Instituto de Juan Mariana

=spanish danish BS studies jobs=<a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/">https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/</a><h2 id="h-background" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">background</h2>The Instituto Juan de Mariana (IJM) is a private nonprofit group founded in 2005 by <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Gabriel_Calzada" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Gabriel Calzada</a>, a climate change skeptic with connections to other conservative think tanks including the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Ludwig_von_Mises_Institute" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Ludwig von Mises Institute</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Centre_for_the_New_Europe" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Centre for the New Europe</a>, and the<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Libertarian_Alliance" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> Libertarian Alliance</a>. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s1" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[1</a><a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s1" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">]</a>, <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s2" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[2]</a>The Institute<a href="http://corporateeurope.org/sites/default/files/sites/default/files/files/article/funding_climate_deniers.pdf" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> launched </a>with a seminar opposing the Kyoto Protocol, attended by <a href="https://www.desmog.com/chris-horner" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Christopher Horner </a>of the <a href="https://www.desmog.com/competitive-enterprise-institute" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Competitive Enterprise Institute</a>. Calzada previously represented the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Centre_for_the_New_Europe" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Center for New Europe</a> in Spain, a free-market Brussels think-tank that had received funding from <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Exxon_Mobil" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">ExxonMobil</a>. In 2009, Calzada authored a report that claimed spending on green energy had destroyed 2.2 million jobs in a report commissioned by the US <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Institute_for_Energy_Research" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Institute for Energy Research (IER)</a> — a group that had received over $300,000 in funding from <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Exxon_Mobil" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">ExxonMobil </a>as well as funding from <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Koch_Brothers" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Koch Industries</a>.<a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s3" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> [3]</a>The Institute is named after the Spanish philosopher <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_de_Mariana" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Juan de Mariana</a>, who defended private property and encouraged limits on government. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s4" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[4]</a>The Institute’s o<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150105162134/http://www.juandemariana.org/pagina/10/mision/objetivos/" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">riginal mission</a> is “to investigate and make known to the public Spanish, European and Latin American, the benefits provided to the general interests of private property, free enterprise and limited scope of public authorities.” It claims no political affiliation. The Institute’s revised mission statement is “<a href="https://www.juandemariana.org/el-ijm/mision-vision-y-valores" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Deploying the Network of Freedom</a>” through a “Freedom Network,” “Knowledge Network,” and “Broadcast Network.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s5" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[5]</a>, <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s6" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[6]</a><h2 id="h-stance-on-climate-change" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Stance on Climate Change</h2>According to Gabriel Calzada, founder and president of IJM, there is no direct relation between CO2 emissions and “supposed global warming.” He believes Humans have no capacity to cause climate change. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s3" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[3]</a><h2 id="h-funding" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Funding</h2><a href="https://www.juandemariana.org/tu/hazte-miembro" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">According to their website</a>, “The Juan de Mariana Institute is a private non-profit organization without any political affiliation finances its activities thanks to the aid it receives from individuals, foundations and private institutions that share its objectives. The Institute does not accept grants or aid to political parties or government agencies.”<a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s7" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> [7]</a>A<a href="http://corporateeurope.org/sites/default/files/sites/default/files/files/article/funding_climate_deniers.pdf" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> 2010 investigation (PDF)</a> by Corporate Europe Observatory reports that Juan de Mariana has been shown to operate with money connected to <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Koch_Family_Foundations" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Koch Industries</a>.  <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s3" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[3]</a>In 2009, <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20151024215425/http://www.motherjones.com/environment/2009/12/climate-deniers-atlas-foundation" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Mother Jones magazine reported</a> that Institute Juan de Mariana received more than $100,000 from the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Atlas_Economic_Research_Foundation" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none; font-weight: 500;">Atlas Economic Research Foundation</a>, a group which has funded a large number of other groups skeptical of climate change. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s8" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[8]</a><h2 id="h-key-people" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Key People </h2>As of October, 2015, Instituto Juan de Mariana listed the following “<a href="https://www.juandemariana.org/el-ijm/equipo" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Team</a>” members: <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s9" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[9]</a><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a href="https://www.desmog.com/gabriel-calzada" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Gabriel Calzada </a>— President of the Instituto Juan de Mariana </li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Juan Ramón Rallo — Director</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Raquel Merino Jara — IJM deputy director and director of strategy</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Ji Castillo — Academic Director of IJM</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Inés Calzada Alvarez — Project Coordinator</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Luis Alberto Iglesias — Training Coordinator</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">José Augusto Domínguez — Communications Coordinator </li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Ignasi Bolto — Audiovisual coordinator</li></ul><h3 id="h-contributors" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Contributors</h3>IJM listed the following “<a href="https://www.juandemariana.org/el-ijm/colaboradores" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Contributors</a>” on their website, as of October, 2015: <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s10" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[10]</a><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">María Blanco</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">José Antonio Baonza Díaz</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Antonio José Chinchetru</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Fernando Díaz Villanueva</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Albert Esplugas Boter</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">León Gómez Rivas</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Fernando Herrera</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Alberto Illán Oviedo</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Adolfo D. Lozano</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Ángel Martín Oro</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Pablo Martínez Bernal</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Gonzalo Melián</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Ignacio Moncada</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Francisco Moreno</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Juan Morillo Bentué</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Adrià Pérez Martí</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Daniel Rodríguez Herrera</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Miquel Rosselló</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Diego Sánchez De La Cruz</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">David Sanz</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Domingo Soriano</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Luis Torras</li></ul><h2 id="h-actions" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Actions</h2>October 1, 2015Instituto Juan de Mariana’s president, Gabriel Calzada, is regularly involved with Atlas Network events. For example, on October 1, 2015, he spoke on “financial and political threats to the United States, highlighting the role of the Chinese economy, and immigration from Latin America.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s11" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[11</a><a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s11" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">]</a>November 2010Instituto Juan de Mariana got $10,000 from the<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Atlas_Economic_Research_Foundation" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> Atlas Foundation </a>as an award for their “Green Jobs and Green Energy Campaign,” <a href="http://corporateeurope.org/sites/default/files/sites/default/files/files/article/funding_climate_deniers.pdf" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">reports th</a><a href="http://corporateeurope.org/sites/default/files/sites/default/files/files/article/funding_climate_deniers.pdf" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">e Corporate Europe Observatory </a><a href="http://corporateeurope.org/sites/default/files/sites/default/files/files/article/funding_climate_deniers.pdf" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">(PDF)</a>. Atlas, who has received funding from Koch Industries and other corporate groups, supports lots of think tanks all over the world.  <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s3" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[3]</a>May 2010 The Instituto Juan de Mariana was a <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100526101709/http://www.heartland.org/events/2010Chicago/PDFs/ConferenceProgram.pdf" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">co-sponsor (PDF) </a>of the Heartland Institute’s Fourth International Conference on Climate Change in Chicago.  <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s12" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[12]</a><a href="https://www.desmog.com/denial-a-palooza-4th-international-conference-climate-change-heartland" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">DeSmogBlog found </a>that 19 of the conference’s 65 sponsors had received over $40 million from ExxonMobil since 1985. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s13" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[13]</a>June 2, 2009Instituto Juan de Mariana was a <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100714045601/http://www.heartland.org/events/WashingtonDC09/cosponsors.html" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">co-sponsor </a>of the Heartland Institute’s Third International Conference on Climate Change (ICCC3) in Washington, DC. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s14" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[14]</a>March 8-10, 2009Instituto Juan de Mariana was a <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110428150744/http://www.heartland.org/events/NewYork09/sponsorships.html" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">co-sponsor </a>of the Heartland Institute’s Second International Conference on Climate Change (ICCC2) in New York.<a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s15" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> [15]</a><a href="https://www.desmog.com/heartland-institutes-2009-climate-conference-new-york-funding-history-sponsors" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">DeSmogBlog found</a> that sponsors behind the conference had received a total of over $47 million in funding from energy companies and right-wing foundations, with 78% of that total coming from <a href="https://www.desmog.com/scaife-family-foundations" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Scaife Family Foundations</a>. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s16" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[16]</a>September 2009Shortly after President Obama cited Spain’s success at creating green jobs, Republicans brought in Gabriel Calzada, president of Institute Juan de Mariana to present a study that claimed each green job in Spain destroyed 2.2 jobs as a result. The study bore the letterhead of the University of Rey Juan Carlos where Calzada is Associate Professor, but was co-commissioned by the Instituto Juan de Mariana.According to the study, “the Spanish/EU-style ‘green jobs’ agenda now being promoted in the U.S. in fact destroys jobs. […] The study’s results demonstrate how such ‘green jobs’ policy clearly hinders Spain’s way out of the current economic crisis, even while U.S. politicians insist that rushing  into such a scheme will ease their own emergence from the turmoil.”Calzada testified before the House Select Committee on Energy Independence, stating that “Europe’s experience actually suggests that this is precisely the wrong approach.” The study that Calzada referenced was debunked by the Spanish Government. Gabriel Calzada also <a href="http://mediamatters.org/blog/2011/09/01/fox-hosts-author-of-discredited-study-to-bash-g/183025" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">appeared on Fox News </a>to promote his study. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s8" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[8]</a>, <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s17" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[17]</a>, <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s18" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[18]</a>2005When the IJM was launched in 2005, it began with a seminar against the Kyoto Protocol that was attended by climate change skeptic<a href="https://www.desmog.com/chris-horner" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> Christopher Horner</a> from the <a href="https://www.desmog.com/competitive-enterprise-institute" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Competitive Enterprise Institute</a>. Gabriel Calzada, the founder of IJM previously represented the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Centre_for_the_New_Europe" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Center for the New Europe</a> in Spain. The seminar which examined Kyoto and the Spanish Economy attracted Alberto Recarte, president of Liberty Digital, who said that Spain would be the country to “Pay Kyoto in absolute terms.” IJM arranged the conference in collaboration with the Competitive Enterprise Institute and the University of Rey Juyan Carlos. Juan Jose Toribio, President of IESE  in Madrid and former IMF Executive Director was also a speaker. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s19" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[19]</a><h2 id="h-institute-juan-de-mariana-contact-location" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Institute Juan de Mariana Contact & Location</h2>As of June 2016, <a href="https://www.juandemariana.org/tu/te-escuchamos" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Instituto Juan de Mariana listed the following contact information</a> on their website: <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s21" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[21]</a><blockquote class="wp-block-quote" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; position: relative; margin-top: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Institute Juan de Mariana Calle del Ángel, 2, 28005 (Madrid) 91 221 9824</blockquote><h2 id="h-related-organizations" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Related Organizations</h2><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><li style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://www.desmog.com/atlas-economic-research-foundation" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Atlas Economic Research Foundation</a></li><li style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Liberty Digital (Libertad Digital)</li><li style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://www.desmog.com/heartland-institute" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">The Heartland Institute</a></li><li style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Competitive_Enterprise_Institute" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Competitive Enterprise Institute</a></li><li style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Ludwig_von_Mises_Institute" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none; font-weight: 500;">Ludwig von Mises Institute</a></li><li style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Centre_for_the_New_Europe" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none; font-weight: 500;">Centre for the New Europe</a></li><li style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Libertarian_Alliance" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none; font-weight: 500;">Libertarian Alliance</a></li></ul>The<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Acton_Institute" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> Acton Institute </a>previously offered <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20151024214402/http://www.acton.org/program/poverty_development/scholarships" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Juan de Mariana Scholarships </a>for citizens of a “country with an economy deemed by the Acton Institute to be developing or transitioning.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/instituto-juan-de-mariana/#s20" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[20]</a><h2 id="h-social-media" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Social Media</h2><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a href="https://twitter.com/juandemariana" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">@juandemariana </a>on Twitter.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="http://www.linkedin.com/company/instituto-juan-de-mariana" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Instituto Juan de Mariana</a>” on LinkedIn. </li></ul><h2 id="h-resources" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Resources</h2><ol style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s1" name="s1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">“</a><a href="http://www.juandemariana.org/pagina/3/instituto/" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">The Institute</a>” (Translated from Spanish via Google), Institute Juan de Mariana. Accessed March 2, 2013.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s2" name="s2" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">“</a><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Gabriel_Calzada" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Gabrial Calzada</a>,” SourceWatch profile.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s3" name="s3" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">“</a><a href="http://corporateeurope.org/sites/default/files/sites/default/files/files/article/funding_climate_deniers.pdf" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Concealing their sources – who funds Europe’s climate change deniers?” (PDF)</a>, Corporate Europe Observatory, December 2010. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmogBlog.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s4" name="s4" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">“</a><a href="https://www.juandemariana.org/el-ijm/juan-de-mariana" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Juan de Mariana</a>,” Instituto Juan de Mariana. WebCite URL: <a href="http://www.webcitation.org/6cWky4MfR" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">http://www.webcitation.org/6cWky4MfR</a></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s5" name="s5" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">“</a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150105162134/http://www.juandemariana.org/pagina/10/mision/objetivos/" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Mission and objectives</a>“(Translated from Spanish via Google), Institute Juan de Mariana. Archived January 5, 2015.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s6" name="s6" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">“</a><a href="https://www.juandemariana.org/el-ijm/mision-vision-y-valores" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Mission, Vision and Values</a>“  (Translated from Spanish via Google), Institute Juan de Mariana. WebCite URL:<a href="http://www.webcitation.org/6cWkL5tgK" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">http://www.webcitation.org/6cWkL5tgK</a></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s7" name="s7" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">“Become a Member” (translated from Spanish using Google Translate), Instituto Juan de Mariana. WebCite URL: </a><a href="http://www.webcitation.org/6cWmLTkr5" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">http://www.webcitation.org/6cWmLTkr5</a></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s8" name="s8" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">Josh Harkinson. “</a><a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20151024215425/http://www.motherjones.com/environment/2009/12/climate-deniers-atlas-foundation" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Climate Change Deniers Without Borders</a>,” Mother Jones, December 22, 2009. Archived October 24, 2015. WebCite URL: <a href="http://www.webcitation.org/6cWm6knbv" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">http://www.webcitation.org/6cWm6knbv</a></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s9" name="s9" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">“</a><a href="https://www.juandemariana.org/el-ijm/equipo" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Team</a>,” Instituto Juan de Mariana. Accessed October 24, 2015. WebCite URL: <a href="http://www.webcitation.org/6cWo4OyxT" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">http://www.webcitation.org/6cWo4OyxT</a> </li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s10" name="s10" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">“Contributors,” Instituto Juan de Mariana. Accessed October 24, 2015. WebCite URL: </a><a href="http://www.webcitation.org/6cWnhjzCh" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">http://www.webcitation.org/6cWnhjzCh</a></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s11" name="s11" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">“</a><a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20151024232019/https://www.atlasnetwork.org/event/atlas-network-luncheon-with-dr.-gabriel-calzada-on-threats-to-the-us" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Luncheon with Dr. Gabriel Calzada on Threats to the U.S.</a>,” Atlas Network. Archived October 24, 2015. WebCite URL: <a href="http://www.webcitation.org/6cWrjX2f9" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">http://www.webcitation.org/6cWrjX2f9</a></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s12" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100526101709/http://www.heartland.org/events/2010Chicago/PDFs/ConferenceProgram.pdf" name="s12" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">4th International Conference on Climate Change Conference Program (PDF),</a> The Heartland Institute.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s13" name="s13" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">Brendan DeMelle. “</a><a href="https://www.desmog.com/denial-a-palooza-4th-international-conference-climate-change-heartland" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Denial-a-palooza Round 4: ‘International Conference on Climate Change’ Groups Funded by Exxon, Koch Industries</a>,” DeSmogBlog, May 13, 2010.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s14" name="s14" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">“</a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100714045601/http://www.heartland.org/events/WashingtonDC09/cosponsors.html" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Co-Sponsors</a>,” Third International Conference on Climate Change. Archived July 14, 2010.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s15" name="s15" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">“</a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110428150744/http://www.heartland.org/events/NewYork09/sponsorships.html" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Co-Sponsors</a>,” The 2009 International Conference on Climate Change. Archived April 28, 2011.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s16" name="s16" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">“</a><a href="https://www.desmog.com/heartland-institutes-2009-climate-conference-new-york-funding-history-sponsors" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Heartland Institute’s 2009 Climate Conference in New York: funding history of the sponsors</a>,” DeSmogBlog.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s17" name="s17" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">PERE RUSIÑOL. “</a><a href="http://www.publico.es/internacional/lobby-neoliberal-del-pp-boicotea.html" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">The neoliberal lobby PP Spain in the U.S. boycotts</a>” (Translated from Spanish via Google),  Publico.es, July 18, 2009. Archived October 24, 2015. WebCite URL:  <a href="http://www.webcitation.org/6cWrxmgVC" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">http://www.webcitation.org/6cWrxmgVC</a></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s18" name="s18" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">Jill Fitzsimmons. “</a><a href="http://mediamatters.org/blog/2011/09/01/fox-hosts-author-of-discredited-study-to-bash-g/183025" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Fox Hosts Author Of Discredited Study To Bash Green Jobs</a>,” Media Matters for America, September 1, 2011. WebCite URL: <a href="http://www.webcitation.org/6cWsEFoom" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">http://www.webcitation.org/6cWsEFoom</a></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s19" name="s19" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">“</a><a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20050421235502/http://www.libertaddigital.com/opiniones/opi_desa_24479.html" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Kyoto and the Spanish economy</a>,” LibertadDigital. Archived April 21, 2005.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s20" name="s20" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">“</a><a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20151024214402/http://www.acton.org/program/poverty_development/scholarships" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Scholarships</a>,” Action Institute. Archived October 24, 215. WebCite URL: <a href="http://www.webcitation.org/6cWlQaln7" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">http://www.webcitation.org/6cWlQaln7</a></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s21" name="s21" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">“</a><a href="https://www.juandemariana.org/tu/te-escuchamos" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">TÚ,</a>” Instituto Juan de Mariana. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. WebCite URL: <a href="http://www.webcitation.org/6icMHppDs" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">http://www.webcitation.org/6icMHppDs</a></li></ol><h2 id="h-other-resources" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Other Resources</h2><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Instituto Juan de Mariana</a>,” Wikipedia</li></ul><div><div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="es" dir="ltr" style="direction: ltr;"><div class="mw-parser-output" style="">Juan de Mariana Institute ( IJM ) is a <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberalismo" title="Liberalismo" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">liberal</a> - oriented <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Think_tank" title="think-tank" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">think tank</a> based in <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Madrid</a> that was founded in <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005" title="2005" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2005</a> . Its objectives are, according to its statutes, "to make known to the general Spanish, European and Latin American public the benefits that <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propiedad_privada" title="Propiedad privada" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">private property</a> provides for <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter%C3%A9s_p%C3%BAblico" title="Interés público" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">general interests</a> , free entrepreneurial initiative and the limitation of the scope of action of public powers." 1<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberalismo" title="Liberalism" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005" title="2005" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter%C3%A9s_p%C3%BAblico" title="Public interest" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propiedad_privada" title="Private property" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_note-mision-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a>It takes its name from the late representative of the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escuela_de_Salamanca" title="Salamanca School" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">School of Salamanca</a> , <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_de_Mariana" title="Juan de Mariana" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Juan de Mariana</a> . He sponsors the Master of Economics of the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escuela_austr%C3%ADaca" class="mw-redirect" title="Austrian school" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Austrian School</a> in the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facultad_de_Ciencias_Jur%C3%ADdicas_y_Sociales(Universidad_Rey_Juan_Carlos)" title="Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales (Universidad Rey Juan Carlos)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Faculty of Legal and Social Sciences of the Rey Juan Carlos University</a> of Madrid and the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Centro_de_Estudios_Superiores_Online_de_Madrid_Manuel_Ayau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Center for Higher Online Studies of Madrid Manuel Ayau (not yet written)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Manuel Ayau Online Center for Higher Studies of Madrid</a> (OMMA).Its founding members include its current president, <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Calzada" title="Gabriel Calzada" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Gabriel Calzada</a> , professor at the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_Rey_Juan_Carlos" title="King Juan Carlos University" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Rey Juan Carlos University</a> of Madrid and rector of the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_Francisco_Marroqu%C3%ADn" title="Francisco Marroquin University" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Francisco Marroquín University</a> , the previous directors <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Ram%C3%B3n_Rallo" title="Juan Ramon Rallo" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Juan Ramón Rallo</a> , Raquel Merino, both professors at the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_Rey_Juan_Carlos" title="King Juan Carlos University" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Rey Juan Carlos University</a> , Daniel Rodríguez Herrera, deputy director of the daily <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital" title="digital freedom" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Libertad Digital</a> and webmaster of <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberalismo.org" title="Liberalism.org" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Liberalismo.org</a> , José Carlos Rodríguez, editor of La Gaceta, and Gonzalo Melián, director of OMMA and the Madrid center of the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_Francisco_Marroqu%C3%ADn" title="Francisco Marroquin University" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Francisco Marroquín University</a> .The Juan de Mariana Institute maintains that it does not accept grants or any type of public <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsidio" title="Subsidy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">subsidies</a> in order to maintain its independence from political power. <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_note-mision-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">1</a> It is financed through private donations, either from its partners, members or those of benefactors such as companies or other think tanks .<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading" style="background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 7px; display: table;"><ul style="list-style: none; margin: 0.3em 0px; padding: 0px;"><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#Actividades" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Activities</a><ul style="list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#Premio_Juan_de_Mariana" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">1.1Juan de Mariana Award</a></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#Premios_obtenidos" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">twoAwards obtained</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#Pol%C3%A9mica:Efectos_del_Apoyo_P%C3%BAblico_a_las_Energ%C3%ADas_Renovables_sobre_el_Empleo" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">3Controversy: Effects of Public Support for Renewable Energies on Employment</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#Referencias" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">4References</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#Enlaces_externos" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">5external links</a></li></ul></div><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;">Activities [ </h2>It regularly organizes conferences, seminars and courses during the school year. One of its star activities is the week of freedom, which includes the Congress of Austrian Economy, Liberation and the Dinner of Freedom.The Congress of Austrian Economy with international exhibitors and with the academic endorsement of the Faculty of Law and Social Sciences of the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_Rey_Juan_Carlos" title="King Juan Carlos University" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Rey Juan Carlos University</a> and now also of the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_Francisco_Marroqu%C3%ADn" title="Francisco Marroquin University" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Francisco Marroquín University</a> . Followed by a liberal-themed book fair in Madrid called Liberaccion . The fair lasts one day and serves as a showcase for liberal authors, who usually present and sell their books during it. And finally the Dinner of Liberty, an event that serves to close the year and reward personalities who have dedicated their lives to the defense and promotion of liberalism.The <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_de_verano" title="summer university" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">summer university</a> that began by being held in <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aranjuez" title="Aranjuez" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Aranjuez</a> . Since 2011, it has been celebrated in <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Lanzarote</a> and in 2018 it was held in <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Lorenzo_de_El_Escorial" title="San Lorenzo de El Escorial" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">San Lorenzo de El Escorial</a> .<h3 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0.25em; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 1.6;">Juan de Mariana Award [ </h3>Since 2007, it has <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premio_Juan_de_Mariana" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan de Mariana Award" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">awarded the Juan de Mariana Prize</a> to personalities who have stood out in the defense and promotion of values related to liberal thought and individual freedom. The Juan de Mariana Prize is awarded on the occasion of the Institute's annual gala, known as the Liberty Dinner, which is held at the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casino_de_Madrid" title="Casino of Madrid" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Casino de Madrid</a> at the end. The winners of the Juan de Mariana Award have been the following personalities:<ul style="list-style-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/common/images/bullet-icon.svg?d4515"); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px;"><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2007 - <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luis_Reig_Albiol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luis Reig Albiol (not yet written)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Luis Reig Albiol</a> (Spain)</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2008 - <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Ayau" title="Manuel Ayau" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Manuel Ayau</a> (Guatemala)</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2009 - <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_de_Jasay" title="Anthony de Jasay" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Anthony de Jasay</a> (Hungary)</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2010 - <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Alberto_Montaner" title="Carlos Albert Montaner" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Carlos Alberto Montaner</a> (Cuba)</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2011 - <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giancarlo_Ibarg%C3%BCen" title="Giancarlo Ibarguen" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Giancarlo Ibarguen</a> (Guatemala)</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2012 - <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario_Vargas_Llosa" title="Mario Vargas Llosa" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Mario Vargas Llosa</a> (Peru)</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2013 - <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Braun" title="Carlos Rodriguez Braun" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Carlos Rodriguez Braun</a> (Argentina)</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2014 - <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_Schwartz" title="Peter Schwartz" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Pedro Schwartz</a> (Spain)</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2015 - <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Higgs" title="Robert Higgs" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Robert Higgs</a> (USA)</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2016 - <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Huerta_de_Soto" title="Jesus Huerta de Soto" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Jesus Huerta de Soto</a> (Spain)</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2017 - <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alberto_Benegas_Lynch(h)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alberto Benegas Lynch (h) (not yet drafted)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Alberto Benegas Lynch (h)</a> (Argentina)</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2018 - <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alejandro_Chafuen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alejandro Chafuen (not yet drafted)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Alejandro Chafuen</a> (Argentina)</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2019 - <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Escohotado" title="Antonio Escohotado" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Antonio Escohotado</a> (Spain)</li><li style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.1em;">2020 - <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federico_Jim%C3%A9nez_Losantos" title="Federico Jimenez Losantos" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Federico Jimenez Losantos</a> (Spain)</li></ul><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;">Awards received [ </h2>In 2008, the Institute received the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premio_Templeton" title="Templeton Prize" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Templeton Prize</a> in the category recognizing outstanding achievements by a young institute, for "its multi-faceted approach which includes the organization of a Summer University, the offering of a Master in <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escuela_austr%C3%ADaca" class="mw-redirect" title="Austrian school" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Austrian Economics</a> , the organization of a student essay contest, the creation of the Medicine in Freedom project and the establishment of an Observatory of the Economic Situation". <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_note-2" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2</a> In 2009 he was awarded the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fisher_Venture_Grant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fisher Venture Grant (not yet drafted)" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Fisher Venture Grant</a> for "having become one of the leading institutions in teaching the foundations of freedom in the Spanish-speaking world." <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_note-3" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">3</a> Both awards were granted by the<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Atlas_Economic_Research_Foundation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atlas Economic Research Foundation (not yet drafted)" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Atlas Economic Research Foundation</a> , an organization based in Washington, D.C.<h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;">Controversy: Effects of Public Support for Renewable Energies on Employment [ </h2>In 2009, three members of the institute published, in collaboration with the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_Rey_Juan_Carlos" title="King Juan Carlos University" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Rey Juan Carlos University</a> of Madrid, the academic report Effects of Public Support for Renewable Energies on Employment . <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_note-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">4</a> In said study, the authors criticized the effects of the renewable energy promotion model promoted by the Spanish Government. According to the figures collected in the report, the millionaire subsidies to the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobby" class="mw-redirect" title="Lobby" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">lobby</a> of the Spanish <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energ%C3%ADa_verde" class="mw-redirect" title="Green energy" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">green energy</a> companies have caused the loss of 2.2 jobs in other more efficient sectors for each job created in the renewable energy sector. In addition, according to this same report, the creation of each <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empleo_verde" class="mw-redirect" title="green jobs" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">green job</a>represents a cost of more than half a million euros. <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_note-5" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">5</a> For the authors of the research, this model generates millionaire losses, since it is an inefficient industry that remains booming only thanks to the incentive packages granted by the Government that, ultimately, are covered with the money of taxpayers. <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_note-6" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">6</a> Numerous US media outlets and Republican congressmen echoed the report, which aroused great interest after <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Barack Obama</a> cited the Spanish energy policy as a model for his government. <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_note-7" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">7</a> The report has provoked numerous reactions from American writers. Some of these comments have been critical, <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_note-8" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">8</a>while others have been very complimentary of the data contained in the study. <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_note-9" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">9</a> The spokesman for Barack Obama had to comment on the study after being asked by the journalists assigned to the White House. 10<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_note-10" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a>In July 2009, the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%BAblico(Espa%C3%B1a)" title="Public (Spain)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Público</a> newspaper published a lengthy article criticizing the report and calling it "unpatriotic." According to this newspaper, the Juan de Mariana Institute, which would receive public subsidies through the Rey Juan Carlos University, is linked to the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/PP" class="mw-redirect" title="PP" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">PP</a> 's <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanza_Aguirre" title="Hope Aguirre" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">aguirrisist</a> orbit , which would have led it to try to damage the image of the Government of Spain in the United States. <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_note-11" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">11</a> In the opinion of Público, the IJM study "boycotts in the US the hopes of the Government of <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Zapatero" title="Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero</a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/PP" class="mw-redirect" title="PP" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;"></a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_note-11" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"></a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Zapatero" title="Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;"></a>for becoming a green benchmark", which especially affects the "Spanish renewable energy sector, which started out in an advantageous position to benefit from the gigantic stimulus plan to change the US energy model". The Juan de Mariana Institute replied , in an article picked up by <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital" title="digital freedom" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none;">Libertad Digital</a> , accusing the newspaper of lying and insisted again that it does not receive any kind of public money, <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_note-12" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">12</a> although this was not the underlying issue.  In July 2010, the Zapatero government announced a retroactive reduction in the premiums received by wind and solar thermal energy.13<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_note-13" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a>[[The weight of the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peri%C3%B3dico" title="Newspaper" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">newspaper</a> is represented by news and opinion articles. It is generally nourished by agencies to cover the information, but in recent years it has gradually been betting on its own information. His numerous collaborators cover a wide spectrum that goes from <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoconservadurismo" title="neoconservatism" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">neoconservatism</a> to <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberalismo_libertario" class="mw-redirect" title="libertarian liberalism" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">libertarian liberalism</a> passing through <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberalismo_cl%C3%A1sico" title="classical liberalism" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">classical liberalism</a> . [ <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verificabilidad" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">citation needed</a> ] It usually has collaborations with American liberals and neoconservatives (such as the conservative <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundaci%C3%B3n_Heritage" title="Heritage Foundation" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">Heritage Foundation</a> and the libertarian <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cato_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Cat Institute" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">Cato Institute</a>) and frequently echoes news stories, editorials, and interviews conducted in liberal-conservative leaning media such as the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Journal" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">Wall Street Journal</a> or <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fox_News" title="foxnews" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">Fox News</a> .Libertad Digital has been very critical of certain sectors of the left (especially with the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Socialista_Obrero_Espa%C3%B1ol" title="Spanish Socialist Worker's Party" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">PSOE</a> and <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podemos" title="Can" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Podemos</a> ) regarding the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_Civil_Espa%C3%B1ola" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish Civil War" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Spanish Civil War</a> , whom they accuse of promoting a " historical <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revanchismo" title="revenge" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">revenge </a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-11" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">"</a> , <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-9" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">9101112 </a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-10" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">as</a> <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-12" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">well</a> such as the rejection of the controversial <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ley_de_Memoria_Hist%C3%B3rica" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical Memory Law" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Law of Historical Memory</a> on the grounds that its true intention is to revive the contest as a political weapon, <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-13" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">13</a> initiatives that largely characterized the stage of <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Zapatero" title="Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero</a> as <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidente_del_Gobierno_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="President of the Government of Spain" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">President of the Government</a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-11" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-12" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ley_de_Memoria_Hist%C3%B3rica" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical Memory Law" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-13" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Zapatero" title="Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidente_del_Gobierno_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="President of the Government of Spain" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a>. Some articles by the controversial <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revisionismo_hist%C3%B3rico" title="historical revisionism" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">revisionist</a> historian Pío Moa published in this medium have justified certain aspects of the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictadura_de_Francisco_Franco" title="Dictatorship of Francisco Franco" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Franco dictatorship</a> , <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-14" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">141516 </a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-15" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">at</a> <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-16" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">which</a> point he has found opposition from another important collaborator such as <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Vidal" title="Cesar Vidal" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">César Vidal</a> . <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-17" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">17</a> Even so, both historians and columnists for Libertad Digital agree on the demystification of the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/II_Rep%C3%BAblica_espa%C3%B1ola" class="mw-redirect" title="II Spanish Republic" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Second Spanish Republic</a> as a democratic and freedom ideal of which the current state would be a direct heir, really considering modern Spanish democracy and its <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constituci%C3%B3n_espa%C3%B1ola_de_1978" title="Spanish Constitution of 1978" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Constitution</a> rather as an evolution of the previous authoritarian regime. Likewise, Libertad Digital has been publishing the opinions of columnists with some frequency, among whom was <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%ADo_Moa" title="Pius Moa" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Pío Moa</a> until his definitive departure from the medium in <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diciembre" title="December" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">December</a> 2011, <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservadurismo" title="conservatism" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">18 </a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-18" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">with</a> positions close to anti- <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticomunismo" title="anticommunism" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">communism </a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-19" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">19-20</a> and <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-20" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">conservatism</a> (reflected in his positions on abortion, <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-21" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">21 </a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-22" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">22</a> <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-23" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">23</a> marriage <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-24" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">24 </a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-25" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">25</a> or homosexuality). <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-26" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">26 </a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-27" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">27</a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservadurismo" title="conservatism" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-21" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-22" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-23" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-24" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-25" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-26" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-27" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacionalismo_espa%C3%B1ol" title="Spanish nationalism" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Some have also wanted to see in these opinion articles a certain alignment with nationalist ideas, when in fact they have been criticism and analysis of what Spanish nationalism</a> has historically meant throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, as well as its comparison with other <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacionalismo_perif%C3%A9rico" class="mw-redirect" title="peripheral nationalism" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">peripheral nationalisms</a> . 28<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-28" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a>Libertad Digital does not identify completely with the ideology of any national political party. Instead, it is usually very critical of the two major national parties, both the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Socialista_Obrero_Espa%C3%B1ol" title="Spanish Socialist Worker's Party" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Spanish Socialist Workers' Party</a> and the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Popular" title="People's Party" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Popular Party</a> , as well as nationalisms separatists and communism. These criticisms are largely based on economic and cultural interventionism, <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-29" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2930 </a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-30" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">as</a> well as on the consideration that the Spanish left has lost the original idea of a nation from the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortes_de_C%C3%A1diz" title="Courts of Cadiz" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Cortes of Cádiz</a> . <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-31" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">31</a> 32<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-32" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a>Libertad Digital has always maintained a very critical stance towards the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proceso_de_paz_con_ETA_del_Gobierno_de_la_VIII_Legislatura_de_Espa%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Peace process with ETA of the Government of the VIII Legislature of Spain" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">peace process with ETA</a> , describing said process as "full of lies", riddled with "transfers", "contempt for the victims" and "violations of the rule of law". <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-33" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">33</a> In its pages, the blog of the journalist <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis_del_Pino" title="louis del pine" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Luis del Pino</a> is hosted , who together with the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peones_Negros" class="mw-redirect" title="black pawns" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Peones Negros</a> movement , is dedicated to disseminating the details of the judicial summary of <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atentados_del_11_de_marzo_de_2004" title="Attacks of March 11, 2004" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">11-M</a> , exposing possible contradictions contained in it. 34<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital#cite_note-34" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"></a>In foreign policy, Liberad Digital maintains a eurosceptic position, very critical of the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni%C3%B3n_Europea" title="European Union" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">European Union</a> and the bureaucracy that, in its opinion, its institutions suffer from and opposes the centralization of power in <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruselas" title="Brussels" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Brussels</a> . 35]]<h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;">References [ </h2><div class="listaref" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-bottom: 0.5em; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"><ol class="references" style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 3.2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-parent 0 list-item 0; list-style-type: inherit;"><li id="cite_note-mision-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;">↑<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_ref-mision_1-0" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="user-select: none; top: -99999px; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); overflow: hidden; position: absolute !important; padding: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important;">Jump to:a </a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_ref-mision_1-1" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100117032457/http://juandemariana.org/pagina/10/mision/objetivos/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/common/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?48e54") right center no-repeat; padding-right: 13px;">Mission and objectives of the Juan de Mariana Institute</a></li><li id="cite_note-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_ref-2" aria-label="go back up" title="go back up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">↑ </a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100701015932/http://atlasnetwork.org/networknews/2008/10/20/2008-templeton-freedom-award-winners/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/common/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?48e54") right center no-repeat; padding-right: 13px;">2008 Templeton Freedom Award Winners</a></li><li id="cite_note-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_ref-3" aria-label="go back up" title="go back up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">↑ </a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091225004957/http://atlasnetwork.org/programs/fisher-venture-grants/winners/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/common/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?48e54") right center no-repeat; padding-right: 13px;">Recipients of 2009 Fisher Venture Grants</a></li><li id="cite_note-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_ref-4" aria-label="go back up" title="go back up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">↑ </a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101202175131/http://www.juandemariana.org/pdf/090327-employment-public-aid-renewable.pdf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif") right center no-repeat; padding-right: 18px;">Study of the effects on employment of public aid to renewable energy sources</a></li><li id="cite_note-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_ref-5" aria-label="go back up" title="go back up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">↑ </a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100116160644/http://juandemariana.org/nota/3393/verde/promete/zapatero/cuesta/571138/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/common/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?48e54") right center no-repeat; padding-right: 13px;">Each "green job" that Zapatero promises costs 571,138 euros to the Spanish</a> . Published by the Juan de Mariana Institute</li><li id="cite_note-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_ref-6" aria-label="go back up" title="go back up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">↑ </a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.libertaddigital.com/economia/gabriel-calzada-la-burbuja-verde-ya-esta-explotando-en-espana-1276371463/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/common/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?48e54") right center no-repeat; padding-right: 13px;">Gabriel Calzada: "The green bubble is already exploding in Spain"</a> Published in <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertad_Digital" title="digital freedom" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Libertad Digital</a></li><li id="cite_note-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_ref-7" aria-label="go back up" title="go back up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">↑ </a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lavozdeasturias.es/noticias/noticia.asp?pkid=469938" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/common/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?48e54") right center no-repeat; padding-right: 13px;">Barack Obama cites Spain as an example to follow in renewables</a> ( <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayuda:C%C3%B3mo_recuperar_un_enlace_roto" title="Help:How to recover a broken link" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">broken link</a> available at <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Internet Archive</a> ; see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.lavozdeasturias.es/noticias/noticia.asp?pkid=469938" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none !important; padding: 0px !important;">history</a> , <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/1/http://www.lavozdeasturias.es/noticias/noticia.asp?pkid=469938" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none !important; padding: 0px !important;">first</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/2/http://www.lavozdeasturias.es/noticias/noticia.asp?pkid=469938" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none !important; padding: 0px !important;">last</a> version ).</li><li id="cite_note-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_ref-8" aria-label="go back up" title="go back up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">↑ </a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.wsj.com/environmentalcapital/2009/03/30/green-jobs-ole-is-the-spanish-clean-energy-push-a-cautionary-tale/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/common/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?48e54") right center no-repeat; padding-right: 13px;">Green Jobs, Ole: Is the Spanish Clean-Energy Push a Cautionary Tale? </a><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/WSJ" class="mw-redirect" title="WSJ" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">WSJ</a></li><li id="cite_note-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_ref-9" aria-label="go back up" title="go back up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">↑ </a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/06/24/AR2009062403012.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/common/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?48e54") right center no-repeat; padding-right: 13px;">George F. Will: Tilting at Green Windmills</a></li><li id="cite_note-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_ref-10" aria-label="go back up" title="go back up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">↑</a> . <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.libertaddigital.com/economia/eco-internacional-para-el-informe-sobre-el-empleo-verde-en-espana-1276356747/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/common/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?48e54") right center no-repeat; padding-right: 13px;">The report on the effects of green employment in Spain reaches the White House</a> . Posted in Digital Freedom</li><li id="cite_note-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_ref-11" aria-label="go back up" title="go back up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">↑ </a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091213090615/http://www.publico.es/internacional/239598/lobby/neoliberal/pp/boicotea/espana/eeuu" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/common/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?48e54") right center no-repeat; padding-right: 13px;">The neoliberal lobby of the PP boycotts Spain in the US</a></li><li id="cite_note-12" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_ref-12" aria-label="go back up" title="go back up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">↑ </a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.libertaddigital.com/economia/el-instituto-juan-de-mariana-denuncia-las-difamaciones-del-diario-publico-1276365649/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/common/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?48e54") right center no-repeat; padding-right: 13px;">The Juan de Mariana Institute denounces the "defamations" of the newspaper Público</a></li><li id="cite_note-13" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana#cite_ref-13" aria-label="go back up" title="go back up" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">↑ </a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elperiodico.com/es/noticias/economia/20100704/industria-pacta-rebajar-las-primas-eolicas-termosolares/364570.shtml" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/common/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?48e54") right center no-repeat; padding-right: 13px;">Industry agrees to lower wind and solar thermal premiums</a></li></ol></div><h2 style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3;">External links [ <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit Section: External Links" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none; white-space: nowrap;">edit </a>]</h2><ul style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); list-style-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/common/images/bullet-icon.svg?d4515"); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px;"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.juandemariana.org/" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/common/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?48e54") right center no-repeat; padding-right: 13px;">Official website of the Juan de Mariana Institute</a></li></ul><div class="mw-authority-control" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 1.5em;"><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="navbox" style="border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); width: inherit; margin: auto; clear: both; text-align: center; padding: 3px; background: rgb(253, 253, 253);"><table class="hlist navbox-inner" style="width: 1030.33px; border-spacing: 0px; background: transparent;"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em; text-align: center; white-space: nowrap; background: rgb(221, 221, 255); width: 99.0104px;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_de_autoridades" title="authority control" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">authority control</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="line-height: 1.8em; border-color: rgb(253, 253, 253); background: transparent; border-left-width: 2px; border-left-style: solid; width: 904.698px; padding: 0px;"><div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"><ul style="list-style-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/common/images/bullet-icon.svg?d4515"); margin: 0px; padding: 0.125em 0px;"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; display: inline;">Wikimedia projects</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; display: inline;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikidata" title="wikidata" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;"><img alt="wd" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" /></a>Data: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5917397" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q5917397" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Q5917397</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; display: inline;">Identifiers</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; display: inline;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="National Library of Spain" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">BNE</a> : <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX5644774" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/common/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?48e54") right center no-repeat; padding-right: 13px;">XX5644774</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></div><div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); padding: 5px; margin-top: 1em; clear: both;"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Especial:Categor%C3%ADas" title="Special: Categories" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Categories</a> :<ul style="list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; display: inline;"><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 0px; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0.25em;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:Think_tanks_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Category:Spanish think tanks" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Spanish think tanks</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:Asociaciones_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Category:Spanish associations" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Associations of Spain</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Categor%C3%ADa:Institutos_liberales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Liberal institutes (not yet drafted)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">liberal institutes</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:Conservadurismo_en_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Category:Conservatism in Spain" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Conservatism in Spain</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:Liberalismo_en_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Category:Liberalism in Spain" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Liberalism in Spain</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:Escuela_austriaca" title="Category:Austrian school" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Austrian school</a></li><li style="margin: 0.125em 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.25em; border-left: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); padding: 0px 0.5em;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:Organizaciones_fundadas_en_2005" title="Category:Organizations founded in 2005" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Organizations founded in 2005</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">=</div><div times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">sw</div><div times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">In 2009 IER run a campaign on "green jobs" attacking the expansion of renewables energies. IER commissioned three studies on renewable energies and green jobs in Denmark, Germany and Spain.<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Institute_for_Energy_Research#cite_note-4" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[4]</a> These studies by different think tanks were than promoted by IER and other free market think tanks in the US but also used in Europe<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Institute_for_Energy_Research#cite_note-5" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[5]</a> and Ontario, Canada.<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Institute_for_Energy_Research#cite_note-6" style="text-decoration-line: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">[6]</a> The study on Germany e.g. was translated into German and taken up by German media - without mentioning that the study was financed by IER with its close business links. The German institute that wrote the study (called Rheinisch-westfaelisches Institut fuer Wirtschaftsforschung, RWI) didn't acknowledge the funding from IER until they were challenged by investigative journalists.<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Institute_for_Energy_Research#cite_note-7" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[7]</a>A report by the European NGO Corporate Europe Observatory tried to get more information on the funding of the libertarian <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Instituto_Juan_de_Mariana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Instituto Juan de Mariana (page does not exist)" style="background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; text-decoration-line: none;">Instituto Juan de Mariana</a> responsible for the Spanish study and the Danish think tank <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=CEPOS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CEPOS (page does not exist)" style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 102); text-decoration-line: none;">CEPOS</a> doing the study on wind energy in Denmark. The report states: "In their reply to CEO, Instituto Juan de Mariana affirmed that it finances all its activities through the individual donation of his over 250 individual members and that they did not receive corporate funding with the exception of a small Spanish insurance company. When contacted again to check whether the Institute for Energy Research (IER) support for the above study was financial, the Institute stopped responding."<a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Institute_for_Energy_Research#cite_note-8" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[8]</a></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</div><h1 id="h-gabriel-calzada-alvarez" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">gabriel Calzada Alvarez</h1><h2 id="h-credentials" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Credential PhD, Economics. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/gabriel-calzada/#s1" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[1]</a></h2><h2 id="h-background" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Background</h2>Gabriel Calzada Alvarez is the founder and president of the Instituto Juan de Mariana, a libertarian think tank based in Spain. He has been an Associate Professor of Economics at King Juan Carlos University in Spain since 2004 and Vice-Director of the scholarly Procesos de Mercado. He has been a Rowley Fellow at the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Ludwig_von_Mises_Institute" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Ludwig von Mises Institute</a>, and is also a Fellow at the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Centre_for_the_New_Europe" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Centre for the New Europe</a>.He frequently appears on television broadcasts and has written for publications including Libertad Digital, the Spanish Herald, Expanses, Mises Daily, The Journal of Libertarian Studies, Procesos de Mercados, La Ilustracion Liberal, and Canarias Liberal. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/gabriel-calzada/#s2" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[2]</a>He is author of a controversial study titled “Study of the effects on employment of public aid to renewable energy sources” which made a number of disputed claims regarding green energy and job growth.<h2 id="h-stance-on-climate-change" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Stance on Climate Change</h2><blockquote class="wp-block-quote" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; position: relative; margin-top: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“[S]cientists are still uncertain how much human activity, through Co2 emissions, might be contributing to climate change in comparison to other factors like water vapour or solar activity. There is, however, a scientific consensus on the fact that, even if we froze carbon dioxide emissions as the Kyoto Protocol intended, warming would decrease barely 0.07 degrees centigrade.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/gabriel-calzada/#s3" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[3]</a></blockquote><h2 id="h-key-quotes" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Key Quotes</h2><blockquote class="wp-block-quote" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; position: relative; margin-top: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“Spain has already attempted to lead the world in a clean energy transformation. But our research shows that Spain’s policies were economically destructive. […] Deliberately pursuing more expensive and less efficient energy in order to create green jobs has been the source of social harm and net job destruction, and many citizens of a nation are hurt when such policies are pursued.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/gabriel-calzada/#s4" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[4]</a></blockquote><blockquote class="wp-block-quote" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; position: relative; margin-top: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“All the resources that have been taken from other parts of the economy and put into the creation of these jobs or the subsidy of renewable energy, if you look at how many jobs this amount of money created in the rest of the economy, you see that for every job that you have been creating, or subsidizing, you would have created 2.2 jobs in the rest of the economy.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/gabriel-calzada/#s11" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[11</a><a href="https://www.desmog.com/gabriel-calzada/#s11" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">]</a></blockquote><h2 id="h-key-deeds" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Key Deeds</h2>April 2012Gabriel Calzada was a <a href="http://atlasnetwork.org/blog/2012/03/the-atlas-experience-2012-speakers/" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">keynote speaker</a> at the Atlas Economic Research Foundation’s 2013 “Atlas Experience.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/gabriel-calzada/#s5" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[5]</a>June 4, 2010Calzada <a href="http://www.fcpp.org/publication.php/3314" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">discussed Spain’s green job initiatives </a>with the Frontier Center for Public Policy (FCPP). His belief is that “it is incredibly expensive to create a green job” and that green jobs are “”very inefficient.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/gabriel-calzada/#s6" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[6]</a>May 2010Calzada was a <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180123033424/http://climateconferences.heartland.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/ICCC4.pdf" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">speaker</a> at the <a href="https://www.desmog.com/heartland-institute" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Heartland Institute</a>‘s fourth International Conference on Climate Change (ICCC4) where he gave a speech titled “<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180523022639/http://climateconferences.heartland.org/gabriel-calzada-iccc4/" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Green Eggs and Scam: The Myth of Green Jobs.</a>” Video can be viewed below. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/gabriel-calzada/#s14" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[14</a>[vid]deSmog has <a href="https://www.desmog.com/denial-a-palooza-4th-international-conference-climate-change-heartland" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">done research</a> on the co-sponsors of the conference and found that 19 of the 65 sponsors (including Heartland itself) have received a total of over $40 million in funding since 1985 from <a href="https://www.desmog.com/exxonmobil-funding-climate-science-denial" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">ExxonMobil</a>, <a href="https://www.desmog.com/koch-industries-inc" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Koch Industries</a> family foundations or the <a href="https://www.desmog.com/scaife-family-foundations" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Scaife family foundations</a>.June 2009Calzada was a <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180123031949/http://climateconferences.heartland.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/ICCC3.pdf" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">speaker</a> at the <a href="https://www.desmog.com/heartland-institute" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Heartland Institute</a>‘s third International Conference on Climate Change (ICCC3) where he spoke on Panel 2: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180523021311/http://climateconferences.heartland.org/gabriel-calzada-iccc3/" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">“Economics”</a> with <a href="https://www.desmog.com/david-tuerck" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">David Tuerck</a> and <a href="https://www.desmog.com/jim-sensenbrenner" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Jim Sensenbrenner.</a> <a href="https://www.desmog.com/gabriel-calzada/#s13" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[13</a>[vid]march 2009Calzada was a <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180123031835/http://climateconferences.heartland.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/ICCC2.pdf" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">speaker</a> at the <a href="https://www.desmog.com/heartland-institute" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Heartland Institute</a>‘s second International Conference on Climate Change (ICCC2) where he gave a speech titled <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180523015906/http://climateconferences.heartland.org/gabriel-calzada-iccc2/" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">“Spain´s New Economy: Boom and Bust of the Spanish Renewable Miracle.”</a> Video can be viewed below. <a href="http://s12/" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[12</a>[vid]eSmogBlog <a href="https://www.desmog.com/heartland-institutes-2009-climate-conference-new-york-funding-history-sponsors" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">researched the funding</a> behind the conference and found that sponsor organizations had collectively received over $47 million from energy companies and right-wing foundations, with 78% of that total coming from the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Scaife_Foundations" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Scaife Family of foundations.</a>September 2009Gabriel Calzada was an author of a <a href="http://www.juandemariana.org/pdf/090327-employment-public-aid-renewable.pdf" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">study (PDF) </a>titled “Study of the effects on employment of public aid to renewable energy sources” claiming that for each green job created  in Spain, 2.2 jobs were destroyed as a result. Other authors included University Rey Juan Carlos researchers Raquel Merino Jara and Juan Ramón Rallo Julián and technical consultant José Ignacio García Bielsa. The study bore the letterhead of the University of Rey Juan Carlos where Calzada is Associate Professor, but was co-commissioned by the Instituto Juan de Mariana.According to the study, “the Spanish/EU-style ‘green jobs’ agenda now being promoted in the U.S. in fact destroys jobs. […] The study’s results demonstrate how such ‘green jobs’ policy clearly hinders Spain’s way out of the current economic crisis, even while U.S. politicians insist that rushing  into such a scheme will ease their own emergence from the turmoil.”Calzada was invited to testify before the House Select Committee on Energy Independence by <a href="https://www.desmog.com/jim-sensenbrenner" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Republican James Sensenbrenner</a>, where he stated that “Europe’s experience actually suggests that this is precisely the wrong approach.” Gabriel Calzada <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AkHXWC0PaLE" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">later appeared on Fox News</a> where both he and Sensenbrenner speak in support of the study. Josh Harkinson. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/gabriel-calzada/#s7" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[7]</a>, <a href="https://www.desmog.com/gabriel-calzada/#s8" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[8]</a>,<a href="https://www.desmog.com/gabriel-calzada/#s9" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> [9</a><a href="https://www.desmog.com/gabriel-calzada/#s9" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">]</a>Calzada’s study was debunked by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, which released a <a href="http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy09osti/46261.pdf" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">report (PDF)</a> in response which came to the following conclusion:“The analysis by the authors from King Juan Carlos University represents a significant divergence from traditional methodologies used to estimate employment impacts from renewable energy. In fact, the methodology does not reflect an employment impact analysis. Accordingly, the primary conclusion made by the authors – policy support of renewable energy results in net jobs losses – is not supported by their work.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/gabriel-calzada/#s10" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[10</a><a href="https://www.desmog.com/gabriel-calzada/#s10" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">]</a>March 21, 2006Calzada spoke on “<a href="http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=2704618" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Kyoto and the precautionary principle</a>” at the <a href="https://www.ucavila.es/index.php?view=article&id=214%3Acomienzan-las-ii-jornadas-de-pensamiento-econo&option=com_content&Itemid=421&lang=es" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Second Conference on Economic Thought </a>organized by the Catholic University of Avila in collaboration with the Association of Economists of Avila.November 2005Calzada spoke on “The Privatization of Defense” at the Annual London Conference of the Libertarian Alliance. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/gabriel-calzada/#s2" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[2]</a>2005Around the time that the Instituto Juan de Mariana (IJM) was founded, Gabriel Calzada organized a <a href="http://www.juandemariana.org/event/19/kyoto/and/spanish/economy/" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">seminar arguing against the Kyoto Protocol.</a> The seminar was organized by both IJM and the <a href="https://www.desmog.com/competitive-enterprise-institute" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Competitive Enterprise Institute (CEI) </a>and featured prominent CEI climate change skeptic <a href="https://www.desmog.com/chris-horner" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Christopher Horner</a>.<h2 id="h-affiliations" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Affiliations</h2><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Instituto Juan de Mariana — President and Founder (March, 2005). </li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">King Juan Carlos University — Associate Professor of Economics.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Ludwig_von_Mises_Institute" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none; font-weight: 500;">Ludwig von Mises Institute</a> — Rowley Fellow.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Centre_for_the_New_Europe" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Centre for the New Europe </a>— Fellow. </li></ul><h2 id="h-publications" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Publications</h2>Gabriel Calzada has published a number of articles in economics including the following:<ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Gabriel Calzada Álvarez, Raquel Merino Jara, Juan Ramón Rallo Julián, José Ignacio García Bielsa. <a href="http://www.juandemariana.org/pdf/090327-employment-public-aid-renewable.pdf" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">“Study ofthe effects on employment of public aid to renewable energy sources” (PDF)</a>, PROCESOS DE MERCADO. Volumen VII, Número 1, Primavera 2010. ISSN: 1697-6797-13. </li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Gabriel Calzada, Cécile Philippe, Xavier Méra. “<a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0270.2005.00566.x/abstract" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">THE PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE: A HIGH-RISK PRINCIPLE</a>,” Economic Affairs, Volume 25, Issue 3 (September 2005), pages 60–62. </li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Gabriel Calzada Álvarez. “<a href="http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=1281723" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Mises and Rothbard On War Finance</a>,” Market Processes: European Journal of Political Economy, ISSN 1697-6797, N º. 1, 2005 , p. 147-170.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Gustave de Molinari , Gabriel Calzada Álvarez. “<a href="http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=2259281" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">On production safety</a>,” Market Processes: European Journal of Political Economy , ISSN 1697-6797, N º. 1, 2006 , p. 219-236. </li></ul><h2 id="h-resources" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Resources</h2><ol style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s1" name="s1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;" />“<a href="http://www.zoominfo.com/people/Calzada_Gabriel_157324684.aspx" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Dr. Gabriel Calzada</a>,” Zoominfo profile. Last updated 12/1/12.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s2" name="s2" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;" />“<a href="http://www.libertarian.co.uk/conferences/conf05record.htm" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS: THE ANNUAL LONDON CONFERENCE OF THE LIBERTARIAN ALLIANCE AND THE LIBERTARIAN INTERNATIONA</a>L,” Libertarian.co.uk. Accessed March 3, 2013.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s3" name="s3" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;" />“<a href="http://www.juandemariana.org/article/976/zp/terrorism/and/climate/change/" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">ZP on Terrorism and Climate Change</a>,” Instituto Juan de Mariana, 2006/11/05.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s4" name="s4" href="http://globalwarming.markey.house.gov/files/HRG/092409Solar/calzada.pdf" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">TESTIMONY BEFORE THE HOUSE SELECT COMMITTEE ON ENERGY INDEPENDENCE AND GLOBAL WARMING (PDF)</a>, September 24, 2009 Washington, DC.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s5" name="s5" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;" />“<a href="http://atlasnetwork.org/blog/2012/03/the-atlas-experience-2012-speakers/" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">The Atlas Experience 2012: Speakers</a>,” The Atlas Network. Accessed March 3, 2013.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s6" name="s6" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;" /><a href="http://www.fcpp.org/publication.php/3314" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Conversations from the Frontier Center for Public Policy (C127)</a>, June 4, 2010.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s7" name="s7" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;" />“<a href="http://www.motherjones.com/environment/2009/12/climate-deniers-atlas-foundation" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Climate Change Deniers Without Borders</a>,” Mother Jones, December 22, 2009.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s8" name="s8" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;" />PERE RUSIÑOL. “<a href="http://www.publico.es/internacional/239598/el-lobby-neoliberal-del-pp-boicotea-a-espana-en-eeuu" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">The neoliberal lobby PP Spain in the U.S. boycotts</a>” (Translated from Spanish via Google), Publico.es, July 18, 2009.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s9" name="s9" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;" />“<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AkHXWC0PaLE" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Calzada on Fox News Green Jobs Special</a>,” YouTube Video uploaded by user ‘energyforamerica,” September 27, 2011.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s10" name="s10" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;" />Eric Lantz and Suzanne Tegen. <a href="http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy09osti/46261.pdf" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">”NREL Response to the Report Study of the Effects on Employment of Public Aid to Renewable Energy Sources from King Juan Carlos University (Spain),” (PDF)</a>, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, August 2009.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s11" name="s11" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;" />“<a href="http://www.eenews.net/tv/2009/05/13/" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Spanish economist Calzada discusses use of subsidies to create ‘green’ jobs,</a>” E&E TV, May 13, 2009</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s12" name="s12" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;" />“<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180123031835/http://climateconferences.heartland.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/ICCC2.pdf" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Second International Conference on Climate Change, Program</a>,” (PDF) Heartland Institute. Archived January 23, 2018.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s13" name="s13" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;" />“Third International Conference on Climate Change, Program,” (<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180123031949/http://climateconferences.heartland.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/ICCC3.pdf" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">PDF</a>) Heartland Institute. Archived January 23, 2018.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a id="s14" name="s14" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;" />“Fourth International Conference on Climate Change, Program,” (<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180123033424/http://climateconferences.heartland.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/ICCC4.pdf" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">PDF</a>) Heartland Institute. Archived January 23, 2018.</li></ol><h3 id="h-other-resources" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Other Resources</h3><ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Gabriel_Calzada" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Gabriel Calzada</a>,” SourceWatch. </li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a href="http://www.exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=1033" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">ExxonSecrets Factsheet: Gabriel Calzada</a>. </li></ul>
mojo

Writing two weeks ago in Poland's most popular tabloid, the Super Express, an economic analyst named Tomasz Teluk claimed that a potential climate agreement in Copenhagen might double Poles' electricity bills, hobble his coal-dependent country, and even lead to one-world government. Fortunately, he wrote, the "'global warming' scare" has been hugely overblown: "As each of us learned in elementary school, carbon dioxide is a gas essential to the development of life, not a poison, so you do not have to eliminate it at any price."

Teluk, the founder of the <a href="http://www.globalizacja.org/en/">Globalization Institute</a>, a libertarian think tank, is Poland's most prominent climate change skeptic. He has become a hero to Polish conservatives, who have convinced their government to resist strong emissions cuts and block the European Union from giving climate change assistance to developing nations. A leading Polish financial newspaper recently named his institute the country's best think tank. But Teluk is hardly a homegrown climate skeptic. Much of his rhetoric, such as his claim that <a href="http://motherjones.com/environment/2009/12/dirty-dozen-climate-change-denial-07-plants-need-c02">CO</a><a href="http://motherjones.com/environment/2009/12/dirty-dozen-climate-change-denial-07-plants-need-c02">2</a><a href="http://motherjones.com/environment/2009/12/dirty-dozen-climate-change-denial-07-plants-need-c02"> is good for you</a>, echoes the well-worn claims of <a href="http://motherjones.com/special-reports/2009/12/dirty-dozen-climate-change-denial">American skeptics</a>. And much of Teluk's newfound visibility can be traced back to his long-standing ties with conservative patrons and energy interests in the United States.

Americans have provided Teluk with jobs, fellowships, professional contacts, and money. This year, the Globalization Institute won a $10,000 grant from the <a href="http://atlasnetwork.org/">Atlas Economic Research Foundation</a>, a Washington, DC-based think-tank incubator that's <a href="http://motherjones.com/environment/2009/12/dirty-dozen-climate-change-denial-exxon">funded by ExxonMobil</a>. Teluk isn't alone. The Globalization Institute is part of a loose network of some 500 similar organizations in dozens of countries that are often bankrolled by American foundations that are, in turn, backed by carbon-spewing American industries. The foreign groups' finances are opaque, yet an Atlas Foundation spokesman acknowledges that some of them wouldn't exist without dollars being pumped in. In the coming months, these groups will lead the fight in their own countries to derail <a href="http://motherjones.com/politics/2009/12/copenhagen-decoded">the shaky deal made in Copenhagen</a>—which will likely prompt American skeptics to cite widespread international opposition to taking action on climate change.

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With US-backed overseas think tanks parroting denier talking points in dozens of languages, the echo chamber is already up and running. "The correct policy approach to [the] non-problem [of climate change] is to have the courage to do nothing," writes <a href="http://motherjones.com/environment/2009/12/dirty-dozen-climate-change-denial-10-lord-christopher-monckton">British skeptic Lord Christopher Monckton</a> in an article summarized in Chinese on the website of the Beijing-based Cathay Institute for Public Affairs. As the United States stonewalled sub-Saharan African countries' demands for more climate-related foreign aid in Copenhagen, the IMANI Center for Policy and Education in Ghana and three other African think tanks backed by American interests signed on to a letter blaming poor nations for invoking "the climate change scapegoat to explain hunger, sickness, and climate vulnerability."

This September, after President Obama repeatedly cited Spain's success creating green jobs, congressional Republicans flew in Gabriel Calzada, president of Spain's Instituto Juan de Mariana, to present a study claiming that each green job created in his country destroyed another 2.2 jobs. "Europe's experience actually suggests that this is precisely the wrong approach," he testified before the House Select Committee on Energy Independence and Global Warming. (The study was debunked by the Spanish government.)

At the center of this feedback loop is the Atlas Economic Research Foundation, which <a href="http://motherjones.com/environment/2009/12/deniers-without-borders?page=3">has supported more than 30 other foreign think tanks</a> that espouse climate change skepticism. Atlas has given the Instituto de Juan Mariana more than $100,000. In 2008, it gave the IMANI Center for Policy & Education a $100,000 grant. It has also funded skeptic groups in the four nations whose governments just inked a controversial, last-minute climate deal with the United States in Copenhagen: the Cathay Institute in China, the Liberty Institute in India, the Free Market Foundation in South Africa, and the Instituto Liberdade in Brazil.

Founded in 1981 and named after Ayn Rand's free-market amorality tale, <a href="http://motherjones.com/media/2009/07/and-rand-played" style="">Atlas Shrugged</a>, the Atlas Foundation has spent more than $20 million seeding some 200 libertarian think tanks across the globe as part of its Atlas Network. Much of its money has come from Phillip Morris; foundations tied to the Koch family, oil magnates who are leading funders of denier groups; and the Earhart Foundation, which was created from the profits of the now-defunct White Star Oil Company. Since 1998, <a href="http://motherjones.com/environment/2009/12/dirty-dozen-climate-change-denial-exxon">ExxonMobil</a> and its foundations have given Atlas nearly $1 million. Between 2002 and 2008, the last year for which tax records are available, Atlas' budget more than tripled, nearly hitting $7 million, with the largest single portion going to grants for <a href="http://motherjones.com/environment/2009/12/deniers-without-borders?page=3">"think tanks in different regions of the world."</a></div>

http://motherjones.com/environment/2009/12/climate-deniers-atlas-foundation?page=1

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