94% approach study 20oct
6 penetration of the obstacle identification surfaces (OIS)
3/4 SM published visibility = 34:1
1 SM published visibility = 20:1
—IPH
4763.1
17 holding pattern course reversal
radar vectors
AIM 5-4-9 Procedure Turn and Hold-in-lieu of Procedure Turn
the procedure turn or hold-in-lieu-of-PT is not permitted when:
- the symbol “No PT” is depicted on the initial segment being used
- when a RADAR VECTOR to the final approach course is provided
- when conducting a timed approach from a holding fix
4671
22 OALDY straight-in
skip the procedure turn
- straight-in is not necessarily completed straight-in if a different runway is requested
- circling minimums may be used (visual)
4660
35 lost glide slope
As long as the flight visibility in not less than the visibility prescribed for the approach, the pilot should continue the approach and use the VASI.
once the necessary visual references are in sight, the approach may continue visually, and the pilot may descend below the VASI glidepath only when it is necessary for a safe landing.
at least one of the following visual references for the intended runway is distinctly visible and identifiable to the pilot
The following means may be used to substitute for the outer marker:
- Compass locator
- precision approach radar (PAR) or airport surveillance radar (ASR)
- DME, VOR, or non-directional beacon fixes authorized in the standard instrument approach procedure
- a suitable RNAV system in conjunction with a fix identified in the standard instrument approach procedure.
4706
37 approach control service (ASR, PAR)
AIM 5-4-3
4728
46 Precision Runway Monitoring (PRM)
- two tower frequencies
- pilot training
a final monitor controller who can only communicate with aircraft on the final approach course [and has final word over other controller]
50 Helicopters use Category A MDA or DH with half the published visibility (but equal to or not less than 1,200 RVR or 1/4 mile)
4679
53 climb to 030 or intercept R-030? (these are different)
56 min climb with asterisk notes
minimum climb gradient
If the aircraft is not able to meet the minimum climb gradient
- the pilot must use the higher set of the two minimums displayed
- 1,096 for the ILS
- 1,360 for the LOC
4699
54 beacon
less than 3 miles and/or the ceiling is less than 1,000 feet fbn
4408
65 baro-vnav temp restriction
The decision altitude and final approach segment height above obstacles or terrain is unsafe when temperatures are lower than charted.
- a minimum temperature limitation is published for each procedure for which BARO-VNAV minimums are published due to the pronounced effect of cold temperatures on BARO-VNAV operations,
- BARO-VNAV may be used for approach guidance down to the published LNAV MDA.
—IPH
4764.1
66 tower freq for simultaneous approaches
AIM 5-4-15
4670
83 Descent to procedure turn altitude
you may begin descent as soon as you cross the IAF
4309
96 descent rate when airspeed is not given and no glide slope
a descent rate of less than 1,000 fpm below 1,080 feet MSL and bank angles of less than 15 degrees below 500 feet AGL. fbn
4956.4
104 stabilized approach
—IPH
4956.3
123 ceiling vs visibility
ceiling is not the same as DA
visibility counts more than ceiling
- once the necessary visual references are in sight, the approach may continue visually
- the pilot may descend below the VASI glidepath only when it is necessary for a safe landing.
no pilot may operate an aircraft at any airport below the authorized MDA or continue an approach below the authorized DH unless the aircraft is continuously in a position from which a descent to a landing on the intended runway can be made at a normal rate of descent using normal maneuvers
91.175
4706, 4713
128 DH/HAT lower than 200 ft
approaches with a HAT below 200 foot require fbn
- special aircrew and aircraft certification.
- The procedure to apply for this certification is available from your local FSDO
4679.1
140 straight-in on circling only minimums: ok with ATC clearance
The fact that a straight-in minimum is not published does not preclude the pilot from landing straight-in, if:
- the active runway is in sight
- there is sufficient time to make a normal approach for landing
...when ATC has cleared them for landing on that runway, pilots are not expected to circle even though only circling minimums are published. If they desire to circle, they should advise ATC.
Straight-in Minimums
AIM 5-4-20(f) Approach and Landing Minimums
4749
141 missed appr for LDA/GS: precision
read up
21 contact approach
lost comms: 91.185
ATC radar