Defazio, P Rep

=art robinson mercereco activist challenge 2020=<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio</a>
Peter Anthony DeFazio <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English" style="background: none; text-decoration-line: none !important;">/dɪˈfɑːzioʊ/</a> (born May 27, 1947) is the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">U.S. Representative</a> for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oregon%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Oregon's 4th congressional district" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Oregon's 4th congressional district</a>, serving since 1987. He is a member of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Democratic Party</a>. The district includes <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugene,Oregon" title="Eugene, Oregon" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Eugene</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Springfield,Oregon" title="Springfield, Oregon" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Springfield</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corvallis,Oregon" title="Corvallis, Oregon" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Corvallis</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roseburg,Oregon" title="Roseburg, Oregon" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Roseburg</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coos_Bay,Oregon" title="Coos Bay, Oregon" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Coos Bay</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florence,Oregon" title="Florence, Oregon" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Florence</a>. He is the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dean_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Dean of the United States House of Representatives" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">dean</a> of Oregon's House of Representatives delegation and a founder of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congressional_Progressive_Caucus" title="Congressional Progressive Caucus" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Congressional Progressive Caucus</a>. A native of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Massachusetts</a> and a veteran of the United States Air Force Reserves, he previously served as a county commissioner in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lane_County,Oregon" title="Lane County, Oregon" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Lane County, Oregon</a>.<div id="toc" class="toc" style="border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); padding: 7px; display: table;"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="direction: ltr; position: absolute; opacity: 0; z-index: -1; display: none;" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr" style="direction: ltr; text-align: center;"><h2 style="background: none; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border: 0px; display: inline; line-height: 1.3;">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox" style="cursor: pointer;" /></div><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none;"><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#Early_life,education,and_pre-congressional_career" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">1Early life, education, and pre-congressional career</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#U.S.House_of_Representatives" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2U.S. House of Representatives</a><ul style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#Elections" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.1Elections</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#Tenure" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.2Tenure</a><ul style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none;"><li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#Political_positions" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.2.1Political positions</a><ul style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none;"><li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#Immigration" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.2.1.1Immigration</a></li><li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#Telecom" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.2.1.2Telecom</a></li><li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#Trade" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.2.1.3Trade</a></li><li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#Bosnia" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.2.1.4Bosnia</a></li><li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#Abortion" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.2.1.5Abortion</a></li><li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#Military" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.2.1.6Military</a></li><li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-12" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#Israel_and_Palestine" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.2.1.7Israel and Palestine</a></li><li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-13" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#Financial" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.2.1.8Financial</a></li><li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-14" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#Occupy_Wall_Street" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.2.1.9Occupy Wall Street</a></li><li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-15" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#Fuel_prices" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.2.1.10Fuel prices</a></li><li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-16" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#Gay_rights" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.2.1.11Gay rights</a></li><li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-17" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#Airline_safety" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.2.1.12Airline safety</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#Committee_assignments" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.3Committee assignments</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#Caucus_memberships" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.4Caucus memberships</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#Legislation_sponsored" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">2.5Legislation sponsored</a></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#U.S.Senate_elections" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">3U.S. Senate elections</a><ul style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 2em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none;"><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-22" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#1995" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">3.11995</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-23" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#1996" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">3.21996</a></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#Personal_life" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">4Personal life</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#Electoral_history" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">5Electoral history</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-26" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#See_also" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">6See also</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-27" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#References" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">7References</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-28" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#External_links" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">8External links</a></li></ul></div><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;">Early life, education, and pre-congressional career</h2><div>...</div><div><h4 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">olitical positions[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio&action=edit&section=5&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Political positions" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h4><h5 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Immigration[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio&action=edit&section=6&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Immigration" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h5>In October 2011, DeFazio demanded that the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.Department_of_Labor" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of Labor" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">U.S. Department of Labor</a> strengthen restrictions on the hiring of foreign guest workers for forestry jobs intended for unemployed U.S. citizens. “Over the past year it has come to light that several contractors exploited loopholes in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H-2B_visa" title="H-2B visa" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">H-2B visa</a> process to intentionally hire foreign workers, rather than available Americans, for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Recovery_and_Reinvestment_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="American Recovery and Reinvestment Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">American Recovery and Reinvestment Act</a>-funded jobs on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Forest_Service" title="United States Forest Service" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Forest Service</a> lands in Oregon. This is unacceptable,” DeFazio wrote to the Secretary of Labor. “Taxpayer money was spent to hire foreign workers while unemployed Oregonians were denied these jobs. The Department of Labor owes it to the American taxpayer and the over 13 million unemployed Americans to make sure this can never occur again."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-21" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[21]</a>DeFazio issued a statement condemning President Trump's January 2017 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_Order_13769" title="Executive Order 13769" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">executive order</a> restricting visits to the U.S. from certain Muslim countries. “President Trump's ill-conceived and unlawful executive order uses false rhetoric and preys upon Americans' fears without doing anything to address the real terrorist threats facing our nation,” said DeFazio. “Instead, it sends a dangerous message that Muslims are not welcome in America, alienates our allies, and serves as a recruiting tool for ISIS and other terrorists groups. This irresponsible action puts our nation at risk and stands in opposition to the ideals that our country was founded upon."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-22" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[22]</a>In January 2018, DeFazio's guest for the State of the Union Address was Jesus Narvaez, a “DREAMer,” <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DACA" class="mw-redirect" title="DACA" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">DACA</a> activist, and member of Movimiento Estudiantil Chicanx de Aztlán (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MEChA" title="MEChA" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">MEChA</a>).<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-23" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[23]</a>In June 2018, DeFazio, along with other members of Congress from Oregon, demanded that <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immigration_and_Customs_Enforcement" class="mw-redirect" title="Immigration and Customs Enforcement" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Immigration and Customs Enforcement</a> (ICE) permit individuals held at a federal prison in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheridan,Oregon" title="Sheridan, Oregon" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Sheridan, Oregon</a>, under the Trump administration’s “zero-tolerance policy” to make free telephone calls to arrange legal representation.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-24" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[24]</a><h5 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Telecom[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio&action=edit&section=7&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Telecom" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h5>He voted against the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications_Act_of_1996" title="Telecommunications Act of 1996" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Telecommunications Act of 1996</a>—one of only 16 congressmen to do so.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-25" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[25]</a> DeFazio particularly objected to a provision that would have deregulated the cable television industry. According to DeFazio, many of his fellow Democratic congressmen later realized "they were idiots" for backing the bill.<h5 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Trade[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio&action=edit&section=8&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Trade" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h5>He was also the only Oregonian who voted against both <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NAFTA" class="mw-redirect" title="NAFTA" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">NAFTA</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GATT" class="mw-redirect" title="GATT" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">GATT</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-26" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[26]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-27" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[27]</a><h5 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Bosnia[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio&action=edit&section=9&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Bosnia" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h5>In 1995, he challenged President <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Bill Clinton's</a> stance on Bosnia, claiming Clinton and his Cabinet did not make a convincing claim for the operation.<h5 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Abortion[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio&action=edit&section=10&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Abortion" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h5>DeFazio is strongly pro-choice, earning a 100 percent rating from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planned_Parenthood" title="Planned Parenthood" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Planned Parenthood</a> in 2010.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-28" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[28]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-29" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[29]</a><h5 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Military[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio&action=edit&section=11&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Military" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h5>DeFazio has shown a propensity to vote against legislation that would increase the military power of the United States. In 2000, he voted no on legislation to create a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_missile_defense" class="mw-redirect" title="National missile defense" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">national missile defense</a> network, describing the system as a "comic book fantasy."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-30" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[30]</a> He has consistently voted against the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patriot_Act" title="Patriot Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Patriot Act</a>, including its inception after 9/11 and the recurring reauthorization bills, arguing that it infringes on the civil rights of Americans.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-31" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[31]</a> He also voted against the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USA_Freedom_Act" title="USA Freedom Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">USA Freedom Act</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-32" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[32]</a> which reauthorized certain provisions of the Patriot Act in modified form. He voted multiple times to set an itinerary for exiting Iraq and bringing the troops home.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-33" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[33]</a><h5 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Israel and Palestine[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio&action=edit&section=12&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Israel and Palestine" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h5>DeFazio voted against the 2006 Palestinian Anti-Terrorism Act, which banned U.S. aid to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Hamas</a>-led Palestinian government “until it renounces violence, recognizes Israel's right to exist as a Jewish state, and accepts all previous Israeli-Palestinian agreements.” The bill won the support of 361 House members and was passed by unanimous consent in the Senate.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-34" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[34]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-35" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[35]</a>In 2015, DeFazio was one of 19 members of Congress to sign a letter urging Secretary of State <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">John Kerry</a> to “prioritize the human rights of Palestinian children living in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupied_West_Bank" class="mw-redirect" title="Occupied West Bank" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Occupied West Bank</a> in the bilateral relationship with the Government of Israel.” The letter called Israel's treatment of Palestinian children “cruel, inhuman and degrading” and an “anomaly in the world."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-36" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[36]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-37" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[37]</a> In 2017, he was one of 10 members of Congress who introduced a bill that would “require the Secretary of State to certify that United States funds do not support military detention, interrogation, abuse, or ill-treatment of Palestinian children.” DeFazio and his fellow sponsors stated that “the Israeli military detains around 500 to 700 Palestinian children between the ages of 12 and 17 each year, and prosecutes them before a military court system that lacks basic and fundamental guarantees of due process, in violation of international standards."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-38" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[38]</a><h5 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Financial[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio&action=edit&section=13&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Financial" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h5>In 2008, DeFazio and California Representative <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pete_Stark" title="Pete Stark" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Pete Stark</a> signed a letter to House Speaker <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Nancy Pelosi</a> proposing a one quarter of one percent transaction tax on all trades in financial instruments, including stocks, options, and futures. Subsequently, DeFazio introduced the "No BAILOUT Act."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-39" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[39]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-40" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[40]</a>Somewhat controversially, DeFazio declined to support the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Recovery_and_Reinvestment_Act_of_2009" title="American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009</a>, voting against the final stimulus package on February 13, 2009. He was one of only seven Democratic House members to vote "nay" on the bill.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-41" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[41]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-42" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[42]</a> DeFazio said that his vote was due to his frustration over compromises made to win support from moderate Republicans in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Senate</a>. "I couldn't justify borrowing money for tax cuts," he said, referring to a bipartisan group's decision to cut funding for education and infrastructure initiatives he had supported in favor of steeper tax reductions.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-43" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[43]</a> He also advocated that the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">U.S. Senate</a> change its <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloture" title="Cloture" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">cloture</a> rules, doing away with the filibuster.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-44" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[44]</a>DeFazio, speaking to press after the exchange, said that he was honored that Obama recognized him and the issues that mattered to his constituents.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-45" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[45]</a>DeFazio made headlines in mid-November 2009 when he suggested in an interview with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MSNBC" title="MSNBC" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">MSNBC</a> commentator <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Schultz" title="Ed Schultz" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Ed Schultz</a> that President Obama should fire <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Treasury Secretary</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timothy_Geithner" title="Timothy Geithner" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Timothy Geithner</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_National_Economic_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="United States National Economic Council" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">National Economic Council Director</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Summers" title="Lawrence Summers" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Lawrence Summers</a>. "We may have to sacrifice just two more jobs to get back millions for Americans," said DeFazio.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-46" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[46]</a> The comment made top headlines at progressive news <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blog" title="Blog" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">blog</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Huffington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="The Huffington Post" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The Huffington Post</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-47" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[47]</a> DeFazio also suggested that a formal call by the Congressional Progressive Caucus for Geithner and Summers to be removed might be forthcoming. A year later he called for the impeachment of Chief Justice <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Roberts" title="John Roberts" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">John Roberts</a> because of the Supreme Court ruling on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citizens_United_v.Federal_Election_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission</a>.In 2009, DeFazio proposed a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_transaction_tax" title="Financial transaction tax" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">financial transaction tax</a> for within the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">United States</a> only (not internationally).<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-calls_for-48" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[48]</a> (See <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DeFazio_financial_transaction_tax" class="mw-redirect" title="DeFazio financial transaction tax" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">DeFazio financial transaction tax</a>.)During his tenure, DeFazio has butted heads with fellow Democratic politicians, including President <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Barack Obama</a>, on key Democratic legislation. In December 2010, DeFazio told CNN that the White House was "putting on tremendous pressure" about legislation extending the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bush_tax_cuts" title="Bush tax cuts" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Bush tax cuts</a>, with Obama "making phone calls saying this is the end of his presidency if he doesn't get this bad deal." A White House spokesman (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommy_Vietor" title="Tommy Vietor" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Tommy Vietor</a>), however, told <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hill(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">The Hill</a> that Obama hadn't "said anything remotely like that" and had "never spoken with Mr. DeFazio about the issue."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-49" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[49]</a>In November 2010, DeFazio called on President Obama to fire economic adviser <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larry_Summers" class="mw-redirect" title="Larry Summers" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Larry Summers</a> and Treasury Secretary <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timothy_Geithner" title="Timothy Geithner" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Timothy Geithner</a> on the grounds that they were too favorable toward Wall Street. “We think it is time, maybe, that we turn our focus to Main Street — we reclaim some of the unspent [TARP] funds, we reclaim some of the funds that are being paid back, which will not be paid back in full, and we use it to put people back to work. Rebuilding America’s infrastructure is a tried and true way to put people back to work,” said DeFazio. “Unfortunately, the President has an adviser from Wall Street, Larry Summers, and a Treasury Secretary from Wall Street, Timmy Geithner, who don’t like that idea.” In sum, “We may have to sacrifice just two more jobs to get millions back for Americans."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-50" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[50]</a><h5 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Occupy Wall Street[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio&action=edit&section=14&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Occupy Wall Street" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h5>In August 2011, DeFazio stated that the President lacked the fight to follow through on the restoration of the Bush tax cuts, citing the pressure placed on him by the Republicans as the reason.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-51" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[51]</a> DeFazio, along with fellow congressman Dennis Kucinich and Senator Bernie Sanders, stated that it would be good for the Democratic Party if the President faced a meaningful primary in which all the issues would be aired out.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-52" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[52]</a>In October 2011, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Think_Progress" class="mw-redirect" title="Think Progress" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Think Progress</a> noted that DeFazio, "Echoing the demands of the Occupy Wall Street protesters,...is proposing to tax the trading of stocks, bonds, and derivatives. DeFazio, along with his Senate co-sponsor Sen. Tom Harkin (D-IA), has proposed the tax several times in the past. But this time around, the idea is getting a boost of momentum from the popularity of a similar measure in Europe, as well as renewed national media focus on Wall Street profiteering as a result of the 99 Percent Movement."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-53" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[53]</a><h5 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Fuel prices[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio&action=edit&section=15&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Fuel prices" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h5>DeFazio opposed the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lowering_Gasoline_Prices_to_Fuel_an_America_That_Works_Act_of_2014(H.R.4899;113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lowering Gasoline Prices to Fuel an America That Works Act of 2014 (H.R. 4899; 113th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Lowering Gasoline Prices to Fuel an America That Works Act of 2014 (H.R. 4899; 113th Congress)</a>, a bill that would revise existing laws and policies regarding the development of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">oil</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">gas</a> resources on the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outer_Continental_Shelf" title="Outer Continental Shelf" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Outer Continental Shelf</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-cbo4899-54" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[54]</a> The bill was intended to increase domestic energy production and lower gas prices.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-HousePassesMarcos-55" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[55]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-GraeberUPI-56" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[56]</a> DeFazio argued that the bill would not solve the true cause of high gas prices which he blamed on "Big Oil in the United States and speculation on Wall Street."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-HousePassesMarcos-55" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[55]</a> DeFazio called the bill the "drill everywhere" bill.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-GraeberUPI-56" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[56]</a><h5 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Gay rights[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio&action=edit&section=16&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Gay rights" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h5>DeFazio supports gay rights. He voted against the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defense_of_Marriage_Act" title="Defense of Marriage Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Defense of Marriage Act</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-57" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[57]</a> and he voted for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%27t_Ask,Don%27t_Tell_Repeal_Act_of_2010" title="Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-58" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[58]</a><h5 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Airline safety[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio&action=edit&section=17&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Airline safety" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h5>In a 2016 article for The Hill, DeFazio stated that, since 1958, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Aviation_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Aviation Authority" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">FAA</a> “has been the model for aviation systems around the world, and it has set the gold standard for aviation safety.” This state of affairs, he argued, was being threatened by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviation_Innovation,Reform,and_Reauthorization(AIRR)Act" title="Aviation Innovation, Reform, and Reauthorization (AIRR) Act" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Aviation Innovation, Reform, and Reauthorization (AIRR) Act</a>, which “would shift air traffic operations to a private corporation and leave the FAA’s critical safety functions subject to congressional appropriations.” DeFazio warned that a privatized system, such as the ones already in existence in Canada and the United Kingdom, would not work in the U.S., which has “by far the busiest and most complex airspace in the world,” and would “jeopardize aviation safety” by putting air traffic control in the hands of “private interests with eyes trained on balance sheets."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-59" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[59]</a><h3 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Committee assignments[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio&action=edit&section=18&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Committee assignments" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h3><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" f1="f1" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Transportation_and_Infrastructure" title="United States House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure</a> (Chair)<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-60" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[60]</a></li></ul><h3 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Caucus memberships[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio&action=edit&section=19&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: Caucus memberships" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h3><ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" f1="f1" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Populist_Caucus" title="Populist Caucus" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Populist Caucus</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congressional_Biomass_Caucus" title="Congressional Biomass Caucus" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Congressional Biomass Caucus</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congressional_Progressive_Caucus" title="Congressional Progressive Caucus" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Congressional Progressive Caucus</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">House Small Brewer's Caucus (Founder and Co-Chair)</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Congressional_International_Conservation_Caucus" title="United States Congressional International Conservation Caucus" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">United States Congressional International Conservation Caucus</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-61" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[61]</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Organic Caucus (Co-Chair)</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Sportsmen's Caucus</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congressional_Arts_Caucus" title="Congressional Arts Caucus" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Congressional Arts Caucus</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-62" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[62]</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Northwest Energy Caucus (Co-Chair)</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Animal Protection Caucus</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Bike Caucus</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Coast Guard Caucus</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Community Health Care Caucus</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Healthy Forest Caucus</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Human Rights Caucus</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Indian Caucus</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Caucus</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Pro-Choice Caucus</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Rural Caucus</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veterinary_Medicine_Caucus" title="Veterinary Medicine Caucus" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Veterinary Medicine Caucus</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-63" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[63]</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Waterways Caucus<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-64" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[64]</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congressional_NextGen_9-1-1_Caucus" title="Congressional NextGen 9-1-1 Caucus" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Congressional NextGen 9-1-1 Caucus</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-65" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[65]</a></li></ul><h3 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">Legislation sponsored[</h3>The following is an incomplete list of legislation that DeFazio has sponsored:<ul style="margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px; list-style-image: url(" w="w" skins="skins" vector="Vector" images="images" bullet-icon.svg="bullet-icon.svg" f1="f1" background-color="background-color" rgb="rgb"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affordable_College_Textbook_Act(H.R.3840;115th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Affordable College Textbook Act (H.R. 3840; 115th Congress)" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Affordable College Textbook Act (H.R. 3840; 115th Congress)</a></li></ul><h2 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: normal; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); line-height: 1.3;">U.S. Senate elections</h2><div class="thumb tleft" style="float: left; clear: left; margin: 0.5em 1.4em 1.3em 0px; width: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div class="thumbinner" style="min-width: 100px; border: 1px solid rgb(200, 204, 209); padding: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 222px;"><div class="thumbcaption" style="border: 0px; line-height: 1.4em; padding: 3px; text-align: left;">
DeFazio during the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/109th_United_States_Congress" title="109th United States Congress" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">109th Congress</a></div></div></div><h3 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">1995[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio&action=edit&section=22&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: 1995" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h3>After Senator <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Packwood" title="Bob Packwood" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Bob Packwood</a> resigned in early September 1995, DeFazio ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">United States Senate</a> in a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/By-election" title="By-election" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">special primary</a>, losing to 3rd District Congressman <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ron_Wyden" title="Ron Wyden" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Ron Wyden</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio#cite_note-66" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">[66]</a><h3 style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1.6;">1996[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio&action=edit&section=23&editintro=Template:BLP_editintro" title="Edit section: 1996" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">edit</a>]</h3>DeFazio had been mentioned as a possible candidate for the seat of Senator <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Hatfield" title="Mark Hatfield" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">Mark Hatfield</a>, who announced after the special primary election that he would not seek re-election in 1996. However, faced with the prospect of having to take on well-funded millionaires in both the primary and general election, DeFazio announced in February 1996 that he would not run.[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed" style="text-decoration-line: none; background: none;">citation needed</a>]...</div>=
<div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">medium .com</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://medium.com/textifire/a-special-relationship-the-birth-of-cambridge-analytica-97633129cb06" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">https://medium.com/textifire/a-special-relationship-the-birth-of-cambridge-analytica-97633129cb06</a></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style=""><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">no lnx </div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">A Special Relationship & the Birth of Cambridge Analytica</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Bridging the Atlantic to bring radical nativists of Trump & Brexit together via military tech & ad money, one donation or dataset at a time.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">May 19, 2017 · 46 min read</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Steve Bannon-owned Cambridge Analytica LLC, a US subsidiary of UK defense contractor SCL Group, has been increasingly faulted for its dual role in both Donald Trump and Brexit’s victories. Its elevated & expensive role in the Trump digital marketing team’s self-proclaimed voter suppression rollout was the culmination of several years of preparation by military and anti-government interests on both sides of the Atlantic, as well as nationless finance & technology kingmakers seeking to enhance their own profit power.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">As a direct result of the reporting led by the Observer’s Carole Cadwalladr, Cambridge Analytica is already under active investigation for violating United Kingdom data protection laws, as related to their involvement with Leave.EU. It’s unclear if anything will come of this, as Leave’s ‘Bad Boys of Brexit’ seem quite confident they were able to skate through some loopholes and use some creative accounting to their advantage.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Separate issues have been under the microscope of UK authorities. For example, one is the improper collection & use of voters’ personal data via the internet for political marketing/advertising purposes, and another is the question of foreign (read: non-UK) money being used to fund the Leave campaigns. Cambridge Analytica is at the center of the data inquiry, and US-based stock trader Robert Mercer has been identified as the primary source of the foreign money, but in both cases political media production & dissemination is the underlying issue.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Our previous article looked at the undertold history of the nonprofit organization Citizens United regarding highly influential American political media & advertising from 1988 to 2011, and we’ll continue just prior to where we left off. SCL was in a down period at the beginning of our tale, and its Cambridge Analytica did not yet exist.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> Donald Trump would soon begin early-2011 meetings with his new friends Steve Bannon and Citizens United’s David Bossie (fresh off a huge Supreme Court victory) to plot out a Trump 2012 presidential campaign, but they ultimately decided to once again put his formal aspirations on hold.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Still, the fire rises.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Dukakis to Donald: 30 Years of Citizens United - TEXTIFIRE - Medium</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">1988 Democratic presidential nominee Michael Dukakis, who was attempting to win back the White House after 8 years of…</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">medium.com</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">PROFIT BOTS</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Bannon & Bossie began releasing their political issue advocacy film collaborations in 2010, months after Bossie’s Citizens United v FEC case received its big Supreme Court victory, but they were among many looking to exploit the new election [de]regulations. One such up-and-coming major player was half-billionaire Robert Mercer.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Mercer had won awards in his first career, working for IBM’s Watson AI project in the field of natural language processing, where he wrote code teaching computers how to understand humans. The avid yachtsman changed tacks slightly in 1993, as he went on to make his sudden fortune with the wildly profitable private hedge fund Renaissance Technologies, also known as RenTec, of which he is now co-CEO. Its stock-in-trade, if you will, is using quantitative analysis and high frequency trading (HFT) to win big on the global financial markets.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Quantitative analysis is a blanket term that covers a range of techniques, but the basic idea is to execute financial transactions based on predictions made by calculating large groups of historical alphanumeric sets; i.e., using existing patterns to predict future outcomes. When you’re anticipating future numbers, you might naturally expect to first inspect past numbers.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">However, the standard human brain can only do so much these days, so the vast majority of work involved in this field is performed by computers. Even experts in the field — unsurprisingly called ‘quants’, though RenTec is known for exclusively employing mathematicians, physicists, and cryptographers — are still only able to quickly & accurately calculate a small grouping of historical variables. As a result, giant datasets — consisting of any number of different variables tracked over time — are fed into computers which calculate them using complex math equations, following repeatable series of preprogrammed steps that are known as algorithms.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Not only do quants employ algorithms to spit out robotically identified market trends, but they frequently direct the algorithms to buy and sell stocks all on their own. This outsourcing of labor is known as algorithmic trading, and since the computers involved are usually employing algorithms on both sides of these transactions, the trades can happen incredibly quickly (nanoseconds) and in high volumes (around half of all US equity trades). Now we’re describing the quant subgenre of high frequency trading.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">HFT is very controversial within the financial industry, with supporters saying it helps keep the markets liquid & transparent and detractors saying it increases volatility, but it’s probably safe to say most outside observers think it’s very dangerous. It’s been responsible for “flash crashes”; allowed for massive accumulations of private wealth for no reason other than automated exploitation of loopholes, timezones, and bandwidth; played a sizable (or at least very profitable) role in the 2008 global financial meltdown; and put the planet’s resources under the control of larval artificial intelligence.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">For these reasons, it should be no surprise HFT came under the scrutiny of regulators, but only after a decade of algorithmic trading that was enabled by the 2000 changeover to stock decimalization (pricing shares by pennies instead of quarter-dollars). The EU had been fairly vigilant in that regard, but the US government hadn’t pricked up its ears until after the July 2009 arrest of Sergey Aleynikov, a Russian-born U.S. citizen, for allegedly stealing ‘proprietary’ algorithms from his employer Goldman Sachs.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Aleynikov was accused of sticking his digital avatar hand into the “black box” — the batches of algorithms that are kept secret by HFT firms — of Goldman Sachs, but his still-active case has been in & out of courts for these past 8 years, partially because some of the laws he broke had not yet been fully written. That genre of legislative inefficiency sparked the interest of Peter DeFazio, a Democratic congressman from Oregon, which in turn caught the eyes of quants and black box houses like RenTec.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">4 minutes of HFT</div><div style="">
</div><div style="">DeFazio spearheaded the idea of a financial transactions tax — to impose a micropercent tax on trades that would only affect the high-volume HFT in any tangible way— and teamed up with a couple colleagues to bring bills to the floor of Congress. He got nowhere in 2009, two years after the “Quant Quake”, nor in 2010, even after the May 6th “Flash Crash” again alerted the public to the dangers of HFT. Despite the failure to ignite substantial interest, his dedication to reform did not go unnoticed.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">TEST DRIVING CITIZENS UNITED</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">DeFazio’s 2010 reelection campaign was nearly derailed by the appearance of highly-funded ads which attacked him and supported his ‘Tea Party’ Republican opponent, Art Robinson. Created by a PAC calling itself Concerned Taxpayers of America (CTA), it had been an ongoing mystery at the time as to who put up the big money for that organization. Only a few weeks before the election, as per the then-newly lax criteria set forth by the Citizens United decision earlier that year, was it revealed that one of the only two funders was Mr Robert Mercer, who contributed $643,750.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Investigation by the Washington Post prior to the reveal turned up even more curiosities, including a denial of the existence of CTA by a PR rep standing in the doorway of its registered address and directly to DeFazio’s face. Also, we should not be surprised to learn CTA’s treasurer was Jason Miller, who would go on to become Trump’s campaign communications director starting 30 June 2016. Miller was briefly named White House communications director in December 2016, before recusing himself a few days later after a fellow campaign worker accused the otherwise married Miller of fathering her unborn child.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Mercer’s attacks on DeFazio are easily attributable to HFT tax proposals, but his support of political then-novice Art Robinson is also notable. Robinson is a crackpot pseudoscientist whose mentor was Nobel Prize Winner Linus Pauling, before they acrimoniously parted ways in a divorce which ultimately ended in Robinson’s $25.5m lawsuit against the Pauling Institute (which he settled for $575k).</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Robinson then became a supporter of homeopathic disease cures via exposure to raw radioactive elements, as well as a well-known climate change denier, an obsessive hoarder of 14,000+ human urine samples, and a forest-dwelling widower who homeschooled his 6 children using his own Bible-based, available-for-sale “Robinson Curriculum” (all of which basically makes him the Anti-Captain Fantastic). He lost to DeFazio in 2010 and lost again & again & again in 3 subsequent elections, but managed to become the chairman of the Oregon Republican Party from 2013–15, and has recently been considered for the role of Trump’s chief Science Adviser.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Robert Mercer and his politically powerful daughter Rebekah are said to have become fans of Robinson’s after reading his newsletter “Access to Energy”, which argues such things as Chernobyl radiation and carbon pollution are ultimately beneficial to planetary life. However, Mercer has privately “downplay[ed] the dangers posed by nuclear war” when excitedly expressing his belief that Hiroshima & Nagasaki radiation made the greater population of Japan healthier, and Robinson has published a book & multi-DVD set on Nuclear War Survival Skills, so they have that hobby in common.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">After bringing someone like Robinson close to victory in 2010, the Mercers’ fresh taste for political power brought them the privileges and lifestyles of the rich & famous. They soon found themselves at a 2011 conference of the Club For Growth, a pro-business activist group for the conservative elite, which spent $6m of its own in support of 2010 GOP/Tea Party contenders. The Club is perhaps best known for being sued and fined by the FEC in 2005 for violating fair election laws. Its Executive Director David Keating then formed SpeechNow, a group which sued the FEC and did even more damage to campaign finance regulations via their Ninth Circuit Court victory in the immediate wake of Citizens United v FEC, but right now we’re focused on the Club as the place where Mercer first met Andrew Breitbart.</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">BREITBART OUT, BANNON & MERCER IN</div></div><div></div><div>
</div><div><a href="https://www.alternet.org/2019/06/former-white-house-counsel-im-not-aware-of-any-situation-like-transportation-secretary-chaos-conflicts-of-interest/">https://www.alternet.org/2019/06/former-white-house-counsel-im-not-aware-of-any-situation-like-transportation-secretary-chaos-conflicts-of-interest/</a></div><div>
</div><div>In recent weeks, the term “conflict of interest” has been used a lot in connection with Elaine Chao, secretary of the U.S. Department of Transportation under the Trump Administration. Chao is married to Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, and a <a href="https://www.politico.com/story/2019/06/10/mcconnell-elaine-chao-1358068" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.3s ease 0s; cursor: pointer;">June 10 report</a> in Politico found that she used her position to help create a pathway for transportation projects in her husband’s state, Kentucky. Discussing Chao’s activities with Yahoo Finance, ethics lawyer Virginia Canter asserted that the conflict of interest is enormous.<div class="p1_8" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Previously, Canter served as a White House associate counsel under two previous presidents: Barack Obama and Bill Clinton. Presently, Canter is chief ethics counsel for Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington — and she said of Chao, “I am not aware of any situation like this.”<div class="p2_8" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><div class="alt_ad_block story-page-in-content-graph-2" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><div class="teadsNative" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">The Wall Street Journal, on May 28, reported that Chao <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/transportation-secretary-still-owns-stock-she-pledged-to-divest-11559035921" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.3s ease 0s; cursor: pointer;">still owns shares</a> in a company that provides construction materials, Vulcan Materials Co., more than a year after promising to give them up. Further, Chao’s family owns an American shipping company with deep <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/02/us/politics/elaine-chao-china.html" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.3s ease 0s; cursor: pointer;">business and political ties</a> in China.<div class="p3_8" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Canter told Yahoo Finance, “Corruption is the use of public office for private gain. And corrupt activity takes place because it tends to promote, or make policies or decisions that benefit the private interests of … their family members, if not themselves directly.”<div class="p4_8" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Chao’s activities, Canter asserted, fit “within the broad definition of what corruption is.”<div class="p5_8" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Rep. Peter DeFazio, the Oregon Democrat who now heads the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee, said in an official statement, “If the Committee gets information that President Trump’s transportation secretary, Elaine Chao, is abusing her position to dole out projects to benefit her husband’s reelection bid, then I would certainly have questions that would need to be answered — and I would use all tools at my disposal to get those answers."New York Rep. Sean Maloney, another Democrat on the House Transportation Committee, recently told MSNBC that DeFazio “has given me the green light to proceed with an inquiry” on Chao.<div class="p7_8" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Maloney went on to tell MSNBC, “We are going to be fair, but there are serious allegations that the secretary of transportation has used her position to benefit her family’s business… and to help her husband… That’s wrong. It’s not politics as usual, it’s nepotism. And the public deserves to know what the truth is.”</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>http://klcc.org/post/defazio-will-face-robinson-again-november-election...For the 5th time Robinson will run for Oregon’s 4th District seat after winning the primary election Tuesday. DeFazio says Robinson has the backing of billionaire Wall Street investor Robert Mercer and his daughter Rebecca.<p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.5625rem; padding: 0px; font-family: Lato, " helvetica="Helvetica" neue="Neue" arial="Arial" sans-serif="sans-serif" font-size="font-size" em="em" line-height="line-height" text-rendering="text-rendering" optimizelegibility="optimizeLegibility" color="color" rgb="rgb" letter-spacing="letter-spacing" px="px" word-spacing="word-spacing">“They’ve put millions of dollars into Robinson. Spent quite a bit of money against me.” DeFazio says, “They’ve financed his institute where he has proven that climate change is a myth and that radiation is good for us and where he’s collecting urine samples. They’re true believers. In fact, they tried to make Trump appoint him as science advisor.”<p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1.5625rem; padding: 0px; font-family: Lato, " helvetica="Helvetica" neue="Neue" arial="Arial" sans-serif="sans-serif" font-size="font-size" em="em" line-height="line-height" text-rendering="text-rendering" optimizelegibility="optimizeLegibility" color="color" rgb="rgb" letter-spacing="letter-spacing" px="px" word-spacing="word-spacing">Art Robinson lives in Cave Junction. DeFazio, who lives in Springfield, has held the 4th District seat since 1987.<a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/2017/01/12/trump-kingmaker-billionaires-robert-rebekah-mercer-pouring-millions-climate-science-denial" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">https://www.desmogblog.com/2017/01/12/trump-kingmaker-billionaires-robert-rebekah-mercer-pouring-millions-climate-science-denial</a> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); min-height: 280px;"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even">When it comes to climate science denial, some names come easily and deservingly to mind.There’s oil giant <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/exxonmobil-funding-climate-science-denial" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">ExxonMobil</a> — a company that contributed millions of dollars to organizations that told the public there was no risk from burning fossil fuels.There are the <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/koch-family-foundations" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">oil billionaire Koch brothers</a> — Charles and David — and their ideological zeal against government regulations that drove them to pour vast amounts into groups spreading doubt on the realities of human-caused global warming.But a name that has not yet reached those heights of climate science denial infamy — but likely should — is the Mercer family.<h3 style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.28205em; margin-top: 1.28205em; margin-bottom: 1.28205em;">Who Are the Mercers?</h3>A DeSmog analysis of Federal Electoral Commission returns shows Robert Mercer, the reclusive hedge fund manager, has donated $30.1 million to politics since January 2015 (a further $2.3 million has come from daughter Rebekah and wife Diana).Some $15 million of Robert Mercer’s money went into the Make America Number 1 super-PACthat was headed by Rebekah Mercer and that bankrolled the final months of Donald Trump’s campaign. One source told <a href="http://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/291772-billionaire-father-and-daughter-linked-to-trump-shakeup" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">The Hill</a>: “The Mercers basically own this campaign.”But DeSmog has found the Mercers have also pumped at least $22 million into organizations that push climate science denial while blocking moves to cut greenhouse gas emissions.Trump too refuses to accept the evidence that climate change is caused by humans and has consistently called the issue a hoax.Before diverting to Trump, the Mercers' cash was backing <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/planet-oz/2016/feb/11/checking-ted-cruzs-climate-science-denial-clangers" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Senator Ted Cruz, who made climate science denial a main feature of his speeches</a>.Those positions on climate change, challenged by every major scientific institution in the world, are identical to those of the groups and individuals the Mercers have been handsomely funding through their own family foundation.Climate science denial also fits well with Robert Mercer’s reported investment in Breitbart — the hyper partisan media outfit that calls climate change a hoax. Many seeBreitbart as Trump’s very own propaganda vehicle — the <a href="http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/11/donald-trump-steve-bannon-breitbart-pravda-214451" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Trump Pravda</a>.Steve Bannon, Breitbart’s former chief, was picked by Trump (or, more likely, by the Mercers) to lead his campaign. The controversial figure will be Trump’s chief strategist.<h3 style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.28205em; margin-top: 1.28205em; margin-bottom: 1.28205em;">Climate Denial Funded</h3>Very little is known about what the Mercers think about climate change or, for that matter, anything else.  Both father and daughter avoid media interviews.But Rebekah has been described as the most <a href="http://www.politico.com/story/2016/09/donald-trump-rebekah-mercer-227799" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">powerful woman in GOP</a> politics and is a pivotal member of the Trump team. Rebekah also runs her father’s charitable foundation.So, the best way to get a handle on what the Mercers think, is to see where they spend their millions.DeSmog has analyzed the <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/mercer-family-foundation" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Mercer Family Foundation</a>’s tax returns since 2005 and finds some $22 million has gone to groups pushing climate science denial.Across the board, the groups funded by the Mercers have misrepresented climate science, promoted fossil fuels, denigrated renewable energy, and pushed to strip powers from the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).The Chicago-based <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/heartland-institute" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Heartland Institute</a> has received $4,988,000 from the Mercers, cashing its first $1 million check in 2008.The Heartland Institute holds regular “international climate change conferences” where denialists, fossil fuel-funded scientists, and politicians come together to talk tactics.In 2012, the institute <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/blog/2012/may/04/heartland-institute-global-warming-murder" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">famously started a billboard campaign</a> that used a picture of terrorist Ted “Unabomber” Kaczynski next to the phrase: “I still believe in global warming. Do you?”Despite the generosity of the Mercers, the Heartland Institute does not publicly acknowledge the funding, perhaps indicative of the Mercers' desire to stay below the radar.The Mercer name was even left out of internal Heartland budget documents leaked in 2012. If the Mercers had asked for anonymity, then Heartland’s coyness is not unusual.Another organization shy about getting cash from the Mercer Family Foundation is the George W. Bush Foundation, the organization set up in 2006 to look after the official archive of the George W. Bush presidency.The George W. Bush Foundation publishes a <a href="http://www.bushcenter.org/reports/2015-annual-report/" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">lengthy list of its financial supporters</a> and the Mercers are not on it. But tax records show the Mercers have given the Bush Foundation $4.1 million since 2010.<h3 style="line-height: 1.28205em; margin-top: 1.28205em; margin-bottom: 1.28205em;">Oregon Petition</h3>Alongside funding for Breitbart and the Heartland Institute, Robert Mercer has also spent $1.25 million supporting an obscure group known as the <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/oregon-institute-science-and-medicine" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine</a>, led by <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/art-robinson" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Art Robinson</a>.Robinson was behind a long-debunked “survey” of university graduates, known as the <a href="https://www.desmogblog.com/oregon-petition" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Oregon petition</a>. First published in 1998, the petition claimed that 30,000 “scientists” had declared humans were not to blame for global warming.Robinson also thinks climate change is a hoax.  His institute sells nuclear survival manuals, is currently <a href="https://theintercept.com/2016/08/23/trumps-new-billionaire-backer-also-funds-huge-stockpile-of-human-urine/" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">stockpiling human urine for testing</a>, and sells home schooling kits for parents worried about their children being exposed to socialism.Robert Mercer also <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/how-a-reclusive-computer-programmer-became-a-gop-money-powerhouse/2015/10/05/1af0c1bc-50b7-11e5-8c19-0b6825aa4a3a_story.html?utm_term=.bb1dc4c268aa" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">supported Art Robinson’s failed 2010 Republican run</a> for Congress.As well as Robert and his family <a href="http://docquery.fec.gov/cgi-bin/com_ind/C00481341/K-O/" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">donating to Robinson’s campaign committee</a>, <a href="https://www.opensecrets.org/pacs/pacgave2.php?cycle=2010&cmte=C00488437" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">Robert Mercer personally gave $643,750 to a super-PAC</a> that ran attack ads against Robinson’s Democratic opponent (that opponent, Peter DeFazio, has <a href="http://www.cjr.org/campaign_desk/wapo_finds_two_concerned_taxpa.php" target="blank" style="text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">noted that he had co-sponsored legislation to tax hedge fund transactions</a>)....</div></div></div>~ dark actbs<a href="http://reason.com/archives/2015/04/04/the-gmo-labeling-saga-continues">http://reason.com/archives/2015/04/04/the-gmo-labeling-saga-continues</a>--mar 2016Defying the rights of Americans who overwhelmingly want to know more about what they eat, a Senate committee on Tuesday advanced legislation that will block states from requiring that foods made with genetically modified organisms (GMO) be labelled.The so-called <a href="http://www.agriculture.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/EDW16221.pdf" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">Denying Americans the Right to Know (DARK) Act</a> (pdf) passed the Senate Agriculture Committee <a href="http://www.agriculture.senate.gov/hearings/biotechnology-labeling-solutions-markup" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">14-6</a>. It now moves to the upper chamber's floor, setting up a Congressional battle as Vermont prepares to become the first state to implement a mandatory <a href="http://www.commondreams.org/tag/gmo" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">GMO </a>labeling law.The federal bill pre-empts state laws by establishing a national voluntary labeling standard for foods made with GMOs, similar to the <a href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/1599" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">Safe and Accurate Food Labeling Act of 2015</a> that <a href="http://www.commondreams.org/newswire/2015/07/23/consumers-health-advocates-and-farmers-mobilize-massive-movement-opposition" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">passed</a> the House in July. The Senate bill has <a href="http://www.politico.com/tipsheets/morning-agriculture/2016/03/roberts-committed-to-blocking-gmo-wrecking-ball-new-farm-bureau-prez-vows-continued-fight-against-epa-us-chicken-lands-in-south-africa-212966" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">reportedly</a> gone through significant negotiations to garner bipartisan support. But opponents, including Wenonah Hauter, executive director of watchdog Food & Water Watch, argue that "more compromise will not fix the problem at the bill's core.""Blocking state laws that require GMO labeling will strip away the ability of states to protect the public’s right to know what is in their food," Hauter <a href="http://www.commondreams.org/newswire/2016/03/01/advocates-urge-senate-reject-dark-act" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">said</a> Tuesday. "Any version of this bill that would result in anything less than mandatory on-package labeling is unacceptable."Indeed, more than 9 out of 10 of Americans surveyed have <a href="http://www.commondreams.org/news/2014/06/09/overwhelming-majority-americans-say-just-label-it" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">said</a> they support mandatory GMO labeling. Despite this, lawmakers—with <a href="http://www.commondreams.org/news/2015/07/27/surprise-pro-gmo-lawmakers-get-big-funds-agribusiness-lobbies" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">significant backing</a> from the biotechnology industry—continue to push pro-GMO legislation.In 2014, Vermont <a href="http://www.commondreams.org/news/2014/05/08/victory-vermont-passes-landmark-gmo-labeling-law" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">passed</a> a new labeling standard that is due to take effect on July 1. As the first state to pass a law that does not include a "trigger clause"—which requires that other states pass similar legislation, such as in Connecticut and Maine—Vermont now emerges as the GMO battleground as Senate lawmakers consider this bill.Presidential hopeful Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) weighed in on the controversy Tuesday, tweeting:...mayer dk $:guess on McC ad, but noble definitely after him, alsoGround zero bs funded by mercer; ~ defazio who wanted to tax trade (mercer a quant); denier, funded art robinson 261815Representatives Earl Blumenauer (OR),Louise Slaughter(NY), and Peter DeFazio (OR) have stepped up to support House Joint Resolution 48 -- the only amendment that deals with both Supreme Court doctrines granting constitutional rights to artificial entities and defining spending money as free speech!  Move to Amend is pleased to announce these new co-sponsors for our <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://movetoamend.nationbuilder.com/r?u=https%3A%2F%2Fmovetoamend.org%2Fwethepeopleamendment&e=58999a2c0d5c9d12d8d8b8a67a8964da157310ce&utm_source=movetoamend&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=aug_newsletter&n=11" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: none; background: transparent;">We The People Amendment</a> -- introduced in the US House of Representatives by Rick Nolan (MN) in April 2015!

WASHINGTON -– A group of 109 Democratic House members is urging the Obama administration to use its executive authority to protect new public land.

Under the Antiquities Act, the president can designate new national monuments without waiting for Congress to act. President Barack Obama has <a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/03/25/president-obama-designates-five-new-national-monuments" sl-processed="1" style="list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; text-decoration: none;">designated nine new monuments</a> during his presidency. Congress, meanwhile, has gone a <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/01/03/wilderness-congress-public-lands_n_4509730.html" sl-processed="1" style="list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; text-decoration: none;">record amount of time</a> without granting new protections for wilderness or other public land. The last congressional designation was in 2009.

“In today’s deeply partisan environment, it’s becoming nearly impossible for Congress to make critical conservation decisions," <a href="http://democrats.naturalresources.house.gov/press-release/defazio-grijalva-lead-109-democrats-urging-interior-conserve-national-treasures-using" sl-processed="1" style="list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; text-decoration: none;">the House members</a>, led by House Natural Resources Committee ranking member Rep. Peter DeFazio (D-Ore.) and Public Lands Subcommittee ranking member Raúl Grijalva (D-Ariz.), wrote in a letter to Interior Secretary Sally Jewell. "The 112th Congress was the first Congress in 40 years that failed to permanently protect any of America’s treasured landscapes. The current Congress is on a path to repeat that abysmal record."

The letter notes that the House Natural Resources Committee had hearings on eight of 37 proposed land designations in the 113th Congress, and only one was passed in the House. "With only 121 legislative days scheduled for 2014, the time to act is running out," the members said in a statement.

==

<a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio">http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio</a>

Peter Anthony DeFazio has been a <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/United_States_Democratic_Party" title="United States Democratic Party" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Democratic</a> <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/U.S.House_of_Representatives" title="U.S. House of Representatives" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">U.S. Representative</a>, representing <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Category:Members_of_the_U.S.Congress_from_Oregon" title="Category:Members of the U.S. Congress from Oregon" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Oregon</a>'s 4th Congressional District, since 1987. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nationalatlas.gov/printable/images/preview/congdist/or04_109.gif" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaagxrfwhrtb2z0d2fyzqbbzg9izsbjbwfnzvjlywr5ccllpaaaafzjrefuef59z4ejadeiq1f36k7u5e7zkxeuqpacj3wk7unokvxvk9khnqh7by9hbdydhnxgjprlqflo4m2ggfyjhhjq8v4agfrgpqx3jtjqgbofmchga="AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA" nakks="nAKks" jajfaaaaaelftksuqmcc="JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" background-position="background-position" background-repeat="background-repeat" no-repeat="no-repeat" xmlns:data="data">map</a>)

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio#Record_and_controversies" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">1 Record and controversies</a>

<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-3" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio#Support_For_Iraq_Resolution" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">1.1.1 Support For Iraq Resolution</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio#Budget_Priorities" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">1.2 Budget Priorities</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio#Telecommunications" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">1.3 Telecommunications</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio#Abortion" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">1.4 Abortion</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio#Congressional_career" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">2.1 Congressional career</a>

<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-9" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio#2006_elections" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">2.1.1 2006 elections</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio#Committees_and_Affiliations" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">3 Committees and Affiliations</a>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio#Committees" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">3.1 Committees</a>

<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-12" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio#Committee_assignments_in_the_109th_Congress_.282005-2006.29" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">3.1.1 Committee assignments in the 109th Congress (2005-2006)</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

</ul>

</li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio#More_Background_Data" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">4 More Background Data</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio#Contact" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">5 Contact</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio#Articles_and_Resources" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">6 Articles and Resources</a>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio#Resources" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">6.1 Resources</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio#Local_blogs_and_discussion_sites" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">6.2 Local blogs and discussion sites</a></li>

<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18" style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Peter_DeFazio#Articles_.26_Statements_by_Peter_DeFazio" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">6.3 Articles & Statements by Peter DeFazio</a></li>

</ul>

</li>

</ul>

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<h2 style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0.6em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); width: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-image: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Record and controversies</h2>

<div style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; margin: 0.5em 0.75em; border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(92, 121, 181); padding: 0.25em; background-color: rgb(220, 232, 248);">For more information see the chart of <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/U.S._House_of_Representatives_votes_on_the_Iraq_War" title="U.S. House of Representatives votes on the Iraq War" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">U.S. House of Representatives votes on the Iraq War</a>.</div>

<h4 style="font-weight: bold; margin: 0px 0px 0.3em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom-style: none; width: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-image: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Support For Iraq Resolution</h4>

On February 16, 2007 DeFazio voted for the resolution which passed by 246 to 182 vote.

<h3 style="font-weight: bold; margin: 0px 0px 0.3em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom-style: none; width: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-image: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Budget Priorities</h3>

In February of 2007, DeFazio and Representative Greg Walden (R-Oregon) urged the Appropriations Committee to fund a one year extension on the county payments program, also known as the Secure Rural Schools and Community Self-Determination Act of 2000. Last year, the county payments program provided nearly $280 million for Oregon counties for services like schools, roads and law enforcement. The country payments program was granted a one-year reauthorization.

<h3 style="font-weight: bold; margin: 0px 0px 0.3em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom-style: none; width: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-image: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Telecommunications</h3>

<h3 style="font-weight: bold; margin: 0px 0px 0.3em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom-style: none; width: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-image: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Abortion</h3>

From 1977 to 1982 DeFazio worked for U.S. Rep. <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=James_H._Weaver&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James H. Weaver (page does not exist)" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">James H. Weaver</a> (D-OR). He was elected as a Lane County, Oregon commissioner in 1983 and served as chairman from 1985 to 1986.

DeFazio was first elected to the U.S. Congress in 1986. He is dean of the Oregon House delegation, and represents southwest Oregon from Corvallis in the north, down to the California border-from the west coast to the Cascade Mountains.

In 1995, DeFazio ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/U.S._Senate" title="U.S. Senate" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">U.S. Senator</a> from Oregon in a special primary. He served as an Oregonian delegate to the 2000 Democratic National Convention.

<h3 style="font-weight: bold; margin: 0px 0px 0.3em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom-style: none; width: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-image: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Congressional career</h3>

<h4 style="font-weight: bold; margin: 0px 0px 0.3em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom-style: none; width: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-image: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">2006 elections</h4>

<h2 style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0.6em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); width: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-image: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Committees and Affiliations</h2>

<h3 style="font-weight: bold; margin: 0px 0px 0.3em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom-style: none; width: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-image: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Committees</h3>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/House_Committee_on_Transportation_and_Infrastructure" title="House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure</a>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Subcommittee on Aviation</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Subcommittee on Highways Transit and Pipelines - Chair</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Subcommittee on Railroads</li>

</ul>

</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/House_Committee_on_Natural_Resources" title="House Committee on Natural Resources" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">House Committee on Natural Resources</a>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Subcommitee on National Parks, Forests, and Public Lands</li>

</ul>

</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/House_Committee_on_Homeland_Security" title="House Committee on Homeland Security" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">House Committee on Homeland Security</a>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Subcommittee on Management, Investigations, and Oversight</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Subcommittee on Transportation Security and Infrastructure Protection</li>

</ul>

</li>

</ul>

<h4 style="font-weight: bold; margin: 0px 0px 0.3em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom-style: none; width: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-image: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Committee assignments in the 109th Congress (2005-2006)</h4>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Subcommittee on Economic Security Infrastructure Protection and Cybersecurity</li>

</ul>

</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/House_Committee_on_Resources" title="House Committee on Resources" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">House Committee on Resources</a>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Subcommittee on Forests and Forest Health</li>

</ul>

</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Subcommittee on Aviation</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Subcommittee on Highways Transit and Pipelines - Ranking Minority Member</li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Subcommittee on Railroads</li>

</ul>

</li>

</ul>

<h2 style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0.6em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); width: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-image: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">More Background Data</h2>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vote-smart.org/bio.php?can_id=H3341103" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaagxrfwhrtb2z0d2fyzqbbzg9izsbjbwfnzvjlywr5ccllpaaaafzjrefuef59z4ejadeiq1f36k7u5e7zkxeuqpacj3wk7unokvxvk9khnqh7by9hbdydhnxgjprlqflo4m2ggfyjhhjq8v4agfrgpqx3jtjqgbofmchga="AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA" nakks="nAKks" jajfaaaaaelftksuqmcc="JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" background-position="background-position" background-repeat="background-repeat" no-repeat="no-repeat">Background information on Peter DeFazio from Project Vote Smart</a></li>

</ul>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vote-smart.org/issue_rating_category.php?can_id=H3341103" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaagxrfwhrtb2z0d2fyzqbbzg9izsbjbwfnzvjlywr5ccllpaaaafzjrefuef59z4ejadeiq1f36k7u5e7zkxeuqpacj3wk7unokvxvk9khnqh7by9hbdydhnxgjprlqflo4m2ggfyjhhjq8v4agfrgpqx3jtjqgbofmchga="AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA" nakks="nAKks" jajfaaaaaelftksuqmcc="JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" background-position="background-position" background-repeat="background-repeat" no-repeat="no-repeat">Interest group scorecard ratings for Peter DeFazio from Project Vote Smart</a></li>

</ul>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://projects.washingtonpost.com/congress/members/d000191" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaagxrfwhrtb2z0d2fyzqbbzg9izsbjbwfnzvjlywr5ccllpaaaafzjrefuef59z4ejadeiq1f36k7u5e7zkxeuqpacj3wk7unokvxvk9khnqh7by9hbdydhnxgjprlqflo4m2ggfyjhhjq8v4agfrgpqx3jtjqgbofmchga="AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA" nakks="nAKks" jajfaaaaaelftksuqmcc="JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" background-position="background-position" background-repeat="background-repeat" no-repeat="no-repeat">Voting record for Peter DeFazio from the Washington Post database</a></li>

</ul>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.congressmerge.com/onlinedb/cgi-bin/newmemberbio.cgi?lang=&member=OR04&site=congressmerge" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaagxrfwhrtb2z0d2fyzqbbzg9izsbjbwfnzvjlywr5ccllpaaaafzjrefuef59z4ejadeiq1f36k7u5e7zkxeuqpacj3wk7unokvxvk9khnqh7by9hbdydhnxgjprlqflo4m2ggfyjhhjq8v4agfrgpqx3jtjqgbofmchga="AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA" nakks="nAKks" jajfaaaaaelftksuqmcc="JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" background-position="background-position" background-repeat="background-repeat" no-repeat="no-repeat">Information on Peter DeFazio from Congress Merge</a></li>

</ul>

<p style="margin: 0.4em 0px 0.5em; line-height: 19.1875px; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Wikipedia</a> also has an article on <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaagxrfwhrtb2z0d2fyzqbbzg9izsbjbwfnzvjlywr5ccllpaaaafzjrefuef59z4ejadeiq1f36k7u5e7zkxeuqpacj3wk7unokvxvk9khnqh7by9hbdydhnxgjprlqflo4m2ggfyjhhjq8v4agfrgpqx3jtjqgbofmchga="AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA" nakks="nAKks" jajfaaaaaelftksuqmcc="JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" background-position="background-position" background-repeat="background-repeat" no-repeat="no-repeat" xmlns:data="data">Peter DeFazio</a>. This article may use content from the Wikipedia article under the terms of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GFDL" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaagxrfwhrtb2z0d2fyzqbbzg9izsbjbwfnzvjlywr5ccllpaaaafzjrefuef59z4ejadeiq1f36k7u5e7zkxeuqpacj3wk7unokvxvk9khnqh7by9hbdydhnxgjprlqflo4m2ggfyjhhjq8v4agfrgpqx3jtjqgbofmchga="AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA" nakks="nAKks" jajfaaaaaelftksuqmcc="JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" background-position="background-position" background-repeat="background-repeat" no-repeat="no-repeat" xmlns:data="data">GFDL</a>.

<h2 style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0.6em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); width: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-image: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Contact</h2>

2134 Rayburn House Office Building

Washington, DC 20515

Phone: 202-225-6416

TollFree: 800-944-9603

Fax: 202-225-0032

<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.house.gov/defazio/" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaagxrfwhrtb2z0d2fyzqbbzg9izsbjbwfnzvjlywr5ccllpaaaafzjrefuef59z4ejadeiq1f36k7u5e7zkxeuqpacj3wk7unokvxvk9khnqh7by9hbdydhnxgjprlqflo4m2ggfyjhhjq8v4agfrgpqx3jtjqgbofmchga="AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA" nakks="nAKks" jajfaaaaaelftksuqmcc="JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" background-position="background-position" background-repeat="background-repeat" no-repeat="no-repeat" xmlns:data="data">Website</a>

<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://defazio.house.gov/emailme.shtml" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaagxrfwhrtb2z0d2fyzqbbzg9izsbjbwfnzvjlywr5ccllpaaaafzjrefuef59z4ejadeiq1f36k7u5e7zkxeuqpacj3wk7unokvxvk9khnqh7by9hbdydhnxgjprlqflo4m2ggfyjhhjq8v4agfrgpqx3jtjqgbofmchga="AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA" nakks="nAKks" jajfaaaaaelftksuqmcc="JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" background-position="background-position" background-repeat="background-repeat" no-repeat="no-repeat" xmlns:data="data">Web Email</a>

District Office- Coos Bay:

125 Central, Suite 250

Coos Bay, OR 97420-0333

Phone: 541-269-2609

TollFree: 800-944-9603 (in OR)

Fax: 541-269-5760

District Office- Eugene:

151 West Seventh Avenue, Suite 400

Eugene, OR 97401

Phone: 541-465-6732

TollFree: 800-944-9603 (in Oregon)

Fax: 541-465-6458

District Office- Roseburg:

612 Southeast Jackson Street, Room 9

Roseburg, OR 97470

Phone: 541-440-3523

TollFree: 800-944-9603 (in Oregon)

Fax: 541-440-3525

<h2 style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0.6em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); width: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-image: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Articles and Resources</h2>

<h3 style="font-weight: bold; margin: 0px 0px 0.3em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom-style: none; width: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-image: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Resources</h3>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.house.gov/defazio/" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaagxrfwhrtb2z0d2fyzqbbzg9izsbjbwfnzvjlywr5ccllpaaaafzjrefuef59z4ejadeiq1f36k7u5e7zkxeuqpacj3wk7unokvxvk9khnqh7by9hbdydhnxgjprlqflo4m2ggfyjhhjq8v4agfrgpqx3jtjqgbofmchga="AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA" nakks="nAKks" jajfaaaaaelftksuqmcc="JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" background-position="background-position" background-repeat="background-repeat" no-repeat="no-repeat">Official website</a></li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.defazioforcongress.org/" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaagxrfwhrtb2z0d2fyzqbbzg9izsbjbwfnzvjlywr5ccllpaaaafzjrefuef59z4ejadeiq1f36k7u5e7zkxeuqpacj3wk7unokvxvk9khnqh7by9hbdydhnxgjprlqflo4m2ggfyjhhjq8v4agfrgpqx3jtjqgbofmchga="AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA" nakks="nAKks" jajfaaaaaelftksuqmcc="JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" background-position="background-position" background-repeat="background-repeat" no-repeat="no-repeat">Campaign website</a></li>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opensecrets.org/races/index.asp" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaagxrfwhrtb2z0d2fyzqbbzg9izsbjbwfnzvjlywr5ccllpaaaafzjrefuef59z4ejadeiq1f36k7u5e7zkxeuqpacj3wk7unokvxvk9khnqh7by9hbdydhnxgjprlqflo4m2ggfyjhhjq8v4agfrgpqx3jtjqgbofmchga="AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA" nakks="nAKks" jajfaaaaaelftksuqmcc="JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" background-position="background-position" background-repeat="background-repeat" no-repeat="no-repeat">Open Secrets</a> - 2006 congressional races database</li>

</ul>

<h3 style="font-weight: bold; margin: 0px 0px 0.3em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom-style: none; width: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-image: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Local blogs and discussion sites</h3>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chuckcurrie.blogs.com/" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaagxrfwhrtb2z0d2fyzqbbzg9izsbjbwfnzvjlywr5ccllpaaaafzjrefuef59z4ejadeiq1f36k7u5e7zkxeuqpacj3wk7unokvxvk9khnqh7by9hbdydhnxgjprlqflo4m2ggfyjhhjq8v4agfrgpqx3jtjqgbofmchga="AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA" nakks="nAKks" jajfaaaaaelftksuqmcc="JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" background-position="background-position" background-repeat="background-repeat" no-repeat="no-repeat">Chuck Currie, M.Div.</a></li>

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<h3 style="font-weight: bold; margin: 0px 0px 0.3em; overflow: hidden; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.17em; border-bottom-style: none; width: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.1875px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-image: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Articles & Statements by Peter DeFazio</h3>

<li style=" margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://defazio.house.gov/100802DEStatement.shtml" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaagxrfwhrtb2z0d2fyzqbbzg9izsbjbwfnzvjlywr5ccllpaaaafzjrefuef59z4ejadeiq1f36k7u5e7zkxeuqpacj3wk7unokvxvk9khnqh7by9hbdydhnxgjprlqflo4m2ggfyjhhjq8v4agfrgpqx3jtjqgbofmchga="AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA" nakks="nAKks" jajfaaaaaelftksuqmcc="JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" background-position="background-position" background-repeat="background-repeat" no-repeat="no-repeat">Statement</a>: <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Authorization_for_Use_of_Military_Force_Against_Iraq_Resolution_of_2002" title="Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: none;">Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002</a> (HJRES 114)].</li>

</ul>

<p style="margin: 0.4em 0px 0.5em; line-height: 19.1875px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Corresponding article on <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_DeFazio" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaagxrfwhrtb2z0d2fyzqbbzg9izsbjbwfnzvjlywr5ccllpaaaafzjrefuef59z4ejadeiq1f36k7u5e7zkxeuqpacj3wk7unokvxvk9khnqh7by9hbdydhnxgjprlqflo4m2ggfyjhhjq8v4agfrgpqx3jtjqgbofmchga="AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA" nakks="nAKks" jajfaaaaaelftksuqmcc="JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" background-position="background-position" background-repeat="background-repeat" no-repeat="no-repeat" xmlns:data="data">Wikipedia</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.causecaller.com/wiki/Peter_DeFazio" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaagxrfwhrtb2z0d2fyzqbbzg9izsbjbwfnzvjlywr5ccllpaaaafzjrefuef59z4ejadeiq1f36k7u5e7zkxeuqpacj3wk7unokvxvk9khnqh7by9hbdydhnxgjprlqflo4m2ggfyjhhjq8v4agfrgpqx3jtjqgbofmchga="AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA" nakks="nAKks" jajfaaaaaelftksuqmcc="JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" background-position="background-position" background-repeat="background-repeat" no-repeat="no-repeat" xmlns:data="data">Cause Caller</a>. (If Cause Caller link does not work, pick from its list of <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.causecaller.com/wiki/Senator" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaagxrfwhrtb2z0d2fyzqbbzg9izsbjbwfnzvjlywr5ccllpaaaafzjrefuef59z4ejadeiq1f36k7u5e7zkxeuqpacj3wk7unokvxvk9khnqh7by9hbdydhnxgjprlqflo4m2ggfyjhhjq8v4agfrgpqx3jtjqgbofmchga="AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA" nakks="nAKks" jajfaaaaaelftksuqmcc="JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" background-position="background-position" background-repeat="background-repeat" no-repeat="no-repeat" xmlns:data="data">senators</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.causecaller.com/wiki/Representative" style="text-decoration: none; background-image: url(" data:image="data:image" png="png" base64="base64" ivborw0kggoaaaansuheugaaaaoaaaakcayaaacnms="iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs" aaaagxrfwhrtb2z0d2fyzqbbzg9izsbjbwfnzvjlywr5ccllpaaaafzjrefuef59z4ejadeiq1f36k7u5e7zkxeuqpacj3wk7unokvxvk9khnqh7by9hbdydhnxgjprlqflo4m2ggfyjhhjq8v4agfrgpqx3jtjqgbofmchga="AAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAFZJREFUeF59z4EJADEIQ1F36k7u5E7ZKXeUQPACJ3wK7UNokVxVk9kHnQH7bY9hbDyDhNXgjpRLqFlo4M2GgfyJHhjq8V4agfrgPQX3JtJQGbofmCHgA" nakks="nAKks" jajfaaaaaelftksuqmcc="JAjFAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" padding-right="padding-right" px="px" background-position="background-position" background-repeat="background-repeat" no-repeat="no-repeat" xmlns:data="data">representatives</a>.)

===

shadegg says He said he has made friends with many Democrats, including liberal Oregon Rep. Peter DeFazio, and has relied on Democratic colleagues for help in passing some of his bills, including one that prohibits taxpayer-funded military honors at the funerals of convicted rapists.

"The notion that everybody here hates each other is false," he said. "The big issues that get all the attention are partisan. But a lot of the day-to-day stuff that we do here isn't. There are friendships across the aisle."

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<h1 class="headline" style="margin: 0px 0px 0.4em; padding: 0px 0px 4px 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.3em; word-spacing: 5px;">23. Transaction Tax Helps Civilize Wall Street and Lower the National Debt</h1>

In February 2013, United States senators Tom Harkin (D-Iowa) and Peter DeFazio (D-Oregon) introduced a bill to implement a new tax of three basis points (that is, three pennies for every hundred dollars) on most nonconsumer stock trades. If made law, the tax could generate $350 billion in federal revenues over the next ten years.

Describing the proposed tax as a “simple matter of fairness and fiscal sanity,” Senator Harkin elaborated, “We need the new revenue generated by this tax in order to reduce deficits (after sequestration) and maintain critical investments in education, infrastructure, and job creation. . . . Wall Street (investors) can easily bear this modest tax.”

Because the tax is percentage-based, large transactions would be harder hit; most middle-class investors would see minimally increased charges. The tax would also help curb overzealous market speculation by discouraging the large-sum, short-term, risky trading that tends to put the economy in a fragile state.

This bill has been proposed in previous congressional sessions, yet it has been underreported in the corporate media, making it hard to gain public support.

France recently became the first country in Europe to pass such a tax. French finance minister Pierre Moscovici said the law marks “the first step toward fiscal reform and a move toward justice.” Ten other European countries are discussing similar laws. For the US, the Harkin–DeFazio transaction tax would be a major step in civilizing speculative investment, stabilizing the economy, and reducing the national debt.

Censored #23

Transaction Tax Helps Civilize Wall Street and Lower the National Debt

George Zornick, “Financial Transactions Tax Introduced Again—Can It Pass This Time?,”Nation, February 28, 2013, <a href="http://www.thenation.com/blog/173134/financial-transactions-tax-introduced-again-can-it-pass-time" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none;">http://www.thenation.com/blog/173134/financial-transactions-tax-introduced-again-can-it-pass-time</a>.

“Lawmakers Introduce Targeted Wall Street Trading Tax,” Albany Tribune, February 28, 2013, <a href="http://www.albanytribune.com/28022013-lawmakers-introduce-targeted-wall-street-trading-tax" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none;">http://www.albanytribune.com/28022013-lawmakers-introduce-targeted-wall-street-trading-tax</a>.

Gregory Heires, “As the Misguided $1.4 Trillion Cuts Begin, a Wall Street Tax Looks Like a No-Brainer,” Reader Supported News, March 7, 2013, <a href="http://readersupportednews.org/pm-section/78-78/16370-as-the-misguided-14-trillion-cuts-begin-a-wall-street-tax-looks-like-a-no-brainer" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none;">http://readersupportednews.org/pm-section/78-78/16370-as-the-misguided-14-trillion-cuts-begin-a-wall-street-tax-looks-like-a-no-brainer</a>.

Helene Fouquet and Adria Cimino, “French Lawmakers Pass Trading Transaction Tax,”Bloomberg Businessweek, August 1, 2012, <a href="http://www.businessweek.com/news/2012-07-31/french-lawmakers-pass-budget-bill-including-transaction-tax" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none;">http://www.businessweek.com/news/2012-07-31/french-lawmakers-pass-budget-bill-including-transaction-tax</a>.

Student Researcher: Marisa Soski (San Francisco State University)

Faculty Evaluator: Kenn Burrows (San Francisco State University)

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</div>

Defazio, P Rep

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