rachelle peterson nas

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</div><div>yikes book publisher:</div><div>
</div><div>This is the executive summary of the report Inside Divestment: The Illiberal Movement to Turn a Generation Against Fossil Fuels. This report shows that the fossil fuel divestment movement is an attack on freedom of inquiry and responsible social advocacy in American higher education. The movement impresses on a generation of students an attitude of grim hostility to intellectual freedom, democratic self-government, and responsible stewardship of natural resources. Inside Divestment is the sequel to Sustainability: Higher Education's New Fundamentalism, published by the National Association of Scholars in March 2015.</div><div>=</div><div>
</div><div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/</a></div><div style=""><h1 id="h-rachelle-peterson" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2;">Rachelle Peterson</h1><h2 id="h-credentials" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2;">Credentials</h2><ul style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">B.A., Politics, Philosophy, and Economics, The King’s College (2013).<a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s1" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;"> [1]</a></li></ul><h2 id="h-background" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2;">Background</h2><a href="https://www.heartland.org/about-us/who-we-are/rachelle-peterson" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">Rachelle Peterson</a> is a policy advisor for <a href="https://www.desmog.com/heartland-institute" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">The Heartland Institute </a>and director of research projects at the <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Association_of_Scholars" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">National Association of Scholars (NAS)</a>. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s2" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">[2]</a>Peterson has been a strong critic of the fossil fuel divestment movement, the sustainability movement, and environmentalist Bill McKibben. She has written the NAS report Inside Divestment: The Illiberal Movement to Turn a Generation Against Fossil Fuels and is co-author of Sustainability: Higher Education’s New Fundamentalism.Before starting work at NAS in 2013, Peterson<a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/rachelle-peterson-7a885333/" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;"> interned </a>at <a href="https://www.desmog.com/manhattan-institute-policy-research" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">Manhattan Institute</a>, a conservative think tank funded largely by conservative foundations including as the <a href="https://www.desmog.com/scaife-family-foundations" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">Sarah Scaife Foundation</a>, <a href="https://www.desmog.com/mercer-family-foundation" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">Mercer Family Foundation</a>, and by ExxonMobil. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s1" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">[1]</a>The NAS has boasted of its own history of criticizing the sustainability and divestment movement. The following is from a <a href="https://www.nas.org/images/documents/NAS_insideDivestment_fullReport.pdf" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">November 2015 Inside Divestment report</a>, written by Peterson: <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s3" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">[3]</a>“The National Association of Scholars has observed and critiqued the campus sustainability movement over the last seven years, and followed the fossil fuel divestment movement since its emergence at Swarthmore five years ago. We offer the most thorough encyclopedia of collegiate fossil fuel divestment activism published to date. “<h2 id="h-stance-on-climate-change" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2;">Stance on Climate Change</h2>September 24, 2015<blockquote class="wp-block-quote" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; position: relative; margin-top: 10px;">According to Peterson, “Scientists who refuse to cow to the orthodoxy of dangerous anthropogenic global warming have had a rough go of it in academia.” She describes the word “denier” as “a derogatory epithet that disrespects climate change skeptics’ legitimate scientific concerns and jumps straight to stigmatization.”“The National Association of Scholars takes no position on the validity of the various scientific claims made in the dispute over catastrophic anthropogenic global warming, but we applaud the AP for ruling out the inappropriate and disrespectful term “climate change denier,” Peterson <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20181116004519/https://www.nas.org/articles/ap_denies_the_denier_label" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">wrote at the NAS blog</a>. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s4" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">[4]</a></blockquote>July 5, 2015<a href="https://www.mindingthecampus.org/2015/07/05/the-remarkable-class-of-2015-must-save-the-planet/" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; box-shadow: none;">Writing at Minding the Campus</a>, after several paragraphs criticizing environmentalist Bill McKibben, Peterson promotes <a href="https://www.skepticalscience.com/conservative-media-cant-stop-denying-no-pause.html" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; box-shadow: none;">the myth of a “pause”</a> in global warming: <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s5" style="background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; box-shadow: none;">[5]</a><blockquote class="wp-block-quote" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; position: relative; margin-top: 10px;">“[I]t might be worth noting that even skeptics of global warming and supporters of the Keystone Pipeline have souls. And with an eighteen-year pause in global warming and our planet healthier than it’s been in centuries, this year’s grads might have been better served with some other chestnuts. Don’t believe everything you are told. And the grass isn’t necessarily greener on the other side of the sustainability fence.”</blockquote>Peterson also <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20181116010452/https://www.nas.org/articles/a_pause_for_thought" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">wrote about the “pause” at the NAS blog</a>, citing journalist and prominent climate change denier <a href="https://www.desmog.com/christopher-monckton" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">Christopher Monckton </a>for evidence that NOAA‘s analysis of temperature data is flawed.<a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s6" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;"> [6]</a>May 18, 2015<a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20181116011440/https://www.nationalreview.com/2015/05/president-obama-not-green-enough-hardcore-greens-rachelle-peterson/" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">Writing at National Review Online</a>, Peterson declared: <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s7" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none;">[7]</a><blockquote class="wp-block-quote" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; position: relative; margin-top: 10px;">“’Denier’ is a slur aimed at discrediting an opponent without having to engage his points. Virtually none of the traditional ‘deniers’ actually think that the climate has never changed or that it hasn’t been warming gradually over the past few decades. The real debate is whether the warming is dangerous. But activists want to avoid that debate.”</blockquote><h2 id="h-key-quotes" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2;">Key Quotes</h2>August 7, 2018...</div><div style=""><blockquote class="wp-block-quote" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; position: relative; margin-top: 10px;">The death of the divestment movement is not a total victory. The environmental left has been badly wounded, but it is not dead,” <a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/divesting_freedom_the_fossil_fuel_divestments_campaign_against_civic_debate" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Peterson said</a> during her speech at the Heartland Institute’s America First Energy Conference in 2018. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s8" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[8]</a></blockquote>Peterson later criticized Swarthmore College for increasing its global warming education, describing it as only a “partial victory” when they did not divest from fossil fuels: <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s8" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[8]</a><blockquote class="wp-block-quote" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; position: relative; margin-top: 10px;">“[Swarthmore College’s] decision is one that hundreds of colleges and universities have made: the decision to decline to divest, but also to instead invest significant campus resources into perpetuating the machinery of global warming alarmism.That makes the death of the Divestment Student Network, and the decline in fossil fuel divestment fervor, only a partial victory.”</blockquote><blockquote class="wp-block-quote" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; position: relative; margin-top: 10px;">[…]“The fossil fuel movement not only advocates a deeply flawed environmental policy. Worse, it trains a generation to disdain representative government. It replaces a college education with four years of misguided activism.”[,..]“We should celebrate the demise of the Divestment Student Network, but we should not think our work is done.”</blockquote>June 1, 2016In an <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20181114211840/https://www.ocpathink.org/post/sustainability-the-lefts-new-facade" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">article at Perspective</a>, the publication of <a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Oklahoma_Council_of_Public_Affairs" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Oklahoma Council of Public Affairs</a> — a conservative think tank and member of the <a href="https://www.desmog.com/state-policy-network" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">State Policy Network</a> — Peterson said<a href="https://www.desmog.com/scott-pruitt" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> Scott Pruitt </a>and Alabama senator Luther Strange deserved “hearty praise” for fighting against subpoenas filed against oil giant ExxonMobil and conservative think tanks to determine if they misled the public on climate change (Peterson described these as a “witch-hunt investigation”).<a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s9" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> [9]</a><blockquote class="wp-block-quote" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; position: relative; margin-top: 10px;">“ Scott Pruitt, Oklahoma’s attorney general, has shown admirable pluck in announcing along with his Alabaman counterpart Luther Strange that they believe scientific debates should remain open, rather than ‘silenced with threats of criminal prosecution.’ Pruitt and Strange deserve hearty praise for their courage, but alas, the sustainability juggernaut moves on,” Peterson wrote. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s9" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[9]</a></blockquote>Earlier in the article Peterson argued the actions by the sustainability movement on college campuses were futile: <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s9" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[9]</a><blockquote class="wp-block-quote" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; position: relative; margin-top: 10px;">“Will giving up plastic lighters really save much trash or trim tons of carbon dioxide emissions? These small steps toward ‘sustainability’ more closely resemble the genuflections of a radical devotee than the rational plans of a pragmatist.”</blockquote>She concluded by comparing sustainability to socialism: <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s9" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[9]</a><blockquote class="wp-block-quote" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; position: relative; margin-top: 10px;">“Socialism fits nicely with sustainability’s triple bottom line, and at times it’s hard to tell where the one ends and the other begins. Citizens should take note—or else our constitutional republic may not find itself sustainable.”</blockquote>May 11, 2016After attending “Black Lives Matter 101: A Comprehensive Course in Black Social Movements,” Peterson <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20181114205217/https://www.nas.org/articles/blackness_matters" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">wrote a critique</a> of the movement based on her experience at the event. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s10" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[10]</a><blockquote class="wp-block-quote" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; position: relative; margin-top: 10px;">“The Black Lives Matter is a faction that has appropriated moral language because it sees that it will serve its purpose. It is opportunistic rather than principled, and the contradictions in its claims are evidence of its incoherence,” Peterson wrote“The Black Lives Matter movement attempts to mobilize the resentments in black communities and to shame whites into ceding their wealth and power, partly out of fear and partly out of contrition.”She concluded: “Their prevailing mix of anger, resentment, self-pity, and self-assertion has undoubtedly achieved a short-term political success for the Black Lives Matter movement. They may mistake that as a reason for more of the same. But their campaign has futility built in.”</blockquote>November 2015<blockquote class="wp-block-quote" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; position: relative; margin-top: 10px;">“The fossil fuel divestment movement is turning institutions of higher learning, along with their professors and students, into tools of political advocacy,” Peterson said in a <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DR3mP2SZbdU" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">NAS talk on divestment</a>. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s11" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[11]</a></blockquote>September 10, 2015“[C]limate demagoguery is a force to be reckoned with. It has done virtually nothing to clean up pollution, but has gone far in scrubbing the free exchange of ideas from the academic environment,” Peterson <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20181116005248/https://www.spiked-online.com/2015/09/10/divesting-from-free-speech/" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">wrote at Spiked online</a>. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s12" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[12]</a>May 2015<blockquote class="wp-block-quote" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; position: relative; margin-top: 10px;">“Divestment is a placebo for real environmental protection, which requires individual stewardship far more than symbolic gestures,” Peterson <a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/diminishing_returns" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">wrote at NAS</a>. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s13" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[13]</a></blockquote>November 19, 2014In an article at The Federalist, Peterson urged readers to “savor the moment” of ”[e]nvironmentalism’s failure to resonate with voters” during 2014 midterm elections. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s14" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[14]</a>“Yet environmentalists, spurred by a religious devotion to Mother Earth and flush with cash thanks to activists like Steyer, are not going to quit,” Peterson wrote. She went on to suggest “anti-capitalist and ‘social justice’ agendas are more important to many participants than the environmental ones […] Environmentalism for many is just a springboard into radical politics. Students learn to favor managed economies and social reorganization. Efficient light bulbs and reusable water bottles are symbols, not goals.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s14" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[14]</a>In recommendations, Peterson said “the government should quit bankrolling sustainability initiatives on college campuses” and “[p]rofessors should push back against the intrusion of sustainability into their courses.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s14" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[14]</a><blockquote class="wp-block-quote" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; position: relative; margin-top: 10px;">“To stop the global-warming extremist movement from rebounding after its 2014 loss in the polls will take more than spiking the three-ring campus sustainability circus. It will require some serious strategizing on the part of conservatives. We were lucky this time. Cold weather has dampened the readiness of Americans to believe the world will end in fire (or flood from melting ice caps) anytime soon.But the climatistas are night and day refining their just-so stories, and have become expert at selling their secular salvation myth to millions of young people who thirst for a more compelling life narrative than endless consumerism. To combat a compelling narrative with a stirring role for imaginary survivors of the eco-apocalypse, we need a better narrative. Global warming skepticism by itself isn’t enough. If conservatives are serious about beating back this new form of leftist utopianism, they need to convince a generation once again that freedom is a better choice.” (Emphasis added). <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s14" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[14]</a></blockquote>July 10, 2014<blockquote class="wp-block-quote" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; position: relative; margin-top: 10px;">“[T]here is increasing concern that GHGs are not quite so harmful to the planet as the EPA might have us think, and that the agency may have rigged its data and hidden the evidence,” Peterson <a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/integrity_and_objectivity_the_shaken_pillars_of_environmental_science" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">claimed in an article at NAS </a>(later <a href="https://archive.fo/xppxD" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">reblogged by Anthony Watts</a>). <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s24" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[24]</a></blockquote><h2 id="h-key-deeds" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2;">Key Deeds</h2>August 7, 2018Peterson <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20180801204507/http://americafirstenergy.org/speakers/" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">spoke</a> at the <a href="https://www.desmog.com/heartland-institute" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Heartland Institute</a>‘s “<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180723222403/http://americafirstenergy.org/about/" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">America First Energy Conference</a>” (AFEC 2018) in New Orleans, Louisiana. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s15" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[15]</a>“The purpose of this event is to promote and expand energy freedom in the United States, as outlined in President Donald Trump’s bold America First Energy Plan, a proposal first released during the 2016 presidential campaign. The president’s plan marks a decisive change in direction from the Obama administration’s ‘war on fossil fuels’ and focus on the theory of catastrophic man-caused climate change,” the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180723222403/http://americafirstenergy.org/about/" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">conference description reads</a>. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s16" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[16]</a>She <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20180802003457/http://americafirstenergy.org/Speaker/rachelle-peterson/" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">spoke </a>on a panel titled “<a href="https://youtu.be/KbWeBCz9auc" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Fudiciary Malpractice: The Sustainable Investment Movement</a>.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s17" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[17</a>[vid]july 20, 2016<a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20181114205609/https://www.nas.org/articles/canadas_crusade_against_fossil_fuels" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Writing at the NAS blog</a>, Peterson promoted an anti-divestment-movement study by Canada’s <a href="https://www.desmog.com/frontier-centre-public-policy" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Frontier Center for Public Policy (FCPP)</a>, a group funded by conservative foundations that has sponsored multiple climate change denial events put on by the <a href="https://www.desmog.com/heartland-institute" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Heartland Institute</a>. “The fossil fuel divestment campaign is premised on single-minded devotion to a political cause. It has no place in higher education,” Peterson wrote in conclusion, noting that “We echo Desrochers and Shimizu’s parting recommendations.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s18" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[18]</a>March 14, 2016Writing at the Weekly Standard, Peterson criticized investigations into ExxonMobil by attorneys general as part of the <a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/exxon-knew-about-climate-change-almost-40-years-ago/" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">#ExxonKnew effort</a> to determine if the company had intentionally misled the public about climate change. Peterson described the effort as “clearly political.”<a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s19" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> [19]</a>Peterson also criticized <a href="http://billmckibben.com/bio.html" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Bill McKibben</a>, describing him as “the godfather of revamped environmentalism” and suggesting that the Exxon investigation by California attorney general Kamala Harris was designed to help her run for Senate and gain “the support of a newly important political bloc — campus climate activists who might accurately be called the McKibben Left.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s19" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[19]</a>November 2015Peterson was the author of a NAS report entitled “<a href="https://www.nas.org/images/documents/NAS_insideDivestment_fullReport.pdf" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Inside Divestment: The Illiberal Movement to Turn a Generation Against Fossil Fuels</a>.” The report’s executive summary describes the fossil fuel divestment movement as “an attack on freedom of inquiry and responsible social advocacy in American higher education.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s3" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[3]</a>See <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WXFHHlddTn4" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">video of Peterson introducing the report </a>at a NAS event below. In the introduction, NAS president Peter Wyatt Wood also notes that Peterson’s initial work at NAS included helping write a grant proposal to the Arthur N. Rupe foundation for the group’s work on sustainability. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s20" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[20</a>[vid]april 29, 2015<a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20181116011906/https://www.nas.org/articles/pope_francis_discusses_sustainable_development" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Writing at the NAS blog</a>, ahead of the release of Pope Francis’s climate encyclical, Peterson promoted an open letter by the <a href="https://www.desmog.com/cornwall-alliance-stewardship-creation" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Cornwall Alliance for the Stewardship of Creation</a> “asking the Pope to help protect the poor from onerous environmental regulations and to consider the scientific questions behind the anthropogenic global warming theory.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s21" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[21]</a>March 2015Peterson co-authored a NAS report entitled “<a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20181116012657/https://www.nas.org/images/documents/NAS-Sustainability-Digital.pdf" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Sustainability: Higher Education’s New Fundamentalism</a>.” In a chapter titled “the global warming debate,” the report presents the <a href="https://www.ucsusa.org/global-warming/solutions/fight-misinformation/debunking-misinformation-stolen-emails-climategate.html" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">debunked “Climategate”</a> scandal as a reason to disbelieve the scientific consensus of on the cause of climate change. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s22" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[22]</a>While the report claims it “takes no position on the existence of global warming or subsidiary issues, including its causes” it says “claims advanced merely on the assumption that the theory of global warming is valid rest on highly insecure foundations.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s22" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[22]</a>The report claims to give an even-handed treatment on the climate issue. However, in the “Global Warming: Yes” section it pivots from established science to discuss the sustainability movement, the redistribution of wealth (“economic resources, too, are rationed and distributed equally, so that no one can hoard wealth or prevent the lowest rungs of society from climbing the economic ladder”), and attempts to tie climate change to controversial issues like gay marriage and abortion (“To get to this better world, policies that uplift underprivileged groups such as women, racial minorities, the disabled, and those who identify as gay, lesbian, or bisexual require special consideration. Contraception, abortion, policies to close wage gaps, the legal recognition of gay marriage, affirmative action, and other social measures are thus linked with social sustainability.”) <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s22" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[22]</a>On the “Global Warming: No” side, the report claims temperatures have not been rising, primarily citing prominent skeptics — many not climate scientists — with examples including <a href="https://www.desmog.com/david-whitehouse" target="blank" rel="noopener" data-wpel-link="internal" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">David Whitehouse</a>, <a href="https://www.desmog.com/chip-knappenberger" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Paul C. “Chip Knappenberger</a>, <a href="https://www.cato.org/people/patrick-michaels" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Patrick J. Michaels</a>,<a href="https://www.desmog.com/anthony-watts" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> Anthony Watts</a>,<a href="https://www.desmog.com/james-taylor" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> James Taylor</a>, <a href="https://www.desmog.com/bjorn-lomborg" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Bjorn Lomborg</a>, <a href="https://www.desmog.com/william-happer" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">William Happer</a> (multiple citations),<a href="https://www.desmog.com/richard-lindzen" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> Richard Lindzen</a>,<a href="https://www.desmog.com/james-delingpole" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> James Delingpole</a>,<a href="https://www.desmog.com/ross-mckitrick" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> Ross McKitrick</a>,<a href="https://www.desmog.com/steve-goreham" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> Steve Goreham</a>, and <a href="https://www.desmog.com/steve-mcintyre" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Stephen McIntyre</a>. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s22" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[22]</a>Some representative statements from that chapter below: <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s22" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[22]</a><blockquote class="wp-block-quote" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; position: relative; margin-top: 10px;">“There are many distinct cases against the existence of global warming, man’s role in causing it, and the need to urgently stop it”[…]“Nor is it clear that recent temperatures have been skyrocketing or that 2014 was exceptionally hot. Many data sets indicate temperatures stabilizing and flattening since 1998. “ — <a href="https://skepticalscience.com/global-warming-stopped-in-1998.htm" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">SkepticalScience climate change myth #9</a>[…]“Anthony Watts, a veteran broadcast meteorologist, found during a 2009 examination of temperature stations across the country that 89 percent were poorly situated.” — <a href="https://skepticalscience.com/Anthony_Watts_blog.htm" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">SkeptcalScience details on Watts’ “SurfaceStations.org” project</a>.[…]“The widely-circulated figure that 97 percent of all scientists believe global warming is dangerous and man-made also has been discredited.” — <a href="https://skepticalscience.com/global-warming-scientific-consensus.htm" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">SkepticalScience climate change myth #4</a> and <a href="https://skepticalscience.com/Hulme-IPCC-consensus.htm" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">myth #130</a>[…]“While it is true that today’s global surface temperature and lower atmospheric temperature are both slightly warmer than they were fifty years ago, the increase is mild and unlikely to continue much further.” —<a href="https://skepticalscience.com/global-warming-not-urgent.htm" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> SkepticalScience climate change myth #108</a>[…]“In fact, moderate warming may actually benefit the earth. Warmer temperatures and increased concentrations of carbon stimulate lush plant growth, while mild weather (as opposed to historically frigid eras) benefits human wellbeing. Bjorn Lomborg, the Danish environmental economist and founder of the Copenhagen Consensus, recognizes the existence of global warming but discounts its harms.” — <a href="https://skepticalscience.com/co2-plant-food.htm" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">SkepticalScience climate change myth #44Bjorn Lomborg’s DeSmog profile</a>[…]“It’s also unclear how much warming is due to human influence. Richard S. Lindzen, an MIT professor of meteorology, commented in the Wall Street Journal […]” — <a href="https://skepticalscience.com/global-warming-natural-cycle.htm" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">SkepticalScience climate change myth #56</a> and <a href="https://skepticalscience.com/its-not-us.htm" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">myth #59Richard Lindzen’s DeSmog profile</a>[…]“The historical records show many periods of warming and cooling, many of them so ancient that it is unlikely man even had the technological capacity at the time to be responsible for them. And there is evidence that global temperature swings are caused by sun spots, changes in the sun’s electromagnetic activity because of variations in the intensity of solar wind, and the power of El Niño, which suppresses the cold upwelling off of South America. ” — <a href="https://skepticalscience.com/climate-change-little-ice-age-medieval-warm-period.htm" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">SkepticalScience climate change myth #1</a>, <a href="https://skepticalscience.com/solar-activity-sunspots-global-warming.htm" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">myth#2</a>, <a href="https://skepticalscience.com/el-nino-southern-oscillation.htm" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">myth #57</a>, and <a href="https://skepticalscience.com/solar-cycles-global-warming.htm" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">myth #118</a> […]“One cause for skepticism of anthropogenic global warming is because of high-profile scandals in the field of climatology. One of the best-known, “Climategate,” implicated some of the world’s top climate scientists […]” —<a href="https://skepticalscience.com/Climategate-CRU-emails-hacked.htm" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> SkepticalScience climate change myth #17</a></blockquote><h2 id="h-affiliations" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2;">Affiliations</h2><ul style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a href="https://www.desmog.com/heartland-institute" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none; font-weight: 500;">The Heartland Institute</a> — <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20181116175232/https://www.heartland.org/about-us/who-we-are/rachelle-peterson" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Policy advisor</a>. <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s2" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[2]</a></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a href="https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/National_Association_of_Scholars" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none; font-weight: 500;">National Association of Scholars (NAS)</a> — <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20181114005602/https://www.nas.org/authors/rachelle_peterson" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" rel="external noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Director of research projects</a>.<a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s23" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;"> [23]</a></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a href="https://www.desmog.com/manhattan-institute-policy-research" target="blank" rel="noopener external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none; font-weight: 500;">Manhattan Institute</a> — Research Intern (May 2012 – April 2013). <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s1" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[1]</a></li></ul><h2 id="h-social-media" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2;">Social Media</h2><ul style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/rachelle-peterson-7a885333/" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Rachelle Peterson</a> on LinkedIn</li></ul><h2 id="h-publications" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2;">Publications</h2>According to her <a href="http://www.heartland.org/about-us/who-we-are/rachelle-peterson" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Heartland Institute profile</a>: “Peterson is the author of a newly released study, Inside Divestment: The Illiberal Movement to Turn a Generation Against Fossil Fuels (November 2015), which provides the first comprehensive account of the international campus movement demanding disinvestment from fossil fuel companies. With Peter Wood she co-authored Sustainability: Higher Education’s New Fundamentalism (March 2015), a top-to-bottom review of how sustainability and environmental studies are promulgated in American higher education. That report was widely covered, including in George F. Will’s nationally syndicated column, the Wall Street Journal, the New York Post, and elsewhere.” <a href="https://www.desmog.com/rachelle-peterson/#s2" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">[2]</a>Some samples of Peterson’s publications at NAS below:<ul style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/divesting_freedom_the_fossil_fuel_divestments_campaign_against_civic_debate" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Divesting Freedom: The Fossil Fuel Divestment’s Campaign Against Civic Debate,</a>” NAS, Aug 16, 2018. (Transcript of Peterson’s Speech at the Heartland Institute’s AFEC conference)</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://pjmedia.com/trending/2017/08/09/dead-fossil-fuel-divestment/" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Dead: Fossil Fuel Divestment</a>,” PJ Media, Aug 14, 2017.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://pjmedia.com/blog/the-environmentalists-versus-trump/?singlepage=true" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">The Environmentalists Versus Trump</a>,” PJ Media, November 10, 2016.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/canadas_crusade_against_fossil_fuels" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Canada’s Crusade Against Fossil Fuels</a>,” NAS, July 20, 2016.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.ocpathink.org/post/sustainability-the-lefts-new-facade" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Sustainability: The Left’s New Facade</a>,” Perspective (June 2016).</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/blackness_matters" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">‘Blackness Matters</a>,” NAS, May 11, 2016.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="http://www.nationalreview.com/article/435109/climate-hustle-climate-science-merchants-doubt-marc-morano" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Exposing Climate Alarmism in 90 Minutes</a>,” National Review, May 7, 2016.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://bold.global/rachelle-peterson/2016/03/22/colleges-wasting-endowment-funds-virtue-signaling/" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Are Colleges Wasting Endowment Funds on Virtue-Signaling?</a>“ BOLD, March 22, 2016.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.weeklystandard.com/rachelle-peterson/why-they-hate-exxon" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Why They Hate Exxon,</a>“ Weekly Standard, March 14, 2016.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/energy-environment/263666-where-dinos-rule" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Where DINOs Rule,</a>“ The Hill, December 22, 2015.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/inside_divestment_the_illiberal_movement_to_turn_a_generation_against_fossi" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Inside Divestment: The Illiberal Movement to Turn a Generation Against Fossil Fuels</a>,” NAS, November 10, 2015.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://pjmedia.com/blog/this-changes-everything-proves-conservative-critics-of-environmentalism-are-right/" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">This Changes Everything?</a>“ PJMedia, October 6, 2016.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.spiked-online.com/2015/09/10/divesting-from-free-speech/#.VfbCSRFViko" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Divesting from Free Speech</a>,” Spiked Online, September 10, 2015.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/whose_side_are_you_on" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Whose Side Are You On?</a>“ NAS, July 17, 2015.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/bill_mckibben_responds_to_nas_questions_on_divestment" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Bill McKibben Responds to NAS Questions on Divestment</a>,” NAS, July 13, 2015.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.mindingthecampus.org/2015/07/05/the-remarkable-class-of-2015-must-save-the-planet/" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">The Remarkable Class of 2015 Must Save the Planet</a>,” Minding the Campus, July 5, 2015.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/a_pause_for_thought" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">A Pause for Thought</a>,” NAS, July 9, 2015. </li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/diminishing_returns" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Diminishing Returns</a>,” NAS, May 25, 2015.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nationalreview.com/2015/05/president-obama-not-green-enough-hardcore-greens-rachelle-peterson/" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">President Obama, Not Green Enough for the Hardcore Greens</a>,” National Review, May 18, 2015.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="http://thefederalist.com/2015/05/07/how-dare-you-oppress-us-by-funding-our-college-education/" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">How Dare You Oppress Us By Funding Our College Education,</a>“ The Federalist, May 7, 2015.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20181116011906/https://www.nas.org/articles/pope_francis_discusses_sustainable_development" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Pope Francis Discusses Sustainable Development</a>,” NAS, April 29, 2015.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Peter Wood and Rachelle Peterson. “<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/sustainability_higher_educations_new_fundamentalism1" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Sustainability: Higher Education’s New Fundamentalism</a>,” NAS, March 25, 2015. </li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Peter Wood and Rachelle Peterson. “<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/sustainability_faqs" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Sustainability FAQs</a>,” NAS, March 25, 2015.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="http://thefederalist.com/2015/03/24/reporters-explain-why-balance-isnt-needed-on-global-warming/" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Reporters Explain Why Balance Isn’t Needed on Global Warming</a>,” The Federalist, March 24, 2015.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nationalreview.com/2015/03/merchants-smear-rachelle-peterson/" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Merchants of Smear</a>,” National Review Online, March 6, 2015.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/not_so_happy_global_divestment_day" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">(Not So) Happy Global Divestment Day</a>,” NAS, February 13, 2015.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nationalreview.com/2015/02/call-your-broker-save-planet-rachelle-peterson/" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Call Your Broker, Save the Planet</a>,” National Review Online, February 13, 2015.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/fueling_lawsuits" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Fueling Lawsuit</a>s,” NAS, November 26, 2014.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="http://thefederalist.com/2014/11/19/dont-underestimate-the-eco-worriers/" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Don’t Underestimate The Eco-Worriers</a>,” The Federalist, November 19, 2014.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20150317010526/https://www.mindingthecampus.com/2014/10/how-radicals-hijacked-environmentalism/" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Environmental Colonialism</a>,” Minding the Campus, October 5, 2014.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/integrity_and_objectivity_the_shaken_pillars_of_environmental_science" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Integrity and Objectivity: The Shaken Pillars of Environmental Science</a>,” NAS, July 10, 2014.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Peter Wood and Rachelle Peterson. “<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/environmental_humanities" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Eh? The Rise of the Environmental Humanities Movement</a>,” NAS, June 20, 2014.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">Peter Wood and Rachelle Peterson. “<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/short_circuiting_peer_review_in_climate_science" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Short-Circuiting Peer Review in Climate Science</a>,” NAS, June 6, 2014.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.mindingthecampus.org/2014/06/03/climate_activism_a_march_of_tr/" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Climate Activism: a March of True Believers</a>,” Minding the Campus, June 4, 2014.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/epa_gate" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">EPA-Gate?</a>“ NAS, May 24, 2014.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/sustainabilitys_latest_pulpit" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Sustainability’s Latest Pulpit</a>,” NAS, May 8, 2014.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/social_scientists_vs.climate_change" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Social Scientists Vs. Climate Change</a>,” NAS, April 24, 2014.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/happy_earth_day" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Happy Earth Day</a>,” NAS, April 22, 2014.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/what_i_learned_in_sustainability_school" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">What I Learned in Sustainability School</a>,” NAS, April 3, 2014.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/divestments_gettysburg" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Divestment’s Gettysburg?</a>“ NAS, March 11, 2014.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/trash_radicals_sustainabilitys_new_ascetic_ideal" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Trash Radicals: Sustainability’s New Ascetic Ideal</a>,” NAS, February 27, 2014. </li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/permission_to_speak_college_presidents_the_israeli_boycott_and_climate_chan" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Permission to Speak: College Presidents, the Israeli Boycott, and Climate Change</a>,” NAS, January 22, 2014.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">“<a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/an_analysis_signatories_of_the_american_college_and_university_presidents_c" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" target="blank" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; box-shadow: none;">Signing the American College and University Presidents’ Climate Commitment</a>,” NAS, December 5, 2013.</li></ul><h2 id="h-resources" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2;">Resources...</h2></div><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</div></div><div>=</div><div><a href="http://blog.acton.org/archives/83501-the-illiberal-religious-campaigners-behind-fossil-fuel-divestment.html">http://blog.acton.org/archives/83501-the-illiberal-religious-campaigners-behind-fossil-fuel-divestment.html</a></div><div>
</div><div>no link</div><div>
</div><div>The recent decline in oil prices is a boon for consumers but a bust for oil companies. Collectively, profits of the four supermajors – Royal Dutch Shell PLC; Exxon Mobil Corp.; Chevron Corp.; and BP PLC – have plummeted 70 percent in the first nine months of 2015, according to the Wall Street Journal. Despite a “precipitous drop in profits this year,” the supermajors increased stock dividends 10 percent over 2014, disbursing approximately $28 billion to shareholders.</div><div>
</div><div>For the time being, that’s good news for investors unless the shareholders happen to be among the universities and religious members of the fossil-fuel divestment crowd. This group includes the always headline-grabbing college and university activists (10.9 percent), philanthropic foundations (31 percent) and faith-based organizations (25 percent). These figures are culled from the National Association of Scholars’ “Inside Divestment: The Illiberal Movement to Turn a Generation Against Fossil Fuels,” which was released this week. NAS is a New York City-based nonprofit dedicated to “the promotion and preservation of high academic standards in teaching and scholarship.” From the NAS Executive Summary:</div><div>
</div><div>The idea of fossil fuel divestment grew out of a college student campaign at Swarthmore College. 350.org, the main organization supporting divestment, emerged at Middlebury College. At least one student-run organization, the Fossil Fuel Divestment Student Network, supports divestment campaigns. But much of the organizational and intellectual framework comes from professional environmental activists and environmentalist organizations that train college students and put them forward as the face of the movement.</div><div>
</div><div>
</div><div>PowerBlog readers may recall our old friends at 350.org, which was founded by Bill McKibben about whom I’ve written at length and with whom I’ve personally engaged in this space. Interestingly, I claimed McKibben and his divestment posse hid behind the vestments of clergy, nuns and other religious in much the same manner NAS claims 350.org and other organizations enlist college students. It’s a clever yet disingenuous marketing ploy intended to indicate not only is God on the side of the divestment crowd by upping the “cute quotient” with nuns and such and young, attractive and passionate college students. The reality is divestment warriors are a well-organized and extremely well-funded professional effort.</div><div>
</div><div>The NAS report continues:</div><div>
</div><div>The superficial goals of the movement are to convince institutions to pull out of coal, oil, and gas investments. But the movement’s abiding purpose has been to pressure governments to favor wind, solar, and hydro power, and to make colleges and universities pressure cookers of sustainability. The sustainability movement, in turn, combines environmental extremism, global warming alarmism, opposition to modern industrial economies and market economics, an affinity for global regulation, and a distaste for representative government….</div><div>
</div><div>The fossil fuel divestment campaign is more than a foolish distraction from environmental conservation. It represents an affront to academic freedom and the purpose of higher education, and an assault on the heritage of American political theory. Advocates of fossil fuel divestment sidestep real debates about energy and environmental policy and scorn discourse as needless delay. The campaign smears opponents and bullies dissenters. It treats colleges and universities primarily as instruments of political activism and only secondarily, or even thirdly or fourthly, as places that exist to cultivate the character of an inquiring mind and to pursue truth.</div><div>
</div><div>If NAS issues such strong words against the harm rendered by divestment advocates in academia, one wonders how they would characterize the like-minded groups and individuals in the faith-based community who have thus far had a 15 percent larger role in the divestment movement. In addition, the NAS report states:</div><div>
</div><div>The fossil fuel divestment campaign also denies the merits of an American-style representative democracy. The central premise of the campaign is that the political system is so indissolubly wedded to the fossil fuel industry that government action on environmental policy is illegitimate. That premise casts anyone who disagrees with divestors as a mercenary of the fossil fuel industry and litters with political landmines the grounds for legitimate debate. It asserts that mob rule by street-marching activists is better than representative democracy, and that the tradition of civic debate is a hopeless waste of time.</div><div>
</div><div>To the obvious question about the negative economic impact on fossil-fuel investors from divestment, NAS reports (citing Bradford Cornell’s “The Divestment Penalty”):</div><div>
</div><div>Studies that examine 20 to 50 years of investment history find that divestment would shrink endowment returns. One study, looking back 20 years, estimated that if five American universities—Columbia, Harvard, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, New York University, and Yale—had divested 20 years ago, they would have forfeited about $195 million in investment returns every year. Over a 50-year period, these short-falls would reduce the endowment sizes by a weighted average of 12.07 percent. Harvard alone, by those estimates, would lose an average of $107.81 million each year by divesting fossil fuels.</div><div>
</div><div>It’s a shame, really. As noted by my friend and former co-worker Joy Pullman over at The Federalist:</div><div>
</div><div>The latest in centuries of proof that the Left deliberately targets and enlists young people in its efforts to revolutionize America comes from a huge report recently put out by the National Association of Scholars. It chronicles the seemingly overnight rise of the campus fossil-fuel divestment movement, which is a boring way of saying that leftist groups are stoking and channeling uninformed young people’s hatred of free markets and agitating them into demanding collectivism, most particularly on the campuses that produce American’s leaders of commerce and politics….</div><div>
</div><div>Given all the striking similarities between these political-academic agitators, people who want to counter their anti-free-speech and anti-deliberation tactics from obliterating public discourse should read the full report. This isn’t just a campus thing. The Left used similar tactics in, for example, Wisconsin, during the union protests that made Gov. Scott Walker a national figure.</div><div>
</div><div>We can expect more of this kind of agitprop, not just on college campuses, but in all of political and public discourse. If you’re used to having your Facebook discussions shut down by that one annoying and really rude guy (or gal) who wants to hurl invective rather than actually sift ideas, even just the short summaries of this report … will give you many aha! moments. Realizing that it’s a deliberate tactic, and understanding its particulars, is the first step towards overcoming it.</div><div>
</div><div>Just so. And religious activists represent 25 percent of the divestment movement. More’s the pity.</div><div>
</div><div>BRUCE EDWARD WALKER has more than 30 years’ writing and editing experience in a variety of publishing areas, including reference books, newspapers, magazines, media relations and corporate speeches. Much of this material involved research on water rights, land use, alternative-technology vehicles and other environmental issues, but Walker has also written extensively on nonscientific subjects, having produced six titles in Wiley Publishing’s CliffsNotes series, including study guides for "Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland" and "One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest." He has also authored more than 100 critical biographies of authors and musicians for Gale Research's Contemporary Literary Criticism and Contemporary Musicians reference-book series. Most recently, he was managing editor of The Heartland Institute's InfoTech & Telecom News. Prior to that, he was manager of communications for the Mackinac Center's Property Rights Network. He also served from 2006-2007 as editor of Michigan Science, a quarterly Mackinac Center publication. Walker has served as an adjunct professor of literature and academic writing at University of Detroit Mercy. For the past three years, he has authored a weekly column for the mid-Michigan Morning Sun newspaper. Walker holds a bachelor’s degree in English from Michigan State University. He is the father of two daughters and currently lives in Midland, Mich., with his wife Katherine.</div><div>
</div><div>POSTED IN Fossil Fuel Divestment, Shareholder Activism, Shareholder Proxy Resolutions</div><div>TAGGED 350.org, Disinvestment, Divestment, Fossil fuel, National Association of Scholars</div><div>
</div><div>
<div>heartlnd</div><div>Rachelle Peterson is director of research projects at the National Association of Scholars. Peterson is also a policy advisor for The Heartland Institute.Peterson is the author of a newly released study, <a href="https://www.nas.org/projects/divestment_report" style="text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.3s, background-color 0.3s;">Inside Divestment: The Illiberal Movement to Turn a Generation Against Fossil Fuels</a> (November 2015),which provides the first comprehensive account of the international campusmovement demanding disinvestment from fossil fuel companies. With Peter Wood she co-authored <a href="https://www.nas.org/projects/sustainability_report" style="text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.3s, background-color 0.3s;">Sustainability: Higher Education's New Fundamentalism</a> (March 2015), a top-to-bottom review of how sustainability and environmental studies are promulgated in American higher education.That report was widely covered, including in George F. Will’s <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/sustainability-gone-mad/2015/04/15/f4331bd2-e2da-11e4-905f-cc896d379a32_story.html" style="text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.3s, background-color 0.3s;">nationally syndicated column</a>, the <a href="http://www.wsj.com/articles/notable-quotable-1428099666" style="text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.3s, background-color 0.3s;">Wall Street Journal</a>, the <a href="http://nypost.com/2015/03/30/greens-gone-wild-on-college-campuses/" style="text-decoration-line: none; transition: color 0.3s, background-color 0.3s;">New York Post</a>, and elsewhere.Mrs. Peterson's research and commentary has been published in outlets such as the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, National Review Online, andCommentary magazine. She has discussed her research on the Wall Street Journal's Opinion Journal and on numerous radio shows.She graduated from The King's College (New York) with a degree in politics, philosophy, and economics. She and her husband Josiah reside in New York City. </div><div>
<div>Rachelle Peterson joined NAS in 2013 as a research associate analyzing the campus sustainability movement. She graduated from The King’s College in May 2013 with a bachelor’s degree in Politics, Philosophy, and Economics.</div><div></div><div>LI no ppl</div><div><div></div><div>Director of Research</div><div>Company NameNational Association of Scholars</div><div>Dates EmployedOct 2015 – Present  Employment Duration2 yrs 3 mos</div><div>• Lead research projects on higher education curriculum, culture, and policy for national network of faculty members dedicated to intellectual freedom, virtuous citizenship, and the liberal arts. </div><div>• Wrote 300-page study, Inside Divestment (November 2015), on fossil fuel divestment movement. </div><div>• Published 100+ articles in outlets such as Wall Street Journal, New York Times, Weekly Standard, Commentary. Media appearances include WSJ TV and national radio. </div><div>
</div><div> National Association of Scholars</div><div>Research Associate</div><div>Company NameNational Association of Scholars</div><div>Dates EmployedNov 2013 – Oct 2015  Employment Duration2 yrs</div><div>• Co-wrote with NAS president Peter Wood 260-page Sustainability: Higher Education’s New Fundamentalism (March 2015), the first comprehensive account of the campus sustainability movement.</div><div>
</div><div> National Association of Scholars</div><div>Research Intern and Assistant to the President</div><div>Company NameNational Association of Scholars</div><div>Dates EmployedMay 2013 – Nov 2013  Employment Duration7 mos</div><div>• Researched and wrote articles on American higher education; maintained and updated files and organized news clippings; drafted correspondence with members and donors; drafted grant applications.</div><div> The King's College (New York, NY)</div><div>Teaching Assistant</div><div>Company NameThe King's College (New York, NY)</div><div>Dates EmployedAug 2010 – May 2013  Employment Duration2 yrs 10 mos</div><div>LocationPolitics, Philosophy, and English Departments</div><div>• Helped design syllabus, including reading assignments, for new Intro to Politics course. </div><div>• Graded weekly homework and tutored students. </div><div>• Wrote literature review on new natural law. </div><div> Manhattan Institute</div><div>Research Intern</div><div>Company NameManhattan Institute</div><div>Dates EmployedMay 2012 – Apr 2013  Employment Duration1 yr</div><div>Location</div><div>
</div><div>Center for the American University</div><div>• Copyedited articles, posted news clippings, and maintained webpage for online magazine Minding the Campus. </div><div>• Assisted director of Adam Smith Society to launch free market MBA student society at seven institutions; helped write and develop initial website and student handbook. </div><div> The King's College (New York, NY)</div><div>Tutor</div><div>Company NameThe King's College (New York, NY)</div><div>Dates EmployedJan 2010 – May 2011  Employment Duration1 yr 5 mos</div><div>LocationEnglish, Calculus, Logic</div><div>• Individually tutored 5-10 students weekly in fundamentals of grammar and writing, calculus, and principles of logic.</div><div>See fewer positions</div><div>Education</div><div> The King's College</div><div>The King's College</div><div>Degree NameBA Field Of StudyPolitics, Philosophy, and Economics GradeValedictorian. Cumulative GPA: 3.98</div><div>Dates attended or expected graduation 2009 – 2013</div><div>
</div><div>Activities and Societies: Dean's List, The King's Debate Society, The House of Clara Barton, Interregnum Committee</div><div>Selected courses: Constitutional Law, Public Policy, American Political Thought & Practice, Political Economy, Economic Policy, Persuasive Writing, Logic, Plato, Ethics</div></div><div>
<div>Free speech requires regular enforcement. That’s why Claremont McKenna College’s decision to punish seven speech obstructers is—for the most part—worth celebrating.On April 6, 170 people marched to Claremont McKenna’s Athenaeum, disassembled a fence newly built to restrain protests and blocked the entrances. Claremont’s security officers failed to control the crowd. Manhattan Institute Senior Fellow Heather Mac Donald, scheduled to address a live audience regarding her book, “The War on Cops,” was forced to speak to a camera.Months later, Claremont <a href="https://www.cmc.edu/news/student-conduct-process-statement" target="blank" times="Times" new="New" roman="Roman" font-size="font-size" large="large">announced</a> it has identified twelve students as protest participants, of which it formally charged ten and punished seven. The college will suspend three students for one year, suspend two for one semester and place another two on “conduct probation.” A three-member panel determined the severity of discipline “based on the nature and degree of leadership in the blockade, the acknowledgment and acceptance of responsibility, and other factors.”Holding seven people responsible for the conduct of 170 seems to fall short of the ordinary standards of justice. But perhaps Claremont found the ringleaders.Still, the presence of any discipline at all marks a refreshing homage to the ideals of free speech and civility. Shortly after the event, College President Hiram Chodosh <a href="http://claremontindependent.com/cmc-president-promises-to-punish-policy-violators-in-wake-of-protest/" target="blank">acknowledged</a> protesters had engaged in behavior that “violates College policy” and promised they “will be held accountable”—words that on many colleges stand as mere parchment barriers to violence. National Association of Scholars President Peter Wood <a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/nas_president_peter_woods_letter_to_claremont_mckenna_college_president_cho" target="blank">wrote to</a> President Chodosh, urging him to take steps to protect free speech and show the Claremont community that such intolerance is inappropriate. Chodosh never responded, but congratulations to him for following through and enforcing the rules under his charge.Few of the recent campus outrages have resulted in accountability for the perpetrators. In February, at the University of California-Berkeley, a 1,500-person mob prevented Milo Yiannopoulos from speaking. Masked Molotov-cocktail throwing rioters assaulted bystanders, lit fireworks and smashed windows. <a href="http://news.berkeley.edu/2017/02/01/yiannopoulos-event-canceled/" target="blank">Berkeley officials</a> announced they “condemn in the strongest possible terms the violence and unlawful behavior,” and Chancellor Nicholas Dirks <a href="http://news.berkeley.edu/2017/01/26/chancellor-statement-on-yiannopoulos/" target="blank">vowed</a>, “We will not stand idly by while laws or university policies are violated, no matter who the perpetrators are.” But campus police arrested only one agitator that night. There have been no reports of students punished. (In April, when a Berkeley event featuring Ann Coulter was scheduled, then canceled, then reinstated, police did arrest five protesters and confiscate multiple weapons.)Middlebury College recently <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-right-way-to-protect-free-speech-on-campus-1497019583" target="blank">made a stunt</a> of handing out wrist slaps after students shut down a speech by Charles Murray, injured his interlocutor Middlebury professor Alison Stanger, and rocked Murray’s car as he attempted to leave. The college disciplined 67 students. The strongest punishment? A mark on students’ records. Some received even milder sentences, such as a disciplinary letter that would be removed from their records at semester’s end. All this President Laurie Patton hailed in the Wall Street Journal as “<a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-right-way-to-protect-free-speech-on-campus-1497019583" target="blank">The Right Way to Protect Free Speech on Campus</a>.”At the Claremont protests, some mob members were students of other colleges within the Claremont consortium. Claremont McKenna College says it has <a href="https://www.cmc.edu/news/student-conduct-process-statement" target="blank">referred evidence</a> of these students’ misbehavior to their respective deans. It remains to be seen whether they will respond with disciplinary measures.For the moment, Chodosh stands out as a president who has actually enforced some rules. In the wake of campus protests nationwide to which campus authorities repeatedly caved, power-hungry student activists have grown inebriated with the appearance of their victory over docile administrators. President Chodosh should be praised for standing against this tide.But we should also remember that Claremont McKenna’s attempts to keep order at Heather Mac Donald’s talk were feeble. It deployed a campus safety team supplemented with only two Claremont Police Department officers. They were overwhelmed within minutes. And the punishments fall short of strong deterrence. One suspended student, <a href="https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2017/07/18/claremont-mckenna-suspends-5-students-blocking-speech" target="blank">it is rumored</a>, may have graduated this spring. Why did Claremont wait until after graduation to issue suspensions? Why did it not turn to the other punishments authorized by the official <a href="http://catalog.claremontmckenna.edu/content.php?catoid=16&navoid=1417#sanctions" target="blank">Student Conduct Process</a>, such as fines?President Chodosh’s reaction immediately following the protests seemed to imply that shunting Mac Donald off to a camera was a successful backup plan: Because 250 people had managed to watch Mac Donald’s talk via live-stream, and many others have seen her talk since it was posted online, he <a href="http://claremontindependent.com/cmc-president-promises-to-punish-policy-violators-in-wake-of-protest/" target="blank">declared</a> that “the effort to silence her voice effectively amplified it to a much larger audience.”Perhaps Chodosh has now learned his lesson. Two years ago, when the college erupted in protests over race and inequality, he responded by capitulating to students’ demands. He declared the college a safe space and idly watched a dean endure harassment and then resign over allegations she was insensitive. At a moment when Black Lives Matter protesters nationwide were elbowing into college presidents’ offices for sit-ins, Chodosh actually <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/when-the-college-madness-came-to-my-campus-1447803551" target="blank">invited</a> protesters to camp out.Restraining rule-breaking students ought not to require special courage. The turmoil at Claremont and elsewhere was entirely avoidable. Colleges have been neglecting their basic responsibilities for a long time, trading intellectual diversity for political conformity. Is it any wonder that students now feel entitled to erupt in self-righteous anger at the first sign of real intellectual disagreement?Students who learned at orientation to respect intellectual differences would not grow violent at the sight of a speaker they disliked. Perhaps if fewer classes <a href="https://www.nas.org/projects/making_citizens_report" target="blank">extolled political activism</a> and championed instead the pursuit of truth, colleges would not need to call out the police. Administrators and professors should regularly defend—not merely declaim—the importance of intellectual freedom.So one-and-a-half cheers for Claremont McKenna College. President Chodosh’s newfound courage is a step in the right direction. May it be the first of many.Rachelle Peterson is director of research projects at the National Association of Scholars.<div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="38" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQFQgmKAAwAA"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.nas.org/authors/rachelle_peterson" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Rachelle Peterson - National Association of Scholars</a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv _SWb" style="height: 18px; line-height: 16px; white-space: nowrap;"><cite class="Rm" style="font-style: normal;">https://www.nas.org/authors/rachelle_peterson</cite><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 1px 3px 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="Fmb ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&oq=Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&aqs=chrome..69i57.1990j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#" id="am-b0" aria-label="Result details" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQ7B0IKDAA" style="border-radius: 0px; cursor: default; font-weight: bold; height: 12px; line-height: 27px; margin: 1px 0px 2px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: none; user-select: none; background-image: none; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 0px 0px 0px; filter: none; width: 13px; text-decoration-line: none; display: inline-block;"><span class="mn-dwn-arw" style="border-color: rgb(0, 102, 33) transparent; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px 4px 0px; width: 0px; height: 0px; margin-left: 3px; top: 7.5px; margin-top: -4px; position: absolute; left: 0px;" /></a><div class="action-menu-panel ab_dropdown" role="menu" tabindex="-1" jsaction="keydown:m.hdke;mouseover:m.hdhne;mouseout:m.hdhue" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQqR8IKTAA" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: auto; top: 12px; z-index: 3; transition: opacity 0.218s; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 4px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;"><ol style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><li class="action-menu-item ab_dropdownitem" role="menuitem" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; user-select: none; cursor: pointer;"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:TZP6DqOU1yAJ:https://www.nas.org/authors/rachelle_peterson+&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></li><li class="action-menu-item ab_dropdownitem" role="menuitem" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; user-select: none; cursor: pointer;"><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://www.nas.org/authors/rachelle_peterson+Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQHwgrMAA" style="text-decoration-line: none; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></li></ol></div></div></div><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://www.nas.org/authors/rachelle_peterson+Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQHwgrMAA" style="text-decoration-line: none; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;">Rachelle Peterson. Director of Research Projects, National Association of Scholars. Rachelle Petersoncan be reached at peterson@nas.org. Page 1 of 7 pages 1 2 3 > Last › ...</a></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="44" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQFQgsKAEwAQ"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.nas.org/about/staff_boards" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Staff & Boards | National Association of Scholars</a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv _SWb" style="height: 18px; line-height: 16px; white-space: nowrap;"><cite class="Rm" style="font-style: normal;">https://www.nas.org/about/staff_boards</cite><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 1px 3px 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="Fmb ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&oq=Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&aqs=chrome..69i57.1990j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#" id="am-b1" aria-label="Result details" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQ7B0ILjAB" style="border-radius: 0px; cursor: default; font-weight: bold; height: 12px; line-height: 27px; margin: 1px 0px 2px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: none; user-select: none; background-image: none; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 0px 0px 0px; filter: none; width: 13px; text-decoration-line: none; display: inline-block;"><span class="mn-dwn-arw" style="border-color: rgb(0, 102, 33) transparent; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px 4px 0px; width: 0px; height: 0px; margin-left: 3px; top: 7.5px; margin-top: -4px; position: absolute; left: 0px;" /></a><div class="action-menu-panel ab_dropdown" role="menu" tabindex="-1" jsaction="keydown:m.hdke;mouseover:m.hdhne;mouseout:m.hdhue" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQqR8ILzAB" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: auto; top: 12px; z-index: 3; transition: opacity 0.218s; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 4px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;"><ol style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><li class="action-menu-item ab_dropdownitem" role="menuitem" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; user-select: none; cursor: pointer;"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:sJG-yMA427UJ:https://www.nas.org/about/staff_boards+&cd=2&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></li><li class="action-menu-item ab_dropdownitem" role="menuitem" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; user-select: none; cursor: pointer;"><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://www.nas.org/about/staff_boards+Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQHwgxMAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></li></ol></div></div></div><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://www.nas.org/about/staff_boards+Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQHwgxMAE" style="text-decoration-line: none; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;">Rachelle Peterson Director of Research Projects peterson@nas.org. Rachelle Peterson joined NAS in 2013 as a research associate analyzing the campus sustainability movement. She graduated from The King's College in May 2013 with a bachelor's degree in Politics, Philosophy, and Economics. David Randall Director ...</a></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="50" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQFQgyKAIwAg"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/rachelle-peterson-7a885333" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Rachelle Peterson | Professional Profile - LinkedIn</a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv _SWb" style="height: 18px; line-height: 16px; white-space: nowrap;"><cite class="Rm" style="font-style: normal;">https://www.linkedin.com/in/rachelle-peterson-7a885333</cite><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 1px 3px 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="Fmb ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&oq=Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&aqs=chrome..69i57.1990j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#" id="am-b2" aria-label="Result details" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQ7B0INDAC" style="border-radius: 0px; cursor: default; font-weight: bold; height: 12px; line-height: 27px; margin: 1px 0px 2px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: none; user-select: none; background-image: none; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 0px 0px 0px; filter: none; width: 13px; text-decoration-line: none; display: inline-block;"><span class="mn-dwn-arw" style="border-color: rgb(0, 102, 33) transparent; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px 4px 0px; width: 0px; height: 0px; margin-left: 3px; top: 7.5px; margin-top: -4px; position: absolute; left: 0px;" /></a><div class="action-menu-panel ab_dropdown" role="menu" tabindex="-1" jsaction="keydown:m.hdke;mouseover:m.hdhne;mouseout:m.hdhue" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQqR8INTAC" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: auto; top: 12px; z-index: 3; transition: opacity 0.218s; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 4px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;"><ol style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><li class="action-menu-item ab_dropdownitem" role="menuitem" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; user-select: none; cursor: pointer;"><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://www.linkedin.com/in/rachelle-peterson-7a885333+Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQHwg2MAI" style="text-decoration-line: none; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="slp f"><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://www.linkedin.com/in/rachelle-peterson-7a885333+Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQHwg2MAI" style="text-decoration-line: none; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;">Greater New York City Area - ‎Director of Research - ‎National Association of Scholars</a></div><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://www.linkedin.com/in/rachelle-peterson-7a885333+Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQHwg2MAI" style="text-decoration-line: none; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;">Director of Research. National Association of Scholars. October 2015 – Present (2 years 3 months). • Lead research projects on higher education curriculum, culture, and policy for national network of faculty members dedicated to intellectual freedom, virtuous citizenship, and the liberal arts. • Wrote 300-page study, Inside ...</a></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="56" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQFQg4KAMwAw"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/author/rachelle-peterson/" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Rachelle Peterson – Foreign Policy</a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv _SWb" style="height: 18px; line-height: 16px; white-space: nowrap;"><cite class="Rm" style="font-style: normal;">https://foreignpolicy.com/author/rachelle-peterson/</cite><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 1px 3px 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="Fmb ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&oq=Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&aqs=chrome..69i57.1990j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#" id="am-b3" aria-label="Result details" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQ7B0IOjAD" style="border-radius: 0px; cursor: default; font-weight: bold; height: 12px; line-height: 27px; margin: 1px 0px 2px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: none; user-select: none; background-image: none; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 0px 0px 0px; filter: none; width: 13px; text-decoration-line: none; display: inline-block;"><span class="mn-dwn-arw" style="border-color: rgb(0, 102, 33) transparent; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px 4px 0px; width: 0px; height: 0px; margin-left: 3px; top: 7.5px; margin-top: -4px; position: absolute; left: 0px;" /></a><div class="action-menu-panel ab_dropdown" role="menu" tabindex="-1" jsaction="keydown:m.hdke;mouseover:m.hdhne;mouseout:m.hdhue" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQqR8IOzAD" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: auto; top: 12px; z-index: 3; transition: opacity 0.218s; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 4px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;"><ol style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><li class="action-menu-item ab_dropdownitem" role="menuitem" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; user-select: none; cursor: pointer;"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:e24o4QwwOg8J:https://foreignpolicy.com/author/rachelle-peterson/+&cd=4&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></li></ol></div></div></div><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:e24o4QwwOg8J:https://foreignpolicy.com/author/rachelle-peterson/+&cd=4&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;">American Universities Are Welcoming China's Trojan Horse · Argument |. Rachelle Peterson. May 9, 2017, 9:00 AM. Load more by Rachelle Peterson | Return to staff list ...</a></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="61" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQFQg9KAQwBA"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://pjmedia.com/columnist/rachelle-peterson/" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Rachelle Peterson - PJ Media</a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv _SWb" style="height: 18px; line-height: 16px; white-space: nowrap;"><cite class="Rm" style="font-style: normal;">https://pjmedia.com/columnist/rachelle-peterson/</cite><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 1px 3px 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="Fmb ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&oq=Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&aqs=chrome..69i57.1990j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#" id="am-b4" aria-label="Result details" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQ7B0IPzAE" style="border-radius: 0px; cursor: default; font-weight: bold; height: 12px; line-height: 27px; margin: 1px 0px 2px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: none; user-select: none; background-image: none; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 0px 0px 0px; filter: none; width: 13px; text-decoration-line: none; display: inline-block;"><span class="mn-dwn-arw" style="border-color: rgb(0, 102, 33) transparent; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px 4px 0px; width: 0px; height: 0px; margin-left: 3px; top: 7.5px; margin-top: -4px; position: absolute; left: 0px;" /></a><div class="action-menu-panel ab_dropdown" role="menu" tabindex="-1" jsaction="keydown:m.hdke;mouseover:m.hdhne;mouseout:m.hdhue" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQqR8IQDAE" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: auto; top: 12px; z-index: 3; transition: opacity 0.218s; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 4px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;"><ol style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><li class="action-menu-item ab_dropdownitem" role="menuitem" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; user-select: none; cursor: pointer;"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:zbEsXaZm8KkJ:https://pjmedia.com/columnist/rachelle-peterson/+&cd=5&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></li></ol></div></div></div><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:zbEsXaZm8KkJ:https://pjmedia.com/columnist/rachelle-peterson/+&cd=5&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;">Rachelle Peterson is director of research projects at the National Association of Scholars, and the co-author of Sustainability: Higher Education's New Fundamentalism. WRITTEN BY Rachelle Peterson. Dead: Fossil Fuel Divestment. Trending · DEAD: Fossil Fuel Divestment ...gone the way of the dinosaurs whose relics ...</a></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="66" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQFQhCKAUwBQ"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.heartland.org/about-us/who-we-are/rachelle-peterson" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Who We Are - Rachelle Peterson | Heartland Institute</a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv _SWb" style="height: 18px; line-height: 16px; white-space: nowrap;"><cite class="Rm" style="font-style: normal;">https://www.heartland.org/about-us/who-we-are/rachelle-peterson</cite><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 1px 3px 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="Fmb ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&oq=Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&aqs=chrome..69i57.1990j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#" id="am-b5" aria-label="Result details" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQ7B0IRDAF" style="border-radius: 0px; cursor: default; font-weight: bold; height: 12px; line-height: 27px; margin: 1px 0px 2px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: none; user-select: none; background-image: none; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 0px 0px 0px; filter: none; width: 13px; text-decoration-line: none; display: inline-block;"><span class="mn-dwn-arw" style="border-color: rgb(0, 102, 33) transparent; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px 4px 0px; width: 0px; height: 0px; margin-left: 3px; top: 7.5px; margin-top: -4px; position: absolute; left: 0px;" /></a><div class="action-menu-panel ab_dropdown" role="menu" tabindex="-1" jsaction="keydown:m.hdke;mouseover:m.hdhne;mouseout:m.hdhue" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQqR8IRTAF" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: auto; top: 12px; z-index: 3; transition: opacity 0.218s; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 4px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;"><ol style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><li class="action-menu-item ab_dropdownitem" role="menuitem" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; user-select: none; cursor: pointer;"><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:2hhIaaR_PBYJ:https://www.heartland.org/about-us/who-we-are/rachelle-peterson+&cd=6&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></li></ol></div></div></div><a class="fl" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:2hhIaaR_PBYJ:https://www.heartland.org/about-us/who-we-are/rachelle-peterson+&cd=6&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;">Rachelle Peterson is director of research projects at the National Association of Scholars. Peterson is also a policy advisor for The Heartland Institute. Peterson is the author of a newly released study, Inside Divestment: The Illiberal Movement to Turn a Generation Against Fossil Fuels (November 2015), which provides the ...</a></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="71" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQFQhHKAYwBg"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://www.claremont.org/crb/contributor-list/2001/" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Rachelle Peterson - The Claremont Institute</a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv _SWb" style="height: 18px; line-height: 16px; white-space: nowrap;"><cite class="Rm" style="font-style: normal;">www.claremont.org/crb/contributor-list/2001/</cite><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 1px 3px 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="Fmb ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&oq=Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&aqs=chrome..69i57.1990j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#" id="am-b6" aria-label="Result details" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQ7B0ISTAG" style="border-radius: 0px; cursor: default; font-weight: bold; height: 12px; line-height: 27px; margin: 1px 0px 2px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: none; user-select: none; background-image: none; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 0px 0px 0px; filter: none; width: 13px; text-decoration-line: none; display: inline-block;"><span class="mn-dwn-arw" style="border-color: rgb(0, 102, 33) transparent; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px 4px 0px; width: 0px; height: 0px; margin-left: 3px; top: 7.5px; margin-top: -4px; position: absolute; left: 0px;" /></a><div class="action-menu-panel ab_dropdown" role="menu" tabindex="-1" jsaction="keydown:m.hdke;mouseover:m.hdhne;mouseout:m.hdhue" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQqR8ISjAG" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: auto; top: 12px; z-index: 3; transition: opacity 0.218s; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 4px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;"><ol style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><li class="action-menu-item ab_dropdownitem" role="menuitem" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; user-select: none; cursor: pointer;"><a class="fl" href="http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:Bb_iI4kl5xYJ:www.claremont.org/crb/contributor-list/2001/+&cd=7&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></li></ol></div></div></div><a class="fl" href="http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:Bb_iI4kl5xYJ:www.claremont.org/crb/contributor-list/2001/+&cd=7&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;">Aug 2, 2016 - Search Result : 1 items. Rachelle Peterson. Rachelle Peterson is the Director of Research Projects at the National Association of Scholars. Articles found on this site: ...</a></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="77" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQtgIITSgHMAc"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DR3mP2SZbdU" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Rachelle Peterson: Divestment Politicizes Universities - YouTube</a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div><div class="th _lyb _YQd" style="border: 1px solid rgb(235, 235, 235); background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); float: left; overflow: hidden; margin-top: 4px; position: relative; height: 65px; width: 116px;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DR3mP2SZbdU" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQuAIITzAH" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><g-img class="ygd" style="display: block; position: absolute;"><img id="vidthumb8" src="data:image/jpeg;base64,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" class="WCg" height="87" width="116" alt="Video for Rachelle Peterson is director of research projects at the National Association of Scholars" style="display: block; 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display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;">Nov 17, 2015 - Uploaded by National Association of Scholars</a></div><a class="fl" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=related:https://www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv%3DDR3mP2SZbdU+Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&tbo=1&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQHwhSMAc" style="text-decoration-line: none; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;">Director of Research Projects at the National Association of Scholars Rachelle Peterson discusses how ...</a></div><div style="clear: left;"><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 26px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="83" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQFQhTKAgwCA"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://www.mindingthecampus.org/author/rdejong/" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Rachelle Peterson | Minding The Campus</a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; 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display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;">All posts by Rachelle Peterson. Rachelle Peterson is a research associate at the National Association of Scholars. ..... When in 1995 Thaler arrived at the University of Chicago as director of the Center for Decision Research, Nobel Prize-winning economist Merton Miller shunned conversation. But Sunstein, then the Karl N.</a></div></div></div></div><div class="g" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 28px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><div data-hveid="89" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQFQhZKAkwCQ"><div class="rc" style="position: relative;"><h3 class="r" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="http://inthenameofconfuciusmovie.com/tag/rachelle-peterson/" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Rachelle Peterson | In the Name of Confucius</a></h3><div class="s" style="max-width: 48em; line-height: 18px;"><div class="f kv _SWb" style="height: 18px; line-height: 16px; white-space: nowrap;"><cite class="Rm" style="font-style: normal;">inthenameofconfuciusmovie.com/tag/rachelle-peterson/</cite><div class="action-menu ab_ctl" style="display: inline; position: relative; margin: 1px 3px 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="_Fmb ab_button" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&oq=Rachelle+Peterson+is+director+of+research+projects+at+the+National+Association+of+Scholars&aqs=chrome..69i57.1990j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#" id="am-b9" aria-label="Result details" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button" jsaction="m.tdd;keydown:m.hbke;keypress:m.mskpe" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQ7B0IWzAJ" style="border-radius: 0px; cursor: default; font-weight: bold; height: 12px; line-height: 27px; margin: 1px 0px 2px; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: none; user-select: none; background-image: none; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 0px 0px 0px; filter: none; width: 13px; text-decoration-line: none; display: inline-block;"><span class="mn-dwn-arw" style="border-color: rgb(0, 102, 33) transparent; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px 4px 0px; width: 0px; height: 0px; margin-left: 3px; top: 7.5px; margin-top: -4px; position: absolute; left: 0px;" /></a><div class="action-menu-panel ab_dropdown" role="menu" tabindex="-1" jsaction="keydown:m.hdke;mouseover:m.hdhne;mouseout:m.hdhue" data-ved="0ahUKEwjf2vDTjrXYAhXJ7iYKHXHaAfAQqR8IXDAJ" style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: auto; top: 12px; z-index: 3; transition: opacity 0.218s; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 4px; left: 0px; visibility: hidden;"><ol style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;"><li class="action-menu-item ab_dropdownitem" role="menuitem" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; list-style: none; user-select: none; cursor: pointer;"><a class="fl" href="http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:6divdYZBwgMJ:inthenameofconfuciusmovie.com/tag/rachelle-peterson/+&cd=10&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;" /></li></ol></div></div></div><a class="fl" href="http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:6divdYZBwgMJ:inthenameofconfuciusmovie.com/tag/rachelle-peterson/+&cd=10&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;">... The Curtain On Communist China's Global Soft Power Outposts — The Federalist. April 26, 2017 doris 0. Riveting… Everyone who cares about freedom of speech, international politics, or China should watch the film. ~ Rachelle Peterson, Director of Research Projects, National Association of Scholars (NAS) “In the Name ...</a></div></div></div></div><a class="fl" href="http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:6divdYZBwgMJ:inthenameofconfuciusmovie.com/tag/rachelle-peterson/+&cd=10&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us" style="text-decoration-line: none; display: block; padding: 7px 18px; outline: 0px;"></a><a href="https://www.nas.org/articles/will_the_other_claremont_colleges_defend_free_speech" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none;">https://www.nas.org/articles/will_the_other_claremont_colleges_defend_free_speech</a>A version of Rachelle Peterson's article originally appeared on <a href="https://www.campusreform.org/?ID=9565" style="text-decoration-line: none; font-weight: bold; outline: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px;">Campus Reform</a>. The full article is below.</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>