Debs

=<div>uber1</div><div>
</div><div><a href="https://webbrain.com/brainpage/brain/6950F840-FB80-FCB0-D505-8AB1FA685F08#-1090">https://webbrain.com/brainpage/brain/6950F840-FB80-FCB0-D505-8AB1FA685F08#-1090</a>
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</div><div>=</div><div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">=</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">1119 aha why is okla the ctr of evil, what's the matter w/ kansas, but both oil state; 5 hr drive 366 mi dallas to wichita; all 3 stacked, kind of cohesive unit geographically; tx okl mate, panhandle.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><a href="https://www.kshs.org/publicat/history/2007winter_pratt.pdf"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" color="#000000">https://www.kshs.org/publicat/history/2007winter_pratt.pdf</font></a></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Frank's What's the Matter with Kansas? How Conservatives</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">Won the Heart of America (2004) argues that leftwing politics once</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">were commonplace in the Sunflower State.1</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"> It is an intriguing idea <span times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">and serves as the point of departure for this historiographical essay on Kansas radicalism. In these pages "radicalism" refers to a leftwing</span></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">political position beyond that of liberalism, a position that often embraced</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">government ownership and socialism, seeking to control or abolish big</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">wealth and private economic concentration. Radicals were not a monolithic</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">group, as they frequently differed among themselves on objectives and tactics, and many of them sought to work within the ranks of broader, less</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">ideological groupings at particular times. </font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Groups in which Kansas radicals participated included the People's Party, Knights of Labor, Socialist</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Party, Industrial Workers of the World (IWW or Wobblies), Nonpartisan</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">League, Communist Party, and mainstream unions such as the United Mine</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102);">Workers.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Kansas was probably the most radical state in the Union in the 1890s,</b></font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>and leftwing efforts there continued for several decades.</b> "For much of the</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">twentieth century," wrote Fred Whitehead, "the state of Kansas has suffered the reputation of being a conservative bastion, yet during the 1880s,</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">through the Populist movement of the following decade, and even until</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">the anti-radical repressions of World War I, it was a dramatic laboratory</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">of social experimentation, free thought, and wild political insurgency."2 </font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><b><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">In </font><span style="font-family: " times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">no other state were the Populists as successful at the ballot box, electing a</span></b></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>number of congressmen, two U.S. senators, and two governors, not to mention hundreds of other public officials, including the chief justice of the state supreme court.</b> Prior to World War I, Kansas Socialists held picnics, turned out to hear party notables such as Eugene Debs and Kate Richards O’Hare, and, perhaps most important for their cause, published the Appeal to Reason, the single most successful leftwing newspaper in American history. The radical IWW was also quite active in the state during the second decade of the twentieth century, organizing thousands of harvest hands and oil field workers. But U.S. entry into World War I in 1917 marked the beginning of the end of Kansas radicalism. By the early 1920s, the Sunflower State was well on the way to becoming the conservative bastion to which Whitehead alludes. Never again would Kansas be identified in the public mind with leftwing politics. Thus, Kansas radicalism is largely a topic confined to the years between 1880 and 1920. That said, however, a closer look at the sources reveals leftwing sentiment and efforts before and after those years. For the remainder of this essay, I examine how historians have treated Kansas’s radical past,... </font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">William C. Pratt is a professor of history at the University of Nebraska at Omaha and a member</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">of the Board of Trustees of the Nebraska State Historical Society. His current research focuses upon</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">the agrarian left in the Upper Midwest. In the spring of 2007, he was a senior Fulbright lecturer at the</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">University of Warsaw, Poland.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">1. Thomas Frank, What's the Matter with Kansas? How Conservatives Won the Heart of America (New York: Metropolitan Books, 2004). The concept of a "lost world" introduced in the</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">title of the present article is borrowed from Robert McMath's "The Populist Southwest: A Lost</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">World," The Progressive 42 (December 1978): 53-55.</font></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">2. Fred Whitehead, "The Kansas Response to the Haymarket Affair," ...</font></div></div><div><font size="4" face="Times New Roman">
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