Covance Labs

<p><b>Covance Laboratories</b> is an international contract research

organization (CRO) and laboratory animal breeding company. Firms hire

CROs to conduct toxicity <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Animal_testing" title="Animal testing">animal testing</a> for agrochemicals, petrochemicals, household products, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Pharmaceutical" title="Pharmaceutical" class="mw-redirect">pharmaceuticals</a> and toxins. Covance has facilities in over 25 countries with headquarters in Princeton, New Jersey. <sup id="cite_ref-0" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-0">[1]</a></sup>

Covance is one of the world's largest CRO's. Services include drug

development, preclinical testing, human clinical trials, toxicology

studies, biostatistical analysis and post-marketing studies. Customers

include companies in the pharmaceutical, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">biotechnology</a>, medical device, chemical, agrochemical and <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Processed_food" title="Processed food" class="mw-redirect">processed food</a> industries.

In the fiscal year endng in December of 2008, the company reported

sales of approximately 1.83 billion dollars and had 9,600 employees. <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-1">[2]</a></sup></p>

<h2>Contents</h2>

<ul><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#Covance_.26_the_tobacco_industry"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Covance & the tobacco industry</span></a>

<ul><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#Second_hand_smoke_studies"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Second hand smoke studies</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#Philip_Morris"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Philip Morris</span></a></li></ul>

</li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#Animal_testing"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Animal testing</span></a>

<ul><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#Facility_information.2C_progress_reports_.26_USDA-APHIS_reports"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Facility information, progress reports & USDA-APHIS reports</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#USDA_AWA_reports"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">USDA AWA reports</span></a></li></ul>

</li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#Animal_cruelty_.26_welfare_violations"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Animal cruelty & welfare violations</span></a>

<ul><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#NCI_sponsored_study:Smoking_beagles"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">NCI sponsored study: Smoking beagles</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#Splenda:Sadistically_Sweet"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Splenda: Sadistically Sweet</span></a></li></ul>

</li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#U.S._animal_welfare_investigations"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">U.S. animal welfare investigations</span></a>

<ul><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#Denver.2C_Pennsylvania"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Denver, Pennsylvania</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#Vienna.2C_Virginia"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Vienna, Virginia</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#Short_list_of_FD.26C_Act_violations_for_Vienna.2C_Virginia"><span class="tocnumber">4.3</span> <span class="toctext">Short list of FD&C Act violations for Vienna, Virginia</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#Five_year_ban_on_infiltration"><span class="tocnumber">4.4</span> <span class="toctext">Five year ban on infiltration</span></a></li></ul>

</li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#European_animal_welfare_investigations"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">European animal welfare investigations</span></a>

<ul><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#Munster.2C_Germany"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Munster, Germany</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#Attempt_to_stop_airing_of_videos_in_Europe"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Attempt to stop airing of videos in Europe</span></a></li></ul>

</li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#Animal_breeding_.26_live_animal_imports"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Animal breeding & live animal imports</span></a>

<ul><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#Primate_imports"><span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">Primate imports</span></a></li></ul>

</li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#Lobbying.26_public_relations"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Lobbying & public relations</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#Key_executives"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Key executives</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#Contact"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Contact</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#Articles.26_sources"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Articles & sources</span></a>

<ul><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#SourceWatch_resources"><span class="tocnumber">10.1</span> <span class="toctext">SourceWatch resources</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-25"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#References"><span class="tocnumber">10.2</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-26"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#External_articles"><span class="tocnumber">10.3</span> <span class="toctext">External articles</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-27"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#External_resources"><span class="tocnumber">10.4</span> <span class="toctext">External resources</span></a></li></ul>

</li></ul>

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<h2> <span class="mw-headline" id="Covance_.26_the_tobacco_industry">Covance & the tobacco industry</span></h2>

<p>Under its former name of <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Hazleton_Laboratories" title="Hazleton Laboratories" class="mw-redirect">Hazleton Laboratories</a>, Covance was associated with the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Council_for_Tobacco_Research" title="Council for Tobacco Research">Council for Tobacco Research</a> and conducted animal testing for tobacco companies. In September of 1972, Carl Baker, the former chairman of the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cancer_Institute" title="National Cancer Institute">National Cancer Institute</a>

(NCI), became the president of Hazleton Laboratories. Hazleton was a

"major research contractor" for NCI and had been conducting chemosol

treated cigarette studies for "tar" tumorigenicity for nine U.S.

cigarette manufacturers since 1970. <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-2">[3]</a></sup></p>

<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="Second_hand_smoke_studies">Second hand smoke studies</span></h3>

<p>In the 1990s, Covance performed studies sponsored by the tobacco industry claiming that even extreme exposure to <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Secondhand_smoke" title="Secondhand smoke">secondhand smoke</a> was safe for humans. According to the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Surgeon_General_of_the_United_States_Public_Health_Service" title="Surgeon General of the United States Public Health Service">Surgeon General of the United States Public Health Service</a>,

secondhand smoke substantially increases the risks of lung cancer and

heart disease. Covance internal documents from 2002 discuss a "Philip

Morris/Covance Project Team" for studies. At a November 2005 tobacco

trade-group conference in Manila, Philippines, Covance's presentation

was entitled: <b>How Can Covance Support Research and Development Needs of the Tobacco Industry?</b> <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-3">[4]</a></sup></p>

<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="Philip_Morris">Philip Morris</span></h3>

<p>The <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Altria_Group" title="Altria Group">Altria Group</a> is a parent company whose primary holdings include the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Philip_Morris" title="Philip Morris" class="mw-redirect">Philip Morris</a> companies and which formerly included <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Kraft_Foods" title="Kraft Foods" class="mw-redirect">Kraft Foods</a>. The Altria Group is a client of Covance Laboratories. <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-4">[5]</a></sup>

See also section 3.</p>

<h2> <span class="mw-headline" id="Animal_testing">Animal testing</span></h2>

<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="Facility_information.2C_progress_reports_.26_USDA-APHIS_reports">Facility information, progress reports & USDA-APHIS reports</span></h3>

<p>For links to copies of a facility's <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/U.S._Department_of_Agriculture" title="U.S. Department of Agriculture">U.S. Department of Agriculture</a> (USDA)-Animal Plant Health Inspection (APHIS) reports, other information and links, see also <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.all-creatures.org/saen/res-fr.html">Stop Animal Experimentation NOW!: Facility Reports and Information</a>.

This site contains listings for all 50 states, links to biomedical

research facilities in that state and PDF copies of government documents

where facilities must report their animal usage. (Search locations:

Vienna; Madison, Wisconsin; Denver, Pennsylvania)

This facility performed animal experiments involving pain or distress

but no analgesics, anesthetics or pain relievers were administered. For

copies of this facility's USDA-Animal Plant Health Inspection (APHIS)

reports, other information and links, see also Facility Reports and

Information: Covance Laboratories, Inc, Madison, WI. <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-5">[6]</a></sup></p>

<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="USDA_AWA_reports">USDA AWA reports</span></h3>

<p>As of May 26, 2009, the USDA began posting all inspection reports for

animal breeders, dealers, exhibitors, handlers, research facilities and

animal carriers by state. See also <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_welfare/inspection_list.shtml">USDA Animal Welfare Inspection Reports</a>.</p>

<h2> <span class="mw-headline" id="Animal_cruelty_.26_welfare_violations">Animal cruelty & welfare violations</span></h2>

Tracheostomized beagle attached to smoking machine</div>

</div>

<p>Stop Animal Exploitation Now! (SAEN) is a national research <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Watchdog" title="Watchdog" class="mw-redirect">watchdog</a> organization. <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-6">[7]</a></sup>

SAEN has included Covance Laboratories among the worst violators of

U.S. laws. Covance amassed a combined 42 violations between their

Pennsylvania and Virginia laboratories, including the starving of dogs

and failure to provide veterinary care for broken bones. (Government

reports and ranking statistics available upon request.) <sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-7">[8]</a></sup></p>

<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="NCI_sponsored_study:_Smoking_beagles">NCI sponsored study: Smoking beagles</span></h3>

<p>In an NCI sponsored study, Hazleton provided animal data favorable to the <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Tobacco_industry" title="Tobacco industry">tobacco industry</a>

that contributed to the continued marketing of cigarettes. Between

February of 1978 and March of 1980, Hazleton conducted a two-year study

of for NCI on the the cardiovascular effects of mainstream cigarette

smoke and carbon monoxide on "204 permanently tracheostomized male

beagle" dogs. The dogs were forced to inhale all of the mainstream smoke

generated by six cigarettes a day while being fed diets of varying

levels of cholesterol. A number of dogs died during the study. The study

concluded that smoking may have "a possible protective effect" and

"lent no support to the suggestion that cigarette smoking increases the

rate of development of atherosclerosis." <sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-8">[9]</a></sup> See also <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Smoking_beagles" title="Smoking beagles">smoking beagles</a>.</p>

<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="Splenda:_Sadistically_Sweet">Splenda: Sadistically Sweet</span></h3>

<p><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Splenda" title="Splenda" class="mw-redirect">Splenda</a> is the brand name for Sucralose, an artificial sweetener manufactured by by McNeil Speciality Products, a subsidiary of <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Johnson_%26_Johnson" title="Johnson & Johnson">Johnson & Johnson</a>.

Sucralose is 600 times sweeter than sugar and is the first no-calorie

based sweetener ever developed. It was predicted to be a highly

profitable money maker for British sugar giant Tate & Lyle, who

commissioned the research. Thousands of animals, including beagles,

monkeys, rabbits and rodents were poisoned and killed in various ways

for the 20 year study on Sucralose; known in the United States as

Splenda.

Thousands of monkeys, rabbits, mice and rats were killed during tests

in the United Kingdom. Many died of trauma and others suffered from

extreme weight loss, convulsions and intestinal disorders. Some of these

experiments were conducted at <strong class="selflink">Covance Laboratories</strong>

at Harrogate, Yorkshire. The British Union For The Abolition Of

Vivisection (BUAV) has estimated that tens of thousands of animals have

died in the testing of this product. <sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-9">[10]</a></sup> See also <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Splenda:_Sadistically_Sweet" title="Splenda: Sadistically Sweet">Splenda: Sadistically Sweet</a>.</p>

<h2> <span class="mw-headline" id="U.S._animal_welfare_investigations">U.S. animal welfare investigations</span></h2>

<div class="thumbcaption">PETA investigation of Covance Laboratories, Vienna, VA. - April 2004 - March 2005</div>

</div>

<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="Denver.2C_Pennsylvania">Denver, Pennsylvania</span></h3>

<p>In 2004 and 2005, the Denver, PA Covance facility amassed 27

violations in the areas of veterinary care, housing and Institutional

Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) <sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-10">[11]</a></sup>

violations. Incidents at this Covance facility caused intense suffering

to rabbits, pigs and dogs documented by attending veterinarians and the

IACUC. Incidents included placing dogs and pigs in food restrictive

devices resulting in severe weight loss and inadequate post surgical

care for rabbits. <sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-11">[12]</a></sup></p>

<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="Vienna.2C_Virginia">Vienna, Virginia</span></h3>

<p>For a six month period from April 26, 2004, to March 11, 2005, an undercover investigator from <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/People_for_the_Ethical_Treatment_of_Animals" title="People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals">People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals</a> (PETA) videotaped systematic abuse of animals at Covance Laboratories' facility in Vienna, Virginia. <sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-12">[13]</a></sup>

The investigator's video described the laboratory as a documentation of

"terror, sadness, sickness, injuries, suffering, and death" (of monkeys

from the wild and Covance breeding facilities). According to the

investigator, animal technicians referred to the head veterinarian as

"Mr. Let's Wait and See." Primate staff (even those who often abused

monkeys) complained repeatedly about a young monkey left in his cage

with a broken arm for four days. The break was so severe, that the

monkey later had to be euthanized on the advice of a veterinarian who

returned from "time off", after this period. The only pain medication it

received during the four days was a mild aspirin equivalent. <sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-13">[14]</a></sup> PETA filed a 273-page complaint with the USDA detailing violations of the federal Animal Welfare Act (AWA).<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-14">[15]</a></sup>, <sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-15">[16]</a></sup>, <sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-16">[17]</a></sup></p>

<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="Short_list_of_FD.26C_Act_violations_for_Vienna.2C_Virginia">Short list of FD&C Act violations for Vienna, Virginia</span></h3>

<p>The following is a short list of the over 100 violations of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) <sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-17">[18]</a></sup> for Covance's facility in Vienna, Virginia. These violations and this video (above) led to <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration" class="mw-redirect">Food and Drug Administration</a> (FDA) and USDA investigations.

</p>

<div class="thumbcaption">Sick & dying primates: PETA investigation of Covance Laboratories, Vienna, VA. - April 2004 - March 2005</div>

</div>

<ul><li>"Striking, choking, screaming and cursing at "uncooperative", frightened and sick monkeys.</li><li>Slamming monkeys into their cages after they've had dosing tubes inserted down their noses and throats.</li><li>Hosing down cages with sick, injured or recovering monkeys and/or dogs still inside.</li><li>Slamming cages to terrorize loose monkeys out of hiding. Slamming the head of an escaped monkey against concrete.</li><li>Denial of veterinary care and deaths in drug tests in which the veterinarian was forbidden to examine, treat or euthanize.</li><li>Inappropriate sized dosing tubes - small monkeys dosed with large

tubes forced up their nostrils and down into their stomachs, causing

choking, gagging, and daily bloody noses.</li><li>Self-mutilation resulting from Covance's failure to provide psychological enrichment and socialization.</li><li>Injuries left untreated until they became necrotic. Broken arm untreated for 4 days.</li><li>Non-stop blaring loud rock music, creating discomfort and alarm.</li><li>Physical and psychological abuse of primates falling outside of the written study parameters.</li><li>Falsifying records to cover up problems with the health of study animals and worker incompetence.</li><li>Lack of employee training and supervision. Uncertified employees anesthetizing animals.</li><li>Teasing, taunting, and yelling at primates for amusement.</li><li>Knowingly using unhealthy animals in studies.</li><li>Painful procedures performed in full view of other primates. Improperly grounded medical equipment burning research animals.</li><li>During new technician training the new employees were told that

there is nothing wrong with screaming or cursing at the monkeys, and

forcing the monkeys to "dance"'</li><li>Removing the quarantine sign from the quarantine room so that

employees did not have to wear the required medical protection gowns.</li><li>Intoxicated employees performing lab procedures on monkeys.</li><li>Covance research director not euthanizing sick monkeys when directed to do so by the veterinarian.</li><li>Failure to isolate imported primates. Malaria-infected monkeys still used in studies for pharmaceuticals.</li><li>Lying about the cause of death for three monkeys found dead in their cages." <sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-18">[19]</a></sup></li></ul>

<p>USDA reports===-</p>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stopcovance.com/docs/covance.pdf">Nov 2001, Inspection ID 174066</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stopcovance.com/docs/covanc.pdf">Nov 2001, Inspection ID 174065</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stopcovance.com/reports/resfrpacrpinsp20050113.htm">Jan 2005, Inspection ID 233130</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stopcovance.com/reports/resfrpacrpinsp20050118.htm">Jan 2005, Inspection ID 172320</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stopcovance.com/reports/resfrpacrpinsp20050118.htm">Feb 2005, Inspection ID 120580</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stopcovance.com/reports/resfrpacrpinsp20050209.htm">Feb 2005, Inspection ID 109674</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stopcovance.com/reports/resfrpacrpinsp20050516.htm">May 2005, Inspection ID 233167</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stopcovance.com/reports/resfrpacrpinsp20050603.htm">June 2005, Inspection ID 172307</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stopcovance.com/reports/resfrpacrpinsp20050815.htm">August 2005, Inspection ID 213216</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stopcovance.com/reports/resfrpacrpinsp20050822.htm">August 2005, Inspection ID 213220</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stopcovance.com/docs/covancesettlement.pdf">Covance / USDA Settlement Agreement.</a> <sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-19">[20]</a></sup></li></ul>

<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="Five_year_ban_on_infiltration">Five year ban on infiltration</span></h3>

<p>Covance subsequently filed a lawsuit against PETA and it's operative,

Lisa Leitten. In October of 2005, PETA agreed to a ban on conducting

any infiltration of Covance for five years. Lisa Leitten agreed to a

three year ban on infiltrating any commercial animal research facility

worldwide. PETA and Leitten also agreed not to publish or share videos

or written materials taken from Covance. The settlement was confirmed by

the Circuit Court of Fairfax County, Virginia. <sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-20">[21]</a></sup></p>

<h2> <span class="mw-headline" id="European_animal_welfare_investigations">European animal welfare investigations</span></h2>

<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="Munster.2C_Germany">Munster, Germany</span></h3>

<div class="thumbcaption">Behind the walls at Covance Laboratories. - PETA & BUAV</div>

</div>

<p>For five months in 2003, the British Union for the Abolition of

Vivisection (BUAV) sent German journalist Friedrich Mülln to work

undercover in the Covance facility in Münster, Germany, Europe's largest

primate-testing center. Mülln obtained photographs, video, and other

evidence of primate abuse. The laboratory specializes in toxicology and

tests on pregnant primates. The undercover footage revealed staff

forcing monkeys to "dance" to blaring music, rough handlilng and

screaming at primates. Primates were filmed living in isolation in

small, wire cages with little or no natural light and high noise levels

(between loud radios and the yelling of staff).

Local authorities inspected the Munster facility after video footage

was shown on German television and insisted video cameras be installed

to monitor staff working with primates. Covance won a subsequent appeal,

arguing that video monitoring would "infringe the rights of the staff".

The public prosecutor's office concluded that Covance "had not rendered

themselves liable to prosecution," and cleared them of all charges. <sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-21">[22]</a></sup></p>

<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="Attempt_to_stop_airing_of_videos_in_Europe">Attempt to stop airing of videos in Europe</span></h3>

<p>Covance also filed a lawsuit to forbid further distribution of material. The ban sparked major protests from <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Animal_rights" title="Animal rights" class="mw-redirect">animal rights</a>

and anti-censorship activists. Covance's claims were partially revoked

by a higher court, citing the public's right to information over the

company's "privacy". The court decided that the video footage could be

aired publicly (in a different format and not by animal rights groups). <sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-22">[23]</a></sup> Covance also pressured the BUAV's internet provider to against carrying video and photographs of the investigation. <sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-23">[24]</a></sup> See also video clip of European investigation. <sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-24">[25]</a></sup>

Covance also filed a lawsuit to prevent PETA from airing video

footage of their investigation in Europe. However, the judge ruled in

PETA's favor. According to Hon. Peter Langan of the United Kingdom, the

rough manner and bleak surroundings "cried out for explanation, even to a

viewer with no particular interest in animal welfare". Covance

Laboratories Limited v. PETA Europe Limited was filed in the High Court

of Justice, Chancery Division, Leeds District Registry, Claim No.

5C-00295. The court also ordered Covance to pay PETA £50,000 in costs

and fees. <sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-25">[26]</a></sup></p>

<h2> <span class="mw-headline" id="Animal_breeding_.26_live_animal_imports">Animal breeding & live animal imports</span></h2>

<p>A company division of called <b>Covance Research Products</b> (CRP) is based in Denver, Pennsylvania. CRP imports, breeds and sells laboratory animals. <sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-26">[27]</a></sup>

CRP provides canines, rabbits and primates for laboratories and has

created and trademarked new breeds of animals, including the

"Mini-Mongrel dog". <sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-27">[28]</a></sup> Covance is the largest importer of primates in the U.S. and the world's largest breeder of laboratory dogs. <sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-28">[29]</a></sup></p>

<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="Primate_imports">Primate imports</span></h3>

<p>In 2006, 26,638 primates were imported into the US; a 44% increase

over 2004. The three companies responsible for over 75% of all of these

imports were <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Charles_River" title="Charles River">Charles River</a> and <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/SNBL" title="SNBL" class="mw-redirect">SNBL</a>

and Covance Laboratories at 11,738 that year. Cynomolgus macaques made

up 92% followed by rhesus macaques, marmosets, squirrel monkeys and

other macaques. Half of all primates were imported from China. <sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-29">[30]</a></sup></p>

<h2> <span class="mw-headline" id="Lobbying_.26_public_relations">Lobbying & public relations</span></h2>

<p>In the fiscal year ending in 2008, Covance paid $100,000 to <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Policy_Directions_Inc." title="Policy Directions Inc.">Policy Directions Inc.</a> <sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-30">[31]</a></sup></p>

<h2> <span class="mw-headline" id="Key_executives">Key executives</span></h2>

<ul><li>Joseph Herring, Chairman & CEO</li><li>Wendel Barr, Executive VP & COO
</li><li>William Klitgaard, Corporate Senior VP & CFO

<h2> <span class="mw-headline" id="Contact">Contact</span></h2>

<p>210 Carnegie Center

Princeton, New Jersey 08540

United States

Phone: 609-452-4440 Fax: 609-452-9375 <sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-32">[33]</a></sup>

U.S. 888-268-2623

Europe 609-419-2240

Africa 800-2682-2682

Asia/Pacific 800-6568-3000

See also global office locations.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_note-33">[34]</a></sup>

Web address: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.covance.com/">http://www.covance.com/</a></p>

<h2> <span class="mw-headline" id="Articles_.26_sources">Articles & sources</span></h2>

<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="SourceWatch_resources">SourceWatch resources</span></h3>

<ul><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Altria_Group" title="Altria Group">Altria Group</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Animal_testing" title="Animal testing">Animal testing</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">Biotechnology</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Council_for_Tobacco_Research" title="Council for Tobacco Research">Council for Tobacco Research</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Humane_Movement" title="Humane Movement">Humane Movement</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Cancer_Institute" title="National Cancer Institute">National Cancer Institute</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Primate_Research_Center_System" title="National Primate Research Center System">National Primate Research Center System</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Novartis" title="Novartis">Novartis</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/People_for_the_Ethical_Treatment_of_Animals" title="People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals">People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Pharmaceutical_industry" title="Pharmaceutical industry">Pharmaceutical industry</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Policy_Directions_Inc." title="Policy Directions Inc.">Policy Directions Inc.</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Richard_Berman_cares_about_animals:clients_exposed" title="Richard Berman cares about animals: clients exposed">Richard Berman cares about animals: clients exposed</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Smoking_beagles" title="Smoking beagles">Smoking beagles</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Splenda:Sadistically_Sweet" title="Splenda: Sadistically Sweet">Splenda: Sadistically Sweet</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Surgeon_General_of_the_United_States_Public_Health_Service" title="Surgeon General of the United States Public Health Service">Surgeon General of the United States Public Health Service</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Tobacco_industry" title="Tobacco industry">Tobacco industry</a></li><li><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/U.S._Government%27s_War_on_Animals" title="U.S. Government's War on Animals">U.S. Government's War on Animals</a></li></ul>

<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span></h3>

<ol class="references"><li id="cite_note-0"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.covance.com/aboutcvd/index.php">About Covance, Company Overview</a>, Covance, accessed July 2009</span></li><li id="cite_note-1"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-1">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hoovers.com/company/Covance_Inc/hyrkti-1.html">Company Description: Covance, Inc.</a>, Hoovers, accessed February 2010</span></li><li id="cite_note-2"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-2">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/tth92f00">Tobacco Institute Newsletter Number 54</a>, Legacy Tobacco Documents Library, July 1972</span></li><li id="cite_note-3"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-3">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">John J. Pippin, M.D. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pcrm.org/news/082606.html">Covance Gets an "F" in Social Responsibility Test</a>, Chandler Republic', August 2006</span></li><li id="cite_note-4"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-4">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.altria.com/Proxy/Proxy2007/2007proxy_11_0500.aspx">Proposal 5 — Animal Welfare Policy</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Altria_Group" title="Altria Group">Altria Group</a>, Notice of Annual Meeting of Stockholders, April 2007</span></li><li id="cite_note-5"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-5">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.all-creatures.org/saen/res-fr-wi-cl.html">Facility Reports and Information: Covance Laboratories, Inc, Madison, WI</a>, Stop Animal Exploitation NOW!, accessed October 2009</span></li><li id="cite_note-6"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-6">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiserearth.org/organization/view/b85f11e8cbc2dbbac2c34c2ceadb3bf7">Description of Stop Animal Exploitation Now</a>, Wiserearth, accessed November 20, 2008</span></li><li id="cite_note-7"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-7">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Micheal Budkie, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.all-creatures.org/saen/press-20070213.html">Pharmaceutical/Testing Companies Among Nation’s Leaders for Federal Violations, Says Watchdog Group</a>, SAEN, February 2007</span></li><li id="cite_note-8"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-8">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/tid/bsx82f00">Final

Report Inhalation Bioassay of Cigarette Smoke in Dogs Effects of

Nicotine and Carbon Monoxide on Atherogenesis Project No. 976-904,

Contract No. ECI-SHP-75-112</a>, Legacy Tobacco Documents Library, June 1981</span></li><li id="cite_note-9"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-9">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Mike Hamilton <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shac.net/HLS/research_papers/sweetner_slaughter.html">Sweetener Slaughter: 12,800 animals die for no-calorie pills</a>, Daily Mirror, August 2001</span></li><li id="cite_note-10"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-10">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iacuc.org/aboutus.htm">About us</a>, Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, accessed February 2009</span></li><li id="cite_note-11"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-11">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Michael A. Budkie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.all-creatures.org/saen/articles-rep-break-sp-covpa.html">Breaking the Law II, Animal Care in U.S. Labs: Government Sanctioned Negligence, Specific Facilities, Covance, PA</a>, SAEN, accessed February 2009</span></li><li id="cite_note-12"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-12">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.covancecruelty.com/insideCovanceUS.asp">Inside Covance U.S.</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/People_for_the_Ethical_Treatment_of_Animals" title="People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals">People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals</a>, accessed February 2009</span></li><li id="cite_note-13"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-13">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.covancecruelty.co.uk/insideCovanceUS.asp">Inside Covance U.S., Introduction</a>, PETA.org, accessed February 2009</span></li><li id="cite_note-14"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-14">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nal.usda.gov/awic/legislat/usdaleg1.htm">Animal Welfare Act and Regulations</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/U.S._Department_of_Agriculture" title="U.S. Department of Agriculture">U.S. Department of Agriculture</a>, December 2009</span></li><li id="cite_note-15"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-15">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.covancecruelty.com/whereIsGov.asp">Where Is the Government? The U.S. Department of Agriculture</a>, PETA.org, accessed February 2009</span></li><li id="cite_note-16"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-16">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Mary Beth Sweetland <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.covancecruelty.com/pdfs/CovanceUSDAComplaintCoverLetter.pdf">Letter to the USDA</a>, PETA.org May 2005</span></li><li id="cite_note-17"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-17">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fda.gov/opacom/laws/fdcact/fdctoc.htm">Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration" class="mw-redirect">Food and Drug Administration</a>, September 2009</span></li><li id="cite_note-18"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-18">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stopcovance.com/fdca.htm">Animal Cruelty: Covance's 100+ Violations</a>, Citizens Against Covance, 2007</span></li><li id="cite_note-19"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-19">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stopcovance.com/animal.htm">Animal Cruelty</a>, Citizens Against Covance, October 2007</span></li><li id="cite_note-20"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-20">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.covance.com/docs/cvd_aw_settlement.pdf">Settlement Agreement: Covance Laboratories vs. People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals & Lisa Leittan</a>, Covance, accessed June 2009</span></li><li id="cite_note-21"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-21">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bionity.com/lexikon/e/Covance/">Life Sciences Encyclopedia: Covance</a>, Bionity.com, accessed September 2009</span></li><li id="cite_note-22"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-22">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bionity.com/lexikon/e/Covance/">Life Sciences Encyclopedia: Covance</a>, Bionity.com, accessed September 2009</span></li><li id="cite_note-23"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-23">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.covancecruelty.com/europeanCovanceInvestigations.asp">Covance Busted in Europe</a>, PETA.org, accessed February 2003</span></li><li id="cite_note-24"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-24">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.peta.org/feat/covance/">Covance Tries to Silence Critics of Cruelty to Primates</a>, PETA.org, accessed February 2009</span></li><li id="cite_note-25"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-25">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.altria.com/Proxy/Proxy2007/2007proxy_11_0500.aspx">Proposal 5 — Animal Welfare Policy</a>, Notice of Annual Meeting of Stockholders, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Altria_Group" title="Altria Group">Altria Group</a>, April 2007</span></li><li id="cite_note-26"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-26">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crpinc.com/">Covance Research Products</a>, Covance Research Products, accessed June 2009</span></li><li id="cite_note-27"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-27">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crpinc.com/rp_overview.asp">CRP Overview</a>, CRP, accessed June 2009</span></li><li id="cite_note-28"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-28">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">John J. Pippin, M.D. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pcrm.org/news/082606.html">Covance Gets an 'F' in Social Responsibility Test</a>, Chandler Republic', August 2006</span></li><li id="cite_note-29"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-29">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hsus.org/animals_in_research/general_information_on_animal_research/an_introduction_to_primate_issues.html">An Introduction to Primate Issues: Importation of Primates on the Rise</a>, HSUS, accessed November 2009</span></li><li id="cite_note-30"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-30">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opensecrets.org/lobby/firmsum.php?year=2008&lname=Policy+Directions+Inc&id=">Annual Lobbying by Policy Directions Inc.</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Center_for_Responsive_Politics" title="Center for Responsive Politics">Center for Responsive Politics</a>, 2008</span></li><li id="cite_note-31"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-31">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hoovers.com/company/Covance_Inc/hyrkti-1.html">Company Description: Covance, Inc.</a>, Hoovers, accessed February 2010</span></li><li id="cite_note-32"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-32">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hoovers.com/company/Covance_Inc/hyrkti-1.html">Company Description: Covance, Inc.</a>, Hoovers, accessed February 2010</span></li><li id="cite_note-33"><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Covance_Laboratories#cite_ref-33">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.covance.com/contact/locations.php">Contact Us: Global Office Locations</a>, Covance, accessed December 2009</span></li></ol>

</div>

<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="External_articles">External articles</span></h3>

<ul><li>Bill Lueders <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isthmus.com/daily/article.php?article=24673">We're in the monkeys</a>, The Daily Isthmus, December 2008</li><li>Emilie Reymond <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.outsourcing-pharma.com/Preclinical-Research/Covance-new-animal-testing-plant-still-drawing-controversy">Covance New Animal-testing Plant Still Drawing Controversy</a>, Outsourcing, July 2007</li><li>Angela Gonzales <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://phoenix.bizjournals.com/phoenix/stories/2007/05/14/story14.html?jst=cn_cn_lk">Covance testing facility sparks more controversy</a>, Phoenix Business Journal, May 2007</li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stopanimaltests.com/f_ten_worst_ceo.asp">PETA Names the 10 Worst CEOs for Animals in Laboratories</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/People_for_the_Ethical_Treatment_of_Animals" title="People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals">People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals</a>, accessed December 2009</li><li>Micheal Budkie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.all-creatures.org/saen/articles-theroutine.html">The Routine Agony of Neglected Animals in Laboratories</a>, Stop Animal Exploitation Now!, accessed June 2009</li></ul>

<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="External_resources">External resources</span></h3>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.covancecruelty.com/trainingTerrorists.asp">Training Terrorists</a>, <a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/People_for_the_Ethical_Treatment_of_Animals" title="People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals">People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals</a>, accessed February 2009</li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.covancecruelty.com/transportedToPurgatory.asp">Transported from Purgatory Back to Hell Again</a>, PETA.org, accessed February 2009</li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.covancecruelty.com/horribleTests.asp">Cruel Tests for Profit: The Grease Pit</a>, PETA.org, accessed February 2009</li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.covancecruelty.com/whatInvestigatorSaw.asp">What the Investigator Saw</a>, PETA.org, accessed February 2009</li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.covancecruelty.com/whatInvestigatorHeard.asp">What the Investigator Heard</a>, PETA.org, accessed February 2009</li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.covancecruelty.com/videos.asp">Covance Cruelty Videos</a>, PETA.org, accessed February 2009</li></ul>