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Acxiom data broker

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see data harvest sell

SEE IRATE GGL UCSC IRATE_02_04_13.pdf

Sorrell v. IMS Health Inc., 564 U.S. ___ (2011)

In Sorrell, the U.S. Supreme Court invalidated Vermont’s Prescription Confidentiality Law,

ruling that it violated the First Amendment free speech rights of the Association of

Pharmaceutical Manufacturers.

Issue: Can a state prohibit the nonconsensual sale of doctors’ prescribing information

contained in nonpublic prescription drug records, or is such a restriction an improper

infringement on the free speech of pharmaceutical companies?

Rule: Speech in aid of pharmaceutical marketing is a form of expression protected by the Free

Speech Clause of the First Amendment.

Application: Background: Pharmaceutical manufacturers promote their drugs to doctors

through a process called "detailing." This often involves a scheduled visit to a doctor's office to

persuade the doctor to prescribe a particular pharmaceutical. Detailers bring drug samples as

well as medical studies explaining the "details" and potential advantages of the particular

drugs. Knowledge of a physician's prescription practices—called "prescriber-identifying

information"—enables a detailer to better ascertain which doctors are likely to be interested in

a particular drug and how to best present a particular sales message.

Facts of the Case: In 2007, Vermont enacted the Prescription Confidentiality Law, which

prohibited pharmacies, health insurers, and similar entities from selling records containing

prescriber-identifying information to be used for marketing pharmaceuticals absent the

prescriber's consent. State Attorney General William H. Sorrell was sued by three Vermont

data-miners, and an association of pharmaceutical manufacturers that produce brand-name

drugs, claiming that their First Amendment rights to free speech were being violated. The

Supreme Court agreed.

The court's reasoning and ruling: Vermont has imposed a restriction on access to information

in private hands. “An individual's right to speak is implicated when information he or she

possesses is subjected to 'restraints on the way in which the information might be used' or

disseminated.” This violates the pharmaceutical manufacturers' First Amendment rights

because the law forbade the use of this information for marketing purposes. Vermont's law

violates content and speaker-based neutrality of free speech in regulating the drug companies'

“speech,” which is actually access to information. This requires heightened judicial scrutiny.

Transformation: Because the drug retailers are required by law to keep records of

prescription sales, physicians' prescription histories are essentially open to data-miners and

pharmaceutical manufacturers, who then use this information to target physicians, often with

high-pressure sales tactics, to convince them to prescribe their expensive brand-name drugs

rather than less expensive, bio-equivalent generic, alternatives.

Effect: Physicians' prescription histories can be sold to data-miners for the purpose of

marketing.

Fictional Representational Story: I am a Vermont State legislator who has been fighting to

protect medical privacy, including physician confidentiality; avoidance of harassment by

pharmaceutical companies; and the integrity of the doctor-patient relationship. Our law was

intended to improve public health and reduce healthcare costs by preventing pharmaceutical

companies from doing such targeted selling of their drugs. This regulation has been ruled

unlawful by the U.S. Supreme Court. We contend that prescription histories are not a

commodity to be bought and sold by pharmaceutical companies. We contend that our law

regulates, not speech, but simply access to, information. Without this law, we cannot stop the

sale of doctors' prescription records to drug manufacturers who use this information for their

own gain.

Written by: Anne Pflager Disclaimer: For educational purpose only

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an 2 24

Sen. Ron Wyden and privacy rights advocates this week are sounding the alarm about an anti-abortion group using cellphone location data to send misinformation to people who visited hundreds of Planned Parenthood clinics across the country.

"If a data broker could track Americans' cellphones to help extremists target misinformation to people at hundreds of Planned Parenthood locations across the United States, a right-wing prosecutor could use that same information to put women in jail," Wyden (D-Ore.) said in a statement Tuesday.

"Federal watchdogs should hold the data broker accountable for abusing Americans' private information," he added. "And Congress needs to step up as soon as possible to ensure extremist politicians can't buy this kind of sensitive data without a warrant."

"That data brokers can track people visiting Planned Parenthood is terrifying enough. That law enforcement agencies can simply buy this type of sensitive data—rather than getting a warrant—is even worse."

Since the right-wing U.S. Supreme Court reversedRoe v. Wade with its June 2022 decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, anti-choice state policymakers have ramped up attacks on abortion rights, elevating concerns about patient privacy.

Wyden explained in a Tuesday letter that his office launched an investigation after The Wall Street Journalreported last May that the Veritas Society, a nonprofit established by Wisconsin Right to Life, hired the advertising agency Recrue Media for an anti-abortion ad campaign targeting clinic visitors, whose locations were tracked by the data broker Near Intelligence.

As Wyden wrote to Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Chair Lina Khan and U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Chair Gary Gensler:

My staff spoke with Steven Bogue, the co-founder and managing principal of Recrue Media on May 19, 2023, who revealed that to target these ads, his employees used Near's website to draw a line around the building and parking lot of each targeted facility. On May 26, 2023, my staff spoke with Near's chief privacy officer, Jay Angelo, who confirmed that, until the summer of 2022, the company did not have any technical controls in place to prevent its customers targeting people who visited sensitive facilities, such as reproductive health clinics. On a webpage that has since been taken down, but was saved by the Internet Archive, the Veritas Society stated that in 2020 in Wisconsin alone, it delivered 14.3 million ads to people who visited abortion clinics, and "served ads to those devices across the women's social pages, Facebook, Instagram, and Snapchat." The scale of this invasive surveillance-enabled ad campaign remains unknown, however, Mr. Bogue told my staff that the company used Near to target ads to people who had visited 600 Planned Parenthood locations in the lower 48 states.

Justin Sherman, who studies data brokers at Duke University, toldPolitico that "this is the largest targeting campaign we've seen to date against reproductive health clinics based on brokered data."

In case you missed this yesterday, I discovered that data brokers are helping anti-abortion extremists exploit location data to target patients. The prospect of how red-state prosecutors could abuse this information should terrify every single American with a smartphone.

— (@)

Wyden also highlighted Journalreporting from October about Near selling location data to defense contractors that resold it to U.S. Defense Department and intelligence agencies. He wrote that Angelo, the privacy officer, "confirmed that the company had for three years sold location data to the defense contractor AELIUS Exploitation Technologies."

"Mr. Angelo revealed that after joining Near in June of 2022, he conducted a review of the company's practices and discovered that the company was facilitating the sale of location data to the U.S. government that had been obtained without user consent," the senator continued, noting the removal of "misleading statements" from Near's website.

"The former executives that led Near during the period in which it engaged in these egregious violations of Americans' privacy are now under criminal investigation, according to a statement made by the company's lawyer during a December 11, 2023, bankruptcy hearing. But prosecuting those individuals for engaging in financial fraud will not address Near's corporate abuses," Wyden argued, urging the FTC and SEC to take various actions over the company's "outrageous conduct" that "recklessly harmed the public and investors."

Wyden's letter comes as the Republican-controlled U.S. House plans to take up the Reforming Intelligence and Securing America Act, which would reform Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA), spying powers temporarily extended late last year that agencies—especially the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)—have abused.

Section 702 only allows warrantless surveillance targeting foreigners located outside the United States, but Americans' data is also swept up, and privacy advocates within and outside of Congress—including Wyden—have long been pushing for warrant protections, a key issue in this week's debates about the Republican-led reform bill.

A shocking invasion of privacy that lays bare just how far forced-birth extremists will go to track, monitor, intimidate & scare women.\n\nI am deeply concerned with how this data could be used by states that criminalize abortion. This must be investigated. \nhttps://t.co/TO0Y2QMgx4

— (@)

Responding to Wyden's letter, Rep. Zoe Lofgren (D-Calif.) said Wednesday that "this is outrageous. Americans' most personal private health data is being bought and sold for politics. Major surveillance changes are needed. i.e. If Congress acts, reforms from our Fourth Amendment Is Not For Sale Act must be part of a FISA reform."

Reintroduced by Lofgren, Wyden, and a bipartisan coalition of lawmakers last July, that bill would require the U.S. government to get a court order compelling data brokers to disclose information as well as bar law enforcement and intelligence agencies from buying data on people in the U.S. and Americans abroad if it was obtained from a user's account or device, or deceptive practices.

Privacy rights campaigners and experts also responded to Wyden's letter with renewed calls for closing the data broker loophole.

"That data brokers can track people visiting Planned Parenthood is terrifying enough. That law enforcement agencies can simply buy this type of sensitive data—rather than getting a warrant—is even worse," said Ashley Gorski, senior staff attorney at the ACLU's National Security Project. "This Thursday, Congress must vote to close the loophole for law enforcement purchases from data brokers. The government shouldn't be able to buy its way around the Fourth Amendment."

The organizations Demand Progress and EPIC concurred in social media posts sharing Politico's reporting on the letter.

"The continued sale of our most sensitive information to and by shady data brokers not only fuels harmful surveillance advertising systems, but enables government agencies—from local police departments to state attorneys general to the FBI—to sidestep the Fourth Amendment," said EPIC counsel Sara Geoghegan in a statement. "We urgently need to rein in data brokers and enact comprehensive privacy rules to protect us from these grave harms in the post-Roe era we live in."

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Acxiom Corporation is a marketing technology and services company with offices in the United States, Europe, Asia, and South America. Acxiom offers marketing and information management services, including multichannel marketing, addressable advertising, and database management. Acxiom collects, analyzes, and parses customer and business information for clients, helping them to target advertising campaigns, score leads, and more.[1]

Its client base in the United States consists primarily of companies in the financial services, insurance, information services, direct marketing, media, retail, consumer packaged goods, technology, automotive, healthcare, travel, and telecommunications industries, and the government sector.[2]

It has been described as "one of the biggest companies you've never heard of."[3] In addition to collecting information about people, the company helps marketers anticipate the needs of consumers, according to the documentary "The Persuaders." As the world's largest processor of consumer data,[4] Acxiom has identified 70 types of consumers with its segmentation product PersonicX.

Forrester Research named Acxiom one of the largest database marketing services and technology providers in the world and stated that the company “demonstrated surprising nimbleness in modernizing its offering and arguably leads the industry with its digital solutions” in their January 2011 report “The Forrester Wave™: US Database Marketing Service Providers, Q1 2011." [5]

Acxiom is a $1.15 billion-a-year company, representing more than 12 percent of the direct-marketing-services sector’s $11 billion in estimated annual sales.

The company is the subject of the Vienna Teng song "The Hymn of Acxiom" from her 2013 album Aims.

Acxiom Building in downtown Little Rock, Arkansas, 2007

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History:{:(style="margin-right:0px;color:#555555;;margin-left:0px"):}:[edit:{]}:

Founded as Demographics in 1969 by Charles D. Ward in Conway, Arkansas, Acxiom is headquartered in Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.[6]

The company has additional U.S. offices in Chicago, Illinois; New York, New York; Foster City, California; and Nashville, Tennessee. International offices are located in the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Netherlands, Poland, Australia, China, and Brazil. Services are available to companies in other countries.

In November 1997, Acxiom completed the acquisition of Buckley Dement, L.P.. [7]

In May 1998, Acxiom made the announcement that it would acquire one of its competitors, May & Speh. [8]

In early 2004, Acxiom acquired part of Claritas, a European data provider.[9]

In 2005, Acxiom acquired Digital Impact and integrated its digital and online services into its business.

In early 2006, EMC Corporation acquired Acxiom’s information grid software in a $30 million deal.[10]

On May 16, 2007, Acxiom agreed to be bought by leading investment firms Silver Lake Partners and ValueAct Capital in an all-cash deal valued at $3 billion, including the assumption of about $756 million of debt.[11] On October 1, 2007, however, a press release announced that the takeover agreement was to be terminated and Charles Morgan would retire as Acxiom’s company leader upon the selection of a successor.

On January 17, 2008, Acxiom named John Meyer (from Alcatel-Lucent) as new CEO and president, effective February 4, 2008.[12]

On July 11, 2008,Acxiom acquired **ChoicePoint**'s database marketing solutions division,adding seven clients from industries including banking, insurance, and media.[13]

On October 9, 2008, Acxiom announced it had entered into a contract with XSellNet[1] to deliver and manage the distribution of real-time customer data and analytics to the retail auto dealer industry throughout the United States. The collaboration is co-branded as X12 powered by Acxiom.

In 2010, Acxiom acquired part of GoDigital, a Brazilian direct marketing and data quality company.

On March 30, 2011, Acxiom named Jerry Gramaglia as interim CEO.[14]

On July 27, 2011, Acxiom named marketing and advertising veteran, Scott E. Howe, as the company’s chief executive officer and president.[15]

On January 11, 2012, Acxiom named Warren C. Jenson as the company’s chief financial officer and executive vice president. [16]

In February 2012, Acxiom announced the closing of the sale of its background screening business, Acxiom Information Security Services (AISS).[2]

On April 19, 2012, Acxiom announced Dr. Phil Mui as the company's new chief product and engineering officer. Prior to joining Acxiom, Mui was the group product manager for Google Analytics. [17]

Controversy:{:(style="margin-right:0px;color:#555555;;margin-left:0px"):}:[edit:{]}:

In 2003, the Electronic Privacy Information Center filed a complaint before the Federal Trade Commission against Acxiom and JetBlue Airways, alleging the companies provided consumer information to Torch Concepts, a company hired by the United States Army "to determine how information from public and private records might be analyzed to help defend military bases from attack by terrorists and other adversaries."[18]

According to the complaint, Acxiom's activities constituted unfair and deceptive trade practices, as "Acxiom has publicly represented its belief that individuals should have notice about how information about them is used and have choices about that dissemination, and has stated that it does not permit clients to make non-public information available to individuals," yet Acxiom proceeded to sell information to Torch Concepts without obtaining consent, an ability to opt-out, or furnishing notice to the affected consumers.

The FTC took no action against Acxiom, which had responded that it had followed its privacy principles and was not deceptive in its business practices. "Torch Concepts was acting under contract to the Department of Defense in their efforts to research ways to improve military base security," a company spokesman said. "Our policy clearly states that we 'provide information products which include financial information, Social Security number and other related information where permitted by law,' and that this information is 'provided to government agencies for the purposes of verifying information, employment screening and assisting law enforcement.'"[19]

Acxiom has a history of making it difficult for consumers to remove themselves from Acxiom's marketing lists.[20]

In 2005 Acxiom was a nominee for the Big Brother Awards for Worst Corporate Invader for a tradition of data brokering.[21]

In 2013 Acxiom was among nine companies that the Federal Trade Commission is investigating to see how they collect and use consumer data.[22]

Security:{:(style="margin-right:0px;color:#555555;;margin-left:0px"):}:[edit:{]}:

In 2003, more than 1.6 billion customer records were stolen during the transmission of information to and from Acxiom's clients; the information included names, addresses, and e-mail addresses. Prosecutors described the 2006 case against the hacker accused of stealing the data as the "largest ever invasion and theft of personal data" ever tried.[23] The stolen data only came to light during an investigation of a separate data theft incident.[24]

Based on their investigation, prosecutors said there was no risk of identity theft or harm to individuals based on the breaches. They also praised Acxiom for being aggressive in pursuing the hackers and cooperating with authorities. "The positive outcome of this investigation is testament to the strong partnerships we have established with our counterparts at the headquarters and field offices of various organizations, from the FBI and Department of Justice to the Internal Revenue Service and U.S. Attorneys' Office in Little Rock," said K. C. Crowley, Special Agent in Charge of Secret Service's Little Rock Field Office. "Furthermore, I commend Acxiom Corporation for their cooperation and responsible approach to the situation. Acxiom's quick response in contacting federal investigators after determining there had been a network intrusion should serve as a model for others in similar circumstances."[25] The two primary hackers were sentenced to lengthy prison terms.[citation needed]

Notes:{:(style="margin-right:0px;color:#555555;;margin-left:0px"):}:[edit:{]}:

  1. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ / Acxiom Names Scott Howe CEO
  2. ^ :{Jump up to::(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^a b(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acxiom#cite_ref-Acxiom_Corp._2-1) "Acxiom Corp." at NYTimes.com
  3. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ "FRONTLINE's The Persuaders". Corporation for Public Broadcasting. November 9, 2004. Archivedfrom the original on 29 June 2007. Retrieved 2007-08-01. "But where did all this information come from? How did political parties and advocacy groups know whom to reach with what message? The answer to that question begins here. The Acxiom Corporation of Little Rock, Arkansas, is one of the biggest companies you've never heard of."
  4. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ Behar, Richard (February 23, 2004). "Never Heard Of Acxiom? Chances Are It's Heard Of You. How a little-known Little Rock company--the world's largest processor of consumer data--found itself at the center of a very big national security debate". CNN.
  5. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ "Acxiom’s Business Transformation Confirmed by Independent Research Firm’s Evaluation" (Press release). Acxiom Corporation. Jan 13, 2011. Retrieved 2012-08-02.
  6. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ "Acxiom" at fundinguniverse.com
  7. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ "Acxiom(R) Corporation Acquires Buckley Dement, L.P. Acquisition Expands Acxiom's Portfolio to Provide Data and Database Solutions to Health Care and Pharmaceutical Companies". November 3, 1997. Retrieved Jul 31, 2013.
  8. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ "Acxiom to Buy May & Speh for $600 Million". May 28, 1998. Retrieved Jul 25, 2013.
  9. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ "Acxiom Completes the Acquisition of Claritas Europe" (Press release). Acxiom Corporation. January 6, 2004. Retrieved 2007-08-07.
  10. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ "EMC and Acxiom Partner to Accelerate Development and Deployment of Grid-Based Information Infrastructure" (Press release). Acxiom Corporation. January 5, 2006. Retrieved 2007-08-07. "EMC Acquires Information Grid Software from Acxiom"
  11. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ "Acxiom Agrees to Be Acquired by Silver Lake and ValueAct Capital for $3.0 Billion" (Press release). Acxiom Corporation. May 16, 2007. Retrieved 2007-08-01.
  12. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ "Acxiom Names John Meyer as New CEO and President" (Press release). Acxiom Corporation. January 17, 2008. Retrieved 2008-01-17.
  13. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ Chantal Todé. "Acxiom acquires ChoicePoint's database marketing solutions division". Direct Marketing News.
  14. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ "Acxiom Names Jerry Gramaglia as interim CEO" (Press release). Acxiom Corporation. March 30, 2011. Retrieved 2011-03-31.
  15. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ Acxiom Names Former Microsoft Exec Scott Howe As CEO
  16. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ Acxiom Names Former Amazon Exec Warren C. Jenson CFO
  17. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ Googler Phil Mui Joins Acxiom As Chief Product And Engineering Officer
  18. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ EPIC Complaint Against JetBlue Airways and Acxiom Corp. to the Federal Trade Commission
  19. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ Associated Press, "Acxiom denies invading airline passengers' privacy"
  20. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ "Acxiom Opts Out of Opt-Out". Wired. November 17, 2003.
  21. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ PI Announces U.S. Big Brother Awards winners for 2005
  22. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ What You Didn’t Post, Facebook May Still Know 26-03-2013
  23. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ Acxiom database hacker jailed for 8 years | The Register
  24. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ Chats led to Acxiom hacker bust
  25. :{Jump up:(style="top:-99999px;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);overflow:hidden;position:absolute !important;padding:0px !important;border:0px !important;height:1px !important;width:1px !important;-webkit-user-select:none"):}:^ U.S. Secret Service news release, July 21, 2004

References:{:(style="margin-right:0px;color:#555555;;margin-left:0px"):}:[edit:{]}:

This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (August 2011)

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