Hunt Bros Oil

=promoted 2nd, pioneer EL PASO TX 79913 Woody L Hunt likely Woody L Hunt of Hunt Companies. trump inaug rick perry<a href="https://kpfa.org/episode/against-the-grain-february-20-2017/">https://kpfa.org/episode/against-the-grain-february-20-2017/</a>ceo sears?The overtly racist politics of Donald Trump has been called unprecedented — a break from the Republican Party’s past rules of engagement.  But a look backward, particularly at the GOP’s Southern Strategy to woo white voters based on segregationist or racist appeals, indicates how inaccurate that assumption is. Edward H. Miller discusses the origins of the Southern Strategy in segregated Dallas, and how the ideas of Texas ultraconservatives became the national politics of the Republican Party. (Encore presentation.)Resources:Edward H. Miller,<a href="http://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/N/bo19197692.html" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none;"> Nut Country: Right-Wing Dallas and the Birth of the Southern Strategy</a> University of Chicago Press, 2015

dallas 1963 bk: 1st big rw radio ~ jfk===

rt nation:  oilman HL hunt said votes shd be based on wealth; BG said to be tainted w/ socialism 43 McC accused gen'l/geo marshall, by '55 has degraded ~commie card

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Hightower:

It's unlikely that you have heard of a novel entitled Alpaca, but it was a remarkably portentous piece of political writing by one of America's first billionaires, Dallas oilman <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt" target="_blank">H. L. Hunt</a>. Self-published in 1960, the 191-page book laid out his vision of a libertarian, plutocratic utopia.

Hunt's ideal society was one in which the wealthiest would have a disproportionate say in government. He saw them as the achievers and, as proven by their riches, the most meritorious of citizens. They should get not one vote, he believed, but three, for they could be trusted to protect the volatile masses from the rise of populists.

The book was met with well-deserved hoots of laughter, derision, and outrage, and H. L. spent the rest of his life branded as the self-indulgent billionaire that he was. None could imagine at the time that Hunt's preposterous plutocratic kookiness would ever creep from the fringe into the center of American politics. Yet, 50 years later, the essence of his anti-democracy screed is back with a vengeance. It has gotten political lift from another generation of self-serving billionaires, been sanctioned by a cabal of corporatists on the US Supreme Court, and become the guiding 'principle' for Republican congress critters, governors, and legislators.

However, instead of following Hunt's clumsy plan of increasing the number of votes that moneyed elites get, today's proponents of corporate plutocracy have simply elevated money itself above votes, establishing cold, hard cash as the real coin of political power. The more you spend on politics, the bigger your voice is in government, making the vast vaults of billionaires and corporations far superior to the voices of mere voters. Indeed, politicians (Republicans and Democrats alike) rarely speak to ordinary people anymore. They talk to Big Money, and when elected, Big Money talks to them.

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Sheikh Bakhsh's banker, Khalid bin Mahfouz, now 73, is the son of the founder of the leading bank in Saudi Arabia, the National Commercial Bank, founded in 1950. In the 70's the Mahfouz family joined the Hunt brothers of Texas in cornering the world silver market in an attempt to <a href="http://www.buyandhold.com/bh/en/education/history/2000/hunt_bros.html">manipulate the price</a>.

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helms mojo 1995

<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt</a>

Nelson Bunker Hunt played a very significant role in the discovery and development of the oil fields in <a title="Libya" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libya">Libya</a> which would later be nationalized by <a title="Muammar al-Gaddafi" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muammar_al-Gaddafi">Muammar al-Gaddafi</a>.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt#cite_note-Libya-3">[4]</a>

He owns the <a title="Dallas, Texas" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect">Dallas, Texas</a> based Titan Resources Corp which is involved in the exploration of oil in North Africa<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt#cite_note-4">[5]</a>. He is chairman of Hunt Exploration and Mining Company (HEMCO).[<a title="Wikipedia:Citation needed" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed">citation needed</a>]

<h2>[<a title="Edit section: Silver Thursday" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nelson_Bunker_Hunt&action=edit&section=3">edit</a>] Silver Thursday</h2>

<div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a title="Silver Thursday" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver_Thursday">Silver Thursday</a></div>

Beginning in the early 1970s, Hunt and his brother William Herbert Hunt began accumulating large amounts of silver. By 1979, they had nearly cornered the global market.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt#cite_note-TEXAS-5">[6]</a> In the last nine months of 1979, the brothers earned an estimated $2 billion to $4 billion in silver speculation, with estimated silver holdings of 100 million <a title="Troy weight" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troy_weight#Troy_ounce">ounces</a>.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt#cite_note-Time1-6">[7]</a>

During the Hunt brothers' accumulation of the precious metal, prices of silver <a title="Futures contracts" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futures_contracts" class="mw-redirect">futures contracts</a> and silver bullion during 1979 and 1980 rose from $11 an ounce in September 1979 to $50 an ounce in January 1980. Silver prices ultimately collapsed to below $11 an ounce two months later. The largest single day drop in the price of silver occurred on <a title="Silver Thursday" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver_Thursday">Silver Thursday</a>.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt#cite_note-NYT-0">[1]</a>

Hunt filed for bankruptcy under <a title="Chapter 11, Title 11, United States Code" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapter_11,Title_11,United_States_Code">Chapter 11 of the Federal Bankruptcy Code</a> in September 1988, largely due to lawsuits incurred as a result of his silver speculation.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt#cite_note-NYT-0">[1]</a>

In 1989 in a settlement with the <a title="United States" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States">United States</a> <a title="Commodity Futures Trading Commission" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodity_Futures_Trading_Commission">Commodity Futures Trading Commission</a>, Nelson Bunker Hunt was fined US$10 million and banned from trading in the commodity markets as a result of charges of conspiring to manipulate the silver market stemming from his attempt to <a title="Corner the market" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corner_the_market" class="mw-redirect">corner the market</a> in silver.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt#cite_note-NYT-0">[1]</a> This fine was in addition to a multimillion-dollar settlement to pay back taxes, fines and interest tneral <a title="John K. Singlaub" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_K.Singlaub">John K. Singlaub</a>, journalist John Rees, and Democratic Congressman from Georgia <a title="Larry McDonald" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larry_McDonald">Larry McDonald</a>. During the mid 1980s, Bunker Hunt contributed almost half a million U.S. dollars to the "The National Endowment for the Preservation of Liberty" (NEPL),<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt#cite_note-IranContraWalsh-8">[9]</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt#cite_note-CongressionalCommittee-9">[</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt#cite_note-CongressionalCommittee-9">10]</a> a conservative fundraising organization later heavily implicated in the <a title="Iran-Contra affair" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran-Contra_affair" class="mw-redirect">Iran-Contra affair</a>.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt#cite_note-IranContraNYT-10">[11]</a> Hunt is past Chairman of the Board of the Bible Society of Texas and the past Chairman of, and significant contributor to <a title="Campus Crusade for Christ" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campus_Crusade_for_Christ">Campus Crusade for Christ</a> International's "Here's Life" Campaign (1976-80),<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt#cite_note-Diamond-11">[12]</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt#cite_note-Evangelicalism-12">[</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt#cite_note-Evangelicalism-12">13]</a> as well as providing a $3.5 million loan guarantee for the 1979 Campus Crusade film "<a title="Jesus (1979 film)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesus%281979_film%29">Jesus</a>".<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt#cite_note-Time2-13">[14]</a>

<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading">Western Goals Foundation</h1>

<h2> Reagan connections</h2>

"...the White House brought together a coalition of "retired" military men and right-wing millionaires to support the "Nicaragua Freedom Fund," chaired by Wall Street investment executive William Simon. Contributors included familiar right-wing figures like TV evangelist Pat Robertson, Colorado beer baron Joseph Coors, oil magnate Nelson Bunker Hunt, singer Pat Boone, and Soldier of Fortune magazine. The Fund claimed to raise over $20 million through activities such as a $250-a-plate "Nicaraguan refugee" dinner in April 1985 attended by Casey and Simon and featuring a speech by Reagan. In reality, the Fund was a propaganda front, spending almost as much money as it raised. An audit of the "refugee dinner" showed it had raised $219,525 but costs totaled $218,376, including $116,938 in "consulting fees."

"The main purpose of the Nicaraguan Freedom Fund was to divert attention from the covert channels through which real money flowed to the contras in violation of the Boland Amendment. One of those channels was a specialized PR firm, International Business Communications, which pleaded guilty in 1987 to fraud by using a tax-exempt foundation to raise funds to arm the contras. It had been a profitable business, according to the Iran/Contra congressional investigating committee, which concluded that IBC had kept about $1.7 million of the $5 million it channeled to the contras. 39

Hunt ontributed to the contras through NEPL, $484,500.

Hunt once illegally tried to corner the silver market

<a href="http://www.dkosopedia.com/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt">http://www.dkosopedia.com/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt</a>

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<a id="hwhunt" name="hwhunt"> </a>Herbert William Hunt- CNP Board of Governors (1982). Multimillionaire and brother to <a href="http://watch.pair.com/database1.html#nbhunt" style="text-decoration: underline;">Nelson Bunker Hunt</a>. In 1981, William Herbert and Nelson Bunker Hunt provided the start-up money for the Council for National Policy.

A subsidiary of the pro-Nazi German American National Congress [DANK], the council is headed by Karol Sitko...Sitko was also the organizer for the West German branch of the Western Goals Foundation, a far-right political organizing and research group which, until the death of its founder, Congressman Larry MacDonald, was essentially a front for the John Birch Society's private intelligence network. In Germany, Sitko organized rallies in Nuremberg and Hanover drawing 240,000 people. He was supported by billionaire H.L. Hunt and <a href="http://watch.pair.com/database2.html#singlaub" style="text-decoration: underline;">General John Singlaub</a>. His activities were conducted in concert with the Anti-Bolshevik Block of Nations.

Renamed Conservative Alliance (CALL), this group was organized by the late <a href="http://watch.pair.com/database1.html#dolan" style="text-decoration: underline;">Terry Dolan</a>'s National Conservative Political Action Committee (NCPAC is Laos in the Coalition for Peace Through Strength). CALL has received major funding through groups affiliated with Rev. Sun Myung Moon, according to the Wall Street Journal and other reports. CALL started the National Coalition for America's Survival, which includes the newly-reincarnated America First Committee...One of the three groups in the Coalition headed by Lady Malcolm Douglas-Hamilton, who is also on the board of the American Security Council Foundation. Her deceased husband, part of the British aristocracy, was the brother of Rudolph Hess when, in 1940, Hess made his secret flight to England. Hess, a top aide to Hitler and Nazi Party official, sought to meet with the British aristocratic circles known as the Cliveden Set. Sympathetic to Hitler's war aims, the Cliveden Set tried to get England out of the war it had declared against Germany in September 1939, after Germany invaded Poland. Hess was arrested and imprisoned. After Lord Douglas came to the U.S., he established an American branch of a racial eugenics group headquartered in Scotland.

The oil billionaire Hunt brothers and <a href="http://watch.pair.com/database1.html#helms" style="text-decoration: underline;">Jesse Helms</a> are members of this group. It was headed by Robert Gayre, who published the racialist Mankind Quarterly until <a href="http://watch.pair.com/heritage.html#nazi" style="text-decoration: underline;">Roger Pearson</a> took it over in 1978. [Bellant, ON 45-6]

<a id="mrhunt" name="mrhunt"> </a>Mary Reilly Hunt - CNP Board of Governors (1996). <a href="http://www.maltausa.org/american_leadership_committees.php" target="_blank">Order of Malta</a>, Education Committee; President, Mary Reilly Hunt and Associates, Inc., a development consulting organization; clients include National Right to Life Committee, NRL Political Action Committee, and the NRL Educational Trust Fund, also Birthright, the Society for the Protection of Unborn Children (Great Britain), and the Right to Life of Queensland (Australia); partner, [Mormon] Charles S. Carriker Associates; vice president/development, National Right to Life Committee; member, National Association of Female Executives; listed in Who's Who of American Women, Who's Who of the World, and Who's Who of Women Executives; active in the Republican Party at the local, state, and national levels; delegate to state and national Republican conventions. South Bend, Indiana.

<a id="nbhunt" name="nbhunt"> </a>Nelson Bunker Hunt - CNP President Executive Committee (1983); CNP Senior Executive Committee (1983-84); CNP Executive Committee (1988). Heir of the Hunt Oil Company fortune. Financial backer of CNP, CBN, JBS & ?. In 1951, Nelson Bunker Hunt and Wallace Johnson, founder of Holiday Inns, worked with and funded Bill Bright's Campus Crusade for Christ to the tune of $15.5 million. In 1967, formed Christian World Liberation Front (CWLF) as a covert front for Campus Crusade, which split off and became a leading ministry in the Jesus People movement. Bunker Hunt arranged a retreat for more than 500 millionaires who pledged $20 to Campus Crusade. Once organized a paramilitary force called "Americans Volunteer Group" which he intended to use as death squad against political opponents. [Hougan 55-56; Saloma 53; Diamond 51-56, 250]

In 1967, Nelson Bunker Hunt provided Cameron Townsend, founder of the Summer Institute of Linguistics (SIL) and the Wycliffe Bible Translators, property in Dallas for a new international translation center. Thy Will Be Done, by Colby and Dennett, documents the connections between Wycliffe Bible Translators, the Rockefeller family, and the CIA and who carried out the genocide of indigenous tribes in the Amazon basin. Also funded <a href="http://watch.pair.com/database1.html#mcateer" style="text-decoration: underline;">Ed McAteer</a>, "the Colgate-Palmolive salesman who was the organizing force behind the politicized Fundamentalist movement... The sheer human energy amassed by wealthy SIL backers like North Carolina's James A. Jones, one of the largest contractors for military bases in Vietnam, and oilman Nelson Bunker Hunt of Texas. 'Bunker Hunt had helped me considerable,' McAteer freely offered...Wycliffe Associates' '500 Club' was designed to offer the richer members a way out of service through cash; $500 or more each year was all it took to get a special certificate of membership. Some gave much more. Texas's corporate leaders were prominent in helping Cam build SIL's International Linguistics Center near Dallas; the Linguistics Center's board meeting was one of those special occasions where a Rockefeller business partner like Trammel Crow could rub shoulders with an ultra rightist like Nelson Bunker Hunt. But they were the old core of supporters." [Colby & Dennett 570, 805]

[Nelson Bunker Hunt] funded the "STEP Program and Foundation"... the result of a meeting of some 200 ...wealthy and powerful evangelical, religious, political and business leaders... 76. held on Dallas, Texas April 21st and 22nd 1982, at the behest of multimillionaires Clint Murchison, Jr. and Nelson Bunker Hunt! STEP, an acronym for "Strategies to Eliminate Poverty" was ...formed to alleviate poverty through private sector funding and volunteerism...! 77. According to the Christian Inquirer, Nelson Bunker Hunt "kicked off" the STEP Program in November of 1981, with a $1 million contribution. It is most interesting to note that among those attending the April 1982 meeting in Dallas, besides the previously mentioned Dr. William R. Bright, Murchison, and Hunt, were: Dallas Cowboy Coach Tom Landry, Television evangelists Jim Baker, James Robison and <a href="http://watch.pair.com/database2.html/index.html#robertson" style="text-decoration: underline;">Pat Robertson</a>, <a href="http://watch.pair.com/database1.html#hcoors" style="text-decoration: underline;">Holly Coors</a>, Dallas businesswoman <a href="http://watch.pair.com/database1.html#crowley" style="text-decoration: underline;">Mary C. Crowley</a>, and the <a href="http://watch.pair.com/database1.html#evhill" style="text-decoration: underline;">Reverend E.V. Hill</a> - keynote speaker at the meeting and president of STEP. [Miller 4]

<a href="http://watch.pair.com/database1.html#hwhunt">http://watch.pair.com/database1.html#hwhunt</a>

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Big Rich

Vanity Fair special correspondent Bryan Burrough, co-author of Barbarians at the Gate , spent 31/2 years crawling through West Texas courthouses and Austin libraries as well as massaging interviews from prickly heirs to produce his new book, The Big Rich: The Rise and Fall of the Greatest Texas Oil Fortunes.

While his theme is what he calls "the Big Four"– H.L. Hunt, Clint Murchison Sr., Sid Richardson and Hugh Roy Cullen – he takes interesting detours to unearth stories of Glenn McCarthy (the inspiration for the movie Giant 's Jett Rink), Fort Worth's Bass brothers and the ubiquitous John Connally.

While most Americans wrestled with the Great Depression, from 1931 onward, a band of Texas oil titans amassed fortunes that eclipsed those of the Rockefellers and Mellons and enjoyed their wealth with a hedonistic abandon that crafted a view of Texas that still holds in the remotest reaches of the globe.

Best friends Richardson and Murchison Sr. owned adjoining Texas coastal islands while Clint Murchison Jr. bought a tropical island in the Bahamas . They introduced a world of luxury private planes, huge ranches and tabloid-worthy gaucheries to a nation devastated by an economic collapse and sobered by World War II.

...

The Hunts, Murchisons and Cullens have all been bloodied in the past because of the founding fathers' right-wing politics, which was chum in the water for conspiracy theorists.

"But you can just dismiss the conspiracy people," advises Burrough.

Oliver Stone's take

The most persistent canard is that the night before President Kennedy was murdered, Clint Murchison Sr. called a meeting of the oil elite at his Preston Road estate with Hunt and others to plan a coup d'etat. Oliver Stone included the scene in the movie Nixon , placing the former vice president at the party with Larry Hagman playing an unnamed oil tycoon who treated Nixon like a supplicant.

The facts have not gotten in the way of the story. In reality, by 1963, Clint Sr. had turned his big estate over to his son John. "Pop was stroke-ridden at that time and it was very difficult for him to talk," says Clint Sr.'s grandson Robert Murchison. "He spent the vast majority of his time at Gladoaks [his ranch in East Texas]. And Pop and H.L. Hunt did not socialize."

"It's so outlandish, it doesn't bother us," says Robert's brother Burk Murchison.

But one thing Stone got right was the attitude with which the oillionaires viewed Richard Nixon in the 1950s.

According to Burrough, candidates Dwight Eisenhower and Nixon visited Clint Murchison's Hotel Del Charro in La Jolla, Calif., to pay their respects to Big Clint, Richardson and their rich friends.

"They spoke to Nixon like he was an office boy," the Del Charro's manager Allan Witwer is quoted as saying in The Big Rich.

...

Not all of The Big Rich is a distillation of previously told stories. Burrough is one of the first reporters to get below the topsoil of Fort Worth's secretive Sid Richardson, a lifelong bachelor with no direct heirs and no known lady friends. In 1957, Ladies Home Journal estimated him to be the wealthiest man in America. And he intended to leave every dime to the Sid Richardson Foundation, shutting out his loyal nephew and right-hand man, Perry Bass, and Perry's four sons, today's billionaire Bass brothers.

But in his autobiography, former Gov. John Connally told how he, as Richardson's personal attorney, interceded and asked that he leave money to the Basses.

"Why should I?" Richardson snapped.

In the end, he bequeathed his retreat, St. Joe Island, and $2 million each to Perry and his four sons. The rest went to the foundation.

What Burrough reveals is that Perry Bass, the dominant member of the foundation's board, then sought a ruling from the Texas attorney general that allowed him to buy back the bulk of Uncle Sid's oil production from the foundation with a loan from Chase Manhattan.

It was a timely purchase. In 1970, Congress passed a law outlawing that type of inside dealing with a foundation.

"I don't know if there would be a Bass fortune today if not for that transaction," says Burrough.The Big Rich

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DAD

<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt</a>

Haroldson Lafayette "H. L." Hunt, Jr. (February 17, 1889 – November 29, 1974), known throughout his life as "H. L. Hunt," was a Texas <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">oil</a> tycoon and political activist. By trading poker winnings for oil rights, he ultimately secured title to much of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Texas_Oil_Field" title="East Texas Oil Field" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">East Texas Oil Field</a>, one of the world's largest oil deposits. From it and his other acquisitions, he accrued a fortune that was among the world's largest; at the time of his death, he was reputed to have the highest net worth of any individual in the world. His personal life, which featured many children by three wives, was among the chief inspirations for the television series <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas(1978_TV_series)" title="Dallas (1978 TV series)" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Dallas</a>, whose character <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.R.Ewing" title="J.R. Ewing" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">J.R. Ewing</a> was largely based on popular perceptions of Hunt. The Texas city of Hunt is named after him.

<h2 style="background-image: none; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px 0px 0.6em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border: none; display: inline;">Contents</h2>

[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt#" class="internal" id="togglelink" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">hide</a>] </div>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt#Personal" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">2 Personal</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt#Family" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">3 Family</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt#Notes" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">5 Notes</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt#Further_reading" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">6 Further reading</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt#External_links" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">7 External links</a></li>

</ul>

</div>

Hunt was born near <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramsey,Illinois" title="Ramsey, Illinois" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Ramsey</a>, in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carson_Township,Fayette_County,Illinois" title="Carson Township, Fayette County, Illinois" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Carson Township</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fayette_County,Illinois" title="Fayette County, Illinois" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Fayette County, Illinois</a>, the youngest of eight children. He was named after his father, Haroldson Lafayette Hunt, who was a prosperous farmer-entrepreneur; his mother was Ella Rose (Myers) Hunt.

Hunt was educated at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_schooling" title="Home schooling" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">home</a>. As a teenager Hunt traveled to various places before settling in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Arkansas</a>, where he was running a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_plantation" title="Cotton plantation" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">cotton plantation</a> by 1912. He had a reputation as a math prodigy and was a gambler. It was said that after his cotton plantation was flooded, he turned his last $100 into more than $100,000, gambling in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">New Orleans</a>. With his winnings, he purchased oil properties in the neighborhood of<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Dorado,Arkansas" title="El Dorado, Arkansas" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">El Dorado</a>, Arkansas. He was generous to his employees, who in turn were loyal to him, informing him of rumors of a massive oil field to the south, in Deep East Texas — the East Texas Oil Field. In negotiations over cheese and crackers, at the Adolphus Hotel in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Dallas</a>, with the charlatan who discovered the field--<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbus_Marion_Joiner" title="Columbus Marion Joiner" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">"Dad" Joiner</a>—Hunt secured title to what was then the largest known oil deposit in the world, having agreed to pay only $1,000,000, and protect Mr. Joiner from liability for his many fraudulent transactions surrounding the property. In 1957 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortune(magazine)" title="Fortune (magazine)" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Fortune</a> estimated that Hunt had a fortune of between <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">U.S.</a> $400 million and $700 million ($4.5 billion in 2011, adjusted for inflation),<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt#cite_note-2" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none; white-space: nowrap;">[2]</a>and was one of the eight <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wealthiest_Americans(1957)" title="Wealthiest Americans (1957)" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">richest people</a> in the United States. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.Paul_Getty" title="J. Paul Getty" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">J. Paul Getty</a>, who was considered at the time to be the richest private citizen in the world, said of Hunt: "In terms of extraordinary, independent wealth, there is only one man: H.L. Hunt."<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt#cite_note-3" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none; white-space: nowrap;">[3]</a>

<h2 style="background-image: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0.6em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170);">Personal<span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.25em; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate; direction: ltr;">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt?veaction=edit&vesection=2" title="Edit section: Personal" class="mw-editsection-link-primary" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">edit</a>]<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H.L.Hunt&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Personal" class="mw-editsection-link-secondary" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none; visibility: hidden;"> </a></h2>

Hunt had fifteen children by three wives.

He married Lyda Bunker of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Village,Arkansas" title="Lake Village, Arkansas" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Lake Village, Arkansas</a> in November 1914, and remained married to her until her death in 1955.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L._Hunt#cite_note-4" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none; white-space: nowrap;">[4]</a> His seven children by her were: Margaret (born 1915), Haroldson (“Hassie,” 1917), Caroline (1923), Lyda (born and died in 1925), <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt" title="Nelson Bunker Hunt" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Nelson Bunker</a> (1926), William Herbert (1929), and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamar_Hunt" title="Lamar Hunt" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Lamar</a> (1932). Their home to the north of White Rock Lake in Dallas was an exact model of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Vernon" title="Mount Vernon" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Mount Vernon</a>.

His first son, Hassie, who was expected to succeed him in control of the family business, was lobotomized in response to increasingly erratic behavior. He outlived his father. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamar_Hunt" title="Lamar Hunt" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Lamar</a> founded the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Football_League" title="American Football League" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">American Football League</a> and created the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl" title="Super Bowl" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Super Bowl</a>, drawing on the assistance of his children in selecting the game's name. Two other children, William and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt" title="Nelson Bunker Hunt" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Bunker</a>, are famous for having purchased much of the world's silver, in an attempt to corner the market. They ultimately owned more silver than any government in the world, before their scheme was discovered and undone. Bunker Hunt was briefly one of the wealthiest men in the world, having discovered and taken title to the Libyan oil fields, before <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muammar_Gaddafi" title="Muammar Gaddafi" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Muammar Gaddafi</a> nationalized the properties.

While still married to Lyda, H. L. Hunt is said to have married Frania Tye of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampa,Florida" title="Tampa, Florida" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Tampa, Florida</a> in November 1925, using the name Franklin Hunt. Frania claimed to have discovered the bigamous nature of her marriage in 1934, and in a legal settlement in 1941, Hunt created trust funds for each of their four children and she signed a document stipulating that no legal marriage between them had ever existed. About the same time she briefly married then divorced Hunt’s employee John Lee, taking the last name Lee for herself and her four children.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt#cite_note-5" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none; white-space: nowrap;">[5]</a> Her four children by Hunt were: Howard (born 1926), Haroldina (1928), Helen (1930), and Hugh (“Hue,” 1934). Frania Tye Lee died in 2002.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L._Hunt#cite_note-6" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none; white-space: nowrap;">[6]</a>

Hunt supported and had children by Ruth Ray of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shreveport,Louisiana" title="Shreveport, Louisiana" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Shreveport, Louisiana</a>, whom he met when she was a secretary in his Shreveport office. They married in 1957 after the death of Hunt’s wife Lyda. His four children by her were: Ray (born 1943), June (1944), Helen (1949), and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swanee_Hunt" title="Swanee Hunt" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Swanee</a> (1950).<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt#cite_note-7" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none; white-space: nowrap;">[7]</a> His youngest son, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_Lee_Hunt" title="Ray Lee Hunt" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Ray Lee</a>, ultimately inherited the business, and was a major supporter of President <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_W.Bush" title="George W. Bush" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">George W. Bush</a>.

Hunt died, aged 85, in Dallas, Texas. He was buried there in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sparkman-Hillcrest_Memorial_Park_Cemetery" title="Sparkman-Hillcrest Memorial Park Cemetery" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Sparkman-Hillcrest Memorial Park Cemetery</a>.

<h2 class="" style="background-image: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0.6em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170);">Family<span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.25em; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate; direction: ltr;">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt?veaction=edit&vesection=3" title="Edit section: Family" class="mw-editsection-link-primary" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">edit</a>]<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H.L.Hunt&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Family" class="mw-editsection-link-secondary" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none; visibility: hidden;"> </a></h2>

Hunt had three families and 14 children:

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Hunt_Hill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margaret Hunt Hill (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Margaret Hunt Hill</a> (October 19, 1915–June 14, 2007): <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philanthropy" title="Philanthropy" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">philanthropist</a> and co-owner of Hunt Petroleum.</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H.L.Hunt_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H. L. Hunt III (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">H. L. "Hassie" Hunt III</a> (November 23, 1917–April 20, 2005): diagnosed with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schizophrenia" title="Schizophrenia" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">schizophrenia</a> in the early 1940s; co-owner of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunt_Petroleum" title="Hunt Petroleum" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Hunt Petroleum</a>.</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caroline_Rose_Hunt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caroline Rose Hunt (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Caroline Rose Hunt</a> (born January 8, 1923): Founder and Honorary Chairman of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosewood_Hotels_%26_Resorts" title="Rosewood Hotels & Resorts" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Rosewood Hotels & Resorts</a> which operates <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mansion_on_Turtle_Creek" title="The Mansion on Turtle Creek" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">The Mansion on Turtle Creek</a>.</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lyda_Bunker_Hunt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lyda Bunker Hunt (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Lyda Bunker Hunt</a> (February 19, 1925-March 20, 1925) (Died as an infant of illness).</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Bunker_Hunt" title="Nelson Bunker Hunt" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Nelson Bunker Hunt</a> (born February 22, 1926): A major force in developing <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libya" title="Libya" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Libyan</a> oil fields. Eventually attempted to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornering_the_market" title="Cornering the market" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">corner the world market</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver" title="Silver" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">silver</a>in 1979, and was convicted of conspiring to manipulate the market. Legendary owner-breeder <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt#cite_note-8" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none; white-space: nowrap;">[8]</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoroughbred" title="Thoroughbred" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Thoroughbred</a> racehorses.</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Howard_Lee_Hunt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Howard Lee Hunt (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Howard Lee Hunt</a> (October 25, 1926–October 13, 1975)</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Haroldina_Franch_Hunt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haroldina Franch Hunt (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Haroldina Franch Hunt</a> (October 26, 1928–November 10, 1995)</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Herbert_Hunt" title="William Herbert Hunt" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">William Herbert Hunt</a> (born c. 1929) A major and defining force in the oil industry, he was also a legendary businessman and oilman. At times, ran Hunt Oil, Hunt Petroleum, Hunt Energy, Placid Oil, etc. The founder of Petro-Hunt LLC.</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Helen_Lee_Cartledge_Hunt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helen Lee Cartledge Hunt (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Helen Lee Cartledge Hunt</a> (October 28, 1930–June 3, 1962)</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamar_Hunt" title="Lamar Hunt" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Lamar Hunt</a> (August 2, 1932–December 13, 2006): co-founder of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Football_League" title="American Football League" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">American Football League</a> and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_Soccer_League" title="North American Soccer League" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">North American Soccer League</a>; owner of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Chiefs" title="Kansas City Chiefs" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Kansas City Chiefs</a> of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">National Football League</a>; owner of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbus_Crew" title="Columbus Crew" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Columbus Crew</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FC_Dallas" title="FC Dallas" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">FC Dallas</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_League_Soccer" title="Major League Soccer" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Major League Soccer</a>; impetus behind 1966 AFL-NFL merger, coined the name "<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl" title="Super Bowl" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Super Bowl</a>".</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hugh_S.Hunt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hugh S. Hunt (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Hugh S. Hunt</a> (October 14, 1934–November 12, 2002): lived in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potomac,Maryland" title="Potomac, Maryland" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Potomac, Maryland</a>, founder of Constructivist Foundation.</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_Lee_Hunt" title="Ray Lee Hunt" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Ray Lee Hunt</a> (born c. 1943): chairman of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunt_Oil" title="Hunt Oil" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Hunt Oil</a>.</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_Hunt" title="June Hunt" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">June Hunt</a> (born c. 1944): host of a daily religious radio show, Hope for the Heart.</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_LaKelly_Hunt" title="Helen LaKelly Hunt" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Helen LaKelly Hunt</a> (born c. 1949): a pastoral counselor in Dallas; co-manager of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunt_Alternatives_Fund" title="Hunt Alternatives Fund" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Hunt Alternatives Fund</a>, one of the family's charitable arms.</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swanee_Hunt" title="Swanee Hunt" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Swanee Hunt</a> (born May 1, 1950): former U.S. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassador(diplomacy)" title="Ambassador (diplomacy)" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">ambassador</a> to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austria" title="Austria" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Austria</a>; now head of the Women and Public Policy Program at the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_F.Kennedy_School_of_Government" title="John F. Kennedy School of Government" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">John F. Kennedy School of Government</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Cambridge</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Massachusetts</a>, and president of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunt_Alternatives_Fund" title="Hunt Alternatives Fund" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Hunt Alternatives Fund</a>.</li>

</ol>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wealthiest_historical_figures" title="List of wealthiest historical figures" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">List of wealthiest historical figures</a></li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_L._Buenger" title="Walter L. Buenger" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Walter L. Buenger</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historian" title="Historian" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">historian</a> at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University" title="Texas A&M University" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Texas A&M University</a> in 1994 wrote the Hunt biography in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_American_Biography" title="Dictionary of American Biography" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Dictionary of American Biography</a>.</li>

</ul>

<h2 style="background-image: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0.6em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170);">Notes<span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.25em; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate; direction: ltr;">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt?veaction=edit&vesection=5" title="Edit section: Notes" class="mw-editsection-link-primary" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">edit</a>]<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H.L.Hunt&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes" class="mw-editsection-link-secondary" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none; visibility: hidden;"> </a></h2>

<li id="cite_note-Wealthy100-1" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt#cite_ref-Wealthy100_1-0" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">^{</a>} Klepper, Michael; Gunther, Michael (1996), The Wealthy 100: From Benjamin Franklin to Bill Gates—A Ranking of the Richest Americans, Past and Present,<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secaucus,_New_Jersey" title="Secaucus, New Jersey" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Secaucus, New Jersey</a>: Carol Publishing Group, p. xiii, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">ISBN</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8065-1800-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8065-1800-8" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">978-0-8065-1800-8</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OCLC" title="OCLC" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/33818143" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaavkleqvr4xn3pgqkamqhduxfqtu7kttkpd5ra8ainfartq2irxfwt2qedafttj2fspioe1ecoleuowwjgzyab="AAAAVklEQVR4Xn3PgQkAMQhDUXfqTu7kTtkpd5RA8AInfArtQ2iRXFWT2QedAfttj2FsPIOE1eCOlEuoWWjgzYaB" ikegorxxhqb="IkeGOrxXhqB" ua9bfcm0lazuh="uA9Bfcm0lAZuh" yiead="YIeAD" caqsz4kcmuaaaaasuvork5cyii="); padding-right: 13px; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;" xmlns:data="data">33818143</a></li>

<li id="cite_note-2" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt#cite_ref-2" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">^{</a>} <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.measuringworth.com/uscompare/" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaavkleqvr4xn3pgqkamqhduxfqtu7kttkpd5ra8ainfartq2irxfwt2qedafttj2fspioe1ecoleuowwjgzyab="AAAAVklEQVR4Xn3PgQkAMQhDUXfqTu7kTtkpd5RA8AInfArtQ2iRXFWT2QedAfttj2FsPIOE1eCOlEuoWWjgzYaB" ikegorxxhqb="IkeGOrxXhqB" ua9bfcm0lazuh="uA9Bfcm0lAZuh" yiead="YIeAD" caqsz4kcmuaaaaasuvork5cyii="); padding-right: 13px; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;" xmlns:data="data">http://www.measuringworth.com/uscompare/</a></li>

<li id="cite_note-3" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt#cite_ref-3" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">^{</a>} Lohr, Steve. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/1981/08/20/books/books-of-the-times-books-of-the-times.html" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaavkleqvr4xn3pgqkamqhduxfqtu7kttkpd5ra8ainfartq2irxfwt2qedafttj2fspioe1ecoleuowwjgzyab="AAAAVklEQVR4Xn3PgQkAMQhDUXfqTu7kTtkpd5RA8AInfArtQ2iRXFWT2QedAfttj2FsPIOE1eCOlEuoWWjgzYaB" ikegorxxhqb="IkeGOrxXhqB" ua9bfcm0lazuh="uA9Bfcm0lAZuh" yiead="YIeAD" caqsz4kcmuaaaaasuvork5cyii="); padding-right: 13px; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;" xmlns:data="data">"Books of the Times"</a>. Retrieved June 13, 2012.</li>

<li id="cite_note-4" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt#cite_ref-4" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">^{</a>} Stanley H. Brown, H. L. Hunt (Chicago: Playboy, 1976) 40,191.</li>

<li id="cite_note-5" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt#cite_ref-5" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">^{</a>} Stanley H. Brown, H. L. Hunt (Chicago: Playboy, 1976) 78-79, 156-157.</li>

<li id="cite_note-6" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt#cite_ref-6" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">^{</a>} Bryan Burrough, The Big Rich (New York: Penguin, 2009) 437.</li>

<li id="cite_note-7" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt#cite_ref-7" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">^{</a>} Stanley H. Brown, H. L. Hunt (Chicago: Playboy, 1976) 192-193.</li>

<li id="cite_note-8" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt#cite_ref-8" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">^{</a>} <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ntra.com/stats_bios.aspx?id=2142" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaavkleqvr4xn3pgqkamqhduxfqtu7kttkpd5ra8ainfartq2irxfwt2qedafttj2fspioe1ecoleuowwjgzyab="AAAAVklEQVR4Xn3PgQkAMQhDUXfqTu7kTtkpd5RA8AInfArtQ2iRXFWT2QedAfttj2FsPIOE1eCOlEuoWWjgzYaB" ikegorxxhqb="IkeGOrxXhqB" ua9bfcm0lazuh="uA9Bfcm0lAZuh" yiead="YIeAD" caqsz4kcmuaaaaasuvork5cyii="); padding-right: 13px; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;" xmlns:data="data">Nelson Bunker Hunt biography</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Thoroughbred_Racing_Association" title="National Thoroughbred Racing Association" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">National Thoroughbred Racing Association</a>.</li>

</ol>

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<h2 style="background-image: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0.6em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170);">Further reading<span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.25em; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate; direction: ltr;">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt?veaction=edit&vesection=6" title="Edit section: Further reading" class="mw-editsection-link-primary" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">edit</a>]<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H.L.Hunt&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading" class="mw-editsection-link-secondary" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none; visibility: hidden;"> </a></h2>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Hendershot, Heather. What's Fair on the Air? Cold War Right-Wing Broadcasting and the Public Interest (University of Chicago Press; 2011) 260 pages; covers the rise and fall of prominent far-right radio hosts: H.L. Hunt, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Smoot" title="Dan Smoot" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Dan Smoot</a>, Carl McIntire, and Billy James Hargis.</li>

</ul>

<h2 class="" style="background-image: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0.6em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170);">External links<span class="mw-editsection" style="user-select: none; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; vertical-align: baseline; line-height: 1em; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.25em; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate; direction: ltr;">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.L.Hunt?veaction=edit&vesection=7" title="Edit section: External links" class="mw-editsection-link-primary" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">edit</a>]<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H.L.Hunt&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links" class="mw-editsection-link-secondary" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none; visibility: hidden;"> </a></h2>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=526" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaavkleqvr4xn3pgqkamqhduxfqtu7kttkpd5ra8ainfartq2irxfwt2qedafttj2fspioe1ecoleuowwjgzyab="AAAAVklEQVR4Xn3PgQkAMQhDUXfqTu7kTtkpd5RA8AInfArtQ2iRXFWT2QedAfttj2FsPIOE1eCOlEuoWWjgzYaB" ikegorxxhqb="IkeGOrxXhqB" ua9bfcm0lazuh="uA9Bfcm0lAZuh" yiead="YIeAD" caqsz4kcmuaaaaasuvork5cyii="); padding-right: 13px; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;" xmlns:data="data">HL's Grave</a></li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/dn/latestnews/stories/021008dnmethillmain.3a7d3fd.html" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaavkleqvr4xn3pgqkamqhduxfqtu7kttkpd5ra8ainfartq2irxfwt2qedafttj2fspioe1ecoleuowwjgzyab="AAAAVklEQVR4Xn3PgQkAMQhDUXfqTu7kTtkpd5RA8AInfArtQ2iRXFWT2QedAfttj2FsPIOE1eCOlEuoWWjgzYaB" ikegorxxhqb="IkeGOrxXhqB" ua9bfcm0lazuh="uA9Bfcm0lAZuh" yiead="YIeAD" caqsz4kcmuaaaaasuvork5cyii="); padding-right: 13px; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;" xmlns:data="data">H.L. Hunt's Boys and the Circle K Cowboys</a></li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/view/HH/fhu59.html" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaavkleqvr4xn3pgqkamqhduxfqtu7kttkpd5ra8ainfartq2irxfwt2qedafttj2fspioe1ecoleuowwjgzyab="AAAAVklEQVR4Xn3PgQkAMQhDUXfqTu7kTtkpd5RA8AInfArtQ2iRXFWT2QedAfttj2FsPIOE1eCOlEuoWWjgzYaB" ikegorxxhqb="IkeGOrxXhqB" ua9bfcm0lazuh="uA9Bfcm0lAZuh" yiead="YIeAD" caqsz4kcmuaaaaasuvork5cyii="); padding-right: 13px; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;" xmlns:data="data">Biography of H. L. Hunt</a> by Jerrell Dean Palmer in the Handbook of Texas Online</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dmagazine.com/ME2/Audiences/dirmod.asp?sid=&nm=&type=MultiPublishing&mod=PublishingTitles&mid=7155F7796F354F21B1183937D847D6DF&tier=4&id=5FB39A5D65AB45DFAFCEE07FCE84C202&AudID=29CB3DCAC7E94A08B642EC371FE6E70B" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaavkleqvr4xn3pgqkamqhduxfqtu7kttkpd5ra8ainfartq2irxfwt2qedafttj2fspioe1ecoleuowwjgzyab="AAAAVklEQVR4Xn3PgQkAMQhDUXfqTu7kTtkpd5RA8AInfArtQ2iRXFWT2QedAfttj2FsPIOE1eCOlEuoWWjgzYaB" ikegorxxhqb="IkeGOrxXhqB" ua9bfcm0lazuh="uA9Bfcm0lAZuh" yiead="YIeAD" caqsz4kcmuaaaaasuvork5cyii="); padding-right: 13px; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;" xmlns:data="data">A Matter of Trust</a> by Gretel C. Kovach for D Magazine</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/adamcurtis/posts/YOU-THINK-YOU-ARE-A-CONSUMER-BUT-MAYBE-YOU-HAVE-BEEN-CONSUMED" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaavkleqvr4xn3pgqkamqhduxfqtu7kttkpd5ra8ainfartq2irxfwt2qedafttj2fspioe1ecoleuowwjgzyab="AAAAVklEQVR4Xn3PgQkAMQhDUXfqTu7kTtkpd5RA8AInfArtQ2iRXFWT2QedAfttj2FsPIOE1eCOlEuoWWjgzYaB" ikegorxxhqb="IkeGOrxXhqB" ua9bfcm0lazuh="uA9Bfcm0lAZuh" yiead="YIeAD" caqsz4kcmuaaaaasuvork5cyii="); padding-right: 13px; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;" xmlns:data="data">Article by BBC filmmaker, author Adam Curtis</a></li>

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