Nerium oleander, Studies

Oleandrin suppresses activation of nuclear transcription factor-kappaB, activator protein-1, and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase.

Murine pharmacokinetics and metabolism of oleandrin, a cytotoxic component of Nerium oleander.

Cancer

Human tumor cell sensitivity to oleandrin is dependent on relative expression of Na+, K+ -ATPase subunits

PBI-05204, a supercritical CO extract of Nerium oleander, inhibits growth of human pancreatic cancer via targeting the PI3K/mTOR pathway2

Anvirzel, an extract of Nerium oleander, induces cell death in human but not murine cancer cells.

Inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced tumor promotion markers in CD-1 mouse skin by oleandrin.

Phase 1 trial of Anvirzel in patients with refractory solid tumors.

Oleandrin-mediated inhibition of human tumor cell proliferation: importance of Na,K-ATPase alpha subunits as drug targets.

Oleandrin-mediated expression of Fas potentiates apoptosis in tumor cells

Inhibition of export of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) from the prostate cancer cell lines PC3 and DU145 by Anvirzel and its cardiac glycoside component, oleandrin

Cytotoxic effects of cardiac glycosides in colon cancer cells, alone and in combination with standard chemotherapeutic drugs.

Autophagic cell death of human pancreatic tumor cells mediated by oleandrin, a lipid-soluble cardiac glycoside.

Oleandrin-mediated oxidative stress in human melanoma cells.

Cytotoxic effects of leaf, stem and root extracts of Nerium oleander on leukemia cell lines and role of the p-glycoprotein in this effect.

Enhancement of radiotherapy by oleandrin is a caspase-3 dependent process.

Topical administration of oleandrin could protect against gentamicin ototoxicity via inhibition of activator protein-1 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase.

Cardiac glycosides initiate Apo2L/TRAIL-induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells by up-regulation of death receptors 4 and 5.

Cardiovascular

Oleandrin: A cardiac glycosides with potent cytotoxicity.

HIV

Nerium oleander derived cardiac glycoside oleandrin is a novel inhibitor of HIV infectivity.

Liver Effects

Haloalkane induced hepatic insult in murine model: amelioration by Oleander through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, an in vitro and in vivo study

Neuroprotective

In vitro and in vivo neuroprotective activity of the cardiac glycoside oleandrin from Nerium oleander in brain slice-based stroke models.

Other Effects

Cardiac glycoside inhibits IL-8-induced biological responses by downregulating IL-8 receptors through altering membrane fluidity.