AMPA receptor
<p>Apr 26, 2012 09:01 PM
receptor for glutamate (it is a non-NMDA receptor)
it mediates the FAST synaptic transmission in the CNS.
it can be activated by the artific. glutamate analog AMPA.
discov in 1982.
AMPARs are found in many parts of the <a title="Brain" href="wiki/Brain">brain</a> and are <strong>the most commonly found receptor</strong> in the <a title="Nervous system" href="wiki/Nervous_system">nervous system</a>. The AMPA receptor GluA2 (GluR2) tetramer was the <strong>first and currently only glutamate receptor ion channel to be crystallize</strong>d...
a tetramer... see pic.
<strong>.</strong>
<a title="Phosphorylation" href="wiki/Phosphorylation"><strong>Phosphorylation</strong></a><strong> of AMPARs can regulate channel localization, conductance, and open probabilit</strong>y.
GluR1 has four known phosphorylation sites at <a title="Serine" href="wiki/Serine">serine</a> 818 (S818), S831, <a title="Threonine" href="wiki/Threonine">threonine</a> 840, and S845 (other subunits have similar phosphorylation sites, but GluR1 has been the most extensively studied).<strong> S818 is phosphorylated by </strong><a title="Protein kinase C" href="wiki/Protein_kinase_C"><strong>protein kinase C</strong></a><strong>, and is necessary for </strong><a title="Long-term potentiation" href="wiki/Long-term_potentiation"><strong>long-term potentiation</strong></a><strong> (LTP; </strong>for GluR1's role in LTP, see below).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[10<strong>]</strong></a></sup><strong> S831 is phosphorylated by CaMKII and PKC during LTP, w</strong>hich helps deliver GluR1-containing AMPAR to the <a title="Synapse" href="wiki/Synapse">synapse</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Hayashi_et_al_2000_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayashi_et_al_2000-10">[11]</a></sup> and increases their single channel conductance.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[12]</a></sup> The T840 site was more recently discovered, and has been implicated in LTD.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[13]</a></sup> Finally, <strong>S845 is phosphorylated by PKA which regulates its open probabilit</strong>y. ...
<strong>See synaptic Plasticity:</strong> ...
</p>