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A Granulation

Linguistically:

  1. The formation of granules, or of cereal grains.
  2. The forming of metals into granules by pouring them through a sieve into water while hot.
  3. (uncountable) The condition of being granulated.
  4. (medicine) Granulated tissue on the surface of a healing wound; granulation tissue.
  5. (astronomy) A bright, transient granular marking on the Sun's photosphere.
  6. The attachment of granules of precious metal to underlying metal of jewellery.

Astrophysics:

The surface of the Sun does not have a smooth appearance due to granulation (granules), in which lighter areas are surrounded by darker areas. The pattern of granulation changes with time. This granulation tells about the underlying structure of the Sun. It can be explained by convection zones, where circulating cells of material move. The brighter regions are warmer gas rising up from below, while the dark regions are cooler gas falling back down.