svg="external-ltr.svg" right="right" center="center" no-repeat="no-repeat" padding-right="padding-right" px="px">"The J Walter Thompson (JWT), London, advertising agency client account files and other office papers, 1926–1977"</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Advertising_Trust" title="History of Advertising Trust" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">History of Advertising Trust</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Advertising_theorists" title="Category:Advertising theorists" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Advertising theorists</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Companies_established_in_1864" title="Category:Companies established in 1864" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Companies established in 1864</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:WPP_plc" title="Category:WPP plc" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">WPP plc</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_New_York_City" title="Category:Companies based in New York City" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Companies based in New York City</a></li></ul></div></div><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">===</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">fail digital 2010?</font></p><p><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">https://www.businessinsider.com/what-killed-oldest-ad-agency-j-walter-thompson-2020-12</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> ===</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">All Pres men</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Higher than Mitchell? Dwight Chapin was a functionary, an advance man and glorified valet, servant to Richard Nixon and H R Haldeman. At most there were three persons who went higher than John Mitchell: John Ehrlichman (maybe), Haldeman and Richard M. Nixon.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><i>Basic strategy that goes all the way to the top.</i> The phrase unnevered Bernstein. For the first time, he considered the possibility that the President of the United States was the head ratfucker.</font>
<a href="http://www.dailykos.com/story/2006/4/7/22533/89209"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">http://www.dailykos.com/story/2006/4/7/22533/89209</font></a>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">also Chapin</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
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<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="style3">Dwight Chapin was born in Wichita, Kansas, on 2nd December, 1940. While studying at the University of Southern California he became an active member of the <a href="http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USArepublican.htm">Republican Party</a>. In 1962 Chapin helped <a href="http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAnixon.htm">Richard Nixon</a></span><span class="style3"> in his campaign to become Governor of California.</span></font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Chapin worked for the J. Water Thompson Company in <a href="http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAlosangeles.htm">Los Angeles</a>. He remained active in politics and took part in the campaign to get Nixon elected as president in 1968. A senior figure at the agency was was <a href="http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/JFKhaldeman.htm">H. R. Haldeman</a> who was employed as the president's chief of staff. Haldeman arranged for Chapin to obtain the post of Special Assistant to the President.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Chapin had special responsibility for scheduling presidential activities and appointments. He also hired and supervised the Presidential advance men. In 1972 some of these people were responsible for acts of political sabotage and espionage against the <a href="http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAdemocratic.htm">Democratic Party</a>. For example, in September, 1971, Chapin recruited <a href="http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/JFKsegretti.htm">Donald Segretti</a> as part of this "dirty tricks" campaign.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Chapin was one of Nixon's White House staff investigated as a result of the <a href="http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAwatergate.htm">Watergate Scandal</a>. When he appeared before the Grand Jury he denied any knowledge of Segretti's activities against the Democrats. In 1974 Chapin was found guilty of lying to the grand jury and was sentenced to 10 to 30 months in prison. In fact, he only served eight months before being released.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="style3">After leaving prison in April, 1976, Chapin worked for W. Clement Stone Enterprises in <a href="http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAchicago.htm">Chicago</a>. He also published a magazine called <i>Success Unlimited</i> (1977-79)</span>.</font>
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<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">---</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">see Roger Stone, CBS Rather</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Stone">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Stone</a> roy cohn</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font></p>
<h2><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Another Nixon Ratfucker Behind the Forged CBS Docs?<a id="109595260894502187" name="109595260894502187"> </a></font></h2>
<div class="blogPost">
<div style=" clear: both;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
Roger Stone, a GOP operative dating back to the Nixon dirty tricks era, may have been the source of the forged documents purportedly written by Bush's former commanding officer in the Texas Air National Guard, according to the <em>New York Post.</em>
John O'Neill, the co-author of "Unfit to Command," and one of the Swift Boat Veteran for Lies, also worked as a Nixon ratfucker in the early 1970s, meeting with Tricky Dick and Chuck Colson in the Oval <b>Office to plan an effort to discredit Kerry's anti-war position.</b></font></div>
<p>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">404 http://fe14.story.media.sp1.yahoo.com/news/?tmpl=story&cid=106&ncid=742&e=1&u=/nypost/20040920/cm_nypost/thetruthaboutriflestatistics</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">http://usatoday.printthis.clickability.com/pt/cpt?action=cpt&title=USATODAY.com+-+CBS+backs+off+Guard+story&expire=&urlID=11705426&fb=Y&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fnews%2Fpoliticselections%2Fnation%2Fpresident%2F2004-09-21-cover-guard_x.htm&partnerID=1660</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">wiki</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 1864, while Thompson was serving in the Marine Corps, William James Carlton had started selling advertising space in religious magazines. The agency was called Carlton and Smith although almost nothing is known about the Smith partner. In 1868, Carlton hired Thompson as a bookkeeper. Eventually Thompson found that soliciting and sales were much more profitable and he became a very effective salesman for the small company. In 1877, Thompson bought the agency for $500 and renamed it J. Walter Thompson Company. Notably, Thompson paid $800 for the Carlton and Smith furniture in the same transaction.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Realizing that he could sell more space if the company provided the service of developing content for advertisers, Thompson hired writers and artists to form the first known Creative Department in an advertising agency. He is credited as the "father of modern magazine advertising" in the US.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">-</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">wiki</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">JWT's network has nearly 10,000 employees in more than 200 offices in over 90 countries, who serve over 1,200 clients.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">JWT is the first ad network to have an office in Kabul, Afghanistan, since 2004.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Clients of JWT include: HSBC, DTC, Ford, Jet Blue, Kellogg, Nestle, Macy's, Stride, Royal Caribbean, Shell, Pfizer, Unilever, Vodafone, De Beers, Safi Airways, Tim Hortons, Roshan and the United States Marine Corps</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">JWT claims to be the first agency to:</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> * invent copy and layouts</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> * build the first full-service advertising agency</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> * pioneer ad careers for women</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> * produce the first sponsored TV program</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> * develop account planning</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> * create the first international network</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> * Create the first Advertisment in Second Life (Ford Argentina)</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">jwt (Haldeman)</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/watergate/stories/halobit.htm</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Harry Robbins Haldeman was born on Oct. 27, 1926, in Los Angeles. His father, Harry F. Haldeman, was a prosperous plumbing, heating and air conditioning supplier and a supporter of Republican causes.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Young Haldeman was an Eagle Scout. He attended the University of Redlands and the University of Southern California, served in the Naval Reserve in World War II, then went to the University of California at Los Angeles, where he graduated in 1948. One of his classmates was John Ehrlichman.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 1949, Haldeman joined the J. Walter Thompson advertising agency and became an account executive in New York. In 1959, he returned to Los Angeles as vice president and manager of the California office.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Haldeman became an admirer of Nixon in 1947, when the latter was leading the House Un-American Activities Committee in efforts to unmask the communist connections of Alger Hiss, a former high State Department official.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 1952, when Nixon was Dwight D. Eisenhower's vice presidential running mate, Haldeman's father was one of the businessmen who contributed to a private political expense fund for Nixon. When the existence of the fund became known, Nixon gave his famous "Checkers" television speech, which saved his place on the GOP ticket.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">[G.O.P. GIFTS ASKED IN BIG AD AGENCY; J. Walter Thompson Official Solicits Aid to 'Preserve Business Confidence' Termed 'Invasion of Privacy' Scale of Gifts Suggested</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">By PETER KIHSS</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">June 12, 1956, Tuesday</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Page 18, 702 words</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">A leading advertising executive has solicited some of his agency's employes for contributions to re-elect President Eisenhower "to preserve this climate of business confidence." His letter suggests that "business uncertainty" might follow an Eisenhower defeat. [ END OF FIRST PARAGRAPH ]]</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The younger Haldeman tried to work for Nixon in 1952, succeeded as an advance man for Nixon in the 1956 and 1960 campaigns and was named manager of his unsuccessful campaign for the governorship of California in 1962.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 1968, he was chief of staff of Nixon's presidential campaign. In presenting a "new" Nixon to the electorate, Haldeman said, he was guided, first, by the idea that the candidate appeared rattled when he was fatigued, and second, that the existence of electronic media meant that strenuous campaigning all over the country was unnecessary. The result was a campaign in which Nixon appeared relaxed and in control of the issues.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In later years, Haldeman was a vice president of the David H. Murdoch real estate development company. He also had interests in restaurants and hotels. He let his hair grow and took on an altogether softer image. He devoted much time to his family.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">http://library.duke.edu/specialcollections/hartman/guides/jwt-history.html</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Founded in New York in 1864 as Carlton and Smith, an advertising broker buying and selling space in the popular religious journals of the nineteenth century, the firm was purchased and renamed by James Walter Thompson in 1878. Under Thompson's leadership the Company expanded its operations to include the placing of advertisements in women's magazines, an innovation to which the young business owed much of its success. As early as the 1890s the Company established branch offices in Boston, Chicago, and London. It began to create advertisements and to aid clients in the development of trademarks and package designs.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In the early decades of the twentieth century Thompson created the advertisements which first introduces numerous now well-known products to the American consumer. The Company's innovative methods included the sophisticated use of testimonial advertising, such as employing royalty and socialites in Pond's advertisements, and the use of photography in advertisements.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">To foster a scientific approach to advertising the Company established a Research Department in 1915 and hired eminent academics such as John B. Watson, the founder of behavioral psychology. These professionals added a new dimension to marketing research as J. Walter Thompson applied motivational studies to advertising, initiated the use of scientific and medical findings as a basis for copy, and established the Consumer Panel composed of families whose buying habits where surveyed and the results supplied to clients.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">When General Motors Export Corporation became a client in 1927, the Company saw the opportunity to expand beyond the United States and Great Britain. Thompson offices were opened throughout Europe and in Africa, Asia, Australia, and Latin America.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Thompson also expanded into the new advertisement medium of radio. The Radio Department produced some of the most popular shows on the air during the 1930s and 1940s, including "Kraft Music Hall," "Lux Radio Theater," and "The Chase and Sanborn Hour."</b> Thompson's success in radio was repeated in the new medium of television. The Company produced television's first variety show, "The Hour Glass," and its first dramatic show, "Kraft Television Theater." By the late 1950s the networks were assuming the agencies' and advertisers' program activities, but Thompson nevertheless helped develop "Father Knows Best," "Naked City," "Wagon Train," "Ozzie and Harriet," "Kraft Music Hall," "Bat Masterson," and "Have Gun, Will Travel."</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Board Meeting, 1960s, JWTJ. Walter Thompson became a publicly-held corporation in 1969. Its international billings topped those from the United States for the first time in 1973. In 1980 the firm was reorganized to form a new holding company, JWT Group Inc., with J. Walter Thompson as the largest subsidiary. Other subsidiaries were advertising, public relations, and marketing firms which Thompson had acquired during the 1970s. In June 1987 JWT Group was merged with the British company WPP Group. In 2005, the agency officially changed its name to JWT. JWT has continued to be an industry leader. For over one hundred and forty years it has been an a preeminent force in the growth of modern advertising.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">88, dUKAKIS WAS AHEAD, b1 HIRED jwt: Politicians to Dukakis Team: Campaign Needs Some Pros</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">[CITY Edition]</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Newsday - Long Island, N.Y.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Author: By Patrick J. Sloyan. Newsday Washington Bureau</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Date: Sep 9, 1988</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">He had been linked with President Nixon since the latter's 1962 gubernatorial run in California and stayed with Nixon in his comeback that led to the White House.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">But it was during the Watergate investigation that Ziegler became best known.<b> Ziegler</b> often was called "the voice of Nixon" and spoke for the president when it was considered expedient for him to do so.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">As Nixon's press secretary, he was known for his professional ability, even though he had not taken the traditional road -- involving positions in the print or electronic media -- to the press secretary's office.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">During the investigation following the 1972 break-in at the Democratic Party offices at the Watergate, Ziegler chided the media for "too much dwelling on Watergate" during a 1974 news conference with the president. Two days after the break-in her termed the event as a "third-rate burglary," adding that "certain elements may try to stretch this beyond what it is." Nixon had Ziegler deny that anyone in the White House had anything to do with Watergate.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">After several White House aides resigned because of Watergate, Ziegler made a public apology to Washington Post reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein, who broke the story and eventually linked it to the White House. The events led to Nixon's resignation on Aug. 9, 1974.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Ziegler had served Nixon before the presidential election. He handled Nixon's ill-starred gubernatorial campaign in California in 1962, the year that the loser to incumbent Gov. Pat Brown predicted, "You won't have Dick Nixon to kick around anymore."</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Six years later, after he had changed his mind, Nixon successfully sought the Republican presidential nomination and after winning the election again tapped Ziegler to be his spokesman.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Ziegler was born May 12, 1939, in Covington, Ky. He was an all-state high school fullback. He also lettered in baseball and track, winning an athletic scholarship to Xavier University, across the Ohio River border in Cincinnati.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">While Ziegler was a freshman at Xavier, his father was transferred to Los Angeles. Ziegler joined his family in California that summer and got a job at Disneyland. In September, he transferred from Xavier to the University of Southern California.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 1960, Ziegler became president of the Young Republicans on the USC campus and campaigned for Nixon in his losing bid for the presidency against Sen. John F. Kennedy.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">His real entry into politics came following his graduation from USC when California's GOP chairman, John Kriebel, hired him as press representative for Republican legislators during a special session of the legislature.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Then he was assigned as traveling press aide to Nixon in the unsuccessful campaign against Brown, working under the supervision of Press Secretary Herbert Klein.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">At the time of Nixon's return to politics in 1968, Ziegler was working at the J. Walter Thompson advertising agency as an administrative assistant to H. R. Haldeman, manager of the Los Angeles office and later Nixon's chief of staff.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">At J. Walter Thompson, Ziegler handled accounts for the 7-Up Bottling Co., Blue Chip saving stamps, KNBC-TV, and Disneyland. During this period Ziegler also did part-time volunteer work for George Murphy's successful U.S. Senate race in 1964 and Robert Finch's winning lieutenant governor's race in 1966.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">http://www.upi.com/Top_News/2003/02/10/Ron-Ziegler-Nixon-press-secretary-dies/UPI-89711044937711/</font>
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<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">-</font>
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<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">groovy poster wes wilson</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">A few years later while in San Francisco I happened to meet a former employee who had worked at the J. Walter Thompson Company at that time. He told me that Haldeman had the printing plates for this poster framed and hung on the walls of his office. Confused, I asked why but didn’t get an explanation. I later learned that Richard Nixon had been a client of this firm during his successful 1968 campaign for the presidency.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Truly it is a small world. Once elected, President Nixon appointed Haldeman to be his right hand-man in the White House, the Chief of Staff. Mr. Dwight L. Chapin, also employed by the J. Walter Thompson Company, was appointed Special Assistant to President Nixon. Interestingly, Dwight L. Chapin, Ron Ziegler, and Donald Segretti all studied law together at the University of Southern California. Ron Ziegler also found a place in the White House as President Nixon’s Press Secretary.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In the Nixon White House Mr. Chapin was assigned the special responsibility of attending to various acts of political sabotage and espionage against the Democratic Party. Chapin then recruited Donald Segretti as part of an anti-Democrat “dirty tricks” campaign. I believe that journalists Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein later discovered that Segretti had attempted to smear leading politicians such as Democratic Senators George McGovern, Edward Kennedy, Edmund Muskie, and Henry Jackson. These smear tactics included the release of a faked letter on Muskie’s letterhead falsely alleging that Jackson had had an illegitimate child with a 17-year-old girl. Segretti, the Republican “dirty tricks” operative working for Nixon, was later convicted and sent to prison for involvement in Watergate.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">So where are they today? Many have died. However, President Bush’s Executive Assistant is, of course, Karl Christian Rove. It’s my understanding that Karl Rove’s mentor was Donald Segretti. Segretti is now out of prison and could be up to his old tricks again. He is back into politics, in 2000 Segretti surfaced as co-chair of John McCain’s campaign in Orange County, California.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">“Dirty tricks” are still being used in politics so as to confound the many and serve the few. BROOKS BROS As I understand it, documents released to the IRS nineteen months after the 2000 election show that the Bush team spent over a million dollars to fly operatives into Florida to block the vote counting (clogging up the public counting places, shouting, shoving, and being as rowdy as needed to fulfill their mission) and another million to pay for their hotel bills. The effort also relied on a fleet of corporate jets controlled by people like Enron chairman Kenneth Lay and Halliburton, where Vice President Dick Cheney had just served as CEO.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">When Karl Rove was publicly honored by President Bush right after his re-election, he smiled toward the blushing Karl and declared that his Executive Assistant was the architect of it all. On February 8, 2005, Karl Rove was appointed Deputy Chief of Staff in charge of policy.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">http://www.wes-wilson.com/?cat=9</font>
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<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">-</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Helen Resor writes first chapter</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">From modest beginnings at a mail-order toilet preparations' company, Helen Lansdowne probably did not anticipate becoming the most influential copywriter in the 1920s, the first woman of real prominence in advertising, and the inventor of a revolutionary style in the industry.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">She started as bill auditor at Proctor and Collier, a Cincinnati advertising agency that functioned mainly as the house agency for Proctor and Gamble. There she met her eventual husband, Stanley B. Resor. They became a successful business team and were married a year after Resor became president of the company in 1917. Eventually, they went on to dominate the advertising world through another company, J. Walter Thompson.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"As a couple they realized women were making marketing decisions," said John Resor, Stanley and Helen's grandson and a current Jackson resident.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">When Woodbury's Facial Soap came to JWT as a client, Helen wrote the ads, increasing their sales by 1,000 percent in eight years.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"The surprising thing is my grandmother ended up being vice president of the firm," said Bill Resor, John's brother. "But as soon as she got married, she never took a salary."</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Her success prompted activism in other arenas. She organized a group who marched in the women's suffrage parade in New York in 1916; she brought to advertising eminent photographer Edward Steichen, whose work eventually changed the entire appearance of modern advertising. She commissioned historian Lewis Mumford to compile a list of 3,000 books to be purchased for the use of company employees. Between 1935 and 1940, she served as a trustee of the Museum of Modern Art in New York. Helen Lansdowne Resor was elected into the Advertising Hall of Fame three years after her death in 1964.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"My grandmother was pretty amazing," John said.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Stanley B.: Patriarch, renaissance man, rancher</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Although his wife was the creative energy behind<b> J. Walter Thompson's ad campaigns</b>, Stanley B. Resor was a pioneer.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Stanley B. was the first major agency leader with a college degree (Yale 1901). Though his first job was in his family's stove manufacturing business, he became president of the J. Walter Thompson Advertising firm. When he retired, JWT's billings were more than $370 million, with a staff of 6,225 employed in 55 offices in the United States and abroad. Under the couple's direction, JWT became the largest single integrated advertising agency in the world. A founder of the American Association of Advertising Agencies, Stanley B. led JWT to No. 1 status by 1927. He worked there for almost 40 years.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 1929 he began pursuing what would become a second lifelong career in Jackson Hole.</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">http://www.planetjh.com/news/A_100042.aspx</font>
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<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Inventing the Commercial</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">THE IMPERIUM OF modern television advertising was born in desperate improvisation</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">BY HARRY MATTHEI</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/ah/1997/3/1997_3_62.shtml</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">RJR, VW</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In 1952 Reeves wrote, produced, and directed the first TV spots ever used in a presidential election. They were titled “The Man From Abilene.” He gave Dwight Eisenhower very few lines to speak on camera, relying on Ike’s folksy image rather than his painfully self-conscious acting. By election day “The Man From Abilene” was almost as omnipresent on the tube as Ivory soap or Listerine. Some people were shocked to see Eisenhower peddled like toothpaste, but Adlai Stevenson became the last presidential candidate not to use television.</font>
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<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">---</font>
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Her friend had known Segetti, Chapin and Tim Elbourne since collage. He referred to the "USC Mafia" in the White House and said Segetti and Elbourne had been called by their schoolmates Dwight Chapin and Ron Ziegler to help in the Nixon reelection business.
All belonged to a campus political party called "Trojans for Representative Government". The Trojans called their brand of electioneering "ratfucking". Ballot boxes were stuffed, spies were planted in the opposition camp, and bogus campaign literature abounded. Ziegler and Chapin had hooked onto Richard Nixon's 1962 campaign for governor of California-managed by Bob Haldeman. After graduation, Ziegler, Chapin and Elbourne had joined the J. Walter Thompson advertising agency in Los Angeles, where Haldeman was vice president. Segetti had been summoned to Washington and trained to work in a presidential election, according to Karlyn Barker's friend.
Bernstein called the Justice Department official who had originally told him Segetti was part of the Watergate investigation. "Yes, political sabotage is associated with Segetti. I've heard the term for it, 'ratfucking', the official said. There is some very powerful information, especially if it comes out before November 7," the day of the election.
Did Segetti have anything to do with "Canuck Letter?"
Bernstein had been reading the clippings on the primaries for any examples of malicious tricks. Finally he hit with one call. Ratfucking?" The word struck a raw nerve with a Justice Department attorney. "You can go right to the top with that one. I was shocked when I learned about it. I couldn't believe it. These are public servants? God. It's nauseating. You're talking about fellows who come from the best schools in the country. Men who run the government!"
From 'All the President's Men'
<a href="http://www.dailykos.com/story/2006/4/7/22533/89209." target="_blank">The USC Ratfucking Techniques </a></font></p>
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