Logic
The word "logic" originates from the Greek word "logos", which has a variety of translations, such as reason, discourse, or language.[4]
Logic is traditionally defined as the study of the laws of thought or correct reasoning,[5] and is usually understood in terms of inferences or arguments.
Reasoning is the activity of drawing inferences. Arguments are the outward expression of inferences.[6]
An argument is a set of premises together with a conclusion. Logic is interested in whether arguments are correct, i.e. whether their premises support the conclusion.[7]
These general characterizations apply to logic in the widest sense, i.e., to both formal and informal logic since they are both concerned with assessing the correctness of arguments.[8]
Formal logic is the traditionally dominant field, and some logicians restrict logic to formal logic.[9]