sea ice arctic increase
<font size="4" face="Times New Roman">blank 820, interesting to know who 1st, most persistent, who latest</font><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">see 4 related nodes legit
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</font></div><div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div><div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">an 8 22 almost a foot by 2100 </font></div><div><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The fossil fuel-driven climate emergency has already locked in so much ice melt in Greenland that sea levels will surge by nearly a foot in the coming decades, peer-reviewed research published Monday warns, underscoring the need to rapidly transform virtually all aspects of the global political economy.</font></p><p style=""><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Even if the world stopped emitting greenhouse gases today, the</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 153, 0);"> Greenland ice sheet is set to lose at least<b> 3.3% of its mass, or 110 trillion tons of ice</b>, and that will cause almost a foot in global sea-level rise (SLR)</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">, says the </span><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-022-01441-2" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">study</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">, published in </span><em style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Nature Climate Change</em><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">. The authors don't specify a time frame for the melting and SLR, though they expect much of it to happen between now and 2100.</span></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">But rather than lead to despair, this projection of inevitable damage—made by scientists based at institutions in Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Norway, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and the United States—should catalyze immediate and robust climate action, experts stress. Without it, the life-threatening situation confronting humanity is destined to grow far deadlier.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Earlier this year, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration <a href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/2022/02/15/wake-call-noaa-predicts-one-foot-sea-level-rise-2050" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">predicted</a> that sea levels along the U.S. coastline would rise by an average of 10 to 12 inches by 2050, drastically increasing the threat of <a href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/2021/10/11/quarter-all-critical-us-infrastructure-risk-flooding-report" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">flooding</a> in dozens of highly populated <a href="https://jacobinmag.com/2017/08/if-we-fail/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">cities</a>.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>By mid-century, 150 million people worldwide could be displaced from their homes just by rising sea levels, according to some <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/07/23/magazine/climate-migration.html" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">estimates</a>.</b> The consequences of a one-foot SLR would be especially catastrophic for developing <a href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/2021/11/02/you-might-well-bomb-our-islands-palau-president-admonishes-big-emitters-cop26" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">island nations</a>, where low elevation and high poverty combine to increase vulnerability.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">These countries, which have done little to cause the climate crisis now roasting the Greenland ice sheet, lack the financial resources for adaptation and face the prospect of being wiped off the map.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>"Every study has bigger numbers than the last,</b>" William Colgan, a scientist at the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland and co-author of the new paper, <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2022/08/29/greenland-ice-sheet-sea-level/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">told</a> <em>The Washington Post</em>. "It's always faster than forecast."</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">As lead author Jason Box, also from the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, told the newspaper, the finding that 3.3% of Greenland's ice sheet will be gone in a matter of decades regardless of what is done to halt planet-heating pollution represents "a minimum, a lower bound."</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Things are all but guaranteed to get worse if humanity continues to burn fossil fuels. Should the record-breaking ice loss that occurred in 2012 become the norm, for example, the world is likely to see around two-and-a-half feet of SLR from Greenland alone, the study says.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">By the same token, each fraction of a degree of warming that is avoided makes a difference.</font></p><p style=""><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"><b>If Greenland's ice sheet were to disintegrate completely, sea levels would rise more than 22 feet</b>—"enough to double the frequency of storm-surge flooding in many of the world's largest coastal cities</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">" by the end of the century, scientists have </span><a href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/2020/09/03/worst-case-scenario-melting-ice-and-sea-level-rise-coming-pass-warn-researchers" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">warned</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">, so the stakes for adequate climate action are still immense even if a certain amount of melting and SLR has been deemed irreversible.</span></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Greenland is located in the Arctic, which has been <a href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/2021/11/24/unsettling-new-study-reveals-arctic-ocean-warming-over-century" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">heating up for over a century</a> and is one of the <a href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/2021/05/20/real-hotspot-study-shows-arctic-warming-3-times-faster-rest-earth" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">fastest-warming</a> regions in the world. Dangerous <a href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/2022/06/15/scale-warmer-arctic-ocean-fueling-climate-feedback-loop-faster-previously-known" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">feedback loops</a> are of particular concern. The <a href="https://www.wired.com/story/why-the-arctic-is-warming-4-times-as-fast-as-the-rest-of-earth/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">replacement</a> of reflective sea ice with dark ocean water leads to greater absorption of solar energy, and the thawing of <a href="https://e360.yale.edu/features/how-melting-permafrost-is-beginning-to-transform-the-arctic" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">permafrost</a> portends the release of additional carbon dioxide and <a href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/2020/10/27/researchers-worry-methane-discovery-arctic-ocean-could-signal-dangerous-new-climate" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">methane</a>—both leading to accelerated temperature rise that triggers further <a href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/2022/07/21/water-major-greenland-ice-melt-could-fill-72-million-olympic-swimming-pools" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">melting</a>, defrosting, and destabilization.</font></p><p style=""><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b style="background-color: rgb(255, 153, 0);">In December, researchers <a href="https://www.science.org/content/article/arctic-warming-four-times-faster-rest-world" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">estimated</a> that the Arctic has been heating up four times faster than the rest of the globe over the past three decades</b><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">. Another recent study </span><a href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/2022/01/07/greenland-ice-sheet-shrunk-25th-year-straight-2021-report-shows" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">found</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> that 2021 was the 25th consecutive year in which Greenland's ice sheet lost more mass during the melting season than it gained during the winter. </span><a href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/2021/08/20/rainfall-observed-peak-greenland-ice-sheet-first-time-record" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">Rainfall</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> is now projected to become </span><a href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/2021/11/30/new-climate-study-predicting-more-rain-snow-arctic-rings-alarm-bells" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">more common</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> in the Arctic than snowfall decades sooner than previously expected.</span></font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">This context has a direct bearing on the new paper, which contains more dire predictions than other reports relying on different assumptions.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), for instance, has <a href="https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Chapter09.pdf#page=92" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">projected</a> that Greenland will lose roughly 1.8% of its mass and contribute up to half a foot of SLR by 2100 if humans continue spewing large amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"One reason that new research appears worse than other findings may just be that it is simpler," the <em>Post </em><a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2022/08/29/greenland-ice-sheet-sea-level/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">explains</a>. "It tries to calculate how much ice Greenland must lose as it recalibrates to a warmer climate."</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"In the past, scientists have tried to determine what Greenland's ongoing melting means for the global sea level through complex computer simulations," the newspaper continues. "They model the ice itself, the ocean around it, and the future climate based on different trajectories of emissions." The result, in general, has been "less alarming predictions."</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">As the Post reports:</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-left: 20px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The new research 'obtains numbers that are high compared to other studies,' said Sophie Nowicki, an expert on Greenland at the University at Buffalo who contributed to the IPCC report. Nowicki observed, however, that one reason the number is so high is that the study considers only the last 20 years—which have seen strong warming—as the current climate to which the ice sheet is now adjusting. Taking a 40-year period would yield a lower result, Nowicki said.
[...]
Box, for his part, argues that the models upon which the IPCC report is based are 'like a facsimile of reality,' without enough detail to reflect how Greenland is really changing. Those computer models have sparked <a href="https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/15/5705/2021/tc-15-5705-2021-discussion.html" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="blank" class="rm-stats-tracked" style="text-decoration-line: none; opacity: 1; transition: color 0.25s ease 0s, background 0.25s ease 0s, opacity 0.25s ease 0s;">considerable controversy</a> recently, with one research group charging they do not adequately track Greenland's current, high levels of ice loss.
</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">For example, the processes causing ice loss from large glaciers in Greenland "often occur hundreds of meters below the sea surface in narrow fjords, where warm water can flick at the submerged ice in complex motions," the newspaper notes. "In some cases, these processes may simply be playing out at too small a scale for the models to capture."</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Pennsylvania State University professor Richard Alley, an ice sheet expert who was not involved in the study, told the <em>Post</em> that "the problems are deeply challenging, will not be solved by wishful thinking, and have not yet been solved by business-as-usual."</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">One thing that's certain, Alley added, is that higher temperatures will lead to greater amounts of SLR.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"[The] rise can be a little less than usual projections, or a little more, or a lot more, but not a lot less," he said.</font></p></div><div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></div></div></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.alternet.org/2021/10/arctic-sea-ice/">https://www.alternet.org/2021/10/arctic-sea-ice/</a></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">ew 920</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/antarctica" target="self" style="text-decoration-color: rgb(82, 149, 70); overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Antarctica</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> and </span><a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/greenland" target="self" style="text-decoration-color: rgb(82, 149, 70); overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Greenland</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">'s </span><a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/ice-sheet" target="self" style="text-decoration-color: rgb(82, 149, 70); overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ice sheets</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> are currently melting at a pace consistent with worst-case-scenario predictions for </span><a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/sea-level-rise" target="self" style="text-decoration-color: rgb(82, 149, 70); overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">sea level rise</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">, with serious consequences for coastal communities and the reliability of </span><a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/climate-change/" target="self" style="text-decoration-color: rgb(82, 149, 70); overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">climate</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> models.</span></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">ew 920</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> recent </span><a href="https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/08/growing-underwater-heat-blob-speeds-demise-arctic-sea-ice" target="blank" style="text-decoration-color: rgb(82, 149, 70); overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Science Magazine</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> feature blamed an underwater heat blob for exacerbating sea ice loss as it proclaimed what many Arctic scientists already know: </span><a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/arctic" style="text-decoration-color: rgb(82, 149, 70); overflow-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Arctic</a><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> sea ice is racing toward its demise.</span></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></div><div><a href="https://grist.org/climate-energy/antarctic-sea-ice-is-increasing/"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">https://grist.org/climate-energy/antarctic-sea-ice-is-increasing/</font></a></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">2006</font></div><div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; font-family: Merriweather, Georgia, " droid="Droid" serif="serif" cambria="Cambria" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" text-rendering="text-rendering" optimizelegibility="optimizelegibility" color="color" rgb="rgb" background-color="background-color"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Part of the <a href="http://gristmill.grist.org/skeptics" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; line-height: inherit; text-decoration-skip-ink: auto; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(7, 96, 126); transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none !important;">How to Talk to a Global Warming Skeptic</a> guide)</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; font-family: Merriweather, Georgia, " droid="Droid" serif="serif" cambria="Cambria" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" text-rendering="text-rendering" optimizelegibility="optimizelegibility" color="color" rgb="rgb" background-color="background-color"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: underline;">Objection</span>: Sure, sea ice is shrinking in the Arctic, but it is growing in the Antarctic. Sounds like natural fluctuations that balance out in the end.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; font-family: Merriweather, Georgia, " droid="Droid" serif="serif" cambria="Cambria" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" text-rendering="text-rendering" optimizelegibility="optimizelegibility" color="color" rgb="rgb" background-color="background-color"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: underline;">Answer</span>: Overall, it is true that sea ice in the Antarctic is increasing.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; font-family: Merriweather, Georgia, " droid="Droid" serif="serif" cambria="Cambria" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" text-rendering="text-rendering" optimizelegibility="optimizelegibility" color="color" rgb="rgb" background-color="background-color"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Around the peninsula, where there is <a href="http://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2006/11/trends2004.col.pdf" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; line-height: inherit; text-decoration-skip-ink: auto; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(7, 96, 126); transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none !important;">a lot of warming</a> [PDF], the ice is retreating. This is the area of the recent and dramatic Larsen B and Ross <a href="http://amrc.ssec.wisc.edu/iceberg.html" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; line-height: inherit; text-decoration-skip-ink: auto; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(7, 96, 126); transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none !important;">ice shelf breakups</a>.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; font-family: Merriweather, Georgia, " droid="Droid" serif="serif" cambria="Cambria" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" text-rendering="text-rendering" optimizelegibility="optimizelegibility" color="color" rgb="rgb" background-color="background-color"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">But the rest of the continent has not shown any clear warming or cooling and sea ice has increased over the last decade or so.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; font-family: Merriweather, Georgia, " droid="Droid" serif="serif" cambria="Cambria" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" text-rendering="text-rendering" optimizelegibility="optimizelegibility" color="color" rgb="rgb" background-color="background-color"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">This is not actually a big surprise.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; font-family: Merriweather, Georgia, " droid="Droid" serif="serif" cambria="Cambria" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" text-rendering="text-rendering" optimizelegibility="optimizelegibility" color="color" rgb="rgb" background-color="background-color"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In fact, it is completely in line with model expectations that CO2-dominated forcing will have a disproportionately large effect in the north. The reasons lie in the much larger amount of land in the northern hemisphere and the fact that the ocean’s thermal inertia and ability to mix delay any temperature signal from the ongoing absorption of heat. The local geography also plays a dominating role. The circumpolar current acts as a buffer preventing warm water from the tropics from transporting heat to the South Pole, a buffer that does not exist in the north. You can read some more details about that <a href="https://grist.org/article/aerosols-should-mean-more-warming-in-the-south" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; line-height: inherit; text-decoration-skip-ink: auto; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(7, 96, 126); transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none !important;">here</a>.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; font-family: Merriweather, Georgia, " droid="Droid" serif="serif" cambria="Cambria" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" text-rendering="text-rendering" optimizelegibility="optimizelegibility" color="color" rgb="rgb" background-color="background-color"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Does it “balance out” in the end? Not really. Sea ice in the Arctic is <a href="http://nsidc.org/news/press/2006_seaiceminimum/20061003_pressrelease.html" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; line-height: inherit; text-decoration-skip-ink: auto; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(7, 96, 126); transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none !important;">reaching dramatic record lows</a>. There are other components of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryosphere" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; line-height: inherit; text-decoration-skip-ink: auto; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(7, 96, 126); transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none !important;">cryosphere</a> that we can look at as well, <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/channel/earth/mg18725124.500" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; line-height: inherit; text-decoration-skip-ink: auto; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(7, 96, 126); transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none !important;">permafrost</a>, the <a href="http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/10/061019162746.htm" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; line-height: inherit; text-decoration-skip-ink: auto; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(7, 96, 126); transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none !important;">Greenland ice sheet</a>, <a href="http://nsidc.org/sotc/glacier_balance.html" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; line-height: inherit; text-decoration-skip-ink: auto; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(7, 96, 126); transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none !important;">global glacier mass</a>, and these all carry the Global Warming signal.</font></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; font-family: Merriweather, Georgia, " droid="Droid" serif="serif" cambria="Cambria" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" px="px" line-height="line-height" text-rendering="text-rendering" optimizelegibility="optimizelegibility" color="color" rgb="rgb" background-color="background-color"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">One must look at the balance of evidence, not just those bits one likes. And this balance is clearly in agreement with <a href="https://grist.org/article/there-is-no-evidence" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; line-height: inherit; text-decoration-skip-ink: auto; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(7, 96, 126); transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out 0s; text-decoration-line: none !important;">all other indicators</a> that warming is real and rapid.</font></p></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">gore IT predicts ice free summers, no time frame]]</font></div><div><h1 class="widgetheadline h1" style="margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; cursor: pointer; overflow-wrap: break-word; line-height: 22px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a class="widgetheadline-text custom-post-headline" href="https://www.ecowatch.com/arctic-sea-ice-melt-2035-2646947902.html" aria-label="Arctic Sea Ice Melting by 2035 Is Possible, Study Finds" style="text-decoration-line: none; word-break: break-word; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; line-height: 1.2;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Arctic Sea Ice Melting by 2035 Is Possible, Study Finds</font></a></h1></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><div class="widget__brief"><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 10px 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Alex Kirby</font></p><p style="margin: 10px 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The temperature of the Arctic matters to the entire world: it helps to keep the global climate fairly cool. Scientists now say that by 2035 there could be an end to Arctic sea ice.</font></p></div><div class="content-container"><div class=" rebellt-item is--desktop col1" id="rebelltitem1" data-id="1" data-is-image="False" data-href="https://www.ecowatch.com/arctic-sea-ice-melt-2035-2646947902.html?rebelltitem=1#rebelltitem1" data-published-at="1597153527" data-basename="particle-1" data-post-id="2646947902"><p style="margin: 10px 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">The northern polar ocean's sea ice is a crucial element in the Earth system: because it is highly reflective, it sends solar radiation back out into space. Once it's melted, there's no longer any protection for the darker water and rock beneath, and nothing to prevent them absorbing the incoming heat.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 10px 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">High temperatures in the Arctic during the last <a href="https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/abrupt-climate-change/Glacial-Interglacial%20Cycles" target="blank" style="text-decoration-color: rgb(82, 149, 70); overflow-wrap: break-word;">interglacial – the warm period around 127,000 years ago</a> – have puzzled scientists for decades.</font></p><p style="margin: 10px 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Now the <a href="https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/climate-change/organisations-and-reports/met-office-hadley-centre/index" target="blank" style="text-decoration-color: rgb(82, 149, 70); overflow-wrap: break-word;">UK Met Office's Hadley Centre</a> climate model has enabled an international research team to compare Arctic sea ice conditions during the last interglacial with the present day. Their findings are important for improving predictions of future sea ice change.</font></p></div><div class=" rebellt-item is--desktop col1" id="rebelltitem2" data-id="2" data-is-image="False" data-href="https://www.ecowatch.com/arctic-sea-ice-melt-2035-2646947902.html?rebelltitem=2#rebelltitem2" data-published-at="1597153527" data-basename="particle-2" data-post-id="2646947902"><p style="margin: 10px 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">What is striking about the latest research is the date it <b>suggests for a possible total melt − 2035. </b>Many studies <a href="https://climatenewsnetwork.net/arctic-ocean-ice-free-mid-century/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-color: rgb(82, 149, 70); overflow-wrap: break-word;">have thought a mid-century crisis likely</a>, with another even <a href="https://phys.org/news/2019-11-arctic-ocean-ice-free-year.html" target="blank" style="text-decoration-color: rgb(82, 149, 70); overflow-wrap: break-word;">carefully specifying 2044 as the year to watch</a>. So a breathing space of only 15 years may surprise some experts.</font></p><p style="margin: 10px 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">During spring and early summer shallow pools of water form on the surface of the Arctic sea ice. These "melt ponds" help to determine how much sunlight is absorbed by the ice and how much is reflected back into space. The new Hadley Centre model is the UK's most advanced physical representation of the Earth's climate and a critical tool for climate research, and it incorporates sea ice and melt ponds.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 10px 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The researchers report their findings in the journal <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-020-0865-2" target="blank" style="text-decoration-color: rgb(82, 149, 70); overflow-wrap: break-word;">Nature Climate Change</a>. Using the model to look at Arctic sea ice during the last interglacial, they concluded that the impact of intense springtime sunshine created many melt ponds, which played a crucial role in sea ice melt. A simulation of the future using the same model indicates that the Arctic may become sea ice-free by 2035.</font></p></div><div class=" rebellt-item is--desktop col1" id="rebelltitem3" data-id="3" data-is-image="False" data-href="https://www.ecowatch.com/arctic-sea-ice-melt-2035-2646947902.html?rebelltitem=3#rebelltitem3" data-published-at="1597153527" data-basename="particle-3" data-post-id="2646947902" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="margin: 10px 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The joint lead author of the team is <a href="https://www.bas.ac.uk/profile/marino/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-color: rgb(82, 149, 70); overflow-wrap: break-word;">Dr Maria Vittoria Guarino, an earth system modeller at the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) in Cambridge</a>. She says: "High temperatures in the Arctic have puzzled scientists for decades. Unravelling this mystery was technically and scientifically challenging. For the first time, we can begin to see how the Arctic became sea ice-free during the last interglacial.</font></p><p style="margin: 10px 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">"The advances made in climate modeling mean that we can create a more accurate simulation of the Earth's past climate which, in turn, gives us greater confidence in model predictions for the future."</font></p><p style="margin: 10px 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.bas.ac.uk/profile/lsim/" target="blank" style="text-decoration-color: rgb(82, 149, 70); overflow-wrap: break-word;">Dr. Louise Sime, the group head of the palaeoclimate group and joint lead author at BAS</a>, says, "We know the Arctic is undergoing significant changes as our planet warms. By understanding what happened during Earth's last warm period we are in a better position to understand what will happen in the future.</font></p></div><div class=" rebellt-item is--desktop col1" id="rebelltitem4" data-id="4" data-is-image="False" data-href="https://www.ecowatch.com/arctic-sea-ice-melt-2035-2646947902.html?rebelltitem=4#rebelltitem4" data-published-at="1597153527" data-basename="melt-ponds-crucial" data-post-id="2646947902"><h3 data-role="headline" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Melt Ponds Crucial</font></h3><p style="margin: 10px 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 204, 102);">"The prospect of loss of sea ice by 2035 should really be focusing all our minds on achieving a low-carbon world as soon as humanly feasible."</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 10px 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="http://www.reading.ac.uk/search/search-staff-details.aspx?id=10813" target="blank" style="text-decoration-color: rgb(82, 149, 70); overflow-wrap: break-word;">Dr. David Schroeder from the University of Reading</a>, UK, who co-led the implementation of the melt pond scheme in the climate model, says, "This shows just how important sea ice processes like melt ponds are in the Arctic, and why it is crucial that they are incorporated into climate models."</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 10px 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The extent of the areas <a href="https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/characteristics/formation.html" target="_blank" style="text-decoration-color: rgb(82, 149, 70); overflow-wrap: break-word;">sea ice</a> covers varies between summer and winter. If more solar energy is absorbed at the surface, and temperatures rise further, a cycle of warming and melting occurs during summer months.</font></p><p style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 10px 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">When the ice forms, the ocean water beneath becomes saltier and denser than the surrounding ocean. Saltier water sinks and moves along the ocean bottom towards the equator, while warm water from mid-depths to the surface travels from the equator towards the poles.</font></p><p style="margin: 10px 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 204, 102);">Scientists refer to this process as the ocean's global "conveyor-belt." Changes to the volume of sea ice can disrupt normal ocean circulation, with consequences for global climate.</font></p></div></div></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"></font></div></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">no grafs lnx maps</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></div><div>
</div><div><a href="https://www.climate.gov/news-features/features/despite-antarctic-gains-global-sea-ice-shrinking">https://www.climate.gov/news-features/features/despite-antarctic-gains-global-sea-ice-shrinking</a></div><div>
</div><div><b>Despite Antarctic Gains, Global Sea Ice Is Shrinking</b></div><div>Author: Maria-Jose ViñasMike Carlowicz</div><div><b>March 5, 2019</b></div><div>
</div><div>Editor's note: Climate.gov reached out to NASA's Claire Parkinson in March 2019 for an update on this analysis. Here's what she had to say: </div><div>
</div><div>Global sea ice coverage has continued its overall downward trend since the results described earlier through 2015. The global results combine (1) continued decreases in Arctic sea ice coverage and (2) new decreases in Antarctic sea ice coverage. The new decreases in the Antarctic reverse what had been an overall upward trend in Antarctic sea ice, from 1979 through 2014, to such an extent that, on an annual average basis, the Antarctic sea ice coverage descended to its lowest value in the satellite record in 2017, before rebounding slightly in 2018. This, along with low values in Arctic sea ice coverage, led to the yearly average global sea ice coverage also reaching its lowest value in 2017, with a slight 2018 rebound.</div><div>
</div><div>
</div><div>Claire Parkinson has been studying polar sea ice for about four decades. She has been speaking to public audiences for nearly as long. And it was those public audiences who provoked one of the NASA climatologist’s latest research projects.</div><div>
</div><div><b>“When I give public lectures or talk with people interested in the topic of polar ice, somebody will often say something like: ‘Well, the ice is decreasing in the Arctic but it’s increasing in the Antarctic, so don’t they cancel out?’” said Parkinson. “The answer is no, they don’t cancel out.”</b></div><div>
</div><div><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">In the past decade, sea ice around the Arctic Ocean has reached record lows several times, while the extent of ice around Antarctica has reached new highs. This has led to public misconceptions about climate change and the ice around Earth’s poles. Parkinson’s instincts and scientific experience told her that growth in one place does not necessarily offset losses in the other. But instincts are not enough. She dug into the data.</span></div><div>
</div><div>Global sea ice extent monthly trends</div><div>
</div><div>The line graphs above plot the monthly deviations and overall trends in polar sea ice from 1979 to 2013 as measured by satellites. The top line shows the Arctic, the middle shows Antarctica, and the third line shows the global, combined total. The sparklines at the bottom of the graphs show each year separately, enabling month-to-month comparisons across each year. The thickness of each sparkline indicates the overall growth or loss in sea ice globally. The thinning of the sparklines is indicative of the downward trend in total polar sea ice. Graphs by Josh Stevens, NASA Earth Observatory.</div><div>
</div><div>Examining 35 years of sea ice data, Parkinson has shown that increases around Antarctica do not make up for the accelerated Arctic sea ice loss of the last decades. Earth has been shedding sea ice at an average annual rate of 35,000 square kilometers (13,500 square miles) since 1979—the equivalent of losing an area of sea ice larger than the state of Maryland every year.</div><div>
</div><div><b>“Even though Antarctic sea ice reached a new record maximum in September 2014, global sea ice is still decreasing,” said Parkinson, who is based at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center. “That’s because the decreases in Arctic sea ice far exceed the increases in Antarctic sea ice.”</b></div><div>
</div><div>Parkinson analyzed microwave data that were collected by NASA and U.S. Department of Defense satellites from November 1978 to December 2013. She determined the global ice extent for each month (shown above) and found that the global trend was down in all months of the year—even those corresponding to the Arctic and Antarctic sea ice maxima. The findings were published in December 2014 in the Journal of Climate.</div><div>
</div><div><b>Furthermore, the global sea ice loss has accelerated. </b>From 1979 to 1996, the ice loss was 21,500 square kilometers (8,300 square miles) per year. This rate from 1996 to 2013 was 50,000 square kilometers (19,500 square miles) lost per year. Annual losses were larger than the states of Vermont and New Hampshire combined. The maps below show the extent of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice in 1979 and 2013.</div><div>
</div><div>Arctic Sea Ice 1979 to 2013</div><div>Satellite-based maps of annual minimum (top row) and maximum (bottom row) Arctic sea ice concentration in 1979 (left side) and 2013 (right side). Maps by Josh Stevens, NASA Earth Observatory.</div><div>
</div><div><b>Sea ice has diminished in almost all regions of the Arctic, whereas the sea ice increases in the Antarctic are less widespread geographically.</b> Although sea ice cover expanded in most of the Southern Ocean between 1979 and 2013, it decreased substantially in the Bellingshausen and Amundsen seas. These two seas are close to the Antarctic Peninsula, a region that has warmed significantly in recent decades.</div><div>
</div><div>Antarctic Sea Ice 1979 to 2013</div><div>Satellite-based maps of annual minimum (top row) and maximum (bottom row) Antarctic sea ice concentration in 1979 (left side) and 2013 (right side). Maps by Josh Stevens, NASA Earth Observatory.</div><div>
</div><div>Parkinson also found that the annual cycle of global ice extent is more in line with the annual cycle of Antarctic ice than Arctic ice. The global minimum ice extent occurs in February, as does the Antarctic minimum extent. The global maximum sea ice extent occurs in either October or November, one or two months after the Antarctic maximum. This contrasts with the Arctic minimum (September) and maximum (March).</div><div>
</div><div>Averaged over the 35 years of the satellite record, the planet’s monthly ice extents range from a minimum of 18.2 million square kilometers (7.03 million square miles) in February to a maximum of 26.6 million square kilometers (10.27 million square miles) in November.</div><div>
</div><div><b>“One of the reasons people care about sea ice decreases is because sea ice is highly reflective, whereas the liquid ocean is very absorptive,” Parkinson said. When sea ice coverage is reduced, less sunlight is reflected back into space and more is trapped in the atmosphere, ocean, and land.</b></div><div>
</div><div>References and Related Reading</div><div>Parkinson, C.L. (2014) Global Sea Ice Coverage from Satellite Data: Annual Cycle and 35-Yr Trends. Journal of Climate, 27, 9377–9382.</div><div>NASA Earth Observatory (2014, September 24) A Tale of Two Poles.</div><div>NASA Earth Observatory (2014) Antarctic Sea Ice.</div><div>NASA Earth Observatory (2014) Arctic Sea Ice.</div><div>NASA Earth Observatory (2009, April 20) Sea Ice.</div><div>
</div><div>This article is republished from NASA Earth Observatory. Original article by Maria-Jose Viñas and Mike Carlowicz, with images by Joshua Stevens.</div></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">---</font></div><div><a href="https://wattsupwiththat.com/2019/02/24/strong-arctic-sea-ice-growth-this-year/"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">https://<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">wattsupwiththat</span>.com/2019/02/24/strong-arctic-sea-ice-growth-this-year/</font></a></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Strong Arctic sea-ice growth this year</b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Andy May / <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 153, 0);">February 24, 2019</span></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Guest Post by Javier</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">February is not over, and Arctic sea-ice extent is already over half a million square kilometers higher than last year at this day.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">The growing season has not ended, and<b> 2019 Arctic sea-ice extent is already higher than the previous four years and six out of the last 14 years.</b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> </font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Figure 1. Arctic sea-ice extent. Note the left edge of the graph is February 1, not January 1. http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/charctic-interactive-sea-ice-graph/</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Arctic sea-ice has stubbornly resisted the very warm years between 2015-2017 caused by the big El Niño. Are we going to see an increase in Arctic sea-ice over the next few years? Only time will tell, but the idea cannot be discarded.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Antarctic sea-ice is also growing this year with respect to last year, so global sea-ice extent is going to see an important jump this year.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Stay tuned for the March results but the <b>“Arctic melting<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> pause”</span> is alive and kicking 12 years later. It started the year Al Gore said Arctic sea-ice was doomed. Talk about timing.</b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Related</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Arctic Ice Natural Variability</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">October 5, 2017</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In "Arctic"</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Sea Ice 101 – Beware the Ideas of March! (Was the Arctic Maximum “Early” on March 8-9?)</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">March 14, 2015</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In "Arctic"</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Sea Ice News #35 - Less ice, more snow</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">March 3, 2011</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In "Sea Ice News"</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">February 24, 2019 in Climate News.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">no lnx graf</font></div></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">820 srch: arctic sea ice</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">good news all legit 1st page, tho mebbe b/c of headline?</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">2nd suggest 2018</font></div><div><font face="Times New Roman" size="4">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">au<span class="f" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.58;">g 4, 2020 - </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">Arctic sea ice</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">extent continued to track at</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">record</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">low levels through the end of ... 116,000 square kilometers (44,800 square miles) per day,</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">faster</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">than the 1981 ... Including 2020, the linear</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">rate</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">of decline of July sea ice extent is 7.48 percent ...</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">increasing</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">the time-period over which phytoplankton can</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">grow</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span></font></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; width: 600px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 28px;"><div class="rc" data-hveid="CAEQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFSgAMAB6BAgBEAA" style="position: relative;"><div class="s" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); max-width: 48em; line-height: 1.58;"><div class="osl" style="margin-top: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a class="fl" href="http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/2020/01/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/2020/01/&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQ0gIoADAAegQIARAK" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; line-height: 1.58;">January | 2020</a> · <a class="fl" href="https://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/charctic-interactive-sea-ice-graph/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/charctic-interactive-sea-ice-graph/&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQ0gIoATAAegQIARAL" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; line-height: 1.58;">Charctic Interactive Sea Ice ...</a> · <a class="fl" href="http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/2019/01/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/2019/01/&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQ0gIoAjAAegQIARAM" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; line-height: 1.58;">January | 2019</a> · <a class="fl" href="http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/2018/07/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/2018/07/&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQ0gIoAzAAegQIARAN" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; line-height: 1.58;">July | 2018</a></font></div></div><div jscontroller="m6a0l" id="eob_2" jsdata="fxg5tf;;A8UMvI" jsaction="rcuQ6b:npT2md" data-ved="2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQ2Z0BMAB6BAgBEA4" style=""><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; width: 600px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 28px;"><div class="rc" data-hveid="CAIQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFSgAMAF6BAgCEAA" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.58;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/trevornace/2018/12/10/arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-faster-than-before-but-theres-a-catch/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/trevornace/2018/12/10/arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-faster-than-before-but-theres-a-catch/&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFjABegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">
</a></font><h3 class="LC20lb DKV0Md" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 3px; padding: 4px 0px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/trevornace/2018/12/10/arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-faster-than-before-but-theres-a-catch/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/trevornace/2018/12/10/arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-faster-than-before-but-theres-a-catch/&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFjABegQIAhAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Arctic Sea Ice Is Growing Faster Than Before, But There's A ...</a></font></h3><div class="TbwUpd NJjxre" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.58; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px; text-size-adjust: none; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px;"><cite class="iUh30 bc tjvcx" style="font-style: normal; padding-top: 1px; line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">www</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">.forbes.</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">com</span><span class="eipWBe" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> › sites › trevornace › 2018/12/10 › ar...</span></font></cite></div><div class="B6fmyf" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); 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cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></li></ol></div></div></div></div><div class="s" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); max-width: 48em; line-height: 1.58;"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:05k42H_kH9EJ:https://www.forbes.com/sites/trevornace/2018/12/10/arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-faster-than-before-but-theres-a-catch/+&cd=2&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:05k42H_kH9EJ:https://www.forbes.com/sites/trevornace/2018/12/10/arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-faster-than-before-but-theres-a-catch/%2B%26cd%3D2%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQIDABegQIAhAG" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.58; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="f" style="line-height: 1.58;">Dec 10, 2018 - </span><span style="font-weight: bold;">Arctic Sea Ice</span> Is <span style="font-weight: bold;">Growing Faster</span> Than Before, But There's A Catch. A recent study by NASA found that <span style="font-weight: bold;">sea ice</span> is <span style="font-weight: bold;">growing faster</span> during the winter months today than it did decades ago. This increased <span style="font-weight: bold;">growth</span> of <span style="font-weight: bold;">sea ice</span> has helped to slow down the overall reduction in <span style="font-weight: bold;">Arctic sea ice</span> and delayed an <span style="font-weight: bold;">ice</span>-free <span style="font-weight: bold;">Arctic</span>.</font></span></a></div></div></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:05k42H_kH9EJ:https://www.forbes.com/sites/trevornace/2018/12/10/arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-faster-than-before-but-theres-a-catch/+&cd=2&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:05k42H_kH9EJ:https://www.forbes.com/sites/trevornace/2018/12/10/arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-faster-than-before-but-theres-a-catch/%2B%26cd%3D2%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQIDABegQIAhAG" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4" color="#000000">...</font></a></div><div style=""><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; width: 600px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 28px;"><div class="rc" data-hveid="CAMQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFSgAMAp6BAgDEAA" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px; line-height: 1.58;"><h3 class="LC20lb DKV0Md" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 3px; padding: 4px 0px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></font></font></font></font></h3></div><div class="r" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px; line-height: 1.58;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://electroverse.net/official-data-reveals-arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-again/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://electroverse.net/official-data-reveals-arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-again/&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFjAKegQIAxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /></font><h3 class="LC20lb DKV0Md" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 3px; padding: 4px 0px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.3;"><a href="https://electroverse.net/official-data-reveals-arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-again/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://electroverse.net/official-data-reveals-arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-again/&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFjAKegQIAxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /></a><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://electroverse.net/official-data-reveals-arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-again/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://electroverse.net/official-data-reveals-arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-again/&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFjAKegQIAxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://electroverse.net/official-data-reveals-arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-again/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://electroverse.net/official-data-reveals-arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-again/&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFjAKegQIAxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://electroverse.net/official-data-reveals-arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-again/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://electroverse.net/official-data-reveals-arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-again/&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFjAKegQIAxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;" /><a href="https://electroverse.net/official-data-reveals-arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-again/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://electroverse.net/official-data-reveals-arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-again/&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFjAKegQIAxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Official Data Reveals Arctic Sea Ice is once again GROWING</a></font></font></font></font></font></font></h3><div class="TbwUpd NJjxre" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.58; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px; text-size-adjust: none; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><cite class="iUh30 bc tjvcx" style="font-style: normal; padding-top: 1px; line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">electroverse.net<span class="eipWBe" style=""> › Extreme Weather</span></font></cite></font></font></div><div class="TbwUpd NJjxre" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.58; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px; text-size-adjust: none; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><cite class="iUh30 bc tjvcx" style="font-style: normal; padding-top: 1px; line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span class="eipWBe" style="">
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border-style: solid; border-width: 5px 4px 0px; width: 0px; height: 0px; margin-left: 3px; top: 7.5px; margin-top: -3px; position: absolute; left: 0px;" /></a><ol class="action-menu-panel" role="menu" tabindex="-1" jsaction="keydown:m.hdke;mouseover:m.hdhne;mouseout:m.hdhue" data-ved="2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQqR8wCnoECAMQBw" style="border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 12px; visibility: hidden; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; z-index: 3; transition: opacity 0.218s ease 0s; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 4px;"><li class="action-menu-item" role="menuitem" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; cursor: pointer; user-select: none;"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:mRDXI7qpGxUJ:https://electroverse.net/official-data-reveals-arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-again/+&cd=11&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:mRDXI7qpGxUJ:https://electroverse.net/official-data-reveals-arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-again/%2B%26cd%3D11%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQIDAKegQIAxAI" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></li></ol></div></div></div></div><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 1.58;"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:mRDXI7qpGxUJ:https://electroverse.net/official-data-reveals-arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-again/+&cd=11&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:mRDXI7qpGxUJ:https://electroverse.net/official-data-reveals-arctic-sea-ice-is-growing-again/%2B%26cd%3D11%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQIDAKegQIAxAI" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.58; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000" style=""><span class="f" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.58;">Jan 29, 2020 - </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">... time in </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">history</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">– magically combined to deliver an unquestionable truth… ... </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">Arctic sea ice</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> extent in January 2020 is sitting ABOVE levels observed in the years 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016, 2015, 2012 (</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">record</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> low extent), 2011, AND 2010. ... </span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">'doom & gloom headlines</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> = highest click-</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold;">rate</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">' (and therefore biggest ...</span></font></span></a></div><div jscontroller="m6a0l" id="eob_6" jsdata="fxg5tf;;A8UMvQ" jsaction="rcuQ6b:npT2md" data-ved="2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQ2Z0BMAp6BAgDEAs" style=""><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; width: 600px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 28px;"><div class="rc" data-hveid="CAQQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFSgAMAt6BAgEEAA" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px; line-height: 1.58;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/sensing-our-planet/unexpected-ice" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/sensing-our-planet/unexpected-ice&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFjALegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">
</a></font><h3 class="LC20lb DKV0Md" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 3px; padding: 4px 0px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/sensing-our-planet/unexpected-ice" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/sensing-our-planet/unexpected-ice&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFjALegQIBBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Unexpected ice | Earthdata</a></font></h3><div class="TbwUpd NJjxre" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.58; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px; text-size-adjust: none; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px;"><cite class="iUh30 bc tjvcx" style="font-style: normal; padding-top: 1px; line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">earthdata.nasa.gov<span class="eipWBe" style=""> › learn › sensing-our-planet › unexp...</span></font></cite></div><div class="B6fmyf" style="position: absolute; top: 0px; height: 0px; visibility: hidden; white-space: nowrap;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /><div class="TbwUpd" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.58; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px; text-size-adjust: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><cite class="iUh30 bc tjvcx" style="font-style: normal; padding-top: 1px; line-height: 1.3;"><span class="eipWBe" style="" /></cite></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></div><div class="eFM0qc" style="display: inline-block; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px; padding-left: 2px; visibility: visible;"><div class="action-menu" style="display: inline; margin: 1px 3px 0px; position: relative; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="GHDvEf" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=arctic+sea+ice+growing+at+fastest+rate+in+recorded+history&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjI1ZPdxpPrAhVDWqwKHdEfC8IQ1QIoAXoECAsQAg&biw=1600&bih=757#" id="am-b11" aria-label="Result Options" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQ7B0wC3oECAQQBA" style="display: inline-block; height: 12px; margin-top: 1px; user-select: none; width: 13px; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><span class="mn-dwn-arw" style="border-color: rgb(112, 117, 122) transparent; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px 4px 0px; width: 0px; height: 0px; margin-left: 3px; top: 7.5px; margin-top: -3px; position: absolute; left: 0px;" /></a><ol class="action-menu-panel" role="menu" tabindex="-1" jsaction="keydown:m.hdke;mouseover:m.hdhne;mouseout:m.hdhue" data-ved="2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQqR8wC3oECAQQBQ" style="border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 12px; visibility: hidden; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; z-index: 3; transition: opacity 0.218s ease 0s; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 4px;"><li class="action-menu-item" role="menuitem" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; cursor: pointer; user-select: none;"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:l-jwgW1Qdm0J:https://earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/sensing-our-planet/unexpected-ice+&cd=12&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:l-jwgW1Qdm0J:https://earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/sensing-our-planet/unexpected-ice%2B%26cd%3D12%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQIDALegQIBBAG" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></li></ol></div></div></div></div><div class="s" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); max-width: 48em; line-height: 1.58;"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:l-jwgW1Qdm0J:https://earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/sensing-our-planet/unexpected-ice+&cd=12&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:l-jwgW1Qdm0J:https://earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/sensing-our-planet/unexpected-ice%2B%26cd%3D12%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQIDALegQIBBAG" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.58; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">To them, <span style="font-weight: bold;">Arctic sea ice</span> is a reliable indicator of a changing global climate. ... <span style="font-weight: bold;">faster</span> than models predicted, and in the Antarctic it has been <span style="font-weight: bold;">growing</span> slightly. ... “<wbr />Changes in climate forcing directly affect the <span style="font-weight: bold;">rate</span> of ice <span style="font-weight: bold;">growth</span>,” he said, “not the<wbr /> ...</font></span></a><div class="dhIWPd f" style="line-height: 1.58;"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:l-jwgW1Qdm0J:https://earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/sensing-our-planet/unexpected-ice+&cd=12&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:l-jwgW1Qdm0J:https://earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/sensing-our-planet/unexpected-ice%2B%26cd%3D12%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQIDALegQIBBAG" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">by N Vizcarra - </font></a><a class="fl" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?biw=1600&bih=757&um=1&ie=UTF-8&lr&q=related:fwqRGiUlS_mBzM:scholar.google.com/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://scholar.google.com/scholar%3Fbiw%3D1600%26bih%3D757%26um%3D1%26ie%3DUTF-8%26lr%26q%3Drelated:fwqRGiUlS_mBzM:scholar.google.com/&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQzwIwC3oECAQQCA" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; line-height: 1.58;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Related articles</font></a></div></div><div jscontroller="m6a0l" id="eob_8" jsdata="fxg5tf;;A8UMvU" jsaction="rcuQ6b:npT2md" data-ved="2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQ2Z0BMAt6BAgEEAk" style=""><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; width: 600px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 28px;"><div class="rc" data-hveid="CAUQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFSgAMAx6BAgFEAA" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px; line-height: 1.58;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://climate.nasa.gov/news/2831/wintertime-arctic-sea-ice-growth-slows-long-term-decline-nasa/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://climate.nasa.gov/news/2831/wintertime-arctic-sea-ice-growth-slows-long-term-decline-nasa/&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFjAMegQIBRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">
</a></font><h3 class="LC20lb DKV0Md" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 3px; padding: 4px 0px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://climate.nasa.gov/news/2831/wintertime-arctic-sea-ice-growth-slows-long-term-decline-nasa/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://climate.nasa.gov/news/2831/wintertime-arctic-sea-ice-growth-slows-long-term-decline-nasa/&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFjAMegQIBRAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Wintertime Arctic sea ice growth slows long-term decline: NASA</a></font></h3><div class="TbwUpd NJjxre" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.58; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px; text-size-adjust: none; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px;"><cite class="iUh30 bc tjvcx" style="font-style: normal; padding-top: 1px; line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">climate.nasa.gov<span class="eipWBe" style=""> › news › wintertime-arctic-sea-ice-gro...</span></font></cite></div><div class="B6fmyf" style="position: absolute; top: 0px; height: 0px; visibility: hidden; white-space: nowrap;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" /><div class="TbwUpd" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.58; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px; text-size-adjust: none;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><cite class="iUh30 bc tjvcx" style="font-style: normal; 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cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></li></ol></div></div></div></div><div class="s" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); max-width: 48em; line-height: 1.58;"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:C-6Uikxp6JAJ:https://climate.nasa.gov/news/2831/wintertime-arctic-sea-ice-growth-slows-long-term-decline-nasa/+&cd=13&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:C-6Uikxp6JAJ:https://climate.nasa.gov/news/2831/wintertime-arctic-sea-ice-growth-slows-long-term-decline-nasa/%2B%26cd%3D13%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQIDAMegQIBRAG" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.58; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="f" style="line-height: 1.58;">Dec 6, 2018 - </span>But at the same time that <span style="font-weight: bold;">sea ice</span> is vanishing quicker than it has ever been observed in the satellite <span style="font-weight: bold;">record</span>, it is also thickening at a <span style="font-weight: bold;">faster rate</span> ...</font></span></a></div><div jscontroller="m6a0l" id="eob_10" jsdata="fxg5tf;;A8UMvY" jsaction="rcuQ6b:npT2md" data-ved="2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQ2Z0BMAx6BAgFEAg" style=""><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:C-6Uikxp6JAJ:https://climate.nasa.gov/news/2831/wintertime-arctic-sea-ice-growth-slows-long-term-decline-nasa/+&cd=13&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:C-6Uikxp6JAJ:https://climate.nasa.gov/news/2831/wintertime-arctic-sea-ice-growth-slows-long-term-decline-nasa/%2B%26cd%3D13%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQIDAMegQIBRAG" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); 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</a></font></font></font><h3 class="LC20lb DKV0Md" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 3px; padding: 4px 0px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.iceagenow.com/Arctic_Sea_Ice_Growing_at_Fastest_Rate_in_Recorded_History.htm" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.iceagenow.com/Arctic_Sea_Ice_Growing_at_Fastest_Rate_in_Recorded_History.htm&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFjAOegQIBxAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Arctic Sea Ice Growing at Fastest Rate in Recorded History</a></font></font></font></h3><div class="TbwUpd NJjxre" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.58; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px; text-size-adjust: none; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px;"><cite class="iUh30 bc tjvcx" style="font-style: normal; padding-top: 1px; line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">www<b>.iceagenow.</b>com<span class="eipWBe" style=""> › Arctic_Sea_Ice_Growing_at_Fa...</span></font></cite></div><div class="B6fmyf" style="position: absolute; 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The total amount of ...</font></span></a></font></font></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; width: 600px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 28px;"><div class="rc" data-hveid="CAgQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFSgAMA96BAgIEAA" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.58;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2016/10/07/experts-said-arctic-sea-ice-would-melt-entirely-by-september-201/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2016/10/07/experts-said-arctic-sea-ice-would-melt-entirely-by-september-201/&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFjAPegQICBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">
</a></font></font></font><h3 class="LC20lb DKV0Md" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 3px; padding: 4px 0px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><a href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2016/10/07/experts-said-arctic-sea-ice-would-melt-entirely-by-september-201/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2016/10/07/experts-said-arctic-sea-ice-would-melt-entirely-by-september-201/&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFjAPegQICBAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Experts said Arctic sea ice would melt entirely by September ...</a></font></font></font></h3><div class="TbwUpd NJjxre" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.58; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px; text-size-adjust: none; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px;"><cite class="iUh30 bc tjvcx" style="font-style: normal; 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cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></li></ol></div></div></div></div><div class="s" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); max-width: 48em; line-height: 1.58;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:AvPVh0195B8J:https://greatwhitecon.info/blog/+&cd=17&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search%3Fq%3Dcache:AvPVh0195B8J:https://greatwhitecon.info/blog/%2B%26cd%3D17%26hl%3Den%26ct%3Dclnk%26gl%3Dus&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQIDAQegQICRAG" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.58; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">Here too is the effect of the cyclone on the trajectory of the JAXA <span style="font-weight: bold;">Arctic sea ice</span> ... The cyclone has obviously resulted in a reduction in the <span style="font-weight: bold;">rate</span> of extent decline, but take ... This month including a visualisation of the <span style="font-weight: bold;">increasing</span> negative anomaly:.</font></span></a></font></font></div><div jscontroller="m6a0l" id="eob_17" jsdata="fxg5tf;;A8UMvk" jsaction="rcuQ6b:npT2md" data-ved="2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQ2Z0BMBB6BAgJEAc" style=""><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; width: 600px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 28px;"><div class="rc" data-hveid="CAoQAA" data-ved="2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFSgAMBF6BAgKEAA" style="position: relative;"><div class="r" style="margin: 0px; line-height: 1.58;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.climate.gov/news-features/features/despite-antarctic-gains-global-sea-ice-shrinking" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/features/despite-antarctic-gains-global-sea-ice-shrinking&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFjARegQIChAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">
</a></font></font></font><h3 class="LC20lb DKV0Md" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 3px; padding: 4px 0px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 1.3;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style=""><a href="https://www.climate.gov/news-features/features/despite-antarctic-gains-global-sea-ice-shrinking" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/features/despite-antarctic-gains-global-sea-ice-shrinking&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQFjARegQIChAB" style="cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Despite Antarctic Gains, Global Sea Ice Is Shrinking |</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);"> NOAA ...</span></a></font></font></font></h3><div class="TbwUpd NJjxre" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline-block; line-height: 1.58; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 1px; 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cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><span class="st" style="line-height: 1.58; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span class="f" style="line-height: 1.58;">Mar 5, 2019 - </span>The global results combine (1) continued decreases in <span style="font-weight: bold;">Arctic sea ice</span> ... sea ice coverage descended to its lowest value in the satellite <span style="font-weight: bold;">record</span> in ... the ice is decreasing in the Arctic but it's <span style="font-weight: bold;">increasing</span> in the Antarctic, so don't they cancel out<wbr />? ... Earth has been shedding sea ice at an average annual <span style="font-weight: bold;">rate</span> of ...</font></span></a></font></font></div></div></div></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?biw=1600&bih=757&q=related:https://www.climate.gov/news-features/features/despite-antarctic-gains-global-sea-ice-shrinking+arctic+sea+ice+growing+at+fastest+rate+in+recorded+history&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiWhdWpx5PrAhUCbKwKHQZPCzsQHzARegQIChAH" style="text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="4" color="#000000">
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