Braun, C Mosely

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</div><div>===</div><div>Carol Elizabeth Moseley Braun, also sometimes Moseley-Braun<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-1">[1]</a> (born August 16, 1947), is a former U.S. Senator, an American diplomat, politician, and lawyer who represented <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a> from 1993 to 1999. Prior to her Senate tenure, Moseley Braun was a member of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinois_House_of_Representatives" title="Illinois House of Representatives">Illinois House of Representatives</a> from 1979 to 1988 and served as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cook_County_Recorder_of_Deeds" title="Cook County Recorder of Deeds">Cook County Recorder of Deeds</a> from 1988 to 1992. She was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1992 after defeating Senator <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Dixon" class="mw-redirect" title="Alan Dixon">Alan Dixon</a> in a Democratic primary. Moseley Braun served one term in the Senate and was defeated by Republican <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Fitzgerald_(senator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter Fitzgerald (senator)">Peter Fitzgerald</a> in 1998.

Following her Senate tenure, Moseley Braun served as the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to New Zealand">United States Ambassador to New Zealand</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</a> from 1999 to 2001. She was a candidate for the Democratic nomination in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_U.S.presidential_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2004 U.S. presidential election">2004 U.S. presidential election</a>; she withdrew from the race prior to the Iowa caucuses. In November 2010, Moseley Braun began a campaign for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayor_of_Chicago" title="Mayor of Chicago">mayor of Chicago</a> to replace retiring incumbent <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_M.Daley" title="Richard M. Daley">Richard M. Daley</a>. She placed fourth in a field of six candidates, losing <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Chicago_mayoral_election" title="2011 Chicago mayoral election">the February 2011 election</a> to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rahm_Emanuel" title="Rahm Emanuel">Rahm Emanuel</a>.

Moseley Braun was the first <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African-American" class="mw-redirect" title="African-American">African-American</a>

woman elected to the U.S. Senate, the first African-American U.S.

Senator from the Democratic Party, the first woman to defeat an

incumbent U.S. Senator in an election, and the first <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_the_United_States_Senate#List_of_female_U.S._Senators" title="Women in the United States Senate">female U.S. Senator</a> from Illinois.

<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" dir="ltr" lang="en"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox" /></div>

<ul><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#Early_life,education,family,and_early_career">1 Early life, education, family, and early career</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#Early_political_career">2 Early political career</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#U.S.Senator_from_Illinois">3 U.S. Senator from Illinois</a>

<ul><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#Elections">3.1 Elections</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#Tenure">3.2 Tenure</a></li></ul>

</li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#U.S._Ambassador_to_New_Zealand_and_Samoa">4 U.S. Ambassador to New Zealand and Samoa</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#Later_political_involvement">5 Later political involvement</a>

<ul><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#2004_presidential_campaign">5.1 2004 presidential campaign</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#2011_campaign_for_Mayor_of_Chicago">5.2 2011 campaign for Mayor of Chicago</a></li><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#Subsequent_activities">5.3 Subsequent activities</a></li></ul>

</li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#Work_outside_politics">6 Work outside politics</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#Personal_life">7 Personal life</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#Electoral_history">8 Electoral history</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#See_also">9 See also</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#References">10 References</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#Further_reading">11 Further reading</a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#External_links">12 External links</a></li></ul>

</div>

<h2>Early life, education, family, and early career</h2>Carol Elizabeth Moseley was born in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>.

She attended public and parochial schools. She attended Ruggles School

for elementary school, and she attended Parker High School (now the site

of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Robeson_High_School(Chicago,Illinois)" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Robeson High School (Chicago, Illinois)">Paul Robeson High School</a>) in Chicago.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-Tribprofile1980-3">[3]</a>

Her father, Joseph J. Moseley, was a Chicago police officer and jail

guard and her mother, Edna A. (Davie), was a medical technician in a

hospital. Both her parents were <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a>, and Mosley was raised in the faith.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-Levinsohn-4">[4]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-5">[5]</a>

The family lived in a segregated middle-class neighborhood in the

South Side of Chicago. Her parents divorced when she was in her teens,

and she lived with her grandmother.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-EWB-6">[6]</a>

Moseley began her undergraduate studies at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Illinois_at_Urbana%E2%80%93Champaign" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign">University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign</a>, but dropped out after four months.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-Tribprofile1980-3">[3]</a> She then majored in political science at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Illinois_at_Chicago" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Illinois at Chicago">University of Illinois at Chicago</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-7">[7]</a> graduating in 1969. Moseley earned a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">Juris Doctor</a> degree from the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a> Law School in 1972.

In 1973, Moseley married Michael Braun, whom she had met in law school.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-Levinsohn-4">[4]</a> The couple had one son, Matthew, in 1977. Their marriage ended in divorce in 1986.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-Nordgren-8">[8]</a>

Moseley Braun was a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosecutor" title="Prosecutor">prosecutor</a> in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Attorney" title="United States Attorney">United States Attorney</a>'s

office in Chicago from 1973 to 1977. An Assistant United States

Attorney, she worked primarily in the civil and appellate law areas.

Her work in housing, health policy, and environmental law won her the

Attorney General's Special Achievement Award.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-9">[9]</a>

<h2>Early political career</h2>Moseley Braun was first elected to public office in 1978, when she was elected to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinois_House_of_Representatives" title="Illinois House of Representatives">Illinois House of Representatives</a>. She became the first African-American woman to serve as assistant majority leader in that body.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-auto1-10">[10]</a> As a state representative, she became recognized as a champion for liberal social causes.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-Nordgren-8">[8]</a>

As early as 1984, she proposed a moratorium on the application in

Illinois of the death penalty. In what became a landmark reapportionment

case, Crosby v. State Board of Elections, she successfully sued

her own party and the state of Illinois on behalf of African-American

and Hispanic citizens. When she left the state legislature, her

colleagues recognized her in a resolution as "the conscience of the

House."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-11">[11]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1988_Cook_County,_Illinois_elections#Recorder_of_Deeds" title="1988 Cook County, Illinois elections">In 1988</a>, she was elected <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cook_County_Recorder_of_Deeds" title="Cook County Recorder of Deeds">Cook County Recorder of Deeds</a>, a post she held for four years.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-auto1-10">[10]</a>

<h2>U.S. Senator from Illinois</h2><h3>Elections</h3><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;">
</div><div class="thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><div class="thumbcaption">U.S. Senator Moseley Braun</div></div></div>

In 1992, angered by incumbent Democratic senator <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Dixon" class="mw-redirect" title="Alan Dixon">Alan Dixon</a>'s vote to confirm <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Thomas" title="Clarence Thomas">Clarence Thomas</a>,

Moseley Braun challenged Dixon in the primary election for U.S. Senate.

She was backed by the political coalition from the Hyde Park

neighborhood of Chicago that had previously backed the campaigns of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Washington" title="Harold Washington">Harold Washington</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesse_Jackson" title="Jesse Jackson">Jesse Jackson</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-13">[13]</a> Democratic candidate Albert Hofeld's campaign ran many anti-Dixon ads, and Moseley Braun won the Democratic primary.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-14">[14]</a> On November 3, 1992, Moseley Braun became the first African-American woman to be elected to the United States Senate,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-auto1-10">[10]</a> defeating Republican <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_S._Williamson" title="Richard S. Williamson">Richard S. Williamson</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-15">[15]</a>

Her election marked the first time Illinois had elected a woman to the

U.S. Senate and the first time an African American was elected as a

Democrat to the U.S. Senate.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-auto-16">[16]</a>

Moseley Braun was a one-term Senator, losing to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Party(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Fitzgerald(senator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter Fitzgerald (senator)">Peter Fitzgerald</a> in her <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate_election_in_Illinois,_1998" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate election in Illinois, 1998">re-election bid in 1998</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-17">[17]</a>

<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;">
</div></div><div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><div class="thumbcaption">Female Senators of the Democratic Party, 1993. Top row (L-R): Sen. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patty_Murray" title="Patty Murray">Patty Murray</a> (D-WA), Sen. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">Barbara Mikulski</a> (D-MD), Sen. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara_Boxer" title="Barbara Boxer">Barbara Boxer</a> (D-CA) Bottom row: Sen. Carol Moseley Braun (D-IL), Sen. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dianne_Feinstein" title="Dianne Feinstein">Dianne Feinstein</a> (D-CA)</div></div></div>

<h3>Tenure</h3>Moseley Braun is the first African-American woman to serve in the U.S. Senate.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-auto2-19">[19]</a> Along with Republican <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Brooke" title="Edward Brooke">Edward Brooke</a>, she was one of two African Americans to serve in the Senate in the 20th century.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-20">[20]</a> Moseley Braun was the sole African American in the Senate during her tenure.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-auto2-19">[19]</a> She was also the first woman to serve on the Senate Finance Committee.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-21">[21]</a>

Despite her reputation as a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberalism_in_the_United_States" title="Liberalism in the United States">liberal Democrat</a>,

Moseley Braun possessed something of a centrist record on economic

issues. She voted for the 1993 budget package and against the welfare

reform laws passed in 1996, but on many other matters she was more

conservative. Moseley Braun voted in favor of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="North American Free Trade Agreement">North American Free Trade Agreement</a> (NAFTA) and lawsuit reform measures like the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_Securities_Litigation_Reform_Act" title="Private Securities Litigation Reform Act">Private Securities Litigation Reform Act</a>

(she was also among the minority of Democrats to support the even more

controversial Common Sense Product Liability and Legal Reform Act of

1995). She also voted contrary to the interests of the more <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Populism" title="Populism">populist</a> wing of the party by voting for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_to_Farm_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Freedom to Farm Act">Freedom to Farm Act</a> and the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications_Act_1997" title="Telecommunications Act 1997">Telecommunications Act</a> of 1996. Like her Illinois colleague, fellow <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrat</a> Paul Simon, she voted in favor of a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balanced_Budget_Amendment" class="mw-redirect" title="Balanced Budget Amendment">Balanced Budget Amendment</a> to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Constitution">United States Constitution</a>.

Moseley Braun also voted to place a nuclear spent fuel storage facility

in Nevada; this move was strongly opposed by many Democrats, especially

future <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majority_Leader" class="mw-redirect" title="Majority Leader">Majority Leader</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Reid" title="Harry Reid">Harry Reid</a>.[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]

On social issues, however, Moseley Braun was significantly more liberal than many of her fellow senators. She was strongly <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro-choice" class="mw-redirect" title="Pro-choice">pro-choice</a>, voting against the ban on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partial-birth_abortions" class="mw-redirect" title="Partial-birth abortions">partial-birth abortions</a> and the restrictions on funding in military bases for abortions. She also voted against the death penalty and in favor of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gun_control" title="Gun control">gun control</a> measures. Moseley Braun was one of only sixteen senators to vote against the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communications_Decency_Act" title="Communications Decency Act">Communications Decency Act</a> and one of only fourteen to vote against the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defense_of_Marriage_Act" title="Defense of Marriage Act">Defense of Marriage Act</a>. She delivered a eulogy for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thurgood_Marshall" title="Thurgood Marshall">Thurgood Marshall</a> in January 1993.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-22">[22]</a>

Moseley Braun was the subject of a 1993 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission">Federal Election Commission</a>

investigation over $249,000 in unaccounted-for campaign funds. The

agency found some small violations, but took no action against Moseley

Braun, citing a lack of resources. Moseley Braun only admitted to

bookkeeping errors. The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Justice Department</a> turned down two requests for investigations from the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_Revenue_Service" title="Internal Revenue Service">IRS</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-Braun_Koerner_Slate-23">[23]</a>

Women were not allowed to wear pants on the U.S. Senate floor until 1993.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-chicagotribune2004-24">[24]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-rollcall1-25">[25]</a> In 1993, Senators Moseley Braun and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">Barbara Mikulski</a>

wore pants onto the floor in defiance of the rule. Soon after, female

support staff followed their example. Later that year, the rule was

amended by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergeant_at_Arms_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Sergeant at Arms of the United States Senate">Senate Sergeant-at-Arms</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Pope" class="mw-redirect" title="Martha Pope">Martha Pope</a> to allow women to wear pants on the floor so long as they also wore jackets.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-chicagotribune2004-24">[24]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-rollcall1-25">[25]</a>

In 1993, Moseley Braun made headlines when she convinced the Senate Judiciary Committee not to renew a design patent for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Daughters_of_the_Confederacy" title="United Daughters of the Confederacy">United Daughters of the Confederacy</a> because it contained the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederate_flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Confederate flag">Confederate flag</a>.

The patent had been routinely renewed for nearly a century, and despite

the Judiciary Committee's disapproval, the Senate was poised to pass a

resolution sponsored by Senator Jesse Helms of North Carolina that

included a provision to authorize the extension of the federal patent.

Moseley Braun threatened to filibuster the legislation "until this room

freezes over." She also made a plea to her colleagues about the

symbolism of the Confederate flag, declaring, "It has no place in our

modern times, place in this body, place in our society".<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-26">[26]</a> Swayed by Moseley Braun's argument, the Senate rejected the UDC's application to renew its patent.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-27">[27]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-28">[28]</a>

In 1996, Moseley Braun made a private trip to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a>, where she met with dictator <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sani_Abacha" title="Sani Abacha">Sani Abacha</a>. Despite U.S. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_sanctions" title="International sanctions">sanctions</a> against that country due to Abacha's actions, the Senator neither notified nor registered her trip with the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="State Department">State Department</a>. She subsequently defended Abacha's human rights record in Congress.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-Braun_Ruden_NPR-29">[29]</a> Her former fiancé Kgosie Matthews, who also served on her campaign staff in violation of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Immigration to the United States">U.S. immigration</a> regulations,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-30">[30]</a> had been a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobbyist" class="mw-redirect" title="Lobbyist">lobbyist</a>

for the Nigerian government; Matthews would later leave the country.

She paid Matthews, a native of South Africa, a salary of $15,000 a month

during the campaign.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-31">[31]</a>

In 1998, after <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Will" title="George Will">George Will</a> wrote a column reviewing the allegations of corruption against her,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-32">[32]</a> Moseley Braun responded to Will's comments, saying that "I think because he couldn't say nigger, he said corrupt".<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-Braun_Will_CNN-33">[33]</a> She also compared Will to a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan" title="Ku Klux Klan">Ku Klux Klansman</a>,

saying: "I mean this very sincerely from the bottom of my heart: He can

take his hood and put it back on again, as far as I'm concerned".<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-34">[34]</a> Later, Moseley Braun apologized for her remarks.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-Braun_Will_CNN-33">[33]</a>

<h2>U.S. Ambassador to New Zealand and Samoa</h2>On October 8, 1999,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-35">[35]</a> President Clinton nominated Moseley Braun to be the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to New Zealand">United States Ambassador to New Zealand</a> and Samoa. Although her nomination ran into token opposition from her old adversary, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesse_Helms" title="Jesse Helms">Jesse Helms</a>, and from the senator who defeated her, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Fitzgerald(politician)" title="Peter Fitzgerald (politician)">Peter Fitzgerald</a>, the Senate confirmed her on November 10, 1999, in a 96–2 vote.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-36">[36]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-37">[37]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-38">[38]</a> She served in that capacity until 2001.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-39">[39]</a>

<h2>Later political involvement</h2>Analysts had speculated that Moseley Braun was preparing for a potential run to reclaim her former Senate seat in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_United_States_Senate_election_in_Illinois" title="2004 United States Senate election in Illinois">2004 United States Senate election in Illinois</a>. However, in January 2003, Braun decided against running for the U.S. Senate again.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-40">[40]</a>

<h3>2004 presidential campaign</h3><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2004 Democratic Party presidential primaries">2004 Democratic Party presidential primaries</a></div>

<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Carol_2004(1).png" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Carol_2004%281%29.png/220px-Carol_2004_%281%29.png" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="907" data-file-height="208" width="220" height="50" /></a> </div></div><div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><div class="thumbcaption">Moseley Braun campaign logo</div></div></div>

<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:152px;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Carol_Moseley_Braun(cropped).jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Carol_Moseley_Braun%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Carol_Moseley_Braun_%28cropped%29.jpg" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="909" data-file-height="899" width="150" height="148" /></a> </div></div><div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:152px;"><div class="thumbcaption">Moseley Braun campaigning in Iowa</div></div></div>

Moseley Braun announced her intention to run for the Democratic Party <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">presidential</a>

nomination in a February 18, 2003 speech at the University of Chicago

Law School, launching an exploratory committee for the presidency.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-41">[41]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-42">[42]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-43">[43]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-44">[44]</a>

She had, in the days leading up to this announcement, made her first

campaign-season visits to the early primary and caucus states of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a>, and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-45">[45]</a> In her announcement speech Moseley Braun declared, "It's time to take the 'men only' sign off the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> door."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-Mihalopoulos-46">[46]</a>

When asked about her prospects of winning at the launch of her

exploratory committee, Moseley Braun declared ""I have every hope and

every expectation that this will be a successful effort. I'm running for

president. I'm not running just to be another pretty face."<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-Mihalopoulos-46">[46]</a>

Many, however, regarded her campaign to be a long shot, with many also

regarding it as more of a vanity campaign then a serious effort for the

presidency.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-basu-47">[47]</a> Some speculation even existed that she was running to siphon black voters away from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Sharpton" title="Al Sharpton">Al Sharpton</a>'s candidacy.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-basu-47">[47]</a>

Other speculation existed that she was running in an effort to redeem

her image after her scandals as a senator and 1998 reelection defeat.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-Mihalopoulos-46">[46]</a>

After her exploratory phase, Braun formally launched her candidacy on September 23, 2003.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-lee1-48">[48]</a>

Moseley Braun's campaign operation was based in Chicago and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, before being consolidated to a headquarters in Chicago.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-consolidates-49">[49]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-slater1-50">[50]</a>

Moseley Braun was the only significant female candidate running in the 2004 Democratic Party presidential primaries.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-51">[51]</a>

Moseley Braun made support for implementing a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-payer_healthcare" title="Single-payer healthcare">single-payer healthcare</a> system a signature issue of her candidacy.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-lee1-48">[48]</a> Moseley Braun also raised concerns about the rising national budget deficit.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-Mihalopoulos-46">[46]</a> Braun ran in general opposition to the measures implemented by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_George_W._Bush" title="Presidency of George W. Bush">Bush administration</a> in the aftermath of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9/11" class="mw-redirect" title="9/11">9/11</a>,

arguing that their policies were exploiting Americans' fear after the

attacks to put in place "an extreme agenda, dangerous and divisive" and

to take away <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_liberties" title="Civil liberties">civil liberties</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-slater1-50">[50]</a> She was particularly critical of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_attorney_general" class="mw-redirect" title="United States attorney general">United States attorney general</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ashcroft" title="John Ashcroft">John Ashcroft</a>'s expansion law enforcement powers.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-slater1-50">[50]</a> When she launched her exploratory campaign, she positioned herself in opposition to a potential war with the country of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-Mihalopoulos-46">[46]</a> which would ultimately materialize months later as the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a>. After that war began, she would criticize president <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> for how he proceeding in going to war with what she considers disregard for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>, and would criticize the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> for "abdicating its constitutional role" in allowing Bush to go to war.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-slater1-50">[50]</a>

By July, Braun had failed to release any detailed policy papers.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-slater1-50">[50]</a> Eric Slater of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a> wrote that, during the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_Democratic_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2004 Democratic Party presidential debates and forums">debates and forums</a>, rather than focusing on policy, Moseley Braun largely partook in jockeying against candidates such as Sharpton and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Dean" title="Howard Dean">Howard Dean</a> to appear like the candidate who stood in greatest contrast to incumbent Republican George W. Bush.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-slater1-50">[50]</a>

Moseley Braun's campaign strategy had placed an emphasis on hopes of performing well in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_South_Carolina_Democratic_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="2004 South Carolina Democratic primary">the South Carolina primary</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-52">[52]</a>

With that primary's traditionally sizable black electorate, it was seen

to be a likely test of black enthusiasm for her candidacy. Moseley

Braun was one of only two major black contenders for the Democratic

nomination in 2004 (the other being Al Sharpton).<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-Davenport-53">[53]</a>

Moseley Braun's campaign would ultimately end up focusing their efforts

on the African-American and female vote, which they regarded to be her

base of support.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-basu-47">[47]</a>

Moseley Braun's campaign struggled to raise funds. In the first

three months of 2003, she raised only $72,450 for her candidacy, less

than any other notable contenders in the Democratic primary.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-consolidates-49">[49]</a> As a consequence, she had very few professional campaign staffers.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-54">[54]</a>

Her campaign was instead largely run by a small number of volunteers.

It took until July 1, 2003, for her campaign to hire a formal <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campaign_manager" title="Campaign manager">campaign manager</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-slater1-50">[50]</a>

As the race developed, she continued to trail the other candidates in

terms of fundraising. By July 2003, she had only raised $214,000,

continuting to be last of the nine major Democratic contenders in terms

of fundraising.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-Davenport-53">[53]</a> By November 2003, she had only raised $342,518.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-basu-47">[47]</a> In total, her campaign would ultimately raise just under $600,000.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-55">[55]</a>

In mid-November 2003, Moseley Braun hired <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patricia_Ireland" title="Patricia Ireland">Patricia Ireland</a> to serve as her campaign's new manager.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-56">[56]</a>

Moseley Braun never performed higher than single-digit numbers in polls for the primaries.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-willleaverace1-57">[57]</a>

Moseley Braun failed to qualify for the ballot in a number of the scheduled state primaries and caucuses.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-willleaverace1-57">[57]</a>

On January 15, 2004, two days after a disappointing third place showing in the D.C. primary<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-58">[58]</a> and four days before the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa_Democratic_caucuses,_2004" class="mw-redirect" title="Iowa Democratic caucuses, 2004">Iowa caucuses</a>, Moseley Braun dropped out of the race and endorsed <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Dean_2004_presidential_campaign" title="Howard Dean 2004 presidential campaign">Howard Dean's candidacy</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-59">[59]</a>

Shortly before Moseley Braun withdrew, her own campaign manager,

Patricia Ireland, had publicly conceded that she no longer believed

Moseley Braun stood any chance of capturing the Democratic nomination.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-fournier15jan-60">[60]</a> Upon her departure from the race, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ron_Fournier" title="Ron Fournier">Ron Fournier</a> of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>

wrote that, "she leaves the race after having made no impact on it,

except for some bright moments in the presidential debates".<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-fournier15jan-60">[60]</a>

<h3>2011 campaign for Mayor of Chicago</h3><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Carol_for_Chicago_logo.png" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Carol_for_Chicago_logo.png/220px-Carol_for_Chicago_logo.png" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="232" data-file-height="91" width="220" height="86" /></a> </div><div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><div class="thumbcaption">Mosley Braun campaign logo</div></div></div>

In November 2010, after Chicago mayor <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_M.Daley" title="Richard M. Daley">Richard M. Daley</a> announced that he would not seek re-election, Moseley Braun announced she would run for mayor of Chicago in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Chicago_mayoral_election" title="2011 Chicago mayoral election">2011</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-61">[61]</a> In early 2011, two potentially strong African-American candidates—U.S. Rep. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danny_K.Davis" title="Danny K. Davis">Danny Davis</a> and State Sen. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Meeks" title="James Meeks">James Meeks</a>—left the race and endorsed Moseley Braun, making her the so-called consensus black candidate.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-62">[62]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-63">[63]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-local2014-65">[65]</a>

This came after a discussions between Mosely Braun and the other two

candidates where it was decided that Moseley Braun, with her profile as a

former US Senator, ambassador, and presidential candidate, would be the

strongest of the three candidates.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-local2014-65">[65]</a> These discussions had occurred with the involvement of Chicago African American figures such Jesse Jackson and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Burnett_Jr." title="Walter Burnett Jr.">Walter Burnett Jr.</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-local2014-65">[65]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-66">[66]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-hitlercomment-67">[67]</a>

On paper, Moseley Braun appeared likely to be a formidable contender for the mayoralty.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-local2014-65">[65]</a>

However, a horribly run campaign and an image damaged by scandals and

blunders would relegate her to a relatively paltry finish.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-local2014-65">[65]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-becameanalsoran-68">[68]</a>

Moseley Braun had several difficulties with her candidacy, including a lack of funding.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-local2014-65">[65]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-becameanalsoran-68">[68]</a> She raised approximately $705,000, while <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rahm_Emanuel" title="Rahm Emanuel">Rahm Emanuel</a> raised over $15 million.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-local2014-65">[65]</a>

While referred to as the "consensus" African American candidate, she

was not receiving much financial backing or from African American

politicians and community leaders, many of whom instead backed Rahm

Emanuel.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-local2014-65">[65]</a> Only a few of the city's African-American business leaders (including Elzie Higginbottom and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_W._Rogers_Jr." title="John W. Rogers Jr.">John W. Rogers Jr.</a>) contributed to her campaign.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-becameanalsoran-68">[68]</a> She also received $25,000 from congressman <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Rush" title="Bobby Rush">Bobby Rush</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-hitlercomment-67">[67]</a> With a lack of funds, Moseley Braun only was able to air a single television ad, which she ran late in the campaign.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-local2014-65">[65]</a>

African American politicians and community leaders also did not

provide non-financial assistance to Moseley Brown's campaign effort.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-local2014-65">[65]</a> Moseley Braun's campaign also received no support from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">trade unions</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-local2014-65">[65]</a>

There was internal conflict within Moseley Braun's campaign organization.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-becameanalsoran-68">[68]</a>

Mosely Braun encountered criticism for accepting donations from

individuals who had already donated the $5,000 maximum (which was

instituted January 1, 2011 when the Illinois Campaign Disclosure Act

went into effect)<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-local2014-65">[65]</a>

Mosely Braun suffered from a poorly run campaign.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-local2014-65">[65]</a>

Her campaign was plagued by gaffes, including missed interviews and an

inability to give a sufficient explanation for her past financial

problems.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-local2014-65">[65]</a> However, the most serious debacle came in a debate on January 30, 2011, when Moseley Braun accused another candidate, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patricia_Van_Pelt" title="Patricia Van Pelt">Patricia Van-Pelt Watkins</a>, of "being strung out on crack" for 20 years.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-local2014-65">[65]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-69">[69]</a> Van-Pelt Watkins had once been addicted to cocaine, but had been clean for 30 years.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-becameanalsoran-68">[68]</a> This attack on Van-Pelt Watkins backfired and was detrimental to Moseley Braun's own candidacy.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-becameanalsoran-68">[68]</a>

Braun's campaign, which had never gained much traction, began to bleed

what support it had after she made this attack, with many former

supporters fleeing to support Emanuel instead.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-local2014-65">[65]</a>

Moseley Braun opposed moving the city to having an elected <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/School_board" class="mw-redirect" title="School board">school board</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-local2014-65">[65]</a>

Moseley Braun criticized frontrunner Rahm Emanuel's tax proposals, arguing that they would fail to assist poorer Chicagoans.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-local2014-65">[65]</a> She also accused Emanuel of having numerous times voted against <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congressional_Black_Caucus" title="Congressional Black Caucus">Congressional Black Caucus</a> proposals that would have assisted lower-income families.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-local2014-65">[65]</a>

As a candidate, Braun put an emphasis on her governmental experience and her ties to the city's black community.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-local2014-65">[65]</a>

On February 22, 2011, Moseley Braun came in fourth in the field

of six, receiving about nine percent of the vote. In her concession

speech, she remarked that her young niece could become the first female

mayor of Chicago,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-70">[70]</a> despite the fact that <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Byrne" title="Jane Byrne">Jane Byrne</a> had already served as Chicago's first female mayor.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-71">[71]</a>

<h3>Subsequent activities</h3>In the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maryland#Democratic_primary" title="2016 United States Senate election in Maryland">2016 Democratic U.S. Senate primary in Maryland</a>, Moseley Braun endorsed <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donna_Edwards" title="Donna Edwards">Donna Edwards</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-72">[72]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-73">[73]</a>

In the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_Chicago_mayoral_election" title="2019 Chicago mayoral election">2019 Chicago mayoral election</a> runoff, Moseley Braun endorsed <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toni_Preckwinkle" title="Toni Preckwinkle">Toni Preckwinkle</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-74">[74]</a>

In the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries">2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries</a>, Moseley Braun endorsed <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-75">[75]</a> During the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Democratic_Party_presidential_debates#Fifth_debate(November_20,2019)" title="2020 Democratic Party presidential debates">November 2019 Democratic presidential debate</a>, Biden mentioned her endorsement, misspeaking and mistakenly referring to her as "the only

African-American woman who's ever been elected to the United States

Senate", only to be quickly corrected by his opponents, including <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a>,

who herself happened to be the second (and only other) African-American

woman elected to the U.S. Senate. This gaffe of Biden's attracted

significant media attention.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-76">[76]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-77">[77]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-78">[78]</a> At the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2020 Democratic National Convention">2020 Democratic National Convention</a>, Moseley Braun was responsible for announcing Illinois' votes in the roll call.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-aimsfor-79">[79]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-80">[80]</a> After Biden's victory in the general election (with Kamala Harris as his vice presidential <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Running_mate" title="Running mate">running mate</a>), Moseley Braun made it publicly known that she was interested in being his <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior">Secretary of the Interior</a>. She also expressed interest in holding some other role in his administration.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-aimsfor-79">[79]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-81">[81]</a> Biden opted to nominate <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deb_Haaland" title="Deb Haaland">Deb Haaland</a> for Secretary of the Interior.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-82">[82]</a>

<h2>Work outside politics</h2>In

2005, Moseley Braun founded an organic products company known as Good

Food Organics. Good Food Organics was the parent company of Ambassador

Organics.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-auto1-10">[10]</a> As of 2019, the company was defunct.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-auto-16">[16]</a>

Moseley Braun became a visiting professor of political science at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwestern_University" title="Northwestern University">Northwestern University</a> in November 2016.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-auto1-10">[10]</a>

<h2>Personal life</h2>In

September 1998, Lauryn Kaye Valentine applied for permission to change

her name to Carol Moseley Braun. Valentine cited the former senator as

her hero and promised not to "dishonor [the] name". The change was made

official. That December, however, Valentine put her name forward as a

candidate for alderman of Chicago's 37th Ward.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-83">[83]</a> Before the election, a Circuit Court judge rescinded the name change, forcing Valentine to revert to her original name.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-84">[84]</a> Valentine was later ruled ineligible to run, as she was not a registered voter at the time because of her name changes.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-85">[85]</a>

In April 2007, Braun suffered a broken wrist when a <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mugger" class="extiw" title="wikt:mugger">mugger</a>

emerged from bushes near her front door to steal her purse. Braun

resisted and fell during the struggle, fracturing her left wrist. The

mugger was chased off by a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a> student while his girlfriend called <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-1-1" title="9-1-1">911</a>. Braun was later treated at a hospital and released.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-86">[86]</a> A man was later charged with the crime and was sentenced to 20 years in prison on July 11, 2008.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-87">[87]</a>

Braun's financial problems made headlines in October 2012 when it was revealed that her home was in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreclosure" title="Foreclosure">foreclosure</a> and that she had not made any <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mortgage" class="mw-redirect" title="Mortgage">mortgage</a>

payments for over a year. Before she was evicted, she sold her house

for approximately $200,000 less than the amount she still owed on her

mortgage loan.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun#cite_note-88">[88]</a>

<h2>Electoral history</h2><div>...
</div></div><div>===
</div>