Anthroposophy
<p ><b>Anthroposophy</b>, a philosophy founded by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Steiner" title="Rudolf Steiner" >Rudolf Steiner</a>, postulates the existence of an objective, intellectually comprehensible <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirituality" title="Spirituality" >spiritual</a> world that is accessible by direct experience through inner development. More specifically, it aims to develop faculties of perceptive imagination, inspiration and intuition through the cultivation of a form of thinking independent of sensory experience,<sup id="cite_ref-Essential_1-0" class="reference" ><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthroposophy#cite_note-Essential-1" >[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference" ><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthroposophy#cite_note-2" >[2]</a></sup> and to present the results thus derived in a manner subject to rational verification. Anthroposophy aims to attain in its study of spiritual experience the precision and clarity attained by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_science" title="Natural science" >natural sciences</a>in their investigations of the physical world.<sup id="cite_ref-Essential_1-1" class="reference" ><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthroposophy#cite_note-Essential-1" >[1]</a></sup> The philosophy has double roots in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_idealism" title="German idealism" >German idealism</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_mysticism" title="German mysticism" >German mysticism</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference" ><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthroposophy#cite_note-3" >[3]</a></sup> and was initially expressed in language drawn from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theosophy#Blavatskyan_Theosophy_and_the_Theosophical_Society" title="Theosophy" >Theosophy</a>.
Anthroposophical ideas have been applied practically in many areas including <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steiner/Waldorf_education" title="Steiner/Waldorf education" class="mw-redirect" >Steiner/Waldorf education</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_education" title="Special education" >special education</a> (most prominently through the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camphill_Movement" title="Camphill Movement" >Camphill Movement</a>), <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodynamic_agriculture" title="Biodynamic agriculture" >biodynamic agriculture</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthroposophical_medicine" title="Anthroposophical medicine" class="mw-redirect" >medicine</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethical_banking" title="Ethical banking" >ethical banking</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_development" title="Organizational development" class="mw-redirect" >organizational development</a>, and the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arts" title="Arts" class="mw-redirect" >arts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Essential_1-2" class="reference" ><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthroposophy#cite_note-Essential-1" >[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Willmann_4-0" class="reference" ><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthroposophy#cite_note-Willmann-4" >[4]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference" ><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthroposophy#cite_note-5" >[5]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Schneider_6-0" class="reference" ><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthroposophy#cite_note-Schneider-6" >[6]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference" ><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthroposophy#cite_note-7" >[7]</a></sup> The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthroposophical_Society" title="Anthroposophical Society" >Anthroposophical Society</a> has its international center at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goetheanum" title="Goetheanum" >Goetheanum</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dornach" title="Dornach" >Dornach</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland" >Switzerland</a>.
Modern analysts, including <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Shermer" title="Michael Shermer" >Michael Shermer</a>, have termed anthroposophy's application in areas such as medicine, biology and biodynamic agriculture<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudoscience" title="Pseudoscience" >pseudoscience</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference" ><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthroposophy#cite_note-8" >[8]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FlynnDawkins2007_9-0" class="reference" ><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthroposophy#cite_note-FlynnDawkins2007-9" >[9]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ruse2013_10-0" class="reference" ><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthroposophy#cite_note-Ruse2013-10" >[10]</a></sup>
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